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Home , Albert Henry Vestal, Don Fuqua, James Abourezk, John Brademas, Wiley Mayne, William Fargo

March 25, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 7959 HOUSE OF REPRESE,NTATIVES-Thursday, March 25, 1971

The House met at 12 o'clock noon. pointed Mr. CANNON as a member of the BYELO&USSIAN 1NDEPENl>l1:NC£ Rt. Rev. Nikolaj Lapitzki, Byelorus­ same Board of Visitors. Mr. Speaker, the highest hopes and sian Orthodox Church of St. Euphrosy­ aspirations of the Byelorussian people for a free and independent nation were ful­ nia, South River, N.J., offered the fol­ NUMBERING OF RECORDED TELLER lowing prayer: filled on March 25, 1918, when the Byelo­ VOTES AND ROLLCALL VOTES russian National Republic was born. In the name of the Father, and of the The SPEAKER. The Chair would like It was during World War I that the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. to announce that recorded teller vote No. Byelorussians took advantage of a weak­ o eternal God, and our Father, the 1-on the public debt and interest rate ened Russian regime and took steps to source of all life and light, on this day limitation-and recorded teller vote No. liberate themselves from the Russian commemorating the proclamation of in­ 2-on deleting appropriations for the powers. The All-Byelorussian Congress dependence of anniversary of Byelorus­ met in December 1917, in the city of sia, we hwnbly bow our heads and pray, supersonic transport--be renwnbered ss "roll No. 30" and "roll No. 31,'' respec­ Miensk and, on March 25, 1918, pro­ that Byelorussia, and all other captive claimed the Byelorussian Republic. nations may soon receive a new birth of tively. The Clerk will henceforth number an recorded teller votes in sequence with Byelorussia's provisional constitution freedom. roll numbers. was adopted which provided for freedom o Generous God, the source of kind­ Without objection, the permanent of speech, press, and assembly; national ness, bless and instruct the leaders and RECORD and the Journal will be changed and cultural autonomy of all minorities; legislators of the of Amer­ accordingly: and, in the future, recorded a direct and secret ballot open to all ica, so that they would arrive at the de­ Byelorussians; an 8-hour workday with cisions, which would lead to peace and teller votes will be carried in the single "roll number" series. a right to strike-all guarantees of hu­ freedom of all mankind. There was no objection. man rights. o Merciful God, source of love, send Acknowledging the right of Byelorus­ Your blessing on all people of our glori­ PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY sia to its freedom and independence, the ous country, United States of America, Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, a parlia­ Byelorussian Democratic Republic was save them from discord, giving them the mentary inquiry. accorded recognition by over a dozen spirit of love, wisdom, and true brother­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman will states, and Byelorussian legations and hood. Amen. state the parliamentary inquiry. consulates were set up in some foreign Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will this in capitals. Unfortunately, the new Byelo­ any way change the results as they ap­ russian free and independent state was THE JOURNAL pear in the RECORD? unable to enjoy its new found freedom for The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ The SPEAKER. Not in the least. The very long. The Russian Communists in­ purpose is to have just one set of nUll).­ vaded Byelorussia and turned the terri­ lned the Journal of the last day's pro­ bers on recorded votes instead of two. ceedings and announces to the House his tory into a battlefield, and the nation Mr. GROSS. Since they have already soon found itself in Russian captivity. approval thereof. been changed from what the Chair an­ Without objection, the Journal stands World War II provided a period of nounced the totals were, that is why I relative calm and, under the German oc­ approved. raised the question. There was no objection. cupation, resulted in a spontaneous re­ The SPEAKER. The Chair thanks the vival of Byelorussian national institu­ gentleman. tions. In 1944, in Miensk, the Second Byelorussian Congress was convened and MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT it reaffirm,ed the desire of the Byelorus­ A message in writing from the Presi­ RT. REV. NIKOLAJ LAPITZKI sian people for complete political inde­ dent of the United States was communi­

THE HOBBLING O!i' ELECTED LEADERSHIP now in exwtence, only five can trace their fully achieved unless we change our old Perhaps the most significant conse­ origins to the beginnings of our coun­ ways of thinking. It is not enough merely quence of scattered responsibility in the try. The Departments of State and to reshuffle departments for the sake of executive branch is the hobbling effect it Treasury were set up in 1789; so was reshuffling them. We must rebuild the has on elected leadership-and, there­ the War Department-the predecessor of executive branch according to a new un­ fore, on the basic principles of demo­ the Department of Defense. The posi­ derstanding of how government can cratic government. In our political sys­ tions of Attorn.ey General and Postmas­ best be organized to perform effectively. tem, when the people identify a problem ter General were also established in The key to that new understanding is they elect to public office men and women 1789, though it was not until later that the concept that the executive branch of who priomise to solve that problem. If the departments they head were set up the government should be organized these leaders succeed, they can be re­ in their present form. One of these five around basic goals. Instead of grouping elected; if they fail, they can be replaced. units, the Post Office Department, will activities by narrow subjects OT by lim­ Elections are the people's tool for keep­ soon become an independent corpora­ ited constituencies, we should organize ing government resPonsi ve to their tion. But, under my proposals, the other them around the great purposes of gov­ needs. four "original" departments would re­ ernment in modern society. For only This entire system rests on the as­ main intaot. It is the seven newer de­ when a department is set up to achieve a sumption, however, that elected leaders partments of thie Government which given set of purposes, can we effectively can make the Government respond to the would be affected by the changes I rec­ hold that department accountable for people's mandate. Too often, th1s as­ ommend. achieving them. Only when the respon­ sumption iS wrong. When lines of respon­ These seven departments were set up sibility for realizing basic objectives is sibility are as tangled and as ambigu­ to meet the changing needs of a growing clearly focused in a specific governmental ous as they are in many policy areas, it nation, needs which have conttinued to unit, can we reasonably hope that those is extremely difficult for either the Con­ change over the years. The Department objectives will be realized. gress or the President to see that their of the Interior, for example, was estab­ When government is organized by intentions are carried out. lished in 1849 to deal with newly opened goals, then we can fairly expect that it If the President or the Congress wants western lands and especially with the In­ will pay more attention to results and less to launch a program or change a pro­ dians who inhabited them. The Depart­ attention to procedures. Then the suc­ gram or even find out how a program is ment of AgricultJure was also added in cess of government will at last be clearly working, it often becomes necessary to the nineteenth century, at a time when linked to the things that happen in so­ consult with a half dozen or more au­ the overwhelming majority of our peo­ ciety rather than the things thait hap­ thorities, each of whom can blame the ple were directly affected by 'the tre­ pen in government. others when something goes wrong. It mendous expansion of agricultural en­ Under the proposals which I am sub­ is often impassible to delegate to any one terprise. In the early years of the twen­ mitting, those in the Federal Govern­ official the full responsibility for carry­ tieth century, in a time of rapid and un­ ment who deal with common or closely ing out a specific mandate. since the settling industrial growth, the Depart­ related problems would work together in machinery for doing that job is divided ment of Commerce and Labor was set the same organizational framework. Each am.ong various agencies. As a result, up. The Labor Department was split off department would be given a rn.tssion there is frequently no single o:fficial­ from it in 1913, in response to feelings broad enough so that it could set com­ even at the Cabinet level-whom the that labor was suffering from an im­ prehensive policy directions and resolve President or the Congress can hold ac­ balance of power and needed additional internally the policy conflicts which are countable for Government's success or influence. The three newest departments most likely to arise. The responsibilities failure in meeting a given need. of the Government-Health, Education, of each depairtment would be defined in a No wonder bureaucracy has some­ and Welfare, Housing and Urban De­ way that minimizes parochialism and en­ times been described as "the rule of no velopment, iand Transportation-were ables the President and the Congress to one." No wonder the public complains all created after World War II. Each hold specific officials responsible for the about programs which simply seem to represented a first step toward bringing achievement of specific goals. drift. When elected officials cannot hold together some of the new Federal offices These same organwational principles appointees acc·ountable for the perform­ and agencies which had proliferated. so would ·also be applied to the internal ance of government, then the voters' in­ rapidly in recent decades. organization of each department. Similar fluence on government's behavior is also ORGANIZING AROUND GOALS functions would be grouped together weakened. A13 we look at the present organiza­ within each new entity, making it still HOW DID THINGS GET THIS WAY? tion of the Fedeml Government, we find easier to delegate authority to lower The Amerircan peaple clearly pay a that many of the existing units deal with levels and further enhancing the ac­ very high price for the incapacities of methods and subjects rather than with countability of subordinate officials. In addition, the proposals I submit today governmental structures--0ne that is purposes and goals. If we have a ques­ measured in disappointment, frustration tion about labor we go to the Labor De­ include a number of improvements in and wasted tax dollars. But how did partment and if we have a business the management of Federal programs, things get this way? problem we go to the Commerce Depart­ so that we can take fuU advantage of the opportunities afforded us by organiza­ Wha't happened, essentially, was that ment. If wte are interested in housing the organization of Government-like we go to one department and if we are tional restructuring. the grant-in-aid programs which I have interested in highways we go ito another. The admi.Illstration is today trans­ disoussed in my special messages to the The problem is that as our society mitting to the Congress four bills which, Congres.5 concerning revenue shartng­ has become more complex, we often find if enacted, would replace seven of the grew up in a haphazard, piecemeal ourselves using a variety of means to present executive departments and sev­ fashion over the years. Whenever Gov­ achieve a single set of goals. We ·are in­ eral other a.gencies with four new de­ ernment took on an important new as­ terested, for example, in economic de­ partments: the Department of Natural signment or identified an important new velopment-which requires new mar­ Resources, the Department of Commu­ nity Development, the Department of constitutency~ the chances were pretty kets, more productive workers and bet­ HU1Ilan Resources and the Department good that a new organizational enti'ty ter tm.nsportation systems. But which of Economic Affairs. A special report would 'be established to deal with it. Un­ department do we go to for that? And fortunately, as each new office was set what if we wanlt to 'build a new city, and summary-which explain my recom­ mendations in greater detail-have also up, litJtle or no attention was given to with sufficient public facilities, adequate been prepared for each of the proposed the question of how ft would fit in with housing, and decent recreation areas­ the old ones. Thus office was piled upon which department do we petition then? new departments. office in resPonse oo developing needs; We sometimes seem to have forgotten THE DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES when new needs arose and still newer that government 1s not 1n business to One of the most notable developments units were created, the older structures deal with subjects on a chart but to in public consciousness in recent years simply remained in place. achieve real objectives for real human hia.s been a growing ooncem for protect­ Of th1e twelve executive deprurtm.ents beings. These objectives will never be ing the environment and a growing March 25, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 7965 awareness of its highly interdependent pipeline saif ety functions of the Depart· and safe community environment for nature. The science of ,ecology-the study ment of Transportation, and the Naition· every American. This process would re­ of the interrelationships between living al Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra· quire a comprehensive series of programs organisms and their environments--has tion from the Department of Commerce. which are equal to the demands of grow­ experienced a sudden rise in PQPularity. Because of their historical association ing population and which provide for All of us have become far more sensitive with the Department of the Interior, the balanced growth in urban and rural to the way inJ which each element of programs of the Bureau of Indian Af­ areas. The new Department would op­ our natural habitat affects all other ele­ fairs would be administered by the new er.ate through three major administra­ ments. Department until such time as an ac­ tions: a Housing Administration, a Com­ Unfortunately, this understanding is ceptable alternative arrangement could munity Transportation Administration not yet reflected in the way our Govern­ be worked out with Indian leaders and and an Urban and Rural Development ment is organized. Various parts of the other concerned parties. Administration. A fourth unit, ,the Fed­ interdependent environment are still un­ THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT eral Insurance Administration, would be der the purview of highly independent A restless and highly mobile people, set up administratively by the Secretary. Federal offices. As a result, Federal land Americans ,are constantly creating new The new Department af CommUillity policies, water programs, mineral poli­ communities and renewing old ones Development would absorb the present cies, forestry practices, recreation activi­ throughout our land. In an era of rapid Department of Housing and Urban De­ ties and energy programs cannot be easily change, this process-which once took velopment. Other components would in­ coordinated, even though the manner in generations-can now be repeated in just clude certain elements of the Economic which each is carried out has a great in­ a few years. Development Administration and the fluence on all the others. At the same time, the process of com­ Regional Commission programs from the Again