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GIPE-003012-Contents.Pdf (406.3Kb) v • , MARYSIEXKA BY THE SAME AUTHOR PETER THE OREIT. T,an.I.,ed by LAOY MARY LoYD. With a Portrait. Demy 8vo. Price 61. THE ROIlllIICE OP III EMPRESS (Catherine II. of RUBia). With a Portrait. Dem)' 8\'0. Price 6.;, THE STORY OP I THROIIE (Catherine IL of BOllia). With a Portrait. Dcm)' 8 ...·0. Prjc;c 6/. l<>'OON' WILLLUI HEIXBfANN, 21 RF.lJfOItD S1 REET, W.C. , ® • , . MAR'YSlENK\A MARIE DE LA GRANGE D'ARQUIE~ QUEEN OF POLAND, AND WIFE OF SOBIESKI BY K. WALlSZEWSKI· Transla/ed from Ihe Fre1Zl:h by LADY MARY LO\''o 1iIl\ttb a porttalt LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN 1898 vt;'J5:, () / )1. ; C2'i '30/L-2- T/ui ~ OIiOJp C"'hrir4t i. .u C,..tria .~ ,. de &-I TnM7• ..,J u wt iii Ie -JtI"rlIal ;'111 tlte U-ud SUIIR ,/ A~ Ito LA COMTESSE XAVIER llRANIC;KA (Il/e COMTESSE POTO~KA) OF THE CASTLE OF WILLAN6w -THE HOME OF MARYSIENKA AND SOlHESKI. RESTORED BY THE CARE 01-' ITS PRESENT OCCUPANTS- BY HER OWN CRACIOUS IJERMISSION, I RESPECTIWLLY DEDICATE THIS BOOK INTRODUCTION WHO was Marysienka? A Frenchwoman, who became Queen of Poland, where this name was bestowed upon her. The fact has but little interest for you, reader? 'Nor for me either!' I would reply, if this peculiarity (not an ordinary one, by any means) were the only one her story offers. But the question of the manner in which the daughter of a mere captain in Monsieur's Guard, needy and of somewhat shady reputation to boot, contrived to succeed an Austrian arch­ duchess on one of the fairest thrones of Europe, must present some aspects worth investigation. And there are better things yet, to be discovered in this scrap of history. Better even than the curious, complicated. and exceedingly obscure episode of the numerous French candidatures-those of Anguien, Conde, Longueville - to the Polish throne, all of which, we see, are connected with this woman's strange career, using, or being used by her-for the great Conde! was mixed up in the business, and Mazarin, and De Lionne, and the Grand R()i himself. Something bettC!' yet, I say! . It was not the mere facts to which I have just referred, which tempted me, some time since, to discuss this free-lance of royalty in ·a series of papers, published in a French Redew (Le C()rresp()lld<lnt, 1884-1886). Those sketches should not be too closely compared with "ii x MARYSIENKA in Europe, under the care of $he kindest and most helpful of curators. I beg M. Macon kindly to accept this expression of my gratitude. Little did· I foresee that a similar debt, contracted on the same spot, would be paid beside a newly-made grave! The emotion with which I make my acknowledgment is all the deeper, and the thought that the shadow of a noblc and beloved memory hovers over these pages, the perusal of which, I would fain think, would have given him pleasure, is "'a satisfaction to me. Much that they contain rclates to the history of his race. ' I am encumbered, in the present instance, with debt. of the same nature. The guardians of public and private stores of documents, whether French or foreign, are my never­ ceasing creditors, and I run sore risk of dying before I discharge my liabilities. But I never forget what lowe to them, as also to the Baron d'Hunolstein, to my excellent comrade :\t. Frederic Masson, to the Rc,·. Pere Pierling, of the Society of Jesus, and to my good friend M. Julien de St Venant Baron Hunolstein actually confided to me, on one occa­ sion, no less a treasure than the supplement to the JJf aaaT'­ iniana at the Quai d'Orsay, which is preserved in the archives of the house of Montmorency-Luxembourg. Mons. Frederic Masson is a very Crc.esu., of learning, who casts his stores of knowledge out of window to his fri.ends passing in the street below. My one regret is that I have not been able to make fuller use of the share I have gathered up. The Rev. Pere Pierling probably knows more than any other Frenchman of what is being done amongst foreign archives. The notes on Italy and England, which he was good enougb to communicate to me, have been of the greatest sen;ce. INTRODUCTION· xi Mons. de St. Venant has. done me the kindness of examining the collections of muniments in the Nievre, Mary­ sienka's native district. I also owe some precious items of information to Comte Xavier Brani~ki, the present owner of the Castle of Willan6w, Sobieski's last place of residence. But in Poland itself I found few unpublished records. A series of publications undertaken by the Academy of Science at Cracow, in con­ nection with the second centenary of the deliverance ot . Vienna, has exhausted the local sources of information. Six volumes of documents