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Himeji Castle, Hyōgo
Himeji Castle, Hyōgo Location: Hyōgo Prefecture Date: Original construction dates from 1333, but the current structure was built between 1580-1610 Patron: Toyotomi Hideyoshi and enlarged c 1610 by Ikeda Terumasa. Scale: 140m (east-west axis) x 125m (north-south axis). 91m above sea level. Stone wall of the main keep 15m high; the main keep is 31.5m high. There are 27 towers, 11 wells and 21 gates. Scope of work: WAR; Architecture beyond the European tradition. Materials: primarily wood and stone Style/Period: Renritsu/Azuchi–Momoyama Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 1164651 | www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk Himeji Castle, Hyōgo Introduction Japan’s most magnificent castle, a Unesco World Heritage Site and one of only a handful of original castles remaining. Nicknamed the ‘White Egret Castle’ for its spectacular white exterior and striking shape emerging from the plain. Himeji is a hill castle, that takes advantage of the surrounding geography to enhance its defensive qualities. There are three moats to obstruct the enemy and 15m sloping stone walls make approaching the base of the castle very difficult. Formal elements Viewed externally, there is a five-storey main tenshu (keep) and three smaller keeps, all surrounded by moats and defensive walls. These walls are punctuated with rectangular openings (‘sama’) for firing arrows and circular and triangular openings for guns. These ‘sama’ are at different heights to allow for the warrior to be standing, kneeling or lying down. The main keep’s walls also feature narrow openings that allowed defenders to pour boiling water or oil on to anyone trying to scale the walls. -
Geography & Climate
Web Japan http://web-japan.org/ GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE A country of diverse topography and climate characterized by peninsulas and inlets and Geography offshore islands (like the Goto archipelago and the islands of Tsushima and Iki, which are part of that prefecture). There are also A Pacific Island Country accidented areas of the coast with many Japan is an island country forming an arc in inlets and steep cliffs caused by the the Pacific Ocean to the east of the Asian submersion of part of the former coastline due continent. The land comprises four large to changes in the Earth’s crust. islands named (in decreasing order of size) A warm ocean current known as the Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, Kuroshio (or Japan Current) flows together with many smaller islands. The northeastward along the southern part of the Pacific Ocean lies to the east while the Sea of Japanese archipelago, and a branch of it, Japan and the East China Sea separate known as the Tsushima Current, flows into Japan from the Asian continent. the Sea of Japan along the west side of the In terms of latitude, Japan coincides country. From the north, a cold current known approximately with the Mediterranean Sea as the Oyashio (or Chishima Current) flows and with the city of Los Angeles in North south along Japan’s east coast, and a branch America. Paris and London have latitudes of it, called the Liman Current, enters the Sea somewhat to the north of the northern tip of of Japan from the north. The mixing of these Hokkaido. -
Himeji Castle 1601-09 1333-46, Then Rebuilt 1601-09, with Additional Fortifications 1617-19
