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Himeji Castle, Hyōgo
Himeji Castle, Hyōgo Location: Hyōgo Prefecture Date: Original construction dates from 1333, but the current structure was built between 1580-1610 Patron: Toyotomi Hideyoshi and enlarged c 1610 by Ikeda Terumasa. Scale: 140m (east-west axis) x 125m (north-south axis). 91m above sea level. Stone wall of the main keep 15m high; the main keep is 31.5m high. There are 27 towers, 11 wells and 21 gates. Scope of work: WAR; Architecture beyond the European tradition. Materials: primarily wood and stone Style/Period: Renritsu/Azuchi–Momoyama Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 1164651 | www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk Himeji Castle, Hyōgo Introduction Japan’s most magnificent castle, a Unesco World Heritage Site and one of only a handful of original castles remaining. Nicknamed the ‘White Egret Castle’ for its spectacular white exterior and striking shape emerging from the plain. Himeji is a hill castle, that takes advantage of the surrounding geography to enhance its defensive qualities. There are three moats to obstruct the enemy and 15m sloping stone walls make approaching the base of the castle very difficult. Formal elements Viewed externally, there is a five-storey main tenshu (keep) and three smaller keeps, all surrounded by moats and defensive walls. These walls are punctuated with rectangular openings (‘sama’) for firing arrows and circular and triangular openings for guns. These ‘sama’ are at different heights to allow for the warrior to be standing, kneeling or lying down. The main keep’s walls also feature narrow openings that allowed defenders to pour boiling water or oil on to anyone trying to scale the walls. -
Geography & Climate
Web Japan http://web-japan.org/ GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE A country of diverse topography and climate characterized by peninsulas and inlets and Geography offshore islands (like the Goto archipelago and the islands of Tsushima and Iki, which are part of that prefecture). There are also A Pacific Island Country accidented areas of the coast with many Japan is an island country forming an arc in inlets and steep cliffs caused by the the Pacific Ocean to the east of the Asian submersion of part of the former coastline due continent. The land comprises four large to changes in the Earth’s crust. islands named (in decreasing order of size) A warm ocean current known as the Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, Kuroshio (or Japan Current) flows together with many smaller islands. The northeastward along the southern part of the Pacific Ocean lies to the east while the Sea of Japanese archipelago, and a branch of it, Japan and the East China Sea separate known as the Tsushima Current, flows into Japan from the Asian continent. the Sea of Japan along the west side of the In terms of latitude, Japan coincides country. From the north, a cold current known approximately with the Mediterranean Sea as the Oyashio (or Chishima Current) flows and with the city of Los Angeles in North south along Japan’s east coast, and a branch America. Paris and London have latitudes of it, called the Liman Current, enters the Sea somewhat to the north of the northern tip of of Japan from the north. The mixing of these Hokkaido. -
Hankyu Hanshin Holdings Securities Code: 9042 ANNUAL REPORT
Hankyu Hanshin Holdings Securities code: 9042 ANNUAL REPORT Hankyu Hanshin Holdings, Inc. ANNUAL REPORT 2016 Hankyu Inc. ANNUAL Hanshin Holdings, 2016 Growingthe Ground from Up ANNUAL REPORT 2016 Contents Key Facts Financial Section and Corporate Data 1 Group Management Philosophy 73 Consolidated Six-Year Summary 3 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) 74 Consolidated Financial Review 4 At a Glance 77 Business Risks 6 Location of Our Business Base 78 Consolidated Balance Sheets 8 Business Environment 80 Consolidated Statements of Income / 10 Performance Highlights (Consolidated) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 14 ESG Highlights 81 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets 83 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 84 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements Business Policies and Strategies 108 Major Rental Properties / Major Sales