Josh Finklea's Newest Release, the Centra Series, Is a Study

SHARP TYPE / 2017

CENTRA NO. 1 BLACK 90pt Centra No.1

CENTRA NO. 1 BOLD 32pt Josh Finklea’s newest release, the Centra series, is a study in utility and restraint.

CENTRA NO. 1 MEDIUM 22pt In keeping with his approach of iteration & improvement to the traditional typographic tools of graphic design, Finklea’s latest work VILLAGE tackles one of typography’s most popular genres, the geometric sans.

CENTRA NO. 1 BOOK 12pt Instead of strict adherence to a formal geometric structure, Finklea’s approach to the Bauhaus model is largely aesthetic. While Futura and other historical models of the genre were designed as distilled typographic expressions of modernism, Centra acts as a contemporary typographic expression with modernist characteristics. The Centra Series emphasizes texture and readability over conceptual rationale, attributes that can be frustratingly elusive when using many strictly geometric sans-serif typefaces.

WWW.VLLG.COM SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Uppercase Romans

Black 80pt AFTERSHAVE

Extrabold 80pt BRASHNESS

Bold 80pt CARTOLOGY

Medium 80pt DISHERISON

VILLAGE

Book 80pt ENTREATING

Light 80pt FRECTAGIUM

Thin 80pt HELIOGRAPH

Hairline 80pt INNUMERATE

WWW.VLLG.COM 2 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Uppercase Italics

Black Italic 80pt JIGGERMAST

Extrabold Italic 80pt KERFUFFLES

Bold Italic 80pt LATESCENCE

Medium Italic 80pt MILLSTONES

VILLAGE

Book Italic 80pt NICKNAMED

Light Italic 80pt OUTSPRUNG

Thin Italic 80pt PREFORMATS

Hairline Italic 80pt QUIESCENCY

WWW.VLLG.COM 3 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Lowercase Romans

Black 80pt rectifications

Extrabold 80pt salinometric

Bold 80pt theoretically

Medium 80pt usefulnesses

VILLAGE

Book 80pt veggieburger

Light 80pt windowpane

Thin 80pt xerophobous

Hairline 80pt youthquaking

WWW.VLLG.COM 4 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Lowercase Italics

Black Italic 80pt zymogenesis

Extrabold Italic 80pt adverbialize

Bold Italic 80pt breakbasket

Medium Italic 80pt cloissonages

VILLAGE

Book Italic 80pt distributively

Light Italic 80pt euhemerised

Thin Italic 80pt franciplegium

Hairline Italic 80pt groundbaited

WWW.VLLG.COM 5 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Upper- & Lowercase Romans

Black 40pt ASTROPHELS biomechanics

Extrabold 40pt CAMSHAFTS declamatory

Bold 40pt EUPHONIUM forejudicatio

Medium 40pt GLAMORING hydrogenous VILLAGE

Book 40pt INTERZONAL jungenstreich

Light 40pt KEYSTROKED lateralisations

Thin 40pt MONODICAL noisemakings

Hairline 40pt OOLACHANS percutaneous

WWW.VLLG.COM 6 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Upper- & Lowercase Italics

Black Italic 40pt QUARTERING recapitalizing

Extrabold Italic 40pt SOUNDABLE thymectomy

Bold Italic 40pt UNGUIFORM velocipeders

Medium Italic 40pt WALLBOARD xanthopterin VILLAGE

Book Italic 40pt YELLOWBIRD zomotherapy

Light Italic 40pt ALPHASORTS breakdancers

Thin Italic 40pt CLAMOROUS departmental

Hairline Italic 40pt EVERYWHERE fontainebleau

WWW.VLLG.COM 7 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Sample Text Settings

BOLD & BOLD ITALIC 12pt The London Underground (also known simply as the Underground, or by its nick name the Tube) is a public rapid transit system serving London and some parts o f the adjacent counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex and Hertfordshire in the Unite d Kingdom. The world’s first underground railway, the Metropolitan Railway, whi ch opened in 1863, is now part of the Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolit an lines; the first line to operate underground electric traction trains, the City an d South London Railway in 1890, is now part of the Northern line. The network h as expanded to 11 lines, and in 2016–17 carried 1.379 billion passengers, making it the world’s 11th busiest metro system. The 11 lines collectively handle approximat ely 4.8 million passengers a day.