Himeji Castle 1601-09 1333-46, then rebuilt 1601-09, with additional fortifications 1617-19 Key Facts: • In a nutshell: practical defensive castle offering complex systems of defence in depth • Site: Himeji, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan • Size: 31m high, 140m long, 125m wide, on a 45m natural hill. • Materials: stone podium; clay, sand and rice glue walls; tiled roof • UNESCO World Cultural and Heritage Site. 1. ART HISTORICAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS The castle at Himeji is an iconic image of Japan and one of the finest examples of fortress architecture in the world. It stands at the centre of Himeji city, a strategic point along the route to the western provinces of Honshu (the main island of Japan). The castle was built atop a natural 45-meter hill called Himeyama, and its main donjon (tower) rises an additional 31 meters including a 15 metre stone foundation. It is a highly efficient and practical military machine offering complex systems of defence in depth. www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk © 2018 Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 116451 arthistoryinschools @ahischarity @arthistoryinschools Cruickshank writes “..as with so much essentially functional Japanese architecture, the hill-top fortress possesses a delicacy of detail, fineness of form, and picturesqueness of profile that, from a distance, makes it look more like a fairy-tale palace.”1 From afar, the graceful rooflines of its white towers resemble a flock of herons in flight, suggesting the castle's proper name—"Egret Castle" (Shirasagi). The castle was first completed in 1346 but when the Shogun Togukawa rose to power in 1600 following the battle of Sekigahara, he rewarded his son-in-law Ikeda Terumasa (1564-1613) with the fiefdom of Harima (modern-day Hyogo prefecture) and the castle was completely rebuilt and enlarged between 1601 and 1609. -
International Recovery Forum 2020 Infrastructure Development Plan For
兵庫県 Hyogo Prefecture International Recovery Forum 2020 Infrastructure development plan for tsunami risk reduction – Measures to prevent and reduce disasters in preparation for huge tsunamis – TADA Shinya Director Technology Planning Division Public Works & Development Department Hyogo Prefectural Government Nankai Trough earthquake Land side plate Pacific The Nankai Trough is a long and Plate Trench Ogasawara Izu narrow submarine basin formed - Nankai Trough Sagami by the subduction of the Trough Philippine Philippine Sea Plate under the Sea Plate Eurasian Plate. Around the Nankai Trough, huge earthquakes and tsunamis occur about every 100 years, causing severe damage. 慶長地震Keicho Earthquake(M7.9) (M7.9)::1605 1605年 発生間隔Recurrence 102interval:年 102 years Classification Earthquake probability 宝永地震Hoei Earthquake(M8.6) (M8.6):: 17071707 年 of earthquakes 5,049 fatalities (Size of next Within Within Within (死者 5,049 人) earthquake) 10 years 30 years 50 years 発Recurrence生間隔 147interval:年 147 years Nankai About 安政南海地震Ansei Nankai Earthquake(M8.4) (M8.4)::1854 1854年 About About Trough 90% or (死者2,658 2,658fatalities人) 30% 発生間隔Recurrence interval:92 年 92 years M8–M9 70–80% higher 昭和南海地震Showa Nankai Earthquake(M8.0) (M8.0)::1946 1946年 東南海地震Tonankai Earthquake(M7.9) (M7.9): Based on estimates by the Headquarters for Earthquake (死者1,330 fatalities1,330 人) 73 years 73 年経過 :19441944 年(死者 1,251 人) Research Promotion of Japan (Jan. 2019) have passed 1,251 fatalities 現在:At present:201 20199 年 2 Largest tsunamis caused by Nankai Himeji Nishinomiya 3 Seto -
