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Boof. and the Presentation of the Edition to the Forest Products Laboratory for Distribution 3he Decennial Celebration Committee has concluded its activities with thepublication of this booF. and the presentation of the edition to the Forest Products Laboratory for distribution. It dives me pleasure to present youthis copy in the belief that you will find it of interest. Carlile P. Winslow, Director Forest Products Laboratory- Madison, Wisconshi The Forest Products Laboratory A Decennial Record 1910-- 1920 THE FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY AN INSTITUTION OF INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH MAINTAINED AT MADISON, WISCONSIN IN QUARTERS FURNISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN BY THE BRANCH OF RESEARCH FOREST SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PUBLISHED BY THE J)ECENNIAL ('OM\IlTTEE HOWARD F. WEISS, Ciwirman 1921 DEMOC}tAT PRINTING COMPANY MADISON, WISCONSIN GENERAL COMMITTEE Decennial Celebration FOREST PRODUCTSLABORATORY MADISON, WISCONSIN JULY 22 AND 23,92O Honorary Chairman, HENRY S. GRAVES, Washington, D. C. EMANUEL L. PHILTPP. Governor, Former Forester, U. S. Forest Service. Commonwealth of Wisconsin. W. K. HATT, Purdue Univ., Lafayette,Intl. Chairman, President Concrete Institute. HOWARD F. WEIss, CHAS. H. HERTY, Editor, C.F.Burgess Laboratories. Madison, "Jour. md. and Eng. Chem.," Wis.Ex-Director, Forest Products La,- New York, N. Y. oratory. HOWARD W. HoRns, First Vice-Chairman, Wood Mosaic Co., Inc., Louisville, KY. CARLILEP.WiNsLow, Direct or,Forest WILLARD C. HOWE, President and Treasurer, Products Laboratory. Journal of Commerce Co.,St. Louis, Mo. Second Vice-Chairman, B.F. HUNTI.EY, President, B. F. Huntley H. J. THORKELSON, BusinessManager,Uni- Furniture Co. Winston-Salem, N. C. versity of Wisconsin. Chairman,ForestProductsLaboratory Executive Secretary, Committee, So. Furn. Mfgrs. Ass'n. DON E. MOWRY, General Secretary, Louis T. JAMME, Chicago, Ill. Madison Association of Commerce. Ex-V. P. and Chairman Civic-Intl.Com., Chicago Association of Commerce. ELMER C. JENSEN, H. AISHTON, President, Mundie & Jensen, Architects, Chicago,Ill. American R. R. Assn., Chicago, Ill. BOLLING ARTHUR JoHNsoN, Editor andPub., W. R. ANDERSON, Publisher, Chicago, Ill. 'Packages," Milwaukee, Wis. "Lumber World Review," JAMES B. ANGELL, Chairman, A. R. JOYCE, First 1/ice-President.Chicago, Ill. National Research Council, Joyce Watkins Co., Ass'n. Washington, D. C. Pres., American Wood Preservers C.F.KETTERING, DaytonWright Branch, E. A. BIRGE, President, General Motors, Dayton, Ohio University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Engi- J. H. BLOEDEL. President. BloedelDonovan JAMES S. MACGREGOR, UnitedNew Aircraft York, N. Y. Vice Pres. neering Corporation, Lumber Mills, Seattle, Wash. B. F. MASTERS, V. P. d Gen. Man., Nat'l Lumber Mfgrs. Ass'n. Rathborne Hair & Ridgeway Company, S. BRANTINGHAM, President. Chicago, Ill. EmersonBrantingham Co., Rockford, Ill. Chairman, Advisory Committee, National Chairman of Ed. Nat'l Ass'n Box Mfgrs. HARRY H. MERRICIc, President, Implement & Vehicle Association. Great Lakes Trust Co., Chicago. Ill. C. BRYANT, Association. Yale Forest School, New Haven. Conn. President, Mississippi Valley GRO. W. MIXTER, Vice-President, Pres. Society of American Foresters. Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Co., BuffalO, N.Y. B. CHAPMAN, President, Madison Association of Commerce. H. MOAIr, Managing Editor,Madison, Wis. Gso. M. CORNWALL, Editor and Publisher. "Wisconsin State Journal," 'The Timberman," Portland. Ore. L. P. PoST. Publisher, J05. H. DEFREES, Defrees, Buckinghnrn & "Paper Mill & Pulp WoodNew News," York, N. Y. Eaton, Attorneys. Chicago, Ill. President Chamber of Commerce of U. PERCIVAL SHELDON RIDSDALE, Editor, S. A. "American Forestry,"Washington, D. C. M. C. FITZGERALD. Director of Transyorta- J. SEN5ENBRENNER, First Vice-Pres.,Kim- non, General ElectricCo., berly-Clark Company, Neenah, WiS. Schenectady, N. Y. E. B. STEVENS, President, A. L. FonD, Managing Editor, Wood Products Co., Buffalo, N. Y. "American Lumberman," Chicago, Ill. W. H. SULLIVAN, Vice-Pres. d Gen.Man., L.D. GARDNER, President. The Gardner GreatSouthern LumberCo.,BogaluSa, Moffat Co., Inc. New York, N. Y. La.Director, Nat'l Lumber Mfg. Ass'n. W. A. GILdIIEIST, Chicago, Ill. Chairman, Committee on Wood Utilization DAVID"Chicago B. TOWN, Evening General Post" Manager, and associated and Prevention of Waste. National Lum- Chicago, Ill. ber Manufacturers Association. papers, JoHN M. GLENN, President, R. "FurnitureF. WINDOES. Manufacturer Editor, and Artisan, Glenn & Co., Chicago. Ill. Grand Rapids, Mich. Secretary,Illinois Mfgrs. Association. H. B. GOODMAN, Secretary, Sawyer C. H. WORCESTER, President, Goodman Lumber Co., Marinette. Wis. C. H. Worcester Company, Chicago, Ill. Director, Nat'l Lumber Mfgrs. Ass'n. Vice-Pres., Nat'l Lumber Mfgrs. Ass'n. CONTENTS Foreword PART I CHAPTER PAGE I\\TOød and T-Iunian Progress 1 IIEarly Perspectives of Forest Utilization 4 IIIThe Forest Products Laboratory . 