Properties 16 To Our Stakeholders 109 Major Group Companies 24 Special Feature: Anticipating Change, 110 Group History Pursuing Growth Opportunities 111 Investor Information 29 Providing Services that Add Value to Areas 32 Capitalising on Opportunities through Overseas Businesses 36 CSR and Value Enhancement in Line-Side Areas Search Index Group Overview 1–15, 38–39, 108–111 Core Businesses: Overview and Outlook 2016 Financial and Business Performances 38 Core Business Highlights 10–13, 17–19, 73–76 40 Urban Transportation Forecasts for Fiscal 2017 Onward 44 Real Estate Group: 22 Urban Transportation: 41 48 Entertainment and Communications Real Estate: 45 50 Travel Entertainment and -
Himeji Castle 1601-09 1333-46, Then Rebuilt 1601-09, with Additional Fortifications 1617-19
Himeji Castle 1601-09 1333-46, then rebuilt 1601-09, with additional fortifications 1617-19 Key Facts: • In a nutshell: practical defensive castle offering complex systems of defence in depth • Site: Himeji, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan • Size: 31m high, 140m long, 125m wide, on a 45m natural hill. • Materials: stone podium; clay, sand and rice glue walls; tiled roof • UNESCO World Cultural and Heritage Site. 1. ART HISTORICAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS The castle at Himeji is an iconic image of Japan and one of the finest examples of fortress architecture in the world. It stands at the centre of Himeji city, a strategic point along the route to the western provinces of Honshu (the main island of Japan). The castle was built atop a natural 45-meter hill called Himeyama, and its main donjon (tower) rises an additional 31 meters including a 15 metre stone foundation. It is a highly efficient and practical military machine offering complex systems of defence in depth. www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk © 2018 Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 116451 arthistoryinschools @ahischarity @arthistoryinschools Cruickshank writes “..as with so much essentially functional Japanese architecture, the hill-top fortress possesses a delicacy of detail, fineness of form, and picturesqueness of profile that, from a distance, makes it look more like a fairy-tale palace.”1 From afar, the graceful rooflines of its white towers resemble a flock of herons in flight, suggesting the castle's proper name—"Egret Castle" (Shirasagi). The castle was first completed in 1346 but when the Shogun Togukawa rose to power in 1600 following the battle of Sekigahara, he rewarded his son-in-law Ikeda Terumasa (1564-1613) with the fiefdom of Harima (modern-day Hyogo prefecture) and the castle was completely rebuilt and enlarged between 1601 and 1609. -
Long-Term Impacts of the 1995 Hanshin–Awaji Earthquake on Wage Distribution†
Long-term Impacts of the 1995 Hanshin–Awaji Earthquake on Wage Distribution† Fumio Ohtake1, Naoko Okuyama2, Masaru Sasaki3, Kengo Yasui4 March 2, 2014 Abstract The objectives of this paper are to explore how the 1995 Hanshin–Awaji Earthquake has affected the wages of people in the earthquake area over the 17 years since the earthquake and to examine which part of the wage distribution has been most negatively affected by comparing the wage distribution between disaster victims and non-victims. To do so, we used three decomposition methods, developed by (i) Oaxaca (1973) and Blinder (1973), (ii) DiNardo, Fortin, and Lemieux (1996) (“DFL”), and (iii) Machado and Mata (2005) and Melly (2006). Our findings are as follows. First, the Oaxaca and Blinder decomposition analysis shows that the negative impact of the earthquake is still affecting the mean wages of male workers. Second, the DFL decomposition analysis shows that middle-wage males would have earned more had the 1995 Hanshin–Awaji Earthquake not occurred. Finally, the Machado–Mata–Melly decomposition analysis shows that the earthquake had a large, adverse impact on the wages of middle-wage males, and that their wages have been lowered since the earthquake, by 5.0-8.6%. This result is similar to that from the DFL decomposition analysis. In the case of female workers, a long-term negative impact of the earthquake on wages was also observed, but only for high-wage females, by 8.3-13.8%. †Acknowledgments: We thank William DuPont, Lena Edlund, Timothy Halliday, Takahiro Ito, Takao Kato, Daiji Kawaguchi, Peter Kuhn, Edward Lazear, Colin McKenzie, Hideo Owan, Hugh Patrick, Kei Sakata, Till Von Wachter, David E. -