Himeji Transportation Guide
� :J., -� Himeji Station Area Bus Stops & Taxi Stands North Destination North Destination North Destination North Destination I i i fiD fflll四 m i i i 回目3回 Himeji 屈目Hakuchoda1 Shosha-n sh1 Jutaku (v a Takaoka Byoin) Shiromida (via lryocenter) Hojo (v a Hosh ro) i llIJ o 屈 l'l 四 u u i u Unloading only Maenosho/Yamanouch1 ゜ H meji-ko ゜ Ebuna danchl/H jo厄"頭F k sak Fur bokke koen ゜ ゜ @ Himeji Station Bus Terminal I i i u E I i i i u 匹,, 顧 Himej shogyo koko (v a J nkanki-byo centeり 頂Shianbashi Himeji dokkyo daigaku/Daijuda (via lryocenteり Kenntsu-da1 kogakubu (Non slop service) 言SPnng-8 四Kenr tsu-dai kogakub /Shosha-n1sh1 Jutaku (via Yokozeki) ^ 回fD u i u 璽'厨I i oH ● Bus Stop fflArakl/Kosebata/Yamasakl i i [via Yokozekl) T (Unloading Only) Sertetsu-kmen-H1rohata Byoin/Shm-nittetsu-s m1k1n (v a Ch Jり 置 Hiromine ゜ H1me11 Central Park (Non stop serv ce) ゜ C函0 ゜ ゜ 回爵1t u o o 四B rds Town口Mdoridai (via Yokozeki) tsu i i i i i i i i ffl i i Ill i DJ 一 ts -k nen- ata n/ a tt e i uH ri h { B� i 3 yo n u Himeji dokkyo i daigaku/Da judai (v a Nishi如mae) Ohara/Yash ro厨Kiyosum1 H1meJ1 Central Park Sout h Destination Transportation n-n i -s mkni va i ssek b i )/Sa sakbashi-nish z me ffl i i i 四 Ii]] (I;)Takabatake-minam guch 屈 屈!)Aoyama golf-jぴ「atsuno Tadera-k taguchi ゜ 国Sh rom dai (via Gokenyash ki) 口 ゜ ゜ D) II 令 Sanden Shoda junkan Hime」, sh1yakusho- 四fB f1J Shikama-ekl minami 醤遍 四Kan,teoo/Shosh,-o,sh,J曲aku/M,do,,dm (,,, Kam,teoo) Koko gakuen-ma巡tayamaguchi/Shosha-zan ropeway Mino Kofungun Bessho-eki/Yuhigaoka 厘 回 i 国M,do,,da, 的a屈ama)国國Yam四kl(,laHa四Id叫 ( Mt. -
Himeji Port Tourist Information
Himeji Port Tourist Information http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/cruise/ Local Sake There are eight sake breweries located in Himeji. Brewing has flourished in Himeji because this area has long been known for its excellent rice. Location/View In Himeji City(8 places) Access Please refer to the lerated links. Season Year-round Harima sake cultural tourism Related links http://harima-sake.jp Contact Us[Himeji City Tourist Information Center(Himeji Kanko Naviport) ] TEL:;81-79-287-0003 Himeji Oden Oden is a Japanese dish containing vegetables,eggs,meat and various ingredients cooked in a special broth. Himeji people eat Oden in a unique way,with soy sause and ginger. Location/View Around Himeji station Travel by tour:25min by bus from berth Access Individual travel:around Shinki bus “Himeji station North Exit” bus stop. Season Year-round Himeji Oden official site Related links https://himejioden.jp/oden.html Contact Us[Himeji City Tourist Information Center(Himeji Kanko Naviport) ] TEL:;81-79-287-0003 Himeji Leatherwork Beautifully printed leatherwork on unique white tanned leather. Soft and luxurious bags and purses are in great demand. Location/View 1F Jibasan biru 123 minamiekimae cho Himeji Travel by tour:25min by bus from berth Access Individual travel:5 min on foot from Shinki bus “Himeji Station North Exit” bus stop. Season Year-round Himeji・West Harima Jiba industry center ”Bansankan” http://www.jibasan.or.jp/specialty/bansankan.html Related links Leather Factory “BAIMO” http://www.baimo.net/ Contact Us[Himeji City Tourist Information Center(Himeji Kanko Naviport) ] TEL:;81-79-287-0003 - 1 - Himeji Port Tourist Information http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/cruise/ Myochin Hibashi wind chimes Myochin Hibashi are the tongs for the tea ceremony created by the Myochins,the family of armorers.The modern designed wind and door chimes refresh us with their cool sound. -
