Pilgrimage to France in the Footsteps of St. Joan of Arc with Fr
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Carolingian, Romanesque, Gothic
3 periods: - Early Medieval (5th cent. - 1000) - Romanesque (11th-12th cent.) - Gothic (mid-12th-15th cent.) - Charlemagne’s model: Constantine's Christian empire (Renovatio Imperii) - Commission: Odo of Metz to construct a palace and chapel in Aachen, Germany - octagonal with a dome -arches and barrel vaults - influences? Odo of Metz, Palace Chapel of Charlemagne, circa 792-805, Aachen http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=pwIKmKxu614 -Invention of the uniform Carolingian minuscule: revived the form of book production -- Return of the human figure to a central position: portraits of the evangelists as men rather than symbols –Classicism: represented as roman authors Gospel of Matthew, early 9th cent. 36.3 x 25 cm, Kunsthistorische Museum, Vienna Connoisseurship Saint Matthew, Ebbo Gospels, circa 816-835 illuminated manuscript 26 x 22.2 cm Epernay, France, Bibliotheque Municipale expressionism Romanesque art Architecture: elements of Romanesque arch.: the round arch; barrel vault; groin vault Pilgrimage and relics: new architecture for a different function of the church (Toulouse) Cloister Sculpture: revival of stone sculpture sculpted portals Santa Sabina, Compare and contrast: Early Saint-Sernin, Toulouse, Rome, 422-432 Christian vs. Romanesque France, ca. 1070-1120 Stone barrel-vault vs. timber-roofed ceiling massive piers vs. classical columns scarce light vs. abundance of windows volume vs. space size Saint-Sernin, Toulouse, Roman and Romanesque Architecture France, ca. 1070-1120 The word “Romanesque” (Roman-like) was applied in the 19th century to describe western European architecture between the 10th and the mid- 12th centuries Saint-Sernin, Toulouse, France, ca. 1070-1120 4 Features of Roman- like Architecture: 1. round arches 2. -
Paris History Early History Julius Caesar Conquered Paris in 52 BC It
Paris History Early History Julius Caesar conquered Paris in 52 B.C. It was then a fishing village, called Lutetia Parisiorum (the Parisii were a Gallic tribe), on the Île de la Cité. Under the Romans the town spread to the left bank and acquired considerable importance under the later emperors. The vast catacombs under Montparnasse and the baths (now in the Cluny Mus.) remain from the Roman period. Legend says that St. Denis, first bishop of Paris, was martyred on Montmartre (hence the name) and that in the 5th cent. St. Geneviève, the patron saint of Paris, preserved the city from destruction by the Huns. On several occasions in its early history Paris was threatened by barbarian and Norman invasions, which at times drove the inhabitants back to the Île de la Cité. Clovis I and several other Merovingian kings made Paris their capital; under Charlemagne it became a center of learning. In 987, Hugh Capet, count of Paris, became king of France. The Capetians firmly established Paris as the French capital. The city grew as the power of the French kings increased. In the 11th cent. the city spread to the right bank. During the next two centuries—the reign of Philip Augustus (1180–1223) is especially notable for the growth of Paris—streets were paved and the city walls enlarged; the first Louvre (a fortress) and several churches, including Notre-Dame, were constructed or begun; and the schools on the left bank were organized into the Univ. of Paris. One of them, the Sorbonne, became a fountainhead of theological learning with Albertus Magnus and St. -
Laon Cathedral • Early Gothic Example with a Plan That Resembles Romanesque
Gothic Art • The Gothic period dates from the 12th and 13th century. • The term Gothic was a negative term first used by historians because it was believed that the barbaric Goths were responsible for the style of this period. Gothic Architecture The Gothic period began with the construction of the choir at St. Denis by the Abbot Suger. • Pointed arch allowed for added height. • Ribbed vaulting added skeletal structure and allowed for the use of larger stained glass windows. • The exterior walls are no longer so thick and massive. Terms: • Pointed Arches • Ribbed Vaulting • Flying Buttresses • Rose Windows Video - Birth of the Gothic: Abbot Suger and St. Denis Laon Cathedral • Early Gothic example with a plan that resembles Romanesque. • The interior goes from three to four levels. • The stone portals seem to jut forward from the façade. • Added stone pierced by arcades and arched and rose windows. • Filigree-like bell towers. Interior of Laon Cathedral, view facing east (begun c. 1190 