International Recovery Forum 2020 Infrastructure Development Plan For
兵庫県 Hyogo Prefecture International Recovery Forum 2020 Infrastructure development plan for tsunami risk reduction – Measures to prevent and reduce disasters in preparation for huge tsunamis – TADA Shinya Director Technology Planning Division Public Works & Development Department Hyogo Prefectural Government Nankai Trough earthquake Land side plate Pacific The Nankai Trough is a long and Plate Trench Ogasawara Izu narrow submarine basin formed - Nankai Trough Sagami by the subduction of the Trough Philippine Philippine Sea Plate under the Sea Plate Eurasian Plate. Around the Nankai Trough, huge earthquakes and tsunamis occur about every 100 years, causing severe damage. 慶長地震Keicho Earthquake(M7.9) (M7.9)::1605 1605年 発生間隔Recurrence 102interval:年 102 years Classification Earthquake probability 宝永地震Hoei Earthquake(M8.6) (M8.6):: 17071707 年 of earthquakes 5,049 fatalities (Size of next Within Within Within (死者 5,049 人) earthquake) 10 years 30 years 50 years 発Recurrence生間隔 147interval:年 147 years Nankai About 安政南海地震Ansei Nankai Earthquake(M8.4) (M8.4)::1854 1854年 About About Trough 90% or (死者2,658 2,658fatalities人) 30% 発生間隔Recurrence interval:92 年 92 years M8–M9 70–80% higher 昭和南海地震Showa Nankai Earthquake(M8.0) (M8.0)::1946 1946年 東南海地震Tonankai Earthquake(M7.9) (M7.9): Based on estimates by the Headquarters for Earthquake (死者1,330 fatalities1,330 人) 73 years 73 年経過 :19441944 年(死者 1,251 人) Research Promotion of Japan (Jan. 2019) have passed 1,251 fatalities 現在:At present:201 20199 年 2 Largest tsunamis caused by Nankai Himeji Nishinomiya 3 Seto -
Transport Information Guide Swimming(Artistic Swimming
Transport Information Guide Sport & Discipline Venue Hyogo Pref. Amagasaki Sports Amagasaki City Forest 43 Ogimachi, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Swimming https://www.a-spo.com/ (Artistic Swimming) ■Recommended route to the venue From Osaka Station (Center Village) to the venue ( OP Original Kansai One Pass usable section WP Original JR Kansai Wide Area Pass usable section) Osaka Tachibana Suehirocho Venue Sta. Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Kobe Line Train JR Osaka Sta. Tachibana Sta. OP WP 11min. for Sannomiya, Nishi-Akashi,Himeji Public Hanshin Tachibana Sta. Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 22min. Bus Bus Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. Osaka-Umeda Amagasaki Suehirocho Venue Sta. Center-Pool-Mae Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Hanshin Amagasaki Center- Hanshin Main Line Train Electric Osaka-Umeda Sta. OP 15min. Railway Pool-Mae Sta. for Kobe-Sannomiya, Akashi Public Hanshin Amagasaki Center- Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 10min. bus Bus Pool-Mae Sta. Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. From Masters Village Hyogo to the venue Masters Village Hyogo: in Duo Kobe “Duo Dome” ※1 minute walk from JR Kobe Station Kobe Tachibana Duo Dome Suehirocho Venue Sta. Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Walking Masters Village Kobe Sta. 1min. Kobe Line Train JR Kobe Sta. Tachibana Sta. OP WP 29min. for Sannomiya, Amagasaki,Osaka Public Hanshin Tachibana Sta. Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 22min. Bus Bus Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. Amagasaki Kosoku-Kobe Suehirocho Venue Duo Dome Sta. Center-Pool-Mae Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Kosoku-Kobe Walking Masters Village 5min. -
World Bank Document
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE ' . • INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 1818 H STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON 251 0. C. TELEP='::l(?l"L~: EXECUTIVE 3-6360 Public Disclosure Authorized Press Release No. 723 SUBJECT: $40 million loan for November 29, 1961 Japanese Expressway The World Bank today made a loan equivalent to $40 million to assist in financing completion of the express highway being built between Kobe and Nagoya in Japan. The :Expressway will I'\;,·lieve increasingly severe traffic congestion in one of Japan's most highly industrialized regions, stimulate the dispersion of Public