represent my own share in this result. The archives of that country, besides, are some of them peculiarly difficult of access, whilst others cannot be turned to account. One of the latest explorers in that direction, Mons. Korzon, has been forced to cast a ve.il of anonymity over certain of his references. • r find myself in a somewhat difficult position as to Mons. Korzon, who has offered, spontaneously and most graciously, to send me the valuable pages of a very important work, entitled Tite Fortunes, good and evil, of Sobieski (' Dola i Niedola Jana Sobieskiego, 1629-1674 '), which he is about to send forth, and the publication of which has been undertaken by the Cracow Academy-a most eclectic body, and with every claim to the quality. The second volume of this book having only just been sent to press, and the complete work not being due to appear for another year, I have been specially favoured by this early bestowal of the first, r am sincerely obliged to the author: but as, after having treated me fairly well in his work, he proceeds to handle me tolerably ill, I have some difficulty in comprehending his intention. To borrow an expression of his own-at the sense of which. indeed, [ am forced to guess-his action is, no doubt, a piece xii MARYSIENKA of 'obstractive diplomacy' (I'. 347). On the whole, how­ ever, I am very mu£h obliged to him, and my only regret is that I have not been able to extract all the good I had hoped from his work, sceing the author has set himself to make a book of theories-and theory in history is the last thing I seek for. But I am very glad to advise those of my r"auers whose taste in that direction is stronger than my own, to perusc the volume, which, from this particular point of view, is re­ plete with interest LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED I. DOCUMENTS Correspo1tdance Politique (partly unpublished) in the archives of the French Foreign Office, Polish Department, 1644-1716_ Extracts published by K. Waliszewski in the Ada Ifistorica, Academy of Science, Cracow, vols. iii., v., and vii., 1879-1884; and in the Relations diplomatiques emre 10 Pologne eI 10 Frallce all dix-huitieme Silde, published by the Socitte d'His/oire et de Littera/flre Polollaise a Paris. > Cracow, 1889. CfJrrcspolldalue de Marie de GOII.ague (partly unpublished) in the National Archives, 1310-13'4. Extracts published in above Rtlati'ons. Corresponda"" politique d" Marquis de Brfgy (partly unpublished), French Ambassador in Poland. In the Montmorency­ Luxembourg Archives, the property of Baron Hunolstein. Fragments published as above. CO""s!'OI,dan,,, divers" (partly u-;"published), from the Arsenal Library, 4532. Extracts published as above. Correspolldante de Afarie de Gonzagw (unpublished), and various documents collected by her Secretary, Des Noyers. Chantilly Archives. This collection contains, amongst other things, the whole correspondence between the great Conde and his son, relative to their candidature for the Polish throne. • xHi xiv MARYSIENKA COTrupolldante ghlira/e d" Grand CondE (unpublished). Chantilly Archives. • Curruponda",e du Marq"is de Brtg)' (unpuhlishcd) and variou, documents collected by M. Frederic JIIasson. Correspondanc((/e Marie-Casimire d'Arquien (unpublished)_ British Museum. MS_ 85.6_ Corrtspondance de ChupjJin, Illtendanl da /-t1/imtn/s dll Boi at BIoi" 1716 (unpublished)_ National Archives, ca,c oj, No_ 1325. Mam"crit de SI. Lautner (unpuulished)_ Archives of Loir-ct-Cher. Leiters frum King Jolm-Caslmir I. Itis wife, published by th<·· Kwarla/nik-Hislorynll.Y. Lemberg, 1891. Correspondence between Sobieski and his wift, Ihe My"k" ... ,ki Library edition_ Cracow, 1859- Papers bearing on Ihe reign of John Sobic.,ki, published in Ihe Ada Hislorica (see abo,' e), vol. ii., by )1 (1ns. Klucz)'cki, 11180. Papers bearing on lhe Vienna Campaign, by Mons. Kluczycki, vol. vii_, .883_ The Portfolio of Queen Marie-Louise, published (in Polish) by Count Raczynski, at Posen, 1844- Chronick of lhe Convent of St_ Bawll (unpubli,hcd). Racz)'n,ki Library_ Lelten of Pierre des NO)"er'_ Berlin, 1859. Unpub/islted Correspond"", of Count &de in the florc-n!inc Archi,'''' (:\l.arie d'Arquicn's stay at Rome.) Va..un.s ullpuD/ished CorrespOlldellct_ ~rcdici Archives, Sos. 57 15, 5730,5736,5737,4706,47°7 (same subject). Diario del Valuio (unpublished)_ Capilol Archi,-es (""me .ubjift). LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED, xv Bulletin dl fa S(Jcii:tt j\;ivernaise, .,1869, 1896, containing l\.1arie d'Arquicn's will and VaI'iOllS documents referring to her. Das KriegsJohr, '083, published by Ihe Ablheilung fiir Kriegs. Geschichl" des K.
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