and agaJin we encounter intra­ munity development is becoming even Department of Commerce, the independ­ governmental conflicts in the environ­ more complex, particularly as the prob­ ent Appalachian Regional Commission, mental area. One department's water­ lems of urban and rural communities be­ various Department of Agrtculture pro­ shed project, for instance, threatens to gin to merge. The elements of community grams including water and waste dis­ slow the flow of water to another de­ life are many and the mark af a cohesive posal grants and loans, the Rural Elec­ partment's reclamation project down­ community is the harmonious way in trification Administration, rand rural stream. One agency wants to develop an which they interrelate. That is why we housing programs. The Comm.unity ' electric power project on a certain river hear so much these days about the im­ Action and Special Impact Programs of while other agencies are working to keep portance of community planning. And the Office of Economic Opportunity the same area wild. Difl'eren.lt depart­ that is why it is essential that Federal a.id would be included, as would the Public ments follow different policies for timber for community development be designed Library construction grant program production and conservation, for graz­ to meet a wide range of related needs in from the Department of Health, Educa­ ing, for fire prevention and for recrea­ a highly coordinated manner. tion, and Welfare and certain disaster tional activities on the Federal lands Often this does not happen under the assistance functions now handled by the they control, though the lands are often present system. The reason is that the Office of Emergency Preparedness and contiguous. basic community development programs the Small Business Administration. Most We cannot afford to continue in this of the Federal Government are presently Federal highway programs and the Ur­ manner. The challenges in the natural divided among at least eight separate au­ ban Mass Transportation Ad.m.indstra­ resource field have become too pressing. tion would be transferred from the Some forecasts say that we will double thorities-including four executive de­ partments and four independent present Department of Transportation. our usage of energy in the next 10 years, agencies. I would note that while the Depart­ of water in the next 18 years, and of ment of Transportation is a relatively metals in the next 22 years. In fact, it is A community that seeks development assistance thus finds that it has to search new entity, it, too, is now organized predicted that the United States will use around methods and not around pur­ more energy and more cri'tical resources out aid from a variety of Federal agen­ cies. Each agency has its own forms and poses. A large part of the Department of in the remaining years of this century Transportation would be moved into the than in all of our history u'p until now. regulations and timetables-and its own brand of red tape. Each has its own field new Department of Econamic Affairs­ Government must perform at its very but those functions which particularly best if it is to help the Nation meet these organizations, often with independent challenges. and overlapping boundaries for regions support com.m.Uillity development would and districts. Sometimes a local com­ be placed in the Department which is I propose that a new Department of designed to meet that goal. Natural Resources be created that would munity must consult with Federal offices bring together the many natural re­ in three or four different States. THE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES source responsibilities now scattered The result is that local leaders often The price of obsolete organization is throughout the Federal Government. find it virtually impossible to relate Fed­ evidenced with special force in those This Department would work t.o ron­ eral assistance programs to their own Government programs Which are directly serve, manage, and utilize our resources local development strategies. The mayor designed to serve individuals and fam­ in a way that would prdt.ect the quality of one small town has observed that by ilies. In part this is because there has of the environment and achieve a true the time he :finishes dealing with eight been so much new legislation in the hu­ harmony between man and nature. The Federal planning ·agencies, he has little man resource field in recent decades; the major activities of the new Department time to do anything else. old machinery is simply overstrained by woulld be organized under its five sub~ Occasionally, it must be admitted, a its new challenges. But whatever the rea­ divisions: Land and Recreation Re­ community can reap unexpected bene­ sons, human resource programs com­ sources, Water Resources, Energy and fits from this diffusion of Federal re­ prise one area in which the Government Minerals Resources, Oceanic, Atmos­ sponsibility. The story is told of one small is singularly ill-equipped to deliver ade­ pheric and Earth Sciences, and Indian city that applied to six different agencies quate results. and Territorta1 Affairs. for help in building a sewage treatment I have already commented on the The new Department of Natural Re­ plant and received affirmative responses broad dispersion of Federal health and sources would absorb the present Depart­ from all six. If all the grants had been education activities. Similar examples ment of the Intertor. other major pro­ completed, the community would have abound. Income support programs, in­ grams which would be joined to it would cleared a handsome profit-but at the cluding those which. administer food include: The Forest Service and the soil Federal taxpayers' expense. stamps, welfare payments, retirement and wat.er conservation progranis from To help correct such problems, I pro­ benefits and other forms of assistance, the Department of Agriculture, planning pose that the major community develop- are scattered among three departments and funding for the civil functions of ment functions of the Federal Govern­ and a number of other agencies. The the Army Corps of Engineers and for the ment be pulled together into a new De­ Department af Agriculture, the Depart­ civilian power functions of the Atomic partment of Community Development. It ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, Energy Commission, the inrteragency would be the overriding purpose of this and the Office of Economic Opp0rtunity Water Resources Council, the oil and gas Department to help build a wholesome all handle food and nutrition matters. CXVII--502-Part 6 7966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE JJ1arch 25, 1971 Child care programs, migrant programs, even more important that Federal eco­ farm inevme than is the present De­ manpower programs, and consumer nomic policies be carried out as eff ec­ partment of Agriculture, for example. programs often suffer from similarly cll­ tively as possible. It could do more to meet the complex vided attention. But again, the organization of the needs of workingmen and women than In one city, two vocational training Government works against the syste­ can the present Department of Labor. centers were built three blocks apart at matic consideration of economic com­ It would be able to pull together a wider about the same time and for the same plexities. The step by step evolution of range of resources to help minority purpose, with money from two different our Federal machinery has created a businessmen than can the present De­ Federal agencies. And for every case of series of separate entities-each han­ partment of Commerce. overattention, there are many more of dling a separate part of the economic Federal organization in the economic neglect. Consider the plight of a poor puzzle. Some of these entities are rela­ area has been the target of frequent person who must go to one office for wel­ tively autonomous units within depart­ criticism over the years. During the fare assistance, to another for food ments. Others are independent agencies. previous ad.ministr.ation alone, two spe­ stamps, to another for financial counsel­ But perhaps the most dramatic evidence cial studies c:1f executive orgfan.izatioh ing, to still another for legal aid, to a of our fragmented approach to the econ­ recommended that it be substantially fifth office for employment assistance, to omy is the existence of four major ex­ altered. I have received a similar recom­ a sixth place for job training, and to a ecutive departments which handle highly mendation from my Advisory Council on number of additional offices for various interdependent economic matters: Com­ Executive Organization. kinds of medical help. The social worker merce, Labor, Agriculture, and Trans­ I am therefore recommending to the who might guide him through this maze portation. Congress that a new Department of Eco­ often works in still another location. This situation can seriously impair nomic Afiairs be established to promote Such situations are clearly intolerable, governmental efforts to respond effec­ economic growth, to foster economic yet the Federal Government--which tively to economic challenges. One de­ justice, and to encourage more emcient ought to be working to reform these partment, for example, may be con­ and more productive Telationships confused systems-actually is resPonsible cerned with the raw materials a given among the various elements of our econ­ for much of the confusion in the first industry receives from the farms, while omy and between the United States econ­ place. a second department is concerned with omy and those of other nations. As this I believe that we can take a major step getting these materials to the factory single new Department joined the toward remedying such problems by es­ and getting the product to its market. Treasury Department, the Council of tablishing a new Department of Human Meanwhile, a third department is con­ Economic Advisers an'd the Federal Re­ Resources which would unify major Fed­ cerned with the workers who harvest the serve Board in shaping economic policy, eral efforts to assist the development of crops, run the transportation systems it would speak with a stronger voice and individual potential and family well­ and manufacture the product, while a would off er a more effective, more highly being. This Department would be sub­ fourth department is concerned with the integrated viewPoint than four different. divided, in turn, into three major admin­ businessmen who own the plant where departments can possibly do at present. istrations: Health, Human Development, the product is made and the stores where The activities of the new Department and Income Security. it is merchandised. would be grouped under the following six This new Department would incorpo­ Such a division of responsibility can administrations: Business Development, rate most of the present Department of also create a great deal of overlap. The F'anns and Agriculture, Laibor Relations Health, Education, and Welfare with the Agriculture Department, for instance, and Standards, National Transpcrtation, following significant additions: A num­ finds that its interest in agricultural la­ Social, Economic, and Technical Infor­ ber of food protection, food distribution, bor is shared by the Labor Department, mation and International Economics. and nutrition programs from the Depart­ its regard for agricultural enterprise is The new Department of Economic Af­ ment of Agriculture, the College Housing shared by the Small Business Admin­ fairs would include many c:1f the offices program from the Department of Hous­ istration, and its concern for providing that are now wiithin the Departments of ing and Urban Development, the in­ sufficient transportation for farm prod­ Commerce, Labor and Agriiculture. A dependent Railroad Retirement Board, ucts is shared by the Department of large part of the Department of Trans­ various programs from the Office of Transporta:tion. The Commerce, Labor portation would also be relocated here Economic Opportunity Thomas Jefferson once put it this way: the Federal Government. We need to Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, the need for "I am certainly not an advocate for fre­ reorganize the executive branch along the right to privacy bill becomes more quent and untried changes in laws and the lines of the functions served by vari­ self-evident with each day. Today we constitutions," he wrote, "but ... laws ous departments and agencies, not the read in our newspapers that the FBI and institutions must go hand in hand constituencies they now serve. has engaged in surveillance, pursuant to with the progress of the human mind. This is the thrust of the President's the directions of its Director, J. Edgar As that becomes more developed, more plan-to organize the Federal Govern­ Hoover, of school groups "organized to enlightened, as new discoveries are made, ment by function. This, I believe, would project the demands of black students." new truths disclosed, and manners and eliminate overlapping and clear away Last week we learned that Assistant At­ opinions change with the ehange of cir­ the present complicated maze. torney General William H. Rehnquist cumstances, institutions must advance Our citizens are sick of the complexity who appeared before the Senate Judici­ also, and keep pace with the times." of big government. They are sick of ary Subcommittee on Constitutional "Institutions must advance." Jeffer­ waste. They are sick of the miles and Rights took the position that the Federal son and his associates saw ithat point miles of red tape in which Government Government would be within its con­ clearly in the late 18th century, and the now is entangled-and the people with it. stitutional authority if it put Senator fruit of their vision was a new nation. SAM J. ERVIN, JR., under surveillance. Mr. It is now for us-if our vision matches I urge the Congress to give careful Rehnquist maintained that the Govern­ theirs---to renew the Government they study to the President's proposals and ment has a right to gather information created and thus give new life to our to bring order out of chaos. The Con­ on citizens so long as it did not force an common dreams. gress must not stand in the way of progress. individual to disclose information or did . not use the information in a court ac­ THE WHITE HOUSE, March 25, 1971. Mr. STAFFORD. Mr. Speaker, we have tion. As a result of earlier testimony be­ before us in the administration's pro­ fore Senator ERVIN'S subcommittee we posals for executive branch reorganiza­ learned that the Army has been conduct­ THE PRESIDENT'S PROPOSAL FOR tion one of the most important pieces of ing surveillance of civilians from mid- GOVERNMENTAL REORGANIZA­ legislation in recent years. I hope we will 1967 to mid-1970. I am appending some TION begin hearings on the proposals promptly interesting correspondence that I have (Mr. GERALD R. FORD asked and and take steps to enact reform of the had on the subject of Army surveillance, was given permission to extend his re­ Federal bureaucracy. with Robert E. Jordan ill, General Coun­ marks at this point in the RECORD.) During the 1960's we established a sel to the Department of the Army. Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, number of Federal programs to alleviate At the present time there are 76 co­ in the last four decades more and more human needs and to raise the quality of sponsors of H.R. 854. H.R. 854 would power has been concentrated in the life in this country. Unfortunately the require each Government agency which Washington bureaucracy. effectiveness of these efforts was nulllfied maintains records concerning any in­ During that time the Congress ap­ by having to append them to depart­ dividual to: notify the individual that pears to have been fascinated by sheer ments and agencies not really geared to such a record exists; notify the individ­ numbers-a fantastic increase in num­ handle the increased work. ual of all transfers of such information; bers of Governmnent programs, numbers . W!1ile we were eager to enact new leg­ disclose information from such records of Federal dollars allocated to those pro­ lSlation, we overlooked the necessity of only with the consent of the individual grams, and numbers of Federal workers seeing that the Government was struc­ or when legally required; maintain a employed in those programs. tured in such a way as to execute the in­ record of all persons inspecting such The problems remain. In fact, the tent of the new laws. Education pro­ records; and permit the individual to in­ problems have become worse. And in re­ grams were scattered throughout several spect his records, make copies of them, cent years when Presidents have tried offices, as were health, welfare, and man­ and supplement them. to point to progress they have talked in power training programs. This added to I hope that the Government Opera­ terms of increased dollar outlays rather the overlapping of programs which had tions Committee before which this bill is than results. been slowly taking place for years. pending will hold hearings on this vital This has brought crushing disappoint­ Now we find that a total of 29 agencies subject. ment to rthe American people-a bitter have responsibilities for 180 education I urge our colleagues who are not yet realization that performance has fallen programs. Eight agencies look into can­ cosponsors to join those of us who are. far short of political promises. cer research. Thirty-eight groups have The correspondence follows: There is an inescapable conclusion­ authority in the field of water resources. HARVARD LAW ScHOOL, that the system is at fault, that thor­ The list goes on and on. Cambridge, Mass., December 28, 1970. ough-going changes are needed in the If the programs we have enacted are HON. STANLEY RESOR, fundamental structure of the Federal to operate efficiently with the maximum Secretary of the Army, Government and the Federal aid system. aid to our constituents and a minimum Department of Defense, The President has sent us his propos­ of bureaucratic overlap, then we must Washington, D.C. reorganize the structure of the entire DEAR SECRETARY RESOR: As former president als for Federal revenue sharing-and of the student body of one of New York these are most welcome. executive branch. We must draw together University's colleges (Washington Square Today we have received the President's the related education programs, similar College), I want to express to you my anger proposal for governmental reorganiza­ health programs, and so on in order that and disgust with the domestic espionage tion. This, combined with revenue shar­ they can be managed effectively. activity of the Army. That activity has caused ing, places us on the threshold of a new immense damage to the nation; to the re­ era in American political history, an era spect for the Constitution, to the relation­ GENERAL LEAVE ship between the people a.nd the government, in which the people are given more con­ to any remnant of faith in its institutions. trol over their own destinies. Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, I If the Government disapproves of this We need only look at the record and ask unanimous consent that all Members espionage and seeks to divest itself of re­ we must recognize that governmental re­ desiring to do so may extend their re- sponsibility, it cannot merely disassociate organization is a must. In the past 20 marks on the subject of the President's itself from rtJle acts and internally reorganize. years the number of Cabinet depart­ It must apply to itself its own method for proposal for governmental reorganiza­ correcting the wrongs of others. Those ments has increased from 9 to 12; the tion. responsible-who planned and ordered-for nfunber of major independent agencies The SPEAKER. Is there objection to this espionage against the people ought to has increased from 27 to 41; the number the request of the gentleman from Michi­ be subject to criminal prosecution for abuse of Federal employees has increased from gan? of authority. The Government must be will­ 2.1 million to 2.7 million; the Federal There was no objection. ing to place its personnel and agents under March 25, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 7969 have been received by Senator George S. the same rule of law it rpronrnlga.tes for the cenitly devised ~ series of pollcles which will people. Perhaps one of your agents was en­ iprev'-ent the recurrence o! the type of activi­ McGovern, Democrat of ; Rep­ resentative Farren J. Mitchell, Democrat of rolled in a. European History course and ties which are alleged to have occurred. Sec­ retary Froehlke's statement discusses these Maryland; , The Wash­ could report to you on the rise of constitu­ ington Post and The Los Angeles Times. The tionalism. policies in considerable detail. I hope you have the integrity to deal with Sincerely, copies sent to The Times ca.me in an enve­ this scandal. However, I cannot help but ROBERT E. JORDAN ill, lope ad.dressed to Tom Wicker, an associate wonder if I haven't just ma.de myself a can­ General Counsel. editor and columnist. It bore a Princeton, didate for surveillance. N .J. postmark. Sincerely, HOUSE OF REPRE8ENTATIVES, A letter signed by the Citizen's Commis­ JONATHAN BoCKIAN. Washington, D.C., March 25, 1971. sion to Investigate the F.B.I. said the docu­ ments had been ta.ken as part of an effort to Hon. ROBERT E. JORDAN IlI, General Counsel, scrutinize the bureau's surveillance activi­ MEMORANDUM ties. To: Rep. Edward Kodh Department of the Army, Washington, D.C. Apart from the 14 internal bureau com­ From: JonathanBockian munications and memorandums, most of Subject: Army surveillance a.t N.Y.U. DEAR MR. JORDAN: Thank you for your let­ ter of March 22 informing me that all civil which were typed on Government station­ The enclosed letter was seillt to Secretary ery, there was a report from the Swarth­ Resor regarding the recently disclosed sur­ disturbance files kept alt the local level were ordered destroyed by the Army tn June 1970. more (Pa.) Police Department about black veillance of four colleges. militant activities at Swarthmore College. You wilil note from the letter my personal However, I understantli that these files were interest in the matt.er. duplicated by the Department of Defense MEMO FROM HOOVER As & constituent of yours (60 Ea.st 8 Street) and a.re now located. at a. higher echelon than The bureau's interest in student militancy I would like you to try to find out for me the !local level. Of wha.t value is tt to destroy ls reflected in a memorandum of Nov. 4, if I or my government was under surveil­ the local level records ti', in fact, their dupli­ 1970, by Mr. Hoover. lance. I am interested in the period from cates a.re stlll being reta.lned? Oonsequently, It said in part: January, 1969, to Ma.y, 1970. The name of I am still interested in '8.SCertaining if th'e "Increased campus disorders involving our organization is the Washington Square Wa.sb.lngton Square College Student Councll black students pose a definite threat to the College student Council. To me, the uncer­ a.nd the constituent who inquired were un­ nation's stability and security and indicate taAnty of Government espionage is as ha.rm­ der survelllance at any time from January need for increase in both quality and quan­ fUl as the fact. 1969 to May 1970. tity of intelligence information on Black Please write to me a.t: Shaw Hall No. 310, I have no desire, as you stated you have Student Unions and slmlla.r groups which Everett Street, Cambridge, Mass. 02138. no desire, to focus on the pa.st and do aip­ a.re targets for influence and control by vio­ Thank you. preciate the apparent change in your poli­ lence-prone Black Panther party and other JONATHAN BOCKIAN. cies. But, it 1s important that if there 1s a extremists. . . . continuing injustice, a.s appears to be pres­ We must target informants and sources U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ent in this case, that it be rectified~ This CBID. to develop information regarding these Washtngton, D.C., January 19, 1971. only be accomplished by the destruction of groups on a continuing basis ;to fulfill our CONGRESSIONAL LL\ISoN, all of these records relating to the subjects responsibilities and to develop such coverage Department of the Army, The Pentagon. of my inquiry and all others similarly where none exists. Washington, D.C. situated. "Effective immediately, all B.S.U.'s and DEAR Sm: I &lll writing to you a.bout a Sincerely, slmila.r organizations organized to project nmtter ·brought to my attenition by Jonathan EDWARD I. KOCH. the demands Of black students, which are Bockian, Shaw Hall No. 310, Everett Street, not presently under mvestlga.tion, are to be Camlbridge, Mass. 02138. [From the New York Times, March 25, 1971) subjects of discreet, preliminary inquiries. I limited to established sources and carefully 'have received the enclosed letter f.rom OF 8TUDENTS, BLACKS, WAR FOES Mr. Bock1a.n rega.l"ding his desire to ascer­ conducted to a.void critic:l.sm. . . . tain ff he and/or the Wsshin~n Square (By Fred P. Gra.b.am) "Open individual ca.ses on omcers and key College student Council was under surveU.­ WASHINGTON, March 24.-Copies of Federal activists 1n each group to determine back­ liance alt iany time during Ja.nuary 1969 BW'eau of Investigation documents that have ground and if their a.otlvities warrant a.ctive through May 1970. In accordance with your been .malled anonymously to several newspa­ investigation." existing procedures, I would appreciate re­ pers and individuals indicate that the agen­ Mr. Hoover specified that "this program ceiving your comments on th1s matter so cy is engaged in active surveillance of stu­ will 1nclude junior colleges and two-year col­ thia.t I m1ghit advise him. dent, Negro a.nd peace groups. leges as well as four-year colleges." Thank you for your interest in this in­ The F.B.I. acknowledged today ,the authen­ INFILTRATION ATTEMPI'ED quiry. ticity of the documents and said they had Sincerely, been stolen from the two-man bureau omce Other papers disclose that the burea.u at­ tempted to infiltrate a conference of wa.r EDWARD I. KOCH. in Media, Pa.., near Philadelphia, on March 8. The documents suggest that F.B.I. surveil­ resisters a.t Haverford (Pa.) College in Au­ gust, 1969, and at a convention of the Na­ lance of dissenters on the political left has DEPARTMENT OF THE All.MY, tional. A.ssoc:ialt1on Of Black Students at Washtngton, D.C •• March 22, 1971. been far more extensive than was generailly known. They also show that the subjects of Wayne Stalte in June, 1970. Hon. EDWARD I. KOCH, There was also 1a report on a Berkeley Uni­ House of Representatives, inqUirles include obscure persons marginally versity coed. from Phi1adelphi:a. who was said Washington, D.C. suspected. of lllegal a.ctivity. by one informer to be "an inveterate Marx­ DEAR MR. KOCH: The Ofilce of the Ohlef Of The disclosures come at a time of mount­ ist revolutionist" and by another 11.nformer Leglsla.t'ive Liaison 'has referred your letter ing controversy over reports of widespread to be an "average, liberal-minded student." to me for reply. Government surveillance. The girl was not placed on the "Security Your constituent has asked aibout a. par­ A Justice Department source said that a Index." ticular 1nstance of surveillance tby Arttny per­ distorted picture on the bureau activities One memorandum said that the telephone sonnel. As you may know, all civil disttwb­ had been given because the thieves had thus operator at an Eastern college showed to an ance files kept at the local level were or­ far circulated only 14 documents--rel&tlng F.B.I. agent long-distance telerphone records dered destroyed as a result of a. June 9, 1970 to investigations of students, blacks and new of a. philosophy teacher who was apparently Army policy letter. Thus, it 1s d.Ullcult as well Left groups--out of more than 800 docu­ suspected of harboring fugttives. The col­ as time-consuming to aittempt to invest1gate ments that were stolen. lege security officer and the c:l.ty's chief of each a.negation. Furthermore, since moSt of Surveillance discussed in the documents police also provided information. the specific mcidents in question relalte to that have been put into circulation, ranges Several documenif:IS urged dd.scretion in situations which couJ.d not arise where per­ from an order by the bureau director, J. Ed­ campus investigations, which is.re 'apparent­ sonnel !follow revised policies in effect in gar Hoover, to investigate a.11 student groups ly governed by a special manual for checking June 1970 or earlier, most such investigations "organized to project the demands of black on student groups. serve no useful purpose. The eD.Cllosed state­ students," to a paper noting an Idaho Boy Documents concerning black militant ment of Mr. Robert F. Froehlke, Assistant Scout leader's plans to take his troop to the groups disclose that minute details are Secreta.ry of Defense (Administration), de­ Soviet Union. recorded involvtng activities within the Black livered on March 2, 197'1 to the Suibcommit­ There is also a discussion of a bureau or­ Panther party and the National Black Eco­ tee on Constitutional RAghts o'f

( 11) In addition to their direct financial standards" and also pointing to specific tech­ tlon by January 1972. Carbide failed to meet impact, the misstatements and omissions nolog'lcal and other breakthroughs. This the October deadline. Thereafter the En­ contained in Exhibit A are material to the statement is m.lslead!in.g in failing to state vironmental Protection Agency succeeded to decision of investors who share the "good that as of the date thereof all five of Car­ the powers of the HEW Secretary, and further citizenship" concern expressed by Carbide's bide's West Virginia fa.c:il1t1es were dumping proceedings led to an order, in January 1971, management, in the statements quoted in waste into navigable streams without per­ (shortly after the distribution of Exhibit A), paragraph 9 and 10 above, either to purchase mits from the Army Corps of Engineers as for an immediate 40% reduction, and timely or sell Carbide stock or to give or withhold required by the Refuse Act of 1899. Shortly compliance wit h the other conference recom­ proxies from time to time in support of or prior to the d!Lstribution of Exhibit A, the mendations. Carbide was the first company to in opposition to management proposals. Charleston Dally Mail !or October 30, 1970 be the subject of an enforcement order of (12) Distribution of Exhibit A was "reason­ reported with respect to carbide's South the Environmental Protection Agency with ably calculated to result in the procurement Charleston a.rea: respect to air pollution. of proxies", in connection with the ensuing "Meanwhile, F. Douglas Bess, assistant The West Virginia. Air Pollut ion Control annual meeting of Carbide and constituted a manager of environmental control for Car­ Commission appears to have been met with solicitation as defined in Rule 14 a -1. See bide's 16 plants, including those at South simllar delays on Carbide's part. A 1969 Okin v. S.E.C. 132 F. 2d 784, 786; and see Charleston and Ins1litute, told State Atty. written agreement on the part of Carbide to 1969 Report on Disclosure to Investors from Gen. Chauncey Browning Jr. that the area cut power plant emissions at Alloy 'fa.iled to the Disclosure Policy Study at p. 367. plants turn loose more than 36 tons of result in timely compliance, -as a result of (13) On the basis of facts which have been chemical waste daily into the Kanawha River Os.rblde's indecision as between modifying reported in the press, or are matters of which draws on the oxygen needed for liv­ operations, or purchasing power as means public record in the files of state or federal ing things. He