9 Establishment 9 Growth . 10 Organization . 12 Equipment 16 Personnel . 19 J\TTen Years of Research in Forest Products . 23 Pre-war Research . 23 War Work . 37 V Financial Value of Research Results . 59 \TJ Future Research in Forest Products . 63 VII How to Use the Laboratory . 75 PART II Decennial Foreword . 85 Decennial Celebration Prograiii . 86 Decennial Celebration Proceedings General Assembly, July 22, 1920 . 87 H. F. \Veiss, Chairman Banquet, July 22, 1920 . 119 Burr WT. Jones, LL. I)., Toastmaster General Assembly, July 23, 1920 . 139 John Foley. Chairman APPENDIX Decennial Registration List . 179 Former Laboratory Staff Members . 189 ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE UtilizationThe Field of the Forest Products Laboratory Begins Here . Frontispiece Three Foresters, United States Forest Service . 3 The Yard to Which Come Logs from Many Climes and Coun- tries . 8 Organization Chart, Forest Products Laboratory 14 Erection of the Million Pound Timber Testing Machine (1920). 17 Three Directors, Forest Products Laboratory 20 The Timber Mechanics Laboratory . 24 Box Testing in the Big Tumbling Drum 27 A Charge of Ties Entering the Preservation Cylinder at the Lab- oratory 30 War Work An Airplane Wing Rib Being Placed ina Testing Machine 36 Personnel Development ChartJuly, 1917 to July, 1920 39 Laminated Construction as Applied to WTooden Articles of Com- merce . 44 Glue Spreading Machine . 46 Some War Time Installations of Types of Dry Kilns Developed at the Laboratory . 50 Wood Distillation Retort . 56 Studying the Many Factors Entering into the Manufacture and Storage of Airplane Propellers . 62 Forest Service Improvements in Turpentining . 68 Wood TechnologyThe Microscope is Useful in Identification 72 ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE The Control and Operation lEnd of a Dry Kiln at the Laboratory76 Cooperative Box WorkA Study of Diagonal Compression 79 A Quiet Moment During the Decennial . 84 Educational WorkA Typical Class in Kiln Drying 100 Timber TestsA Large Built-up Floor Beam Being Tested to Destruction 110 New Boxes for OldSome War Time Box W'ork at the Lab- oratory . 118 Notable Decennial FiguresDirector C. P. Winslow, Forester W. B. Greeley, Former Director IT. F. Weiss 192 Bending Heavy Wheel Rims . 134 Moisture Resistant Coatings----Applving Aluminuni Leaf to Wheel Pattern . 138 The Paper Making Machine . 142 A Corner of the Pulp and Paper Laboratory . 148 Notable Decennial FiguresSpeakers and Leaders 156 Laboratory Helpers Gathering Data for Determining Moisture Content of Woods . 162 A Miracle of ChemistryConversion of Sawdust into Stock Food . 170 FORE WORD On July twenty-second, nineteen twenty, several hundred representatives of America's diversified wood- using industries assembled at Madison, Wisconsin, to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of the Forest Products Laboratory.Men, representative of every important industry which draws uponthe forests for its raw material, were present from throughout the United States.Several came from foreign countries. The decennial celebration, of which the publication of this record is a part, was conceived as a mark of trib- ute to ten years of public service unique in the forest history of the world, and it was made possible by the contributions of over two hundred firms and individ- uals. Acknowledgment is here made by the committee for this striking evidence of good will, and the hope is expressed that this volume will reflect the spirit and character of the work of this institution during the first ten years of its public service. THE FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY A DECENNIAL RECORD PART I CHAPTER 1 WOOD AND HUMAN PROGRESS Knowledge is the torch of human progress.It throws its light forward and lifts each generation upward in the scale of civilization in proportion as that generation accepts its standards.In the story of creation, knowledge is symbolized by a tree.Down through the intervening ages man's use of wood in attaining new heights of knowl- edge has been one of the most important factors in the advance of civilization. Primitive man, we are told, was dominated by the forest. But as his crude imagination slowly awakened to the arts of life, he finally succeeded in reversing the order of his environment by making the forests more and more serve his material needs. And in conquering the forests, he built up the material structure of his own civilization; he stimulated his latent consciousness of the power of civilization; he lifted himself from a life of savage and nomadic wandering to the social and industrial modernism of today. History is rich in evidence of the achievement of human progress through knowledge derived from wood. Man, it is held, was rescued from a state of savagery primarily by two
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