CE). Exterior of Laon Cathedral, west facade (begun c. 1190 CE). Chartres Cathedral • Generally considered to be the first High Gothic church. • The three-part wall structure allowed for large clerestory and stained-glass windows. • New developments in the flying buttresses. • In the High Gothic period, there is a change from square to the new rectangular bay system. Khan Academy Video: Chartres West Facade of Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France (begun 1134 CE, rebuilt after 1194 CE). Royal Portals of Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France (begun 1134 CE, rebuilt after 1194 CE). Nave, Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France (begun 1134 CE, rebuilt after 1194 CE). -
Marketing Fragment 6 X 10.Long.T65
Cambridge University Press 0521853591 - The Cambridge History of Warfare Edited by Geoffrey Parker Index More information Index Abrams, Creighton (American general, aircraft carriers, 251; American (1930s), Vietnam War), 381 320; American (World War II), 356; Actium, battle of (31 BC), 427 Japanese (World War II), 355 Adrianople; battle of (AD 378), 63; Aisne offensive (1918), 283, 305 most fought-over town in history, Aix-la-Chapelle, treaty of (1748), 183, 427 184 Aelian (Tactics), 4, 157, 417, 431 Alans, 64 Aemilius Paulus (Roman general), 40 Alba, duke of, 5, 152, 155 Aeschylus on the Persian wars, 23, 25 Alberich (German withdrawal, 1917), Aetius (Roman general), 62, 63 298 Afghanistan’s democratic election. See Alberti, Leon Battista, on angled also al-Qaeda; Laden, Osama Bin, defences, 106 407 Alexander the Great, 3, 71, 98, 418 Agesilaus (Spartan general), 26, 37 Alexius (east Roman emperor), 79 aggression in the western military Alfonso X of Castile (Siete Partidas), 99 tradition, 6, 10, 414, 416, 418, Alfred the Great, 72, 76 425 Algerian War (1954–62), 372–374 Agincourt, battle of (1415), 88, 89 Algonkians, 139 agrarian warfare, 25, 30; Bronze-Age, Aljubarrota, battle of (1385), 85 18; hoplite, 18, 19, 21, 22; Roman Allerheim, battle of (1645), 160 militias, 49 Alma, battle of (1854), 222 air attacks; Gulf War, 392; Six Day War, Almagro, Diego de (Spanish 386; Vietnam War, 377–378, 380, conquistador), 139, 140 381; World War I, 309; World War al-Qaeda, 412. See also Laden, Osama II, 334, 351, 354, 357, 364; Yom Bin, 403; America strikes back, Kippur War, 387 406–412; America under attack, Air Corps Tactical School (USA), 319 403–406; Madrid explosion, 411 air defence,319, 387, 392; British Alvarez de Toledo, Don Fernando. -
FRANCE June 2019 As of 21Dec2018
FRANCE Reims, Le Puy, Paris Notre-Dame de Reims June 18 - 27, 2019 Join Cretin-Derham Hall Alumni on this once-in-a-lifetime Lasallian / Sisters of St. Joseph Pilgrimage Tour to France. We will “Walk in the Footsteps of our Founders - The Christian Brothers and The Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet”. Our trip will include overnight stays in Reims, Le Puy, and Paris along with visits to Liesse and Rouen. This fully escorted, all-inclusive, private tour will include the important historic sites associated with the life of St. Jean-Baptiste de La Salle and The Sisters of St. Joseph. *Sample Itinerary / Overnight City / Activities Tuesday, June 18: Depart Minneapolis for Paris (flight below) Wednesday, June 19: Reims - Arrive Paris! Transfer to Reims + Lunch + Visit to the Motherhouse of the Sisters of the Child Jesus + Visit Lasallian School Thursday, June 20: Reims - Guided tours to include: Founder’s House/The Hotel de La Cloche Museum + Reims Cathedral + College des Bons Enfants + St. Maurice + Basilica of St. Remi + Lunch + Time to Explore on your own Friday, June 21: Reims - Day Trip to Liesse / Option to walk 3 miles in to Liesse + Lunch + Visit burial site of Blessed Brother Arnold Reche returning to Reims Saturday, June 22: Le Puy - Depart Reims + Stop en route Dijon + Lunch at La Dame d’Aquitaine + Continue transfer to Le Puy + Hotel Check-in Sunday, June 23 Le Puy - Sisters of the Child Jesus Tour Monday, June 24: Paris - Depart Le Puy + stop en route Tuesday, June 25: Paris - Walking tour of Lasallian Paris - Visit St. -
The Dredgings October 2020