said it goes without treat­ of compliance. (See Business Week 2/6/ 71 governmental agencies, petitioners allege that ment. ait p. 55.) Exhibit A in the following specific respects "Virtually none of the water is recycled, ( e) Exhibit A states at page 6 that an contains untrue statements of material fact he testified at Browning's Blue RJ.dge project "unresolved problem'' o! pollution from it.a and omissions to state material facts neces­ hearing, and from an economic standpoint power plant a.t Marietta, Ohio results "from sary in order to make the statements made, it ls nearly 'impossible to treat these large the unavoidable use of high-sulphur coal." in the light of the circumstances under which volumes of water.' This ls misleading in lits failure to disclose they were made not misleading: "Chemical oxygen demand material, the ownership by Carbide of s-0me 53 mil­ (a) Exhl:bit A by its title and tenor pur­ largely unbiodegrada.ble, ls also released into lion tons of low-sulphur ooaJ. in reserve a.t ports to be a comprehensive summary of Ward Hollow in the a.mount CY! 43,000 pounds its own Mamm.outh, West Vlrg1n.1a mine, and Ca.I"bide's pollution control programs and daily, Bess said. The hollow ls clra.lned by in tits failure to discuss the feasibility of problems. It gives the impression that car­ Davis Creek wh1ch fiows into the river. Davis Cs.rblde buying low sulphm' coal; or the bide's overall contrtbution' to pollution of the Creek has been the scene many times of ext.ent to which any act~l difficulties wl:th environment has been moderate in relation massive fish kills. t1m.ely substitution of low swphur coal to the scope of its operations and largely un­ were self-induced. Carbide had. reported to avoidable under current technology; that "Another 136,000 pounds of industrial anti pollwtlon authorities that its own low waste, or 68 tons, flows from the South Carbide has been publlc spirited and forward sulphur reserves were u.nava.llable to meet looking in endeavoring to meet these prob­ Charleston waste treatment plant ea.ch day, recommended pollution abatement schedules. Bess said." lems and to cooperate with the public agen­ If t.irue, this ceased to be the case shortly cies hav.lng responsibilities for the protec­ Petitioners do not know of comparable 18.fter distribution of Exhibit A, following rthe tion of the environment. EXhibl:t A admits published figures as to water pollution by January 1971 order of ·the EPA adln:rln1stra­ that there have been criticisms of Ga.rbide Carbide in other areas. tlon and subsequent termination of a con­ but falls to spec'ify the na.ture and extent of (d) Under the sub-heading Power-Station tract calling for sales of Carbide low sul­ the criticisms and thus implies that they. Emission Controls, Exhibit A states, "The phur coal to an Ohio utlllty corporation. have been limited in scope and underserved. Corporation ls giving high priority to steps (f) In a number of press reported inter­ On the contrary; Carbide is, and has been, to combat air pollution resulting from the views both before and subsequent to the one of the nation's worst corporate polluters; production of power . . . at our plants at distribution of Exhibit A, 08.rbide officers has been uncooperative and resistant to the Alloy, West Virginia., South Charleston, West have admitted past overzealousness in re­ efforts of publlc agencies to curb pollution Virginia, Institute, West Virginia; and sisting pollution control authorities. See the and the public crJ.ticisms have been so exten­ Marietta., Ohio." This statement, if literally concluding paragraph o! Kenworthy's report sive as to ·tarnish its reputation and appar­ t rue as of today is misleading in falling to in the New York Times for July 6, 1970; ently have led to substantial chS!nges in man­ summarize Carbide's long history of past Report by Burt Schorr on the edltortal page agement, all as sta.ted in more detail belOlW. neglect and resistance to efforts of state and of the Wall Street Journa..I for March 4, (b) A stockholder looking to Exhibit A as federal authorities to obtain relief against 1971, entitled "Fighting Pollution; Why the a source of information would hardly be pollution from these plants. This omission is Dela.y?"; a.r.tlcle in 2/ 6/ 71 Business Week a.t a.ware of "the tarnish that has accumulated highly material, since the need !or Carbide page 56, column 1. over a period of time making Union O'ar­ giving "high priority" today, and any prac­ (g) Exhibit A states a.t page 8, "Recent bide--a. manufacturer of chemicals, plastics, tical difficulties in meeting schedules pro­ newspaper 8.I"tlcles have been crlt1ooJ. Of the carbon metals ancL consumer products--a.p­ posed, or ordered by regulatory • • •. air pollution oontrol mea.sures at our pea.r as one of the worst corporate pulluters in The mayor of Vienna., West Virginia. has Marietta, Ohio plant, which also produces the country." See an article by Gerd Wicke struggled since 1961 without significant ferroa.lloys." This staitement is m1sleading in the New York Times for Sunday, February response from Carbide to obtain relief from for failure to indicate the scope and ex.tent 14, 1971 and see references to "the horror Carbide's plant across the river in Marietta, of press criticisms with respect to the Mar­ story of" Carbide in an article by E.W. Ken­ Ohio. Passage of the 1963 Clean Air Act set ietta. plant as well as other Carbide opera­ worthy in the New York Times for July 6, up a slow moving procedure for federal tions. A limited search by petitioners has 1970. Nor would the stockholder learn that relief, but Carbide appears to have taken turned up a number of pertinent criticisms Carbide's .plant a.t Alloy, West Virginia. men­ full advantage of the inherent delays in im­ over a period from July 6, 1970. We a.re tioned in Exhibit A gives the town "a highly plementing that legislation. Pursuant to that making copies available to the Com.mission's visible claim to infamy" as "home for what Act, the National Air Pollution Control Ad­ investigatory staff. may be the smokiest factory in the world: a ministration (NAPCA) held an abatement It may be assumed that Carbide's public Un.ion Garbide ferroalloys plant that pours conference concerning pollution in the relations advisors have a far more extensive out 70,000 tons of particulates a year-slightly Vienna area. Carbide was invited but declined clipping file and petitioners suggest that more than the total emitted in all of New to present evidence at that conference. A Carbide should be required to produce such York City•.•• " See an article in Business Public Health Service study was presented to file. Reference to significant news reports, Week !or Februairy 6, 1971 at p. 54 which show "marked increases in respiratory dis­ both before and after November 6, 1970, are states further: eases in the area and pinpointed the Marietta listed below. It ls not suggested that Carbide "By Carbide measurements, eacih cubic Plant as the region's major polluter." (See should have referred in Exht:bit A to then meter of air around the pla.nt contains about t he 2/ 6/ 71 Business Week article at page 54 non-existent news items. The post November 400 micrograms of soot, some of it fine as which continues "For the next two years 6, 1970 items are nevertheless relevant, both face powder. That :ls four tlim.es the level Carbide refused to supply complete data on because 1n many instances the texts indi­ that HEW says ca.uses children to ·e~peri­ emissions, and, at one point, barred federal cate references to long standing public crit­ ence an increased incidence of respiratory inspectors from the Marietta Plant." NAPCA icisms of Carbide and because of the ·bearing disease' and five times the level that can called a second abatement conference in of the more recent items on what would be cause 'a noticeable increase in mortality October 1969 which Carbide failed even to an appropriate correcting statement. among the elderly and middle-aged.'" atten d and the conference failed to result in (c) Under the heading "Waste-Water Con­ any immediate recommendations. Threats 1 . ITEMS PRIOR TO NOVEMBER 6, 1970 trol" Carbide states (p. 4) "We have been of litigation on the part of HEW, in 1970, 7 / 2/70 Charleston Gazette refer to filing generally successful with our waste-water finally resulted in Carbide supplying re­ of a suit by an Anmoore, West Virginia couple control efforts to keep W'itb1n the limits of quested information, followed in April 1970 in the U.S. District Court against Carbide, applicable perm.its and standards.... " c:it­ by formal "recommendations" for the con­ the West Virginia. Air Pollution Control ing changing standards and its continuing trol of sulphur oxides by Carbide--a 40% Commission and the NAPOA for compensa­ purpose to "upgrade its pollution-abatement reduction by October 1970 and a 70 % reduc- tory and punitive damages from Carbide and 7980 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 25, 1971 injunctive relief in respect of Carbide caused 1/1/71 Denver Post report from Marietta, llef in respect of the misstatements are u air pollution at Anmoore. Ohio of the unsuccessful attempt of a de­ follows: 7 /6/70 New York Time3 article (signed by fend.ant speeding past a Carbide factory at (a) Petitioners agree with the professed E.W. Kenworthy) quoting criticism by Rep­ 80 m.p.h. to use the excuse "I was hurrying pOllicy of Carbide "to manifest its concern for resentative Ken Hechler of West Virginia to pass the awful odor." its responsib111ties as a citizen": and wish to concerning pollution from Carbide's Marietta 1/ 9/ 71 Washington Post, p. 6 Associaited be in a position (i) 1io exercise their fran­ plants and his correspondence with Carbide Press story ireferrlng to the rejection by the chises as stockholders, (11) to determine as a "horror study" buttressing the need for Director of the Environmental Protection, whether to continue as stockholders of Car­ further Federal legislation. Agency of a proposed clean up schedule on bide and (111) to enlist the support of fellow 9/19/70 "Environment Action" at page 9 the part of Qa,rbide at Marietta as the Di­ stockholders in trying to induce management describing complaints concerning unhealthy rector's first major ·a.ruti-poUution enforce­ to conform to such professed policy, all in working conditions in Car0bide's plant at ment action. the Ught of an adequately informed evalua­ Tonawanda, New York. 1/ 23/71 Environmental Action article en-· tion of the genuineness of Carbide's efforts to 10/1/1970 Charleston Gazette article by titled "Union Carbide: Village Ville.in" conform to tihat objective. Mary Walton concerning a then pending adapted from a. two pa.rt story by Stewart (b) Petitioners as stockholders have an in­ proceeding before the West Virginia Air Pol­ Udall and Jeff Stansbury distrLbUJted by the terest in Carbide conducting its business in lution Control Commission and quoting a Los Angeles Times. a. lawful manner. statement of Director Beard of that agency, 2/6/71 Business Week artlcle on Carbide ( c) Carbide's Violation of Rule 10~5 and "The record of Union carbide has not 1been entitled "A Corporate Poll.uter Learns the section 17 o:f the Securities Act, unless cor­ good. It's been sorry," later adding "You Hrurd Way" refer:red to in proceeding para­ rected, ls of continuing impact on the trad­ started in 1963, and you want untll 1975. graphs of the petition. ing in respect of Carbide's securities in the Ridiculous ... 2/14/71 New York Times article by Gerd. exchange and over the counter markets and 10/13/70 Charleston Gazette referring to a Wilcke entitled "Untarnishing Ca.I'lbide" also offerings of securities by Cairbide and to an petition of 200 Anmoore, West Vlrglnia resi­ mentioned supra. extent dependent on the future market prices dents, asking Union carbide to make publlc (h) The implications tha.t Exhibit A is a of Carbide's securities, exposes Carbide to the its plans for abating air pollution in An­ comprehensive summary of Car,bide's pollu­ risk of liabilities to security holders who may moore, West Virginia. The article further tion problems and programs ls misleading in rely on Exhibit A in the purchase or sale of states that about 50 families have agreed to omitting to deal at all with (i) pollution securities. As stockholders, petitioners have an interest in minimizing such liabilities. join the suit referred to in the ·above men­ resulting from Carbide's extensive strip and tioned 7 /2/70 Charleston Gazette item. Wherefore petitioners pray that the Com­ other mining operaitlons, (ti) emissions, in­ mission: 10/15/70 Bridgeport, West Virginia Spot­ cluding IlJOXlous odors from its chemical light, noting that the fight against Carbide I. Order a pubUc investigation pursuant to plants (111) pollution from Carbide's coal section 21(a) of the Exchange Act of the of a "Citizens for Clean Air" Anmoore group burning power plants, alloy and canbon elec­ has attracted the attention of the national facts set forth in the petition, and such fur­ trodes plants other than those mentioned in ther facts as may be pertinent to determine press, National Education Television, and ExMbit A and (.lv) pollution by Carbide's concerned citizens from other areas. the extent that Exhibit A contains mislead­ majority owned canadian Subsidiary. ing statements and omissions. In the in­ 10/15/70 Charleston Gazette referring to Carbide's chemical plants at Institute and copies of Ralph Nader correspondence criti­ terest of expedition and economy of the South Charleston, West Virginia are a Commission's time petitioner suggests that cizing pollution at the Alloy, West Virginia notorious source of objectionable odors a.s plant. the scope of such investigation may be lim­ revealed in a 1970 joint report on air pollu­ ited, initially at least, a.s specified in para­ 10/22/70 New York Times article signed tion in the Kanawa Valley. Carbide's Beau­ by E.W. Kenworthy referring to a telegram graphs II, III, and IV of this prayer for re­ harnois, Quebec plant discharges almost 11,- lief. to the HEW secretary signed by Curtis M. 000 tons of slllca dust into the atmosphere Uhl, Mayor of Vienna, by Richard S. Cot­ . II. As part o:f such investigation require each year, an amount equal to approximately Carbide to file with the Commlss:ton, pur­ terman of the West Virginia House of Dele­ 1/7 of the total visible air pollution !rom gates and by Grace Dils, a local businessman suant to the first sentence of said section all sources in the City o:f New York. The 21(a), a statement in writing, signed by a complaining of delays in abating pollution same subsi'dlary 1has an alloy plant at Wel­ from the Carbide Marietta. plants. responsible officer of Carbide, as to all the land, Ontario which has /been the subject facts and circumstances concerning the mat­ 10/30/70 New York Times, page 69, re­ of recent .pollution control orders o! Ontario's viewing proposals of Carbide, and require­ ter, including specific answers to the allega­ Energy and Resources Minister which, as an­ tions of fact oontained in this petition, and ments of state and federal a.uthorl.rties with nounced by Carbide on August 23, 1970, respect to controlling •poHution at Carbide's to the matters specified in paragraiph 14 as requires corrective action at an estimated pertinent but nort known to petitioners. Alloy, Anmoore and Marietta plants. cost of $20,000,000. Petitioners are not in­ 10/ 30/70 Charleston Daily Mail article by m. Direct Carbide to submit to the Com­ formed of the extent of the pollution prob­ mission its proposal as to an appropriate Rlchard Grimes referring to Carbide plans lems at Carbide•s numerous other plants in for a1batement of air pollution at Alloy, An­ text and plan for distribution of a correcting the United States and elsewhere which a.re statement, designed to mitigate so far a.s moore and Marietta iplants, also referring to engaged in inherently pollution causing daily discharge of some tons of chemical possible the consequences of the misleading production of alloys and carbon products statements and omissions in Exhibit A and wastes lby Carbide plants lllito the Kana.Wha and chemicals, as well as its coal, asbestos, River. require that the final text of such cor­ tungsten, vanadlan-uranium mines and re­ recting statement be filed with the Commis­ 11/2/70 Charleston Gazette article by Mary lated mills, all types of operations associated Walton describing visits to the homes of sion pursuant to the first sentence of section with serious 'degradation of the earth, air 21 (a), when and as distributed. (As a mini­ Carbide plant managers ln the h1lls high and water. above the pollution sU.ffered by valley dwell­ mum, Carbide's correcting statement should ers. stating "I have heard these managers (14) It is a reasonable inference !rom describe, adequately, with details as to each and their emissaries on countless occasions the misstatements and omissions described major !facility: (a.) the full impact of Car­ talk apologetically about pollution and what in paragraph 13 that there are other re­ bide's operations upon the environment; (b) they say is that it's going to take a long spects not known to or reasona1bly ascer:tain­ the resulting press and other public criti­ able by petitioners in which Exhibit 1A may time to do anything. This from people who cisms; (c) the efforts of Local, state and fed­ don't shut their windows on hot summer contain material misstatements and omis­ eral government authorities to curb pollution nights to block out burning fumes and sions. :from Carbide's operations and related private horrid smells that even an air conditioner ( 15) By reason of the :facts set forth 1n litigation; and (d) the past and planned can't stop." paragraphs 2 to 11 inclusive and paragraph future steps of Qu-bide to curtail pollution 13, Petitioner's distribution o:f Exhibit A caused by such operations and oosts and ll. NEWS ITEMS SUBSEQUENT TO NOVEMBER 6, violated Section lO(ib) of the Securities EX­ estimated future costs thereof.) 