Inland Sea of Japan Featuring Kyoto
ANCIENT TRADITIONS OF THE INLAND SEA OF JAPAN FEATURING KYOTO Sakaiminato Five-Star Small Ship Matsue Kyoto H JAPAN onshu– Himeji Kurashiki Hagi Hiroshima Uno Osaka Miyajima S e a n d l a In Moji – SOUTH Kanazawa JAPAN Kyu–shu Shikoku KOREA Gyeongju Tokyo UNESCO Ulsan Honsh–u World Heritage Site Cruise Itinerary u kok – i u Sh h Air Routing s Pacific –u y PhilippineSea Ocean Experience the timeless splendor of Japan and Land Routing K South Korea on this unique, custom‑designed itinerary, featuring two nights in Kyoto and Itinerary a seven‑night cruise across the full length of May 22 to June 1, 2019 the serene Inland Sea of Japan from Himeji, Kyoto, Himeji, Hiroshima, including historic ports of Japan such as Miyajima, Matsue, Osaka Miyajima, Sakaiminato and Moji, and Day Ulsan, South Korea. On board the exclusively 1 Depart Canada/Cross the International Date Line chartered, Five‑Star small ship Le SolÉal, 2 Osaka, Japan/Kyoto featuring only 110 ocean‑view Suites and 3 Kyoto Staterooms, enjoy port calls at captivating 4 Kyoto/Himeji/Embark Le SolÉal points of interest, including seven UNESCO 5 Hiroshima/Miyajima World Heritage sites. From enchanting Kyoto to storied Hiroshima, to Miyajima and the Buddhist 6 Hagi wonders of Gyeongju, South Korea, relish in the 7 Sakaiminato for Matsue awe‑inspiring beauty of these historic ports of 8 Ulsan, South Korea, for Gyeongju Japan and South Korea. Tokyo Pre‑Program and 9 Moji, Japan Kanazawa Post‑Program Options. 10 Uno for Kurashiki or Koraku-en Garden 11 Osaka/Disembark ship/Depart for Canada/ Cross the International Date Line/Arrive in Canada Cruise itinerary is subject to change. -
A Case Study of Hyogo Prefecture in Japan
ADBI Working Paper Series INDUSTRY FRAGMENTATION AND WASTEWATER EFFICIENCY: A CASE STUDY OF HYOGO PREFECTURE IN JAPAN Takuya Urakami, David S. Saal, and Maria Nieswand No. 1218 February 2021 Asian Development Bank Institute Takuya Urakami is a Professor at the Faculty of Business Administration, Kindai University, Japan. David S. Saal is a Professor at the School of Business and Economics, Loughborough University, United Kingdom. Maria Nieswand is an Assistant Professor at the School of Business and Economics, Loughborough University, United Kingdom. The views expressed in this paper are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of ADBI, ADB, its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms. Working papers are subject to formal revision and correction before they are finalized and considered published. The Working Paper series is a continuation of the formerly named Discussion Paper series; the numbering of the papers continued without interruption or change. ADBI’s working papers reflect initial ideas on a topic and are posted online for discussion. Some working papers may develop into other forms of publication. Suggested citation: Urakami, T., D. S. Saal, and M. Nieswand. 2021. Industry Fragmentation and Wastewater Efficiency: A Case Study of Hyogo Prefecture in Japan. ADBI Working Paper 1218. Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute. Available: https://www.adb.org/publications/industry- fragmentation-wastewater-efficiency-hyogo-japan Please contact the authors for information about this paper. -