Disclosure Authorized industry and population out of over-crowded cities, widen the effective area of food supply for urban communities, and substantially reduce the operating cost of highway freight and passenger traffic. A Bank loan of $40 million was made • in March 196o for a 45-mile section of the Expressway and today's loan will be used to complete the Expressway over its entire planned length of 115 miles,. Five commercial banks are participating in the loan, without the World Bank's Public Disclosure Authorized bfua.rantee, f'or a total amount of $'!.,183,000, representing the first two maturi ties and. pa.rt of the third maturity which fall due bet1reen January 15, 1965 and January 15, 1966. The participating banks a.re the New York Agency of The Toronto-Dominion Bank, The National Shawmut Bank of Boston, First Wisconsin National Bank of Milwaukee, Fidelity-Philadelphia Trust Company and Bayerisc;he Hypotheken-und Wt~.dh!:1e-i~13ook,. •M:uniclh. The loan was made to the Nihon Doro Kocian ( Japan H,.ghway Public Corporation), I a government corporation responsible for the construction, operation and main Public Disclosure Authorized tenance of toll roads and related,facilities in Japan. -
Transport Information Guide Tennis Bourbon Beans Dome
Transport Information Guide Sport & Discipline Venue Hyogo Pref. Miki City Bourbon Beans Dome 1708, Mitsuda, Shijimi-cho, Miki city, Hyogo http://www.beans-dome.com/ Tennis There are other venues. Please check each venue. ・ Aono Sports Park Aono Tennis Club ■Recommended route to the venue From Osaka Station (Center Village) to the venue ( OP Original Kansai One Pass usable section、 WP Original JR Kansai Wide Area Pass usable section) Osaka Sannomiya Kobe-sannomiya Sta. Sta. Sta. Shinkaichi Sta. Midorigaoka Sta. Venue Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Kobe Line Special Rapid Train JR Osaka Sta. Sannomiya Sta. OP WP 22min. for Sannomiya, Nishi-Akashi,Himeji Kobe-Sannomiya Walking Sannomiya Sta. 3min. Sta. Hankyu Railway [Hankyu]Kobe Line for Shinkaichi, or Kobe-Sannomiya Sanyodentetsu-Akashi, Himeji Train Shinkaichi Sta. OP 6min. Hanshin Sta. [Hanshin]Main Line for Kosoku- Electric Kobe, Shinkaichi,Akashi,Himeji Railway Kobe Train Electric Shinkaichi Sta. Midorigaoka Sta. OP For Miki, Ono, Ao 37min. Railway Shuttle Midorigaoka Sta. Venue ※There is also Shinki Zone Bus 11min. bus Osaka-Umeda Shinkaichi Midorigaoka Venue Sta. Sta. Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Hankyu Railway [Hankyu]Kobe Line or for Kobe-Sannomiya Train Osaka-Umeda Sta. Shinkaichi Sta. 38min. Hanshin OP [Hanshin]Main Line Electric for Kobe-Sannomiya Railway Kobe Ao Line Train Electric Shinkaichi Sta. Midorigaoka Sta. OP 37min. Railway for Miki, Ono, Ao Shuttle Midorigaoka Sta. Venue ※There is also Shinki Zone Bus 11min. bus From Masters Village Hyogo to the venue Masters Village Hyogo: in Duo Kobe “Duo Dome” ※5 minute walk from Kosoku-kobe Station Duo Kosoku-Kobe Shinkaichi Midorigaoka Venue Dome Sta. -
Long Diagnostic Delay with Unknown Transmission Route Inversely Correlates with the Subsequent Doubling Time of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan, February–March 2020
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Long Diagnostic Delay with Unknown Transmission Route Inversely Correlates with the Subsequent Doubling Time of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan, February–March 2020 Tsuyoshi Ogata 1,* and Hideo Tanaka 2 1 Tsuchiura Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Tsuchiura 300-0812, Japan 2 Fujiidera Public Health Center of Osaka Prefectural Government, Fujiidera 583-0024, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Long diagnostic delays (LDDs) may decrease the effectiveness of patient isolation in reducing subsequent transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aims to investigate the correlation between the proportion of LDD of COVID-19 patients with unknown transmission routes and the subsequent doubling time. LDD was defined as the duration between COVID-19 symptom onset and confirmation ≥6 days. We investigated the geographic correlation between the LDD proportion among 369 confirmed COVID-19 patients with symptom onset between the 9th and 11th week and the subsequent doubling time for 717 patients in the 12th–13th week among the six prefectures. The doubling time on March 29 (the end of the 13th week) ranged from 4.67 days in Chiba to 22.2 days in Aichi. Using a Pearson’s product-moment correlation (p-value = 0.00182) and multiple regression analyses that were adjusted for sex and age (correlation coefficient −0.729, 95% confidence interval: −0.923–−0.535, p-value = 0.0179), the proportion of LDD for unknown Citation: Ogata, T.; Tanaka, H. Long exposure patients was correlated inversely with the base 10 logarithm of the subsequent doubling Diagnostic Delay with Unknown time. -