MEDIUM, MEDIUM ITALIC & EXTRABOLD 12pt The system’s first tunnels were built just below the surface, using the cut-and-cov cover method; later, smaller, roughly circular tunnels—which gave rise to its nickna name, the Tube—were dug through at a deeper level. The system has 270 stations and 400 km of track. Despite its name, only 45% of the system is actually undergr ound in tunnels, with much of the network in the outer environs of London being on the surface. In addition, the Underground does not cover most southern parts of Greater London, with less than 10% of the stations located south of the River Th ames. The early tube lines, originally owned by several private companies, were b brought together under the ‘UNDERGROUND brand’ in the early 20th century and and eventually merged along with the sub-surface lines and bus services.

BOOK, BOOK ITALIC & BOLD VILLAGE 12pt The current operator, London Underground Limited, is a wholly owned subsidiary o f Transport for London. As of 2015, 92% of operational expenditure is covered by pa ssenger fares. The Travelcard ticket was introduced in 1983 and Oyster, a contactless ticketing system, in 2003. Contactless card payments were introduced in 2014. The LPTB was a prominent patron of art and design, commissioning many new station b uildings, posters and public artworks in a modernist style. The schematic Tube map, designed by Harry Beck in 1931, was voted a national design icon in 2006 & now inc ludes other TfL transport systems such as the Docklands Light Railway, London Over ground and TfL Rail. Other famous London Underground branding includes the rou ndel and Johnston typeface, created by Edward Johnston in 1916.

LIGHT, LIGHT ITALIC & MEDIUM 12pt The idea of an underground railway linking the City of London with some of the railw ay termini in its urban centre was proposed in the 1830s, and the Metropolitan Railw ay was granted permission to build such a line in 1854. To prepare construction, a sh a short test tunnel was built in 1855 in Kibblesworth, a small town with geological pro properties similar to London. This test tunnel was used for two years in the develop ment of the first underground train, and was later, in 1861, filled up. The world’s first u underground railway, it opened in January 1863 between Paddington and Farringdo n using gas-lit wooden carriages hauled by steam locomotives. It was hailed as a suc cess, carrying 38,000 passengers on the opening day, and borrowing trains from oth er railways to supplement the service.

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BOLD & BOLD ITALIC 10pt The Metropolitan District Railway opened in December 1868 from South Kensington to Westminster as part of a plan for an underground “inner circle” connecting London’s m ain-line termini. The Metropolitan and District railways completed the Circle line in 188 4, built using the cut and cover method. Both railways expanded, the District building f ive branches to the west reaching Ealing, Hounslow, Uxbridge, Richmond and Wimbled on and the Metropolitan eventually extended as far as Verney Junction in Buckingham shire, more than 80 km from Baker Street and the centre of London. For the first deep- level tube line, the City and South London Railway, 3.10 m diameter circular tunnels we re dug between King William Street and Stockwell, under the roads to avoid the need for agreement with owners of property on the surface. This opened in 1890 with electr ic locomotives that hauled carriages with opaque windows, nicknamed padded cells.

MEDIUM, MEDIUM ITALIC & EXTRABOLD 10pt The Waterloo & City Railway opened in 1898, followed by the Central London Railway in 1900, known as the “twopenny tube”. These two ran electric trains in circular tunnels ha ving diameters between 3.56 m and 3.721 m, whereas the Great Northern & City Railway, which opened in 1904, was built to take main line trains from Finsbury Park to a Moorga te terminus in the City and had 4.9 m diameter tunnels.In the early 20th century, the Dis trict and Metropolitan railways needed to electrify and a joint committee recommende d an AC system, the two companies co-operating because of the shared ownership of t he inner circle. The District, needing to raise the finance necessary, found an investor in the American Charles Yerkes who favoured a DC system similar to that in use on the City & South London and Central London railways. The Metropolitan Railway protested abou t the change of plan, but after arbitration, the DC system was adopted.