1970 change Act and the Commission's Riule 10 IV. Direct Cs.rbide to serve copies or such 11/ 15/70 News Register of Parkersburg, b-5 thereunder, and section 17 of the Secur­ documents on petitioners and accord peti­ West Virginia reviewing the struggle of ities Act. tioners and any other interested stockholders Vienna, West Virginia, for relief ifrom the ( l6) By reason of the facts set :forth in an opportunity to oomment, orally or in Marietta, Ohio and referring to the action paragraphs 2 to 7 and 9 to 13, both inclusive, writing, on the adequacy of any statement of a citizens' committee in urging the NAPCA such distribution also violated the Com­ or proposals of Carbide of the nature referred to move a little faster-particularly in regard mission's Rule 14 a-9. Petitioners regard such to in para.graphs II and III of this prayer to wbatement recommendations at the Car­ violation ~ Rule 14 a.-9 as a m.a.tter of ag­ for relief. bide Marietta plant. gravation of the violation of Rule 10 lb-5 and v. Take such, if any, additional steps as 11 / 24/70 New York Times article ·by Ben Section 17. Petitioner does not know whether the Commission may consider necessB.l'Y to A. Franklin refers to plants at Alloy and Exhibit A was filed with or otherwise sub­ ascertain the pertinent facts. Anmoore as "currently unJCier fire." mitte'd to the Commission .but any inci­ VI. On the basis of the facts ascertain.eide stock is listed below: White House knife. The new budget calls ated the new Un1ted states Postal Service Project on Oorporate Responsibility, 1600 for the complete elimination of the direct and is ithe only government agency whic:h an­ Oonnectd.cu't Arve., N.W., Washingtton, D.C. home loan program, a program which swers directly to .the people. If we do not ac:t 20009, benefi'CiaJ. owner Olf 3 shares of Car­ over the years has aided some 300,000 to prevent the development of an aidversary bide stock as a result af an uncompleted veterans and their families and which, situa,tion, if we allow our tempers t Viriglnia, owner of of the House Veterans' Affairs Commit­ be strong atnd my criticisms pointed, I say 10 ,shares of Gatlbide stock. tee. I was deeply concerned about the them because of my very deep commitment Roger S. Foster, one af the attorneys for administration's proposal. I was deeply to rthe fulfillment of the polic:ies which Con­ petitioners, has been a stoickhlolder of oar­ concerned because I realized that our gress established in the Pos1ia.l Reorganiza­ bide for wpproX!imately 40 years, is ipresentliy veteran population is rising every day tion Act, that the holder of 258 shares of Oa.ribide stdek, "The United States PosOO.l Service shall be and in ithait respect may be considered as and that a cutback in VA funds would operated as a basic Mld fundamental servdce petitioning tn a dual capacity. place severe strains on them. Chairman provided to the people by the Government of TEAGUE assured me that the committee 1lb.e Uiliited States, authorized by the Consti­ intends to lead the :fight against any fur­ tution, created ·by Act of Congress, and sup­ AMERICA'S PRIORITIES ther cuts and that wherever possible to ported •by the people." (Mr. HANLEY asked and was given restore badly needed funds which were I run gl:ad to see tlhat this symposium has cut out in prior years. some of minute and to revise and extend his re­ Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, in the near dence-Boston route and I early Pointed marks.) out the need for both routes. Last No­ future I will introduce legislation to pro­ Mr. NICHOLS. Mr. Speaker, this week vide an additional $289,965,000 for the vember, I wrote to Secretary of Trans­ has been designated as National Week of portation Volpe and urged him to in­ funding of Railpax during its first full Concern for Prisoners of War and Miss­ year of operation as a reserve to add clude all Connecticut rail lines in the urgently needed service around the Na­ ing in Action. Railpax System, and Secretary Volpe as­ This week is of special significance sured me that my recommendations tion, including westward service from since it was 6 years ago this week that Butfalo through Erie, Pa.; Cleveland and would be considered and analyzed in the the first American serviceman was cap­ preparation of the final report. Toledo, Ohio; and South Bend, Ind., to tured by North Vietnamese forces. Since Chicago. that time, over 1,500 of our military per­ In December, shortly after the De­ I am sure my colleagues will take note sonnel have been listed as either missing partment of Transportation issued its of the fact that the above amount was in action or as prisoners of war. Approxi­ Preliminary Report on Basic National the budget estimate for fiscal year 1971 mately 150 of these men have been held Rail Passenger System I again wrote to in the Department of Transportation ap­ prisoner or have been missing for 5 the Secretary of TransPortation and propriation bill for civil supersonic air­ years; an additional 300 have been miss­ protested the exclusion of the entire craft development. I realize that some ing for almost 4 years. western half of Connecticut, which in­ of the above budget estimate will be used While the North Vietnamese and Viet­ cludes a good part of my district, from up at the end of this month, but I still cong have arrogantly refused to release the propased basic system. In my let­ consider the $290 million figure to be fit­ word on our men, their families wait for ter to Secretary Volpe I urged the in­ ting and proper, for Railpax needs, this their return. Instead of cooperating, the clusion of a BridgepQrt-Waterbury­ year and in the future. Communists have given unofficial lists to Hartford-Springfield-Boston route, and Since the routes that Railpax an­ leftist organizations who then release a New Haven-Meriden-Wallingford­ nounced on Monday would suspend 50 them with great fanfare in the United Hartford-Springfield route in any percent of the railroad passenger service States. This only adds to the heartbreak plan finally adopted. I also asked that in the Nation, I am sure there is no dis­ and misery being experienced by the the city of Danbury, serviced by a rail agreement that Railpax is grossly un­ wives, children, and parents of those passenger line originating in Norwalk, dercapitalized. In addition, my proposal missing in action. to be included in the system. would save about 40 percent of the 16,000 Mr. Speaker, our President has made On December 18, I also urged Mr. jobs in railroad passenger service, which two very simple proposals concerning Chester M. Wiggin, Jr., Federal Cochair­ would be eliminated under the Railpax Vietnam and our prisoners of war. He man of the New England Regional Com­ plan. has proposed a mutual withdrawal of all mission to include my recommendations Mr. Speaker, SST opponents talked foreign troops from Vietnam and a re­ for western Connecticut and for the about priorities in generalities which 1 turn of all prisoners of war. The Com­ Hartford line in the Commission's pro­ could not accept. Now that SST funds munists, however, have refused to even PoSals to the Secretary of Transporta­ are no longer an issue, I am going to talk discuss this. tion. I was pleased that the January 3, about specifics, and I will ask for co­ I need not remind any of my distin­ 1971, New England Regional Commis­ sponsors to my bill, but as yet I have not guished colleagues that the Paris talks sion repart to the Secretary of Transpor­ decided whether to increase the authori­ have been continuing for almost 3 years. tation included my recommendation for zation under Public Law 91-518 or under Out of those weekly meetings, the only a Hartford-Meriden-New Haven route, special revenue sharing for the Depart­ thing that has been definitely decided is and a route through Danbury, but I no­ ment of Transportation. the shape of the conference table. tified Mr. Wiggin of my disaPPointment While our diplomats continue to make with the f allure of the New England Re­ honest attempts at ending our involve­ gional Commission to propase an over­ OBIT'UARY ment in Southeast Asia, the Communists all rail passenger ·system to service the vow that as long as the prisoner of war so-called inland route through Hartford Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Speaker, pon­ issue is unresolved, the United States as well as the coastal route from New dering the decision of the Congress to will continue to have troops in Vietnam. York to Boston in the final system I abandon the SST program after spend­ I pray that God will continue to give joined with Governor Meskill, ex-Gover­ ing $800 million ·of the taxpayers' money strength to the waiting families and to nor Dempsey, and other elected officials on the project, and with the cost of ter­ those who remain in Communist prison and concerned citizens in Connecticut minating it close .to that of completing camps. This week affords every American in emphasizing with the Secretary of the prototypes has inspired certain the opportunity to let the families know Transportation and the incorporators of thoughts which I include, herewith, for that they are not waiting alone without the National Railroad Passenger Corpo­ the edification of the Congress: hope. ration the vital importance of having 7984 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 25, 1971 both routes designated to serve Connec­ evolve. It ls unrealistic, I thln.k, to expect th e reality of subsequent amendment s t urn­ ticut, and I am pleased that the Corpo­ that the federal. government wm retain ing the program over to the states. ration has adopted our recommendation. many of its categorical aid programs in the You may have read the recent article in face of revenue sharing if that concept The Post by Doug Carter about categorical Despite our success in having both should ever be written into law. aid programs. I think he has done an excel­ routes in Connecticut included in the Under a program of revenue sharing, how lent job of summarizing the "national prior­ final system, it is a matter of continuing would the Congress and an ad.m1.n.Lstration ities" argument on revenue sharing. I am concern for me that the final route fails declare a national goal to do anything and enclosing a copy of the article. to include any rail service in the entire then be confident that the gooJ. would be CIVIL RIGHTS AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITY pursued effectively. It has been difficult western half of Connecticut and I intend My principal concern here can be sum­ to work with elected officials and citizens enough (to wit, the "war agaiinst poverty'') even under categorical grants where Uncle marized in one sentence: How do we carry out in that part of the State to secure ade­ Sam holds the strings. Take the improve­ a Title VI or other equal opportunity pro­ quate rail passenger service, since I be­ ment of education opportunities for disad­ gram under revenue sharing or block grants? lieve that in the future we shall tum vantaged. children, for example. ln:>iw, under It isn't enough to say, as the President has. increasingly to this form of transporta­ a system of revenue shrurtng (or block grants, that equal opportunity requirements and tion as the congestion of our highways the revenue sharttng twin) could the Con­ the protections of Title VI of the Civil Rights and streets increases with the rise in gress legtislate to meet those needs? Act will apply. The question is how-and the number of automobiles. I'm afraid-and this ls a fear shared iby the this ls a question bothering most of the peo­ many of my associates-that with respect ple I know who have worked in the area of to equal opportunity, meeting the needs of civil rights and equal opportunity. In his disadvantaged people or in trying to direct message on revenue sharing, the President CIVIL RIGHTS IMPLICATIONS OF reiterated his earlier State of the Union state­ REVENUE SHARING a greater share of the naMon's resources to meet any national problem, we would be ment about nondiscrimination safeguards (Mr. EDWARDS of California asked placed in a position of having to rely upon and then went on to say: and was given permission to extend his the "good faith" of the states. This, of course, . "The legislation I am recommending pro­ means that the national objective would not ~1des these safeguards. It stipulates that: remarks at this point in the RECORD and No person in the United States shall on the to include an article.) be achieved. Instead, we would have a po­ tential of 50 different situations in 50 differ­ ground of race, color or national origin be Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. ent states. The track records of many of the excluded from participation in, be denied Speaker, we have heard a great deal states does not inspire much confidence. the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimina­ about the pros and cons of President Without singling out any particular states, tion under any program or activity funded Nixon's revenue-sharing proposals. The it doesn't take much imagination to under­ in whole or in part with genera.I revenue President has hailed his recommenda­ stand why md.nority groups, the poor and sharing funds. other disadvantaged Americans mlgih.t prefer " 'The Secretary of the Treasury would be tion as a means of returning "power to empowered to enforce this provision. If he the people." As a Member of Congress ;to •cast t'heir lot ·with the federal government rather ;than the states. found a violation and was unable to gain who has long been concerned with civil The states and municipalities-in spite of voluntary compliance, he could then call rights and equal opportunity for all of Nixon's "power to the people" and closeness on the Attorney Genera.I to seek appropriate our citizens I find the President's choice to the people arguments-have