Pacific Ocean
OCHA Regional Office for Asia Pacific JAPAN Issued: 17 December 2007 130° 135° 140° 145° Provinces of Japan CHINA 45° 1. Aiti 24. Miyazaki 2. Akita 25. Nagano 3. Ehime 26. Nagasaki 4. Gifu 27. Nara SEA OF 5. Gunma 28. Niigata OKH OTSK 6. Hirosima 29. Okayama RUSSIA 45° 8. Hokkaidoo 30. Okinawa 9. Hukui 31. Ooita 10. Hukuoka 32. Oosaka 33. Saga 11. Hukusima Nayoro 34. Saitama 12. Hyoogo 35. Siga 13.Dunhua Ibaraki 36. Simane 14. Isikawa 37. Sizuoka Asahikawa 15. Iwate 38. Tiba 16. Kagawa 39. Tokusima 17. Kagosima Tumen Vladivostok 40. Tookyoo Partizansk 8 18. Kanagawa 41. TotigiHunchun 19. HelongKooti 42. Toyama Nahodka Otaru Kushiro 20. Kumamoto 43. Wakayama Obihiro 21. Kyooto 44. Yamagata Sapporo 22. Mie 45. Yamaguti 23. Miyagi 46. Yamanasi Tomakomai Shizunai Hyesan Muroran DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S Hakodate REPUBLIC OF KOREA SEA OF JAPAN Ssangpoi-dong Mutsu Kizukuri Aomori 40° Misawa Hirosaki Hachinohe Noshiro Takanosu 40° 2 Akita 15 Morioka Miyako Honjo Kitakami Yokote Kamaishi Sakata Tsuruoka 44 Furukawa Ishinomaki Tendo 23 Yamagata Sendai Niigata REPUBLIC OF Yoshida KOREA 14 28 Nagaoka Kitakata 11 Koriyama PACIFIC OCEAN Toyama Numata Kanazawa Nagano 41 42 5 13 Hitachi 36 Ashikaga Maebashi Mito Ulsan Matsumoto 25 Fukui Kumagaya Tsukuba 9 34 Omiya Pusan 4 Kofu 40 Maizuru 35° Tottori Tokyo Matsue Gifu 46 Kawasaki Chiba Fukuchiyama 35 18 29 21 Yokohama Hamada 12 Otsu Yokkaichi Kyoto Okazaki Numazu 38 Masuda Himeji 1 35° Nagoya 37 Shizuoka 6 Okayama Osaka 45 Hiroshima Fukuyama Tsu 16 Kobe Nara KOREA STRAIT Yamaguchi Hamamatsu 3 Takamatsu 32 -
Hotel Nikko Himeji 1
Hotel Nikko Himeji 1. Address 100, Minamiekimae-cho, Himeji-shi, 670-0962 2. Number of rooms 257 Chinese Restaurant "Toh-Lee" Teppan Grill "Icho" Coffee Shop "Serena" 3. Restaurants Bar Lounge "Vol de Nuit" Japanese Restaurant "Kawatomi" Tea Lounge "Fountain" 4. Number of banquet halls 7 5. Sports facilities Swimming pool (Jacuzzi, Saunas), Training gym 6. Car parking capacity 40 7. International Teamm ― 8.Web address http://www.hotelnikkohimeji.co.jp 9. information (TEL:079-222-2231 FAX:079-224-3731) [Barrier-free / Accessibility] Parking space for wheelchair users with a roof, ramps, steps, no steps at the entrance/exit, diaper/nappy changing tables for babies, accessible communal elevator for wheelchair users, handrails for staircases, multi-purpose accessible toilet with handrails, assistance dogs are allowed to accompany, wheelchairs for lending [Access] 1. Approximate time by taxi 3 minutes from Himeji-minami Interchange via Himeji Bypass or car 80 minutes from Osaka International Airport 2. Approximate time from 130 minutes from Kansai International Airport airports by car 60 minutes from Kobe Airport Short walk from Himeji Sta. (JR) 3. Approximate time on foot 5 minutes from Sanyo-Himeji Sta. (Sanyo Electric Railway) [Tourist facilities nearby] 1. Name of facility The World Heritage, Himeji Castle 2. Address 68, Hommachi, Himeji-shi, 670-0012 Also called "White Heron Castle". This castle was designated as a National Treasure in 1951 and a World Heritage Site, the first in Japan in 1993. "Daitenshu (the castle keep)" with five layers and six floors, and three "Kotenshu (smaller subsidiary towers)" are linked by "Watari-Yagura (the connecting long 3. -
Inland Seaof Japan
distinguished travel for more than 35 years A NCIENT T RADITIONS OF THE Inland Sea OF Japan INCLUDING Gyeongju, South Korea UNESCO World Heritage Site Sea of Japan Cruise Itinerary Air Routing Land Routing Sakaiminato Matsue Lake JAPAN Kyoto Biwa shu Himeji Hon Okayama Hagi Kurashiki Hiroshima Uno Nara Osaka Miyajima Sea n d Shimonoseki la In Moji SOUTH Sea of Japan KOREA JAPAN Shikoku Gyeongju Tokyo Honshu Ulsan Kyushu u u ikok h Sh s u Pacific y K PhilippineSea Ocean April 11 to 22, 2022 Kyoto u Himeji u Hiroshima u Hagi u Matsue u u Experience the timeless splendor of Japan and Gyeongju Kurashiki Okayama 1 Depart the U.S. or Canada/ South Korea on this unique itinerary featuring a seven‑night Cross the International Date Line cruise across the 280‑mile length of the serene Inland Sea, 2 Osaka, Japan/Kyoto plus three nights in Kyoto. On board the exclusively 3-4 Kyoto chartered, Five‑Star small ship Le Bellot, featuring only 5 Kyoto/Himeji/Embark Le Bellot 92 ocean‑view Suites and Staterooms, enjoy spectacular 6 Hiroshima/Miyajima coastal scenery and captivating port calls, including 7 Hagi nine UNESCO World Heritage sites. From enchanting 8 Sakaiminato for Matsue Kyoto to storied Hiroshima, Miyajima and the Buddhist 9 Ulsan, South Korea, for Gyeongju 10 Moji, Japan, for Shimonoseki wonders of Gyeongju, South Korea, relish in the 11 Uno for Kurashiki/Okayama awe‑inspiring beauty and spiritual mystique of Japan’s and 12 Osaka/Disembark ship/Depart for the U.S. or Canada/ South Korea’s historical ports. -
Japan's Inland
A NCIENT TRADITIONS OF Japan’s Inland Sea INCLUDING Gyeongju, South Korea April 19 to 30, 2022 ExExclusivelyclusively ChCharteredartered Kyoto u Himeji u Hiroshima u Hagi u Matsue FFive-Starive-Star SmSmallall SShiphip Gyeongju u Kurashiki u Okayama 1 Depart the U.S. or Canada/ LLee BBellotellot Cross the International Date Line 2 Osaka, Japan/Kyoto 3-4 Kyoto 5 Kyoto/Himeji/Embark Le Bellot 6 Hiroshima/Miyajima 7 Hagi 8 Sakaiminato for Matsue (Adachi Museum of Art) 9 Ulsan, South Korea, for Gyeongju 10 Moji, Japan, for Shimonoseki 11 Uno for Kurashiki/Okayama (Koraku-en Garden) a specially arranged opportunity to cruise 12 Osaka/Disembark ship/Depart for the U.S. or Canada/ with acclaimed guest speaker Cross the International Date Line/ Arrive in the U.S. or Canada Jim Laurie Itinerary is subject to change. Media consultant and producer; former TV news correspondent UNESCO World u Heritage Site Sea of Japan Uniquely crafted small ship itinerary in Gohagan & Company’s Cruise Itinerary tradition of innovative programming and educational travel. Air Routing Land Routing Sakaiminato u Matsue Lake Ten-night land/cruise program—three nights in Kyoto and JAPAN Kyoto Biwa a seven-night cruise including Japan’s Inland Sea and nshu Himeji Ho Okayama South Korea—all excursions included. Hagi Kurashiki Hiroshima Uno Nara u Visit smaller towns and ports inaccessible to larger vessels to Osaka Miyajima Sea experience authentic Japanese and South Korean culture. n d Shimonoseki la In u Visit eight important UNESCO World Heritage sites. Moji u SOUTH Sea of Japan Admire the dramatic architecture of Japan’s Shogun period KOREA JAPAN Shikoku Gyeongju Tokyo during a guided visit of the lush grounds surrounding Honshu Ulsan imposing Himeji Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage site.