BOOK, BOOK ITALIC & BOLD VILLAGE 10pt Yerkes soon had control of the District Railway and established the Underground Electri c Railways Company of London (UERL) in 1902 to finance and operate three tube lines, th the Baker Street and Waterloo Railway, the Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway and the Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway, which all opened between 190 6 and 1907. When the “Bakerloo” was so named in July 1906, The Railway Magazine called it an undignified “gutter title”.By 1907 the District and Metropolitan Railways had electrifi ed the underground sections of their lines. In January 1913, the UERL acquired the Central London Railway and the City & South London Railway, as well as many of London’s bus an d tram operators. Only the Metropolitan Railway, along with its subsidiaries the Great Nor thern & City Railway and the East London Railway, and the Waterloo & City Railway, by th then owned by the main line London and South Western Railway.

LIGHT, LIGHT ITALIC & MEDIUM 10pt A joint marketing agreement between most of the companies in the early years of the 20th century included maps, joint publicity, through ticketing and UNDERGROUND signs outsid e stations in Central London. The Bakerloo line was extended north to Queen’s Park to join a new electric line from Euston to Watford, but World War I delayed construction and train s reached Watford Junction in 1917. During air raids in 1915 people used the tube stations as shelters. An extension of the Central line west to Ealing was also delayed by the war and co mpleted in 1920. After the wargovernment-backed financial guarantees were used to exp and the network and the tunnels of the City and South London and Hampstead railways w ere linked at Euston & Kennington, although the combined service was not named the No rthern line until later. The Metropolitan promoted housing estates near the railway with the Metro-land brand and nine housing estates were built near stations on the line.

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BOLD & BOLD ITALIC 8.5pt In 1933, most of London’s underground railways, t n 1936. THE 1935–40 New Works Programme inclu ramway and bus services were merged to form th ded the extension of the Central and Northern lin e London Passenger Transport Board, (LPTB) whic es and the Bakerloo line to take over the Metropo h used the London Transport brand. The Waterlo litan’s Stanmore branch. World War II suspended o & City Railway, which was by then in the owner these plans after the Bakerloo line had reached S ship of the main line Southern Railway, remained tanmore and the Northern line High Barnet and M with its existing owners. In the same year that the ill Hill East in 1941. Following bombing in 1940 pas LPTB was formed, Harry Beck’s diagrammatic tub senger services over the West London Line were s e map appeared for the first time. In the following uspended, leaving Olympia exhibition centre with years, the outlying lines of the former Metropolit out a railway service until a District line shuttle fro an Railway closed, the Brill Tramway in 1935, and m Earl’s Court began after the war. Work restarted the line from Quainton Road to Verney Junction i on the Central line extensions in 1949.

MEDIUM, MEDIUM ITALIC & EXTRABOLD 8.5pt On 1 January 1948, under the provisions of the Tra d aluminium train entered service in 1953, this bec nsport Act 1947, the London Passenger Transport oming the standard for new trains. In the early 196 Board was nationalised and renamed the London T 0s the Metropolitan line was electrified as far as A ransport Executive becoming a subsidiary organisa mersham, British Railways providing services for th tion of the British Transport Commission, which wa e former Metropolitan line stations between Amer s formed on the same day. Under the same act, th rsham and Aylesbury. In 1962, the British Transport e country’s main line railways were also nationalis Commission was abolished, and the London Transp ed, and their reconstruction was given priority ove ort Executive was renamed the London Transport B r the maintenance of the Underground and most of oard, reporting directly to the Minister of Transpor the unfinished plans of the pre-war New Works P t. Also during the 1960s, the Victoria line was dug u rogramme were shelved or postponed. However, t nder central London and, unlike the earlier tubes, t he District line needed new trains and an unpainte he tunnels did not follow the roads above.