October,2020 Volume 32,Issue 1,AS LV Being the Voiceofthe Barony ofLochmere in the KingdomofAtlantia, SCA,Inc. Insidethis issue Arts and Sciences....................3 Composerʼs Corner ................7 Foodfor Thought ...................8 History Highlights................... 9 Table of Contents Their Excellencies..............................2 Lochmere Calendar of Events........2 Atlantia Calendar of Events ............2 Information on the Dredgings.......2 Attention Lochmere Officers..........2 This Month in History .......................3 Help Wanted ........................................3 Arts and Sciences...............................3 New Member Information ...............4 Baronial Reoccurring Activities ....4 Their Excellencies Populace Meeting Minutes..............4 Composersʼ Corner...........................7 Food for Thought...............................8 History Highlights..............................9 To the Populace of Lochmere, Greetings! Lochmere Officers Listing............10 Lochmere Baronial Champions ..10 Information of the Dredgings Sarra and I have been keeping busy with projects around the The Dredgings is a publication of the Barony of Lochmere of the house, some SCAdian, some mundane. We are doing what we Society of Creative Anachronism, Inc. The Dredgings is a free can while we all are in this period of sequester. When you get a publication and is available electronically. You may request a chance please share your projects that you are working on. copy from the Barony of Lochmere Chronicler at We would -
Saint Joan Timeline Compiled by Richard Rossi
1 Saint Joan Timeline Compiled by Richard Rossi A certain understanding of the historical background to Saint Joan is necessary to fully understand the various intricacies of the play. As an ocean of ink has been spilled by historians on Joan herself, I shall not delve too deeply into her history, keeping closely to what is relevant to the script. My dates, which may not necessarily match those that Shaw used, are the historically accepted dates; where there is discrepancy, I have notated. In some cases, I have also notated which characters refer to certain events in the timeline. There is a great deal of history attached to this script; the Hundred Years War was neither clean nor simple, and Joan was, as The Inquisitor says, “...crushed between these mighty forces, the Church and the Law.” 1st Century: Saint Peter founds the Catholic Church of Rome. (Warwick mentions St. Peter) 622: Establishment of Mohammad’s political and religious authority in Medina. (Cauchon mentions the prophet) 1215: The Waldensian movement, founded by Peter Waldo around 1170, is declared heretical at the Fourth Lateran Council. The movement had previously been declared heretical in 1184 at the Synod of Verona, and in 1211 80+ Waldensians were burned at the stake at Strausbourg. This was one of the earliest proto-Protestant groups and was very nearly destroyed. 1230’s: Establishment of the Papal Inquisition, which would later prosecute the trial against Joan of Arc. (Mentioned by Warwick. This is the same inquisition mentioned throughout the script) 1328: Charles IV of France dies without a male heir, ending the Capetian Dynasty and raising some very serious questions regarding the right of inheritance. -
Mont Saint-Michel, France
Mont Saint-Michel, France The beautiful Mont Saint-Michel at night The timeless treasure of Mont Saint-Michel rises from the sea like a fantasy castle. This small island, located off the coast in northern France, is attacked by the highest tides in Europe. Aubert, Bishop of Avranches, built the small church at the request of the Archangel Michael, chief of the ethereal militia. A small church was dedicated on October 16, 709. The Duke of Normandy requested a community of Benedictines to live on the rock in 966. It led to the construction of the pre-Romanesque church over the peak of the rock. The very first monastery buildings were established along the north wall of the church. The 12th century saw an extension of the buildings to the west and south. In the 14th century, the abbey was protected behind some military constructions, to escape the effects of the Hundred Years War. However, in the 15th century, the Romanesque church was substituted with the Gothic Flamboyant chancel. The medieval castle turned church has become one of the important tourist destinations of France. The township consists of several shops, restaurants, and small hotels. Travel Tips Remember that the tides here are very rough. Do not try to walk over sand as it is dangerous. Get the help of a guide if you wish to take a stroll over the tidal mudflats. The Mount has steep steps; climb carefully. Mont St-Michel Location Map Facts about Mont St-Michel The Mont St-Michel and its Bay were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. -
Real Ideal Photography in France, 1847–1860