not exactly relief in the Federal Courts, or he could In­ of words ironical. For while revenue shown themselves to be paragons of virtue or stitute administrative proceedings under sharing on its face may appear to be a administrative efficiency. While recognizing Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964- the federal government has problems in try­ leadlng to a cutoff of Federal funds . . . • •• mechanism for returning power to some (Emphasis added.) people, I have grave doubts about the ing to administer its far-flung programs, I This is all well and good, but . . . In the program's ability to deliver power to suspect most black people in Alabama for ex­ ample, would still prefer to take their first place, the Treasury Department has those people that have never fully had chances with the federal government than to never, to the best of my knowledge, been it-namely the poor and members of be forced to rely on a fair shake from a state known for vigorous enforcement of equal minority groups. For these reasons I government headed by George Wallace. It is opportunity. The language used by the Pres­ asked Dick Warden of the Washington difficult enough for disadvantaged Americans ident in his message ls almost identical to Research Project Action Council, a well­ and minorities under our federal categorical !itle VI, and the federal governmen~xcept respected organization concerned with aid programs--even though a number of them in education programs and a couple of other poverty, race, and education to prepare are aimed specifically at alleviating problems activities-has never been particularly zeal­ of poor, minorities and the disadvantaged. ous about enforcement of Title VI. Giving a memorandum for me on the civil Things would be even more difficult under the Secretary of the Treasury the option of rights-equal opportunity aspects of the no strings revenue sharing or-perhaps to a going either to the courts or Title VI means President's revenue-sharing proposals. I lesser extent-block grant approaches to ex­ in practice, the courts-if indeed, any com~ would like to share this insightful memo tending federal aid. pllance action were ever undertaken. The with my colleagues who I am sure are I have singled out the federal aid to dis­ Nixon Administration has for all practical equally concerned about the full implica­ advantaged children program as one which purposes abandoned the use of the Title VI tions of the President's proposal. The would be particularly vulnerable to either sanction (the cutoff of funding). Even if memorandum and the article it com­ revenue sharing or ,block gr.ants. You may these facts of life under the Nixon Adm.inil i ~ have noticed articles recently about a study tratlon were not facts, and even if we could mends to our reading follows: conducted at Syracuse and funded by the assume absolute good faith, I still would ai::k REvENUE SHARING Ford Foundation. The title ls "The Pattern how Title VI could be implemented. (By Dick Warden) of Allocation of Federal Aid to Education: A What would be the mechanics of an effer- ­ From a civil rights-equal opportunity Preliminary Summary of Findings", and it tive compliance program? Is the Adm.inistrar­ standpoint, the concept of revenue sharing concludes with respect to Title I of the Ele­ tion thinking of a huge division of com­ represents a retreat from na.tion.a.l responsi­ mentary and Secondary Education Act (the pliance officers as part of the Treasury De­ bility. We strongly oppose the Administra­ aid to disadvantaged kids section) that this partment to fan out over the country to tion's revenue sharing proposals. In what program ls the only one administered by determine how these federal shared revenues follows, I shall attempt to set forth some the Federal government which does a half­ are spent after they are comlngled with state way decent job of getting money to the kids and local money? Or is the government plan­ (but ndt necessarily all) of the objeot'lcms ning to delegate its responsibility for the which have occurred to persons involved in who need it most. Other less categorical fed­ civil rights, equal opportunity and programs eral programs have not proven to be good ve­ protection of federail. constitutional rights to state and/ or local governments? Or is the to a.id dlsadvanta.ged Americans. Most of hicles for getting assistance to those who these concerns would apply equally to the need it most, or even to be equitably dis­ idea to require simply an "assurance of com­ tributed on the basis of population. pliance" from states that they are distribut­ proposed program of grant consolidation as ing the shared revenues on a nondiscrimina- we understand it. The experience under Title III of the Ele­ mentary and SecondaTy Education Act of tory basis? How is it to be done? It isn't NATIONAL PRIORITIES 1965 might be worth citing at this point as enough simply to say it and have it happen. As one who has had some experience in an example of what can happen to an in­ If we haven't lea.med that by now, we haven't the ad:m1nlistratlon of federe.J. programs, I novative, promising federal program when learned anything. The Brown decision was find it difficult to understa.nd how the fed­ it is, in effect, turned over to the states. This 17 years ago, and segregated schools still exist eral government could assign priorities un­ is the section of the Act authorizing develop­ in the South. der a program of no strings revenue sharing. ment of supplements.Ty services and centers. On a related subject, how ls the Execut ive Let us assume for the sake of discussion When ESEA was adopted in 1965, ma.ny mem­ Order on Equal Employment Opportun ity that the "modest" program recommended .bers of Congress and otihers outside of Con­ (E.O. 11246) to be applied under revenue by the President represents a "foot in the gress saw Title III as the most promising part sharing or block grants. This ls

of the Western World is almost incalcul­ the provisions in the agreement relating present policy toward Greece is filled able. to the strengthening of free institutions. with contradiction. For, as you well know, Mr. Speaker, The policies instituted and adminis­ Let me cite several examples. democracy was conceived in Greece. tered by the colonels for nearly 4 years Deputy Assistant Secretary of State The philosophy of Socrates, Aristotle now are clearly incompatible with the Roger Davies said in June 1970 that: and Plato and the highest ideals in democracy and self-government and po­ We are informed that the entire con­ learning flowed from Greece. litical freedom which it is the principal stit ution will be implemented by the end of The arts and culture of Sophocles, purpose of NATO to defend. the year. Euripedes and Aeschylus flourished in There have been no free elections in But today eight key constitutional Greece. Greece. The parliament, such as it is, is articles dealing with elections, political A deeply religious spiri't is an indis­ chosen by the controlling regime. parties, trial of civilians in civil courts, pensable part of the life of the Greek Basic civil liberties have been sus­ and freedom of the press are still sus­ people. pended. Key tenets of the Constitution pended. And through the centuries, the heri­ assuring political freedom have not been During virtually the entire period that tage of liberty and learning which we implemented. the junta has controlled the country, the have come to identify as characteristic There have been widegpread political U.S. Government has imposed a heavy of the Hellen'ic ideal has served as a arrests and verified reports of torture. arms embargo on Greece. model for America. Martial law, instead of due process, is in But a recent report by investigators Mr. Speaker, ·as some of my colleagues effect for political offenses. from the staff of the Senate Foreign are aware, I have a highly personal link Freedom of the press is a phrase in­ Relations Committee points out-- with Greece. My father is a Greek im­ stead of a reality. The Greek press has Greece received even larger amounts of U.S. migrant; he was born in Greece and been severly restrained and intimidated military assistance, taking all categories com­ came to the United States some 55 yea.rs by the possibility of stern punishment bined, during the three years and five months ago. for the publication of material unfavor­ the embargo was in effect than in the equiva­ As my colleagues also know, I am deep­ able to the junta. lent period before the embargo was imposed. ly proud to be the firnt native-born Meanwhile, the military continues in American of Greek descent elected to 'the the ascendancy with government ex­ In announcing the lifting of the em­ Congress of the United States. penditures for defense and security pur­ bargo on September 22, 1970, the United Moreover, Mr. Speaker, I am delighted poses expected to double this year the States noted that "the trend toward a to be able to say that there are now four funds spent for the same purpose in 1966. constitutional order has been estab­ other Members of Congress with Greek Mr. Speaker, that this state of affairs lished." ancestry, and of course I refer to my should exist in Greece on the 150th an­ That, however, was followed by a De­ warm friends and distinguished col­ niversary of its independence is sad, cember 19, 1970, declaration by the Greek leagues, Congressmen PETER KYROS, of indeed. Government that there would be no Maine; NICK GALIFIANAKIS, of North Car­ I am, of course, aware that political change in the coming year in the con­ olina; Gus YATRON, of Pennsylvania; and problems are not new for Greece; that stitutional field. , of Maryland. They are in recent years the nation has been un­ On February 14, 1971, Assistant Secre­ among the ablest Members of the House settled by a succession of governments tary of State Joseph J. Sisco said: of Representatives. including dictatorships, democracies I think one must bear in mind that Greece I with and without monarchs, coups and ls a loyal NATO ally. The Greek people have So, Mr. Speaker, have always felt a a tremendous affection for America and the strong affinity with the land of my countercoups; that political freedom has American people. Greece is important to the father, and I have naturally followed the existed on a tenuous basis in a period of U.S. as part of the southern flank of NATO, course of events in Greece with very instability which has seen more than 40 and we have really tried to pursue a two­ great interoot. changes of government in Greece in the pronged policy, namely to support the pres­ And, Mr. Speaker, as I reflect on the past 30 years. ent leadership insofar as its responsib111ties 150th anniversary of Greek independ­ As C. L. Sulzberger noted in an article are concerned within the NATO framework, and we would hope that more progress in the ence, I find myself with very ambivalent in "Foreign Affairs" in January 1970: future can be made toward the establishment feelings. The current fashion is to decry the mmtary of democratic institutions. It is Written in Eoolesiast.es that "to coup as a rape of democracy. Indeed it was; every thing there is a season, and a time but democracy in Greece is no virgin. But this hope for progress in restoring to every purpose under heaven ... a time democracy in Greece--a hope, Mr. So, Mr. Speaker, I recognize that Speaker, I am sure I share with most to weep ·and a time to laugh; a time to Greece has a turbulent political back­ momn and,a time to dance." Americans-is not at all being effectively ground. Yet Prime Minister Constantine implemented by our Government. Indeed, For me, this 150th ranniversary of Karamanlis headed a parliamentary the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Greek independence seems to be a time democracy in Greece over a recent, con­ report concludes that America's "policy both to rejoice and oo mourn. tinuous span of 8 years. Clearly a stable, of friendly persuasion has clearly failed. We can rejoice over the great legacy democratic government in modern times The regime has accepted the friendship, that Greece has given mankind. We can is possible in Greece. and the military assistance, but has hail the concepts of democracy and inde­ Mr. Speaker, I am also aware that ignored the persuasion." pendence. Greece is an important ally for the Moreover, Mr. Speaker, the action of But, Mr. Speaker, if we are to be honest United States in the explosive Mediter­ the U.S. Department of State seems in with ourselves, we must also mourn the ranean area; that Greece is a valuable many instances to encourage the Greek loss of constitutional democracy and po­ member of NATO; that its government Government to continue its present litical freedom in that Nation today. is fiercely anti-Communist. course. Indeed, it is truly a modern Greek Mr. Speaker, no one recognizes more Officials of our Government issue ap­ tragedy that many liberties are missing than I the importance of maintaining proving statements, hold out false prom­ there today-liberties that we now enjoy cordial relations between the United ises, and offer little criticism of the sub­ in our own country W'hiclh were in large States and Greece. But I am disturbed, version of democracy there. In fact, measure spawned in Greece. as I know many Americans are, that American officials continue to add So, Mr. Speaker, I am deeply troubled, U.S. policies may be, albeit untentionally, to the aura of U.S. approval of the as I know many of my colleagues in both nurturing political repression there. junta through repeated public appear­ the House and Senate are, by the politi­ Furthermore, Mr. Speaker, first as a ances with members of the Greek Gov­ cal situation in Greece today. U.S. Congressman, and second as an ernment, thereby leading the Greek The military junta which seized •Power American of Greek origin, I find Amer­ people to believe that the United States in Greece in 1967 retains ostensibly good ica's posture today vis-a-vis Greece most condones the conduct of the regime in relations with the U.S. Government but ironic. suppressing democratic institutions. rules the country in a manner which does It is ironic because our Nation's early What should be the role of the United not live up to the ideaD.s of the North history carried a firm commitment on States regarding Greece? Atlantic Treaty Organization; namely, behalf of liberty in Greece, while our Mr. Speaker, let me here state that I 7994 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE March 25, 1971 do not suggest that the United States Whereas, the people of Greece and the peo­ infiuence of Greek architecture when should attempt to dictate policy for ple of the United States have always main­ they first enter our Nation's Capitol. tained the closest international friendship, This infiuence extends not only to the Greece. I nonetheless believe the time has and were allies in two World Wars: come for the U.S. Government to make Now, therefore be tt resolved, that the Government's buildings but to the roots it unmistakably clear to the Government House of Representatives of the United of our democracy. Our Founding Fathers of Greece that the policy of repression of States does hereby extend all good wishes were well educated in the classics, both constitutional democracy and self-gov­ to the people of Greece on this, their 150th in literature and theory of government. ernment is neither in keeping with the Anniversary of Independence from foreign When they set out to build a nation from longstanding friendship between our rule, and expresses its hope for a speedy 13 colonies they drew heavily from the countries nor with the very purpose of resumption of constitutional democracy and democratic traditions of Greece. the NA TO alliance. pollttca.I liberty for all the people of Greece. Unfortunately, progress and democracy Furthermore, the failure of the Gov­ Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, today is in Greece were not able to withstand the ernment of Greece to initiate elections Greek Independence Day. I take this op­ invasions and tyranny of other peoples. and to provide constitutional guarantees portunity to express my respect for the At times the peoples of Greece united to for personal and political freedom stands great contributions the Greeks have withstand the armies of Persia-but were in sharp contrast with the stated objec­ made to world civilization, and to reaf­ later conquered by the Macedonians un­ tives of reform which the junta pledged firm my affection for the Greek people. der Phillip and Alexander. The succes­ when it seized power 4 years ago. It is also the 150th anniversary of the sive invasions and occupations by Rome, Mr. Speaker, I believe the U.S. Govern­ beginning of the Greek revolution which and later by the barbarians from the ment should make emphatic its disaP­ overthrew four centuries of Ottoman north, infused many diverse and foreign proval of current political conditions in rule. How long will it be before the Greek infiuences into Greece. Finally, the Turk­ Greece. We should urge the present peeple regain their liberty stolen from ish invasion ended Greek independence Greek Government to restore to the peo­ them by the Greek military junta now for over 3 % centuries. ple of Greece constitutional democracy ruling that land? After several years of struggle a mod­ and political freedom in that great It is not our role, as Americans, to de­ ern, independent Greece was established country. pose the Greek junta. The people of in the mid-19th century. A monarchy The United States is in a position to Greece must do that. But, we must not was established with Prince Otto of be strongly persuasive: Because of the aid the military junta which we are do­ Bavaria chosen to rule Greece as king. long friendship between our countries, ing, by providing them with arms and Political instability was the mark of his because of our military support, and be­ economic aid used to oppress their own reign, and the national assembly and cause of our impact on the economy of people. constitution was the result of a bloodless Greece through trade and tourism. We should not require every country coup with the Bavarians being removed. Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I hope that to be made over in our own image, and After a year of anarchy Prince Wil­ at long last the United States Govern­ of course, we should note that, in the case liam of Denmark was placed on the ment will begin to use its influence to of Greece, it is the reverse situation for throne. He led the nation through a work for the early restoration of con­ we are modeled on its original democratic period of economic stability, social prog­ stitutional democracy and political free­ principles. But, we should never provide ress, and political calm that lasted un­ dom in Greece. support to a government that oppresses til the 20th century. Mr. Speaker, having expressed the its own people. The Young Turk revolt of 1909 and in­ hope that there will be continued friend­ Despite junta promises to end it, mar­ creased tensions in the Balkans involved ship between our countries and an early tial law remains in effect. There are no Greece in the Balkan wars of 1912-13, return to democracy in Greece, I would . elections, political parties are banned, in which Greece, Bulgaria, and Serbia like to close with the words of a great fundamental civil liberties are denied, defeated the Turks. As one of the Allied American President, James Monroe, who and our country bears some responsibil­ powers alined against the Germans and nearly a century and a half ago-in ity for this state of affairs. As the recent Turks in World War I, the Greeks were 1822-spoke for Greek independence in Senate Foreign Relations Committee offered support for the establishment of words which must haunt us today: staff report points out, the widespread an enclave on the Asia Minor coast, a re­ vival of the Ionian Greek presence of The mention of Greece fills the mind with impression in Greece that the junta has the most exalted sentiments, and arouses American approval is the junta's great­ centuries past. Unfortunately, they were in our bosoms the best feelings of which est asset. driven off and, later, a population ex­ our nature is susceptible. That such a coun­ Mr. Speaker, our continued support of change with Turkey brought 1,500,000 try should have been overwhelmed, and so that Greek junta shames us before every Asian Greeks to the peninsula. long hidden as it were, from the world under country maintaining its democratic form The period that followed was one of a gloomy despotism, has been a cause of un­ of government. When will it end? political instability. Finally the country ceasing and deep regret to generous minds was solidified enough to bravely resist tor ages pa.st . . . A strong hope is enter­ Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, today marks tained that these people will recover their the anniversary of Greek independence. the Fascist ultimatum for capitulation independence, and resume their equal sta­ March 25 is the date of the renewal of on October 28, 1940, a date remembered tion among the nations of the earth. the struggle of the Greek nation to be in the Okhi Day holiday which celebrates free of the bonds imposed by another Greek determination to remain free. Un­ Mr. Speaker, if one American Presi­ nation. The successfµl conclusion of that der the leadership of Gen. Alexandros dent could speak so eloquently in support struggle returned Greece to the family Papagos, the Greek Army stopped the of the independence of Greece from des­ of sovereign states. Italian advance and drove the Italians potism, 150 years ago, is it too much The contribution of Greece and her from Greek soil, only to be met by a new to ask that another American Presi­ sons to our civilization is incalculable. invasion by the Germans in 1941. This dent---and we in Congress-speak today The ideals and wisdom that ancient Hel­ forced King George II into exile. in that same cause? las gave the world have provided the The Greeks courageously resisted the Mr. Speaker, I am honored today to substance, the firm foundation, upon German occupation through noncooper­ introduce on behalf of myself and my which not only our own country, but our ation, which soon became guerrilla war­ distinguished colleagues, the gentleman civilization as a whole is based. The in­ fare. When the Germans withdrew in from Maine, Mr. KYRos; the gentleman fluence of Greece has prevailed in the 1944 the fight began against the Com­ from North Carolina, Mr. GALIFIANAKIS; arts, sciences, and humanities. munists. Elections reestablished the the gentleman from Pennsylvania, Mr. The epic legends of Homer present to monarchy and returned George II from YATRON; and the gentleman from Mary­ the world one of its most enduring sagas exile. President Truman assisted the fight land, Mr. SARBANES, the following resolu­ of man's struggle against himself, his against the foreign supported Commu­ tion: fellow man, the gods, and the forces of nists with the result that on October 16, Whereas, the date of March 25, 1821, ts nature. Greek myths and legends have 1949, the hostilities ended with the demo­ the date on which the people of Greece provided a great part of the body of cratic forces victorious. began their War of Independence against Turkish rule; and Western literature and music. The vital­ Greece became more international in Whereas, on March 25, 1971, the people of ity of Greek architecture, poetry, litera­ outlook during these years, joining NATO Greece will celebrate the 150th Anniversary ture, and thought attest to its greatness. in 1951, fighting in the Korean confilct of the 1821 Greek War of Independence; and No one can escape being struck by the of 1950-53, and signing in 1959 an agree- March 25, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 7995 ment with Turkey for the independence for conspiring to effect a royalist upris­ played a major part in committing the of Cyprus. During this period Greece was ing. Following his release in 1896, he was Islanders to an aooeptance of America, also enjoying both economic prosperity i:narried to Elizabeth Kah.a.nu Kaauwai, and converting them to passionate Amer­ and political freedom. daughter of a chief on Kauai. Three icanism. That Americanism promises to But tragically, on the night of April years later, the couple left Hawaii for an extend, undiminished, into perpetuity 21, 1967, a group of conservative army extended tour abroad, despairing of a under Hawaiian statehood-a dream officers seized control of the Government future in their own land. It was initially that Prince Kuhio did not live to see ful­ because they maintained the leftists were the purpose of the prince to remain in filled. planning to use .the upcoming elections exile for the rest of his life, but after 2 Truly, Kuhio was "Ke Alii Makaai­ to stage their own coup. Since that coup years he was persuaded to accept the new nana"-"A Prince of the People." the loss of democratic freedoms in order in Hawaii, and he thereupon re­ Greece is too familiar and too disturbing turned. to be recounted again here. At home again, he entered into politics, THE SEVENTH VIETNAM ROLL Mr. Speaker, that devotion to freedom becoming for a time .a member of the OF HONOR and democracy by both Americans of home rule party before declaring in favor The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Greek origin and by Greek citizens them­ of the Republicans. This switch in party previous order of the House, the gentle­ selves has not diminished at all since the affiliation occurred in 1902, in which year man from Illinois

Smith, Jimmy Don, Mountainburg. Wagner, John Lawrence, Dale City. Maseda, Gerald Lee, Miami. Upshaw, Olen Lee, Holly Grove. Wagner, Marvin Leroy, Elverta. McGuckin, Joseph, Apopka. White, Donald Nisler, Plumerville. Waldron, Duane Everett, Inglewood. McNutt, Frank Elliott, Tampa. Minear, Mark Wendell, Merritt Island. Marine Gorps Walker, Larry Allen, Dena.Ir. Ward, Robert William, Concord. Moore, Johnny Lee, Madison. Kimbrough, Harold Bruce, Batesville. Watson, J. V., Los Angeles. Parker, Otis, Green Cove Springs. CALIFORNIA Webster, Frank Anthony, Los Angeles. Porter, Sandy Hilly, Tampa. Pratt, David Alvin, Miami Lakes. Army Wheeler, Nicholas, San Diego. Young, Ronald Lee, Morongo Valley. Ravelo-Toribio, Elpldio J., Hialeah. Apellido, Raymond Hugh, Bakersfield. Zacharzuk, Michaiel Patrick, San Diego. Redding, Walter Lee, Lake . Arias, William Cip, Jr., National -Oity. Zerba, Douglas Paul, Napa. Roller, William Eugene, 8ebastian. Arnall, Robert C., Bell. Sawyer, William Lelon, Jr., Hollywood. Bainter, Neal Vincent, Orange. Air Force Schofield, Robert Louts, Mia.ml. Barrera, Jose Gilbert, Corcoran. Lundy, Albro Lynn, Jr., Sherman Oaiks. Scoville, Howard James, Hollywood. Baxley, Dennis Wayne, Orange. McGerty, Michael John, Fullerton. Shaw, Roy Edward, Jr., Bowling Green. Balct.er, Ivery Lee, Los Angeles. Vrabllck, Michael Stephen, Marysville. Sizemore, Robert Ralph, Jr., Lynn Haven. Bedra, Theodore Frank, Buena Park. Marine Gorps SZponder, Robert Allan, Miami Beach. Beltran, Robert Joseph, Los Angeles. Barnett, John Frank, Port Hueneme. Tanner, Kenneth Paul, Orlando. Bennett, Brian John, Stockton. Thigpen, Willie Junior, Ocala. Brown, Clemmie Jr., Dublin. Buttry, Richard Russell, Anaheim. Davis, William Stanley, Alhambra. Walker, Wlll1am Wayman, Jacksonville. Brown, Laurence Gordon, Fullerton. Washenlk, Gary Lee, Miami. Duemling, Ralph Nelson, South Pasadena. Burns, Ken Dwight, Norwalk. Williams, Pondextuer E., Ft. Pierce. Keller, Greg, Whittier. Campbell, James Lee, Northridge. Wooten, David Daryl, Coral Gables. Ketchum, WllUam Arnold, Jr., Littlerock. Carr, Roger James, Fullerton. York, Joel Craig, Fort Walton Beach. Chamberlain, Dale Stewart, Pasadena. Kindrick, Bryce Leroy, Torrance. Coe, Paul Thomas, Concord. La Rosa, Marion Dominic, San Jose. Air Force Denna, David Ra.m.1ro, Los Angeles. Munoz, Jose, Jr., Rowland Heights. Carter, Joseph Jr., Miami. Dick, M-.a.nuel Levi, Ooleville. Parsons, Henry Bennett, III, Fairfield. Marine Gorps Russell, Donnie Howard, Tracy. Dodge, Gregory AleXiS, Stock.ton. Amick, Timothy David, St. Petersburg. Emerine, Jerry Owen, Benicia. Standring, Lauren Walter, Reseda. Gray, Bobby Elmer, Tampa. Filippi, Gerald Fran'cis, San Jose. Navy Fitzsimmons, Patrick G., Ventura. Lefller, Richard John, Miami. Drake, John De Witt, Stockton. Maninger, Raymond Marcille, Jacksonville. Ford, Erurl Eugene, Susanville. Pedersen, William A., La Canada. Frazier, Rex Leonard, Sonora. Va'cenovsky, Dennis Edward, Brooksville. Gage, Mioh:ael Arthur, Gerber. COLORADO Watts, Richard Joe, West Hollywood. Gleim, Arthur Frederick, Jr., Aptos. Army Navy Griggs, Steven Thomas, Atwater. Carter, James William, Denver. Bomar, Frank Willis, Miami. Guenther, Bert Marrion, Jr., West Covina.. Casler, Joseph Duane, Colorado Springs. Young, Robert Earl, Orlando. Gurnias, Nichalas Perez, Hollister. Hainlng, Paul Linn, Placervllle. Hargraves, Murvyn Eugene, Sa.nta Maria. GEORGIA Helms, John Ray, Littleton. Army Hernandez, Ramon Antonio, McFa.rlantl. Marchesi, Jimmy Eugene, Littleton. Holt, Raymond Clyde, Antioch. Parmentier, Roger David, Littleton. Allen, Gus, Atlanta. Hooper, John Joseph, Ventura. Sanchez, Nick Enrique, Chama. Fouche, Paul Jerry, Macon. Hunt, John Stuart, Santa Ana. Smith, Dennis Miehe.el, Aurora. Gentry, Dennis Wayne, Athens. Jensen, Michael Oha.rles, 8alll. Francisco. Sullivan, William Lee, Denver. Lightsey, John Henry, Odum. Jernigan, Mark Thomas, Imperial. Thaden, Gary Dennis, Brighton. Mears, Guy (Lamar, Jr., Ro'ckmart. Kappmeyer, Theodore C., San Jose. Vestal, Steve Alan, Denver. Vavrin, Frank Neal, Augusta. Kloss, Thomas Donald, Los Angeles. Walner, Walter Lewis, Stapleton. Air Force Koonce, Robert Edmund, San Diego. Marine Gorps Kotarski, Vinoent R., Jr., Paramount. Helwig, Roger Danny, Colorado Springs. Kuersten., Jeffery David, San Jose. Stearns, Roger Horace, Boulder. Ma.nae, Don, Fargo. Nori.en, John Emory, Ft. Ogelthorpe. Lawrence, Tory Drake, Murphys. Marine Gorps Lopez, George Leonard, Ba.nning. Pierce, Robert James, Ft. Gains. Lopez, John Edward Jr., San Jose. Pappenheim, Thomas Henry, Eaton. Soott, Johnny Fred, Americus. Sievers, John Robert, Gunnison. Lucas, .An:dre Oavaro, Sa.n. Diego. HAWAII Lunia, Joe, Jr., Azusa. CONNECTICUT Army Mathern, Edward Gerard, Corona. Army Johnson, Steve Freddie, Kailua. Kona. Meador, Larry Joe, Cs.rm.ichael. Harris, Roy Edward, Bridgeport. Riveira, Robert Charles, Honolulu. Morgans, Christopher W., Redlands. Malcolm, John Daniel, Middlefield. Nelson, Benjamin Roy, Jr., Los Angeles. IDAHO Parsons, Clifford E., Jr., Milford. Nunez Jesus Carlos, Los Angeles. Repole, Richard Glenn, Danbury. Army Padilla, Eddie Jack, Stevinson. Silverman, Sheldon, Waterford. Blenkinsop, Will'ia.m Darwin, Coeur D' Perry, Casey Clayton, Los Angeles. Stoddard, Norman R., Jr., Kent. Alene. Petandvich, Nicholas C., Lompoc. Mapes, Eddie D., Kootenai. DELAWARE Prater, Donald Harold, El Cerrito. Mitchell, John E. s., Jr., American Fa.lls. Premenko, John Al, Pacifica. Army Nelson, Robert William, Rigby. Pritchard, Clarence R., Jr., Lompoc. Aikin, George Lee, Wilmington. Shiefer, John Frederick, Boise. Ramirez, Eduardo Cruz, Canoga Park. Jones, William Edward, Millsboro. ILLINOIS Rasey, Larry Wayne, Taft. Moses, Jesse Lee, Wilmington. Remelts, Wtlliam Henry II, Wilmington. Army DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Reyes, 'Edward Thomas, San Leandro. Avery, Don Wayne, Chicago. Rocha, Robert Silas, Los Angeles. Army Babich, John Michael, Franklin Grove. Rolla.son, Williaim David, Riverside. Austin, Paul Jasper, Jr., Washington. Baum, Michael Edward, Decatur. Runge, Robert Carl, Mountain View. Williams, Raymond Leon, Washington. Benoist, William F., m, Winnetka. Sayers, David William, Simi. FLORIDA Bohan, Patrick Jobn, Peoria. Scanlon, W1lliam Manuel, Los Banos. Bollman, Robert NortnaAil, Springfield. Schoepke, Anton John, Goleta. Army Boyer, Janies Alan, Ka.nsas. Sears, Gordon Bert, Los Molinos. Aaron, Eugene Allen, Tampa. Brass, Paul Robert, St. Charles. Settle, W1lliam Foy, Richmond. Batcher, Larry Gene, Naples. Busch, Er'lc Peter, Chicago. Silve.r, Gareth MacKenzie, Pa.lo Alto. Bean, John Robert, ·Parker. Clymer, Dennis Lee, Eureka. Singleton, Gerald Blaine, J:ndio. Bregler, John Ramsey, Lake City. Colford, Darrell Lee, West Ohicago. Stephens, Boyd Adam, Jr., Mendota. Bryant, John Darrall, Miami. Connor, Paitrick James, Glenview. Sul11van, Thomas Howard, Los Angeles. Chamblee, William Donald, Leisure City. Edgren, Thomas Gordon, Libertyville. Swarbrick, Laiwrence Gordon, Pismo Beach. Diehl, Stanley Gene, Treasure Ialand. Ervin, John Lee, Springfield. Taylor, Larry Gene, El Cajon. Durden, Troy, Orlando. Feezell, Dan Guinn, Wilmington. Vandiver, Fred Gerald, Riverside. Fred.a, Robert, Mlaml. Felkia.m.p, Ronald Allen, Chicago. Velasquez, Robert, Los Angeles. Hadden, Herbert Michael, Bradenton. Frossard, W:11liam John, Chicago. Vesey, Jerrold Louis, Palo Alto. Harp, William, Pompano Beach. Glassford, Gary Bruce, Flora. V1Ualobos, Paul Rubio, Los Angeles. Helle, Henry Nicholas II, West Palm Beach. Guimond, Paul Gerald, Chicago. Vullo, Michael Phillip, Alhambra. Herring, John Wlllle, Sanford. Hart, Robert William, ChicagQ. Wadsworth, John Lanier, San Diego. Johnson, Gordon Michael, Oviedo. Herington, John Donovan, Washburn. OXVII-504-Part 6 7998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 25, 1971 Herring, Thomas Forest, Lombard. Stone, Forest Michael, Oaklandon. Geer, Robel't Sampson, Elizabethtown. Housman, Robert Charles, Bradley. Tharp, Paul Arnold, Kirklin. Hockensmith, David Baker, Frankfort. Jeters, Darold, Chicago. Tunny, Nicholas Randle, Osgood. Inmann, Harry Charles, ID, Louisville. JohnSIOn, Miob.ael Kirk, Al'l;l()n. Valentine, Donald Lynn, Lafayette. Johnson, Nich9las G., Sr., New Haven. Juarez, Mateo, Joliet. Warner, Wilfred Wesley Jr., Mishawaka. Johnson, Paul Allen, New Haven. Kairtsznia, Leszek 1Stamey, Ohicago.· - Waymire, Michael Karl, Macy. Jones, Marshall Keene, Campbellsvme. Kelton, Richard Lane, Ohica:go. Webb, Mark James, Hobart. Ka.vich, Robert Dale, Jeffersontown. Knox, Leonard Wayne, sterli!.ng. Willis, Steven Craig, Hammond. Marcum, Wailter Vernon, Louisville. !Jak:wa, Edward John, Ohica.go. Air Force Nolen, Kenneth Joe; Manchester. :Lyons, Willdam. Periry, Lornlbard. Bancroft, William W. Jr., .polls. Norrenbrock, William A., Louisville. Ma!Ckey, Larry Ahlen, Polo. Ratliff, Billy Harrison, Pomeroy,ton. Magnuson, David Ja.ck, Ohioa.go. Marine Corps Riay, William Clay.ton, De Mossv1lle. Min'Clock, Rdoha.Td William, otite..wa. Daulton, William Manson, Medora. Risinger, Gerald Lee, Jeffersontown. Mucci, John Rocco, Chlca1go. Frakes, Wllliam Douglas, Boonville. Schneider, Gary Lee, Newport. Olson, MM"k Allen, Plano. Musselman, James Kevin, Fort Wayne. Sharp, Stephen Allen, Sebree. PaJoowski, Richard Wayne, Ohfoago. Navy Taylor, Harry Eugene, Louisvtt.lle. Quick, Michael Edward, Wauconda. Toler, David Brnce, Ashland. Rajcevac, Hans AnltJhony, Chicago. Gish, Calvin Robert, Highland. Williamson, Pete Ellis, River. Ralmm, FerenJc Jdhn, Danville. Hunt, James Robert, Columbus. Wright, Phillip Gerald, Ashland. Rankll.ns, Sa.muaol -Kaye, Chicago. Prchlik, Wllliam Cl:larles, Knox. Marine Corps Reed, Rilchard Leon, Rook Olty. Army Sandoval, Heotor Montalvo, Ch:icago. Cox, Charles Wllldam, Louisville. Ahart, Wllliam Junior, Crown Point. Crisp, Thomas Mikell, Hopkinsville. Scarbrough, Roger Allen, Dixon. Alexander, James Hines, Lizton. Simmons, Elroy, East St. Louis. Justice, Don McClelland, Pikeville. Barnett, Carl Taylor, Bluffton. Seymore, Richard Morris, Princeton. Soto, Joseph Martinez, Chicago. Baum, David Michale, Crown Point. Sprlinger, TimdOhy MiClbael, Chicago. Brittain, Joseph Bruce, Bloomington. LOUISIANA Stearns, Frank Edwin, Carbondale. Buchanan, John Gary, Evansville. Army Troianello, Clement Joseph, Chicago. Cook, Donald Warren, Avilla. Brown, Jam.es, Jr., Port Allen. Trygg, Stanley H~b&rit, Jr., Jolielt. Craig, Dickey, Madison. 'Utecht, Rdbert Stephen, Des Ple.1nes. Converson, Tyrone, New Orleans. Creamer, Charles F. III, South Bend. - Duplechain, Andrus Floyd, Eunice. Wehrheim, Oharles George, Clllica~. "\ Dulin, Zettie J. C., Brazil. Wiiddows, John W!lllle.m, Ohicago. Emanuel, Wllliia.m Frederick, Shreveport. WilMaJms, Gary Rdberlt, Ou'ba. IOWA Garnett, Isiaih Calvin, New Orleans. Wolters, Theodore Anthony, New Baden. Army Johnston, Billy Neal, J

VIRGINIA Air Force man from Utah

RECEIVED FROM THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL Mr. MANN: Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. CORMAN: H.R. 6752. A bill to amend the Internal 472. A letter from the Comptroller Gen­ R.R. 2132. A bill for the relief of Cmdr. Albert G. Berry, Jr.; (Rept. 92-74). Referred to the Revenue Code of 1954 to clarify the status of eral of the United States, transmitting a. certain oil well service equipment under report on the evaluation of results and ad­ Committee of the Whole House. Mr. DONOHUE. Committee on the Judi­ subchapter iD of chapter 36 of such code (re­ ministraition of the job opportunities in the lating to tax on the use of certain vehicles): business sector (JOBS) program in five cities. ciary. H.R. 2400. A bill for the relief of David Z. Glassman; (Rept. No. 92-75). Re­ to the Committee on Ways and Means. Department of Labor; to the Committee on By Mr. DUNCAN: Government Operations. ferred to the Committee of the Whole House Mr. SMITH of New York: Committee on H .'R. 6753. A blll to support the price of 473. A letter from the Comptroller Gen­ manufacturing milk at not less than 85 per­ eral of the United States, transmitting a. the Judiciary. H.R. 2816. A blll for the relief of Rose Minutillo; (Rept. No. 92-76). Referred cent of parity for the marketing year 1971- report that more competition in emergency 72; to the Committee on Agriculture. defense procurement by the Department of to the Committee of the Whole House. Mr. WALDIE: Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 6754. A bill to extend to all unmar­ Defense is found possible; to the Committee ried individuals the full ta.x benefits of in­ on Government Operations. R.R. 3475. A bill for the relief of Paul An­ thony Kelly; (Rept. No. 92-77). Referred to come splitting now enjoyed by married in­ 474. A letter from the Comptroller Gen­ dividuals filing jo'lnt returns; to the com­ eral of the United States, transmitting a the Committee of the Whole House. Mr. FLOWERS: Committee on the Judici­ mittee on Ways and Means. report and recommendation concerning the H.R. 6755. A !bill to amend the Intern&l claim of Salman M. Hilmy against the United ary. H.R. 4327. A bill for the relief of Robert L. Stevenson; (Rept. No. 92-78). Referred to Revenue Code of 1954 to provide that pe­ States, pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 236; to the riodic assistance payments ma.de •by the Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee of the Whole House. Mr. SMITH of New York: Committtee on United States on !behalf of homeowners and the Judiciary. H.R. 5419. A bill for the relief cooperative members under section 235 of of Corbie F. Cochran, Jr.; (Rept. No. 92-79). the Nationa.l Housing Act siball not :be de­ REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUB­ ductL'ble as interest; :to the Committee on LIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. Ways and Means. Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of Mr. SMITH of New York: Committee on H.IR. 6756. A b'lll to amend the Internal the Judiciary. H.R. 5422. A bill for the re­ Revenue Code of rn54 and ·title II of the So­ committees were delivered to the Clerk cial Security Act to provide a full exemption for printing and reference to the proper lief of the American Journal of Nursing; (Rept. No. 92-80). Referred to the Commit­ (through credit or (l"efund) from the em­ calendar, as follows: tee of the Whole House. ployees' tax under .the Federal Insure.nee Mr. DONOHUE: Committee on the Judi­ Contributions Act, and an equivalent reduc­ ciary. R.R. 4209. A bill to amend the Revised tion in the self-employment tax, in the case Organic Act of the Virgin Islands; (Rept. No. of individuals who have attained age 65; to 92-67). Referred to the Committee of the PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS the Committee on Ways and Means. Whole House on the State of the Union. H.R. 6757. A bill to amend title II of the Mr. MANN: Committee on the Judiciary. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, public Socia.I Security Act to reduce from 20 to 10 H.R. 5814. A bill to amend section 2735 of title bills and resolutions were introduced and years the length of time a divorced woman's 10, United States Code, to provide for the severally referred as follows: marnage to a.n. insured J.ndividual must !have finality of settlement effected under section By Mr. ABOUREZK (for himself and lasted in order for her to qualify for wife's 2733, 2734, 2734a, 2734b, or 2737; without Mr. DENHOLM) : or widow's benefits on his wage record; to amendment (Rept. No. 92-68). Referred to R.R. 6745. A bill to amend section 122 of the Committee on Ways and Means. the Committee of the Whole House on the title 28 of the United States Code to transfer By Mr. EDWARDS of California: State of the Union. certain of the Central Division of the Judicial H.R. 6758. A bill to provide for the creation Mr. POAGE: Committee on Agriculture. District of South Dakota; to the Commilttee of an authority to be known as the Reel~ H.R. 5981. A bill to authorize .the Secretary on the Judiciary. ma.tlon Lands Authority to carry out the con­ of Agriculture to establish feed grain bases, By Mr. ANDREWS of Alabama.: gr.essionru intent respecting the excess land wheat domestic allotments, and upland H.R. 6746. A bill to support the price of provisions of the Federal Reclamation Act of cotton base acreage allotments for certain manufacturing milk at not less than 85 per­ June 17, 1902; to the Committee on Interior growers of sugarbeets; with amendment cent of parity for the marketing year 1971- anci Insular Affairs. (Rept. No. 92-81). Referred to the Committee 72; to the Committee on Agriculture. By Mr. EILBERG: of the Whole House on the State of the By Mr.BOW: H.R. 6759. A b'lll to provide for the estab­ UDJilQil. H.R. 6747. A blll to provide private sector lishment of the Thaddeus Kosciuszko Home Mr. HEBERT: Committee on Armed Serv­ financing of the prototype construction of National Historic Site in the Staite of Penn­ ices. H.R. 6531. A •bill to amend the Military a commercial supersonic transport airplane, sylvania, ia.nd for other purposes; to the Ooni­ Selective Service Act of 1967; to increase mili­ and for other purposes; to the Committee mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. tary pay; to authorize miUtary active duty on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. ERLENBORN (for himself, Mr. strengths for fiscal year 1972; and for other By Mr. BRADEMAS (for himself, Mr. Qun:, Mr. BELL, Mr. DELLENBACK, Mr. purposes; with amendment (Rept. No. 92- REID of New York, Mrs. MINK, Mr. ESCH, Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin, Mr. 82). Referred to the Committee of the Whole QUIE, Mr. MEEDS, Mr. DELLENBACK, HANSEN of Idaho, Mr. FORSYTHE, and House on the State a! the Union. Mr. ScHEUER, Mr. HANSEN of Idaho, Mr. VEYSEY) : Mr. BELL, and Mr. CLAY): H.R. 6760. A bill to further promote equal H.R. 6748. A bill to provide a. comprehen­ employment opportunities for American REPORTS OF CO:MMITTEES ON PRI­ sive child development program in the De­ workers; to the Committee on Educa.tion and VATE BILLS AND RE.SOLUTIONS partment of Health, Education, and Wel­ Labor. fare; to the Committee on Education and By Mr. GERALD R. FORD: Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of Labor. H.R. 6761. A bill to protect the public committees were deliiyered. to the Clerk By Mr. CARINEY: health and welfare and the environment for printing and reference to the proper H.R. 6749. A bill to amend the Rail Pas­ through improved regulation of pesticides, calendar, as follows: senger Service Act of 1970 to require inter­ and for other purposes; to the Comm.11ttee on rail Agriculture. Mr. SMITH of New York: Com.tDlittee on city passenger service between New York, the Judiciary. H.R. 1824. A bill for the relief N.Y., and Chicago, Ill., via Youngstown, Ohio, H.R. 6762. A blll to a.mend the Military of Clinton M. Hoose; with amendment (Rept. and also between Washington, D.C., and Chi­ Select4ve Service Act of 1967, and for other No. 92-69). Referred to the Committee of the cago, Ill., via Youngstown, Ohio;

SENATE-Thursday, March 25, 1971 The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was Wednesday, March 24, 1971, be dispensed individuals who are not blind, and for called to order by the Acting President with. other purposes, was considered, ordered pro tempore (Mr. METCALF) . The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ to be engrossed for a third reading, read The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. the third time, and passed, as follows: L. R. Elson, DD., offered the following prayer: s. 557 COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING Be it enacted by the Senate and House O God, holy and just, who exaltest a SENATE SESSION of Representatives of the United States of nation that follows the way of righteous­ Amertca in Congress assembled, That the Act ness, we pray for our leaders and our Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I entitled "An Act to create a Committee on people that this Nation may become ask unanimous consent that all commit­ Purchase of Blind-Made Products, an-tl. for worthy of Thy gracious favor. Deliver tees may be authorized to meet during other purposes", approved June 25, 1938 ( 52 us from pride and greed, from avarice the session of the Senate today. Stat. 1196; 41 U.S.C. 46-48), is amended by and prejudice, from ill will and discord. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ striking out all after the enacting clause and inserting in lieu of the matter stricken the Inspire in us such a love of our neigh­ pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. following: "That there is hereby created a bor and concern for one another's wel­ committee to be known as the Committee fare that we shall work together with CALENDAR for Purchase of Products and Services of the one heart and will to secure a just re­ THE Blind and Other Severely Handicapped (here­ ward and the opportunity for the good Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask inafter referred to as the 'Committee') to life for all. unanimous consent that the Senate pro­ be composed of two private citizens conver­ Teach us to serve Thee as we ought, ceed to the consideration of the calendar, sant with the problems incident to the em­ ployment of blind and other severely handi­ to give rather than to get, to minister and that it consider Calendar Nos. 46, 47, capped individuals and a representative of and not be ministered unto, to spend our and 48. each of the following Government depart­ lives for others, and in everything to The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ ments or agencies: The Department of Agri­ know and to do Thy will. pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. culture, the Department of Defense, the De­ Through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. paritment of the Army, the Department of the Navy, the Department of the Air Force, WAGNER-O'DAY ACT AMENDMENTS the Department of Health, Education, and THE JOURNAL OF 1971 Welfare, the Department of Commerce, the Department of the Interior, the Department Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask The bill