BOOK, BOOK ITALIC & BOLD VILLAGE 8.5pt London Underground’s eleven lines total 402 kilom are deep-level tubes, with smaller trains that run in etres in length, making it the third longest metro sy two circular tunnels with a diameter of 3.56 meters. stem in the world. These are made up of the sub-s These lines have the exclusive use of a pair of tracks urface network and the deep-tube lines. The Circle except for the Piccadilly line, which shares track wit District, Hammersmith & City, and Metropolitan lin h the District line between Acton Town and Hanger es form the sub-surface network, with railway tun Lane Junction and with the Metropolitan line betw nels just below the surface and of a similar size to t een Rayners Lane and Uxbridge; and the Bakerloo l hose on British main lines. The Hammersmith & Cit ine, which shares track with London Overground se y and Circle lines share stations and most of their tr rvices north of Queen’s Park. Fifty-five per cent of t ack with each other, as well as with the Metropolita the system runs on the surface. There are 32 km of n & District lines. The Bakerloo, Central, Jubilee, No cut-and-cover tunnel and 150 km of tube tunnel. M rthern, Piccadilly, Victoria and Waterloo & City lines any of the central London underground stations.

LIGHT, LIGHT ITALIC & MEDIUM 8.5pt Transport for London (TfL) was created in 2000 as t er of control of the London Underground delayed u he integrated body responsible for London’s transp ntil July 2003, when London Underground Limited port system. TfL is part of the Greater London Autho became an indirect subsidiary of TfL. Between 200 ority and is constituted as a statutory corporation re 0 and 2003, London Underground was reorganised gulated under local government finance rules. The T in a Public-Private Partnership where private infrast fL Board is appointed by the Mayor of London, who ructure companies upgraded and maintained the r also sets the structure and level of public transport f ailway. This was undertaken before control passed t ares in London. However the day-to-day running of o TfL, who were opposed to the arrangement. One the corporation is left to the Commissioner of Trans infraco went into administration in 2007 and TfL too port for London. TfL eventually replaced London Re ok over the responsibilities, TfL taking over the other Regional Transport, and discontinued the use of the in 2010. Electronic ticketing in the form of the conta London Transport brand in favour of its own brand. actless Oyster card was introduced in 2003. London The transfer of responsibility was staged, with transf Underground services on the East London line.

WWW.VLLG.COM 10 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Black & Black Italic 64pt Metropolitan Railway 32pt The London Underground is a public rapid transit system serving London and some parts of the adjacent counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex

VILLAGE and Hertfordshire in the UK.

24pt THE WORLD’S FIRST UNDERGROUND RAILWAY, THE METROPOLITAN RAILWAY, WHICH OPENED IN 1863, IS NOW PART OF THE CIRCLE, HAMMERSMITH & CITY AND METROPOLITAN LINES. THE 11 LINES COLLECTIVELY HANDLE APPROXIMATELY 4.8 MILLION PASSENGERS A DAY.

18pt The system’s first tunnels were built just below the surface, using the cut-and-cover method; later, smaller, roughly circular tunnels—which gave rise to its nickname, the Tube.

WWW.VLLG.COM 11 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Extrabold & Extrabold Italic 64pt London Transport

32pt The early tube lines were originally owned by several private companies. They were combined to form the Underground brand in the

VILLAGE early 20th century.

24pt THESE LINES EVENTUALLY MERGED ALONG WITH THE SUB-SURFACE LINES AND BUS SERVICES IN 1933 TO FORM LONDON TRANSPORT UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE LONDON PASSENGER TRANSPORT BOARD (LPTB), NOW THE LONDON UNDERGROUND LIMITED.

18pt As of 2015, 92% of operational expenditure is covered by passenger fares. The Travelcard ticket was introduced in 1983 and Oyster, a contactless ticketing system, in 2003.

WWW.VLLG.COM 12 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Extrabold & Extrabold Italic

16pt The LPTB was a prominent patron of art and design, commissioning many new station buildings, posters and public artworks in a modernist style. The schematic Tube map, designed by Harry Beck in 1931, was voted a national design icon in 2006 and now includes other TfL transport systems such as the Docklands Light Railway, London Overground and TfL Rail. Other famous London Underground branding includes the roundel and Johnston typeface, created by Edward Johnston in 1916.

14pt The idea of an underground railway linking the City of London with some of the railway termini in its urban centre was proposed in the 1830s, and the Metropolitan Railway was then granted permission to build such a line in 1854. To prepare construction, a short test tunnel was built in 1855 in Kibblesworth, a small town with geological properties similar to London. This test tunnel was used for two years in the development of the first under ground train, and was later, in 1861, filled up.