The Heart of Japan HYOGO
兵庫旅 English LET’S DISCOVER MICHELIN GREEN GUIDE HYOGO ★★★ What are the Michelin Green Guides? The Michelin Green Guide series is a travel guide that explains the attractions of each tourist The Heart of Japan destination. It contains a lot of information that allows curious travelers to understand their destinations in detail and fully enjoy their trips. Recommended places are introduced in the guides based on Michelin’ s unique investigation on each destination’ s attractions, such as rich natural resources and various cultural assets. Among them, the places that are especially recommended are awarded with the Michelin stars. HYOGO The destinations are classified into four ranks, from no stars to three stars (“worth a trip”), from the Official Hyogo Guidebook perspective of how recommendable they are for travelers. 兵庫県オフィシャルガイドブック ★★★ “Worth a trip” (It is worth making a whole trip simply for the destination) ★★ “Worth a detour” (It is worth making a detour while on a journey) ★ “Interesting” Michelin Green Guide Hyogo (Web version; English and French) The web version of Michelin Green Guide Hyogo has been available in English and French since December 2016 (the URLs are shown below). The website introduces tourist spots and facilities in Hyogo included in the Michelin Green Guide Japan (4th revised edition), as well as 23 additional venues such as the “Kikusedai observation platform on Mount Maya,” “Akashi bridge & Maiko Marine Promenade,” “Takenaka Carpentry Tools Museum,” “Japanese Toy Museum,” and “Awaji Doll Joruri Pavillion.” This guidebook introduces some of the tourist spots and facilities with one to three stars introduced in the web version of Michelin Green Guide Japan. -
HIROSHIMA RESEARCH NEWS Hiroshima Peace Institute Vol.11 No.2 November 2008
HIROSHIMA RESEARCH NEWS Hiroshima Peace Institute Vol.11 No.2 November 2008 Hiroshima Peace Institute and Hiroshima Peace Media Center, Chugoku Shimbun, Culture Foundation, gave a report on “Mayors for Peace and the Hiroshima- co-organized an international symposium entitled “Approaching Nuclear Nagasaki Protocol” in which he introduced the plan of the Foundation to implement Abolition from Hiroshima: Empowering the World to Impact the 2010 NPT 101 atomic bomb exhibitions in the US in 2007 and 2008, and the Hiroshima- Review Conference” at International Conference Center Hiroshima on August 2, Nagasaki Protocol, announced by the Mayors for Peace in April 2008, that outlines 2008. It was a memorial event to celebrate the 10th anniversary of HPI, which was the process towards nuclear abolition. So far, the membership of Mayors for Peace established in April 1998, and the establishment of the Hiroshima Peace Media has increased to 2,368 cities in 131 countries, and they are working for nuclear Center in January 2008. An audience of 400 participated in the four-hour abolition by collecting signatures to show support for the Protocol. symposium including keynote speeches, panelist reports, and discussions. The first half of the third session was for discussions by all the speakers and (Summary of Speeches, Reports, and Discussions on pages 2 and 3.) panelists. On the first topic, “the road to nuclear abolition,” Kawasaki asserted that the Japanese government should change its position of relying on the US “nuclear International nuclear disarmament has been stagnant since the nuclear tests umbrella,” while Johnson maintained that the reality of nuclear deterrence should conducted by India and Pakistan, and especially since the beginning of the “war on be exposed and that nations should not predicate their national security based on terror” which was initiated by the US after the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001.