REAL IDEAL PHOTOGRAPHY IN FRANCE, 1847–1860 1. Henri Le Secq 2. Édouard Baldus French, 1818–1882 French, born Germany, 1813–1889 Small Dwelling in Mushroom Cave, 1851 Tour Saint-Jacques, Paris, 1852–1853 Salted paper print from a paper negative Salted paper print from a paper negative Image: 35.1 x 22.7 cm (13 13/16 x 8 15/16 in.) Image: 42.9 x 34 cm (16 7/8 x 13 3/8 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles 84.XP.370.24 84.XM.348.4 3. Henri Le Secq 4. Charles Nègre French, 1818–1882 French, 1820–1880 South Porch, Central Portal, Chartres Cathedral, 1852 Notre–Dame, Paris, about 1853 Waxed paper negative Waxed paper negative Image: 34 x 24 cm (13 3/8 x 9 7/16 in.) Image: 33.6 x 24 cm (13 1/4 x 9 7/16 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles 2015.39.1 2015.43.1 TRUST/horizontal.ai 6/8 point The J. Paul Getty Trust 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 403 Tel 310 440 7360 [email protected] Communications Department Los Angeles, CA 90049-1681 www.getty.edu 7/9 point The J. Paul Getty Trust 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 403 Tel 310 440 7360 [email protected] Communications Department Los Angeles, CA 90049-1681 www.getty.edu 8/10 point The J. Paul Getty Trust 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 403 Tel 310 440 7360 [email protected] Communications Department Los Angeles, CA 90049-1681 www.getty.edu 9/11 point The J. -
University Micrcsilms International 300 N
INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. -
Gothic Europe 12-15Th C
Gothic Europe 12-15th c. The term “Gothic” was popularized by the 16th c. artist and historian Giorgio Vasari who attributed the style to the Goths, Germanic invaders who had “destroyed” the classical civilization of the Roman empire. In it’s own day the Gothic style was simply called “modern art” or “The French style” Gothic Age: Historical Background • Widespread prosperity caused by warmer climate, technological advances such as the heavy plough, watermills and windmills, and population increase . • Development of cities. Although Europe remained rural, cities gained increasing prominence. They became centers of artistic patronage, fostering communal identity by public projects and ceremonies. • Guilds (professional associations) of scholars founded the first universities. A system of reasoned analysis known as scholasticism emerged from these universities, intent on reconciling Christian theology and Classical philosophy. • Age of cathedrals (Cathedral = a church that is the official seat of a bishop) • 11-13th c - The Crusades bring Islamic and Byzantine influences to Europe. • 14th c. - Black Death killing about one third of population in western Europe and devastating much of Europe’s economy. Europe About 1200 England and France were becoming strong nation-states while the Holy Roman Empire was weakened and ceased to be a significant power in the 13th c. French Gothic Architecture The Gothic style emerged in the Ile- de-France region (French royal domain around Paris) around 1140. It coincided with the emergence of the monarchy as a powerful centralizing force. Within 100 years, an estimate 2700 Gothic churches were built in the Ile-de-France alone. Abbot Suger, 1081-1151, French cleric and statesman, abbot of Saint- Denis from 1122, minister of kings Louis VI and Louis VII. -
League of the Public Weal, 1465
League of the Public Weal, 1465 It is not necessary to hope in order to undertake, nor to succeed in order to persevere. —Charles the Bold Dear Delegates, Welcome to WUMUNS 2018! My name is Josh Zucker, and I am excited to be your director for the League of the Public Weal. I am currently a junior studying Systems Engineering and Economics. I have always been interested in history (specifically ancient and medieval history) and politics, so Model UN has been a perfect fit for me. Throughout high school and college, I’ve developed a passion for exciting Model UN weekends, and I can’t wait to share one with you! Louis XI, known as the Universal Spider for his vast reach and ability to weave himself into all affairs, is one of my favorite historical figures. His continual conflicts with Charles the Bold of Burgundy and the rest of France’s nobles are some of the most interesting political struggles of the medieval world. Louis XI, through his tireless work, not only greatly transformed the monarchy but also greatly strengthened France as a kingdom and set it on its way to becoming the united nation we know today. This committee will transport you to France as it reinvents itself after the Hundred Years War. Louis XI, the current king of France, is doing everything in his power to reform and reinvigorate the French monarchy. Many view his reign as tyranny. You, the nobles of France, strive to keep the monarchy weak. For that purpose, you have formed the League of the Public Weal.