VILLAGE

12pt THE METROPOLITAN RAILWAY WAS THE WORLD’S FIRST UNDERGROUND RAIL LINE. IT OPENED IN JANUARY 1863 BETWEEN PADDINGTON AND FARRINGDON USING GAS-LIT WOODEN CARRIAGES HAULED BY STEAM LOCOMOTIVES. IT WAS HAILED AS A SUCCESS, CARRYING 38,000 PASSENGERS ON THE OPENING DAY, AND BORROWING TRAINS FROM OTHER RAILWAYS TO SUPPLEMENT THE SERVICE.THE METROPOLITAN DISTRICT RAILWAY OPENED IN DECEMBER 1868 FROM SOUTH KENSINGTON TO WESTMINSTER AS PART OF A PLAN FOR AN UNDERGROUND INNER CIRCLE CONNECTING LONDON’S MAIN-LINE TERMINI.

9pt The Metropolitan and District railways completed agreement with owners of property on the surface. the Circle line in 1884, built using the cut and cover This opened in 1890 with electric locomotives method. Both railways expanded, the District that hauled carriages with small opaque windows, building five branches to the west reaching Ealing, nicknamed padded cells. The Waterloo and City Hounslow, Uxbridge, Richmond and Wimbledon Railway opened in 1898, followed by the Central and the Metropolitan eventually extended as far London Railway in 1900, known as the “twopenny as Verney Junction in Buckinghamshire, more than tube”. These two ran electric trains in circular 80 km from Baker Street and the centre of London. tunnels having diameters between 3.56 & 3.721 m, For the first deep-level tube line, the City and whereas the Great Northern and City Railway, South London Railway, 3.10 m diameter circular which opened in 1904, was built to take main line tunnels were dug between King William Street and trains from Finsbury Park to a Moorgate terminus Stockwell, under the roads to avoid the need for in the City and had 4.9 m diameter tunnels.

WWW.VLLG.COM 13 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Bold & Bold Italic 64pt Twopenny Tube

32pt In 1890, electric locomotives began hauling metal carriages with small opaque windows beneath the city. These small carriages were nicknamed

VILLAGE padded cells.

24pt IN JANUARY 1913, THE UERL ACQUIRED THE CENTRAL LONDON RAILWAY & THE CITY & SOUTH LONDON RAILWAY, AS WELL AS MANY OF LONDON’S BUS AND TRAM OPERATORS. ONLY THE METROPOLITAN RAILWAY REMAINED OUTSIDE OF THE UL’S CONTROL.

18pt A joint marketing agreement between most of the rail companies in the early years of the 20th century included maps, joint publicity, through ticketing & UNDERGROUND signs in Central London.

WWW.VLLG.COM 14 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Bold & Bold Italic

16pt The idea of an underground railway linking the City of London with some of the railway termini in its urban centre was proposed in the 1830s, and the Metropolitan Railway was granted permission to build such a line in 1854. To prepare construction, a short test tunnel was built in 1855 in Kibblesworth, a small town with geological properties similar to London. This test tunnel was used for two years in the development of the first underground train, and was later, in 1861, filled up.

14pt The world’s first underground railway, it opened in January 1863 between Paddington and Farringdon using gas-lit wooden carriages hauled by steam locomotives. It was hailed as a success, carrying 38,000 passengers on the opening day, & borrowing trains from other railways to supplement the service. The Metropolitan District Railway opened in December 1868 from South Kensington to Westminster as part of a plan for an underground “inner circle” connecting London’s main-line termini

VILLAGE

12pt THE METROPOLITAN AND DISTRICT RAILWAYS COMPLETED THE CIRCLE LINE IN 1884, BUILT USING THE CUT AND COVER METHOD. BOTH RAILWAYS EXPANDED, THE DISTRICT BUILDING FIVE BRANCHES TO THE WEST REACHING EALING, HOUNSLOW, UXBRIDGE, RICHMOND & WIMBLEDON AND THE METROPOLITAN EVENTUALLY EXTENDED AS FAR AS VERNEY JUNCTION IN BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, MORE THAN 80 KM FROM BAKER STREET AND THE CENTRE OF LONDON. FOR THE FIRST DEEP-LEVEL TUBE LINE, THE CITY AND SOUTH LONDON RAILWAY, 3.10 M DIAMETER CIRCULAR TUNNELS WERE DUG BETWEEN KING WILLIAM STREET AND STOCKWELL, UNDER THE ROADS.

9pt Yerkes soon had control of the District Railway and the UERL acquired the Central London Railway and established the Underground Electric Railways the City & South London Railway, as well as many Company of London (UERL) in 1902 to finance and of London’s bus and tram operators. Only the Metro- operate three tube lines, the Baker Street and politan Railway, along with its subsidiaries the Waterloo Railway, the Charing Cross, Euston and Great Northern & City Railway and the East London Hampstead Railway and the Great Northern, Railway, and the Waterloo & City Railway, by then Piccadilly and Brompton Railway, which all opened owned by the main line London and South Western between 1906 and 1907. When the “Bakerloo” was Railway, remained outside of the Underground so named in July 1906, The Railway Magazine called Group’s control. A joint marketing agreement it an undignified “gutter title”.By 1907 the District between most of the companies in the early years and Metropolitan Railways had electrified the of the 20th century included maps, joint publicity, underground sections of their lines. In January 1913, through ticketing and Underground signs.

WWW.VLLG.COM 15 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Medium & Medium Italic 64pt Hammersmith & City Line

32pt In 1933, the year the London Passenger Transport Board was formed, Harry Beck’s now famous diagrammatic transit map appeared for the first

VILLAGE time in the city’s Underground.

18pt In the following years, the outlying lines of the former Metropolitan Railway closed, followed by the Brill Tramway in 1935, and the line from Quainton Road to Verney Junction in 1936.

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16pt World War II suspended these plans after the Bakerloo line had reached Stanmore and the Northern line High Barnet & Mill Hill East in 1941. Following bombing in 1940 passenger services over the West London Line were suspended, leaving Olympia exhibition centre without a railway service until a District line shuttle from Earl’s Court began after the war. After work restarted on theCentral line extensions in east & west London, these were complete in 1949. During the war many tube stations were used as air-raid shelters.

14pt On 1 January 1948, under the provisions of the Transport Act 1947, the London Passenger Transport Board was nationalised and renamed the London Transport Executive, becoming a subsidiary organisation of the British Transport Commission, which was formed on the same day. Under the same act, the country’s main line railways were also nationalised, and their reconstruction was given priority over the maintenance of the Underground and most of the unfinished plans of the pre-war New Works Programme were shelved or postponed.

VILLAGE

12pt THE DISTRICT LINE NEEDED NEW TRAINS AND AN UNPAINTED ALUMINIUM TRAIN ENTERED SERVICE IN 1953, THIS BECOMING THE STANDARD FOR NEW TRAINS. IN THE EARLY 1960S THE METROPOLITAN LINE WAS ELECTRIFIED AS FAR AS AMERSHAM, BRITISH RAILWAYS PROVIDING SERVICES FOR THE FORMER METROPOLITAN LINE STATIONS BETWEEN AMERSHAM & AYLESBURY. IN 1962, THE BRITISH TRANSPORT COMMISSION WAS ABOLISHED, AND THE LONDON TRANSPORT EXECUTIVE WAS RENAMED THE LONDON TRANSPORT BOARD, REPORTING DIRECTLY TO THE MINISTER OF TRANSPORT. DURING THE 1960S, THE VICTORIA LINE WAS DUG UNDER CENTRAL LONDON.

9pt On 1 January 1970 responsibility for public transport system of fare zones for buses and underground within Greater London passed from central govern- trains that cut the average fare in 1981. Underground ment to local government, in the form of the Greater fares increased following a legal challenge but London Council (GLC), and the London Transport the fare zones were retained, and in the mid-1980s Board was abolished. The London Transport brand the Travelcard and the Capitalcard were introduced. continued to be used by the GLC. In 1979 a new tube, In 1984 control of London Buses and the London the Jubilee line, that was named in honour of Queen Underground passed back to central government Elizabeth’s Silver Jubilee, took over the Stanmore with the creation of London Regional Transport (LRT), branch from the Bakerloo line, linking it to a newly which reported directly to the Secretary of State constructed tube between Baker Street and Charing for Transport, whilst retaining the London Transport Cross stations. Under the control of the Greater brand. One person operation had been planned in London Council, London Transport introduced the 1968, but conflict with the trade unions delayed it.

WWW.VLLG.COM 17 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Book & Book Italic 64pt Waterloo & City Railway

32pt This line is coloured turquoise on the Tube map. It is by far the shortest line on the Tube network at 2.37 km with an end-to-end journey lasting for

VILLAGE four minutes.

24pt THE WATERLOO AND CITY LINE RUNS BETWEEN WATERLOO AND BANK WITH NO INTERMEDIATE STOPS. ITS PRIMARY TRAFFIC CONSISTS OF COMMUTERS FROM SOUTH-WEST LONDON, SURREY & HAMPSHIRE TO THE CITY OF LONDON FINANCIAL DISTRICT.

18pt The line was built by the Waterloo & City Railway Co. and was opened in 1898. At the time it was the second electric underground railway in London, following the City and South London Railway.

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16pt The London and South Western Railway (LSWR) reached Waterloo Bridge in 1848, serving routes from Southampton and Richmond. The location was some distance short of the principal commercial area of the City of London, and as regular business travel developed the inconvenience of the location became an issue. The LSWR had hoped to build a line eastwards to near London Bridge but the slump following the railway mania, and the high cost of building through the area, led to abandonment of the idea.

14pt When the South Eastern Railway built its extension from London Bridge to Charing Cross, a connecting railway line from it to Waterloo was built; but friction & competitive hostility between the companies frustrated beneficial use of the connection and it fell into disuse at the end of 1867. A Waterloo Junction station was built on the Charing Cross line and opened in January 1869, but through ticketing was refused and the onward connection remained frustratingly difficult. A Waterloo and Whitehall Railway was promoted in 1864.

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12pt A WATERLOO & WHITEHALL RAILWAY WAS PROMOTED IN 1864, TO CONSTRUCT A TUBE RAILWAY FROM GREAT SCOTLAND YARD TO WATERLOO. IT WAS TO USE AIR PRESSURE TO PROPEL THE VEHICLES NORTHWARDS, & WAS TO EXHAUST AIR TO DRAW THEM SOUTHWARDS, USING A PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL OF 11 MBAR. THE TRAINS THEMSELVES WOULD BE THE PISTONS. THE COMPANY CAPITAL WAS TO BE £100,000. IT WAS SUGGESTED THAT THERE COULD BE A BRANCH TO WHERE THE EMBANKMENT STATION IS NOW LOCATED: IT IS NOT CLEAR HOW A JUNCTION WOULD BE MANAGED IN A PNEUMATIC RAILWAY. THERE WERE TO BE THREE VEHICLES, ONE LOADING AT EACH TERMINAL.

9pt In 1891 the Corporation of the City of London made £500,000; the proposal was supported by the LSWR a statistical survey which it published ancillary to but was independent. Three other “tube” railways the National Census taken in that year. 37,694 persons were proposed in the same Parliamentary session, lived in the City, but the daytime occupation was the traditional cut-and-cover method being seen as 310,384. In fact on 4 May 1891, 1,186,094 entries to the impractical, as was an elevated railway on viaduct. City were made, i.e., many people entered more than Electric urban railways had been introduced in once. Separate statistical information is that about Germany in 1891 and in the United States of America, 50,000 persons arrived at Waterloo daily, of whom and were in daily, widespread use; but in the United about 12,000 proceeded to the City by some means. Kingdom, only one example was in existence, the In November 1891 a bill was deposited to build an City and South London Railway. The progress of the underground electric railway from Waterloo to bill through Parliament was slow, partly because of the the Mansion House in the City; the capital was to be novelty of considering tube railway schemes.

WWW.VLLG.COM 19 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Light & Light Italic 64pt Harrow & Wealdstone

32pt The station was opened by the London & Birmingham Railway as Harrow on 20 July 1837 in what was then rural Middlesex. At the time the station was

VILLAGE built, the area was fieldscape.

24pt HARROW & WEALDSTONE STATION IS AN INTERCHANGE IN WEALDSTONE IN THE LONDON BOROUGH OF HARROW. IT IS SERVED BY LONDON OVERGROUND, LONDON MIDLAND, SOUTHERN AND THE LONDON UNDERGROUND SERVICES. H&W STATION WAS OPENED IN 1837.

18pt At the time the station was built, the area was fields and the nearest large settlement was at Harrow on the Hill about 2.4 km to the south. Wealdstone was a collection of houses 1.6 km north of the station.

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16pt On 18 December 1890, a short branch line was opened by the London & North Western Railway (LNWR, successor to the L&BR) to Stanmore to the north-east of the main line. In 1932 an intermediate halt was constructed as Belmont to serve the developing residential areas locally. The train was known affectionately as the “Belmont Rattler”.By the end of the 19th century Wealdstone had developed in size and the station was given its current name on 1 May 1897 to more accurately accurately reflect its location.

14pt The station buildings on the south west (Harrow) side of the station are the older part of the station, located beside what were the fast lines until the platforms were used for the later Euston to Watford DC line and the main line tracks were re-routed through the previous slow line platforms and new platforms (numbers 5 and 6) to the north east; a new, larger, station building was also erected on this Wealdstone side of the station. The station footbridge was originally constructed with a full-height central barrier with passengers using the “London” side.

VILLAGE

12pt THE STATION HAS UNDERGONE SEVERAL IMPROVEMENTS IN RECENT YEARS, WITH THE FOOTBRIDGE IMPROVED BY REMOVAL OF THE CENTRAL BARRIER TO ALLOW USE OF ITS FULL WIDTH, NEW LIFTS FOR THE USE OF DISABLED PERSONS, AS WELL AS NEWLY PAINTED AND BRIGHTLY ILLUMINATED WAITING ROOMS. IN RECENT YEARS, THE TWO-TRACK REVERSING SIDINGS LOCATED BETWEEN THE TRACKS OF THE DC LINE AT THE NORTHERN END SIDE OF THE STATION HAVE BEEN REPLACED BY A SINGLE SIDING. THE CURVE AT THE DOWN END OF PLATFORM 2 SAVED SPACE BY REMOVING ONE SIDING; THIS IN PRACTICE LEAVES THE SIDING UNAVAILABLE FOR USE BY LO TRAINS EXCEPT WHEN BAKERLOO TRAINS ARE NOT RUNNING.

9pt Harrow and Wealdstone is one of the two stations on lines but all can use either pair of platforms when the DC line which can be used for turning or stabling needed since the four Main Line platforms were trains clear of the running lines during reduced or lengthened to take 12-coach trains. Platform 2 on the disrupted services although trains can be reversed Up DC line has unusually been maintained at a length using crossovers at more stations. Ticket gatelines have of 182m, rather than the usual DC line length of around been installed at both entrances in addition to the 125m, long enough for an 8-coach train. On rare past pre-existing booking offices. Trains on the Fast lines occasions in recent years involving total closure of the pass the station through platforms 3 and 4, usually Fast and Slow lines, main line trains have been diverted without stopping to serve it; access to these platforms over the DC line between Watford Junction & Euston is now by staff-operated gates which are opened but without stopping at intermediate stations. The when necessary. Southern & London Midland stopping station has undergone several improvements in recent services generally use platforms 5 and 6 on the Slow years, easing conjestion and wait times.

WWW.VLLG.COM 21 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Thin & Thin Italic 64pt The Evolution of the Roundel

32pt The first use of a roundel in a London transport context was the trademark of the London General Omnibus Company registered in 1905. It was used

VILLAGE on the Underground in 1908.

24pt IN 1908, THE UERL PLACED A SOLID RED CIRCLE BEHIND STATION NAMEBOARDS ON PLATFORMS TO HIGHLIGHT THE STOP NAMES. LATER ON, “UNDERGROUND” WAS PLACED IN THE ROUNDEL IN LIEU OF INDIVIDUAL STATION NAME ON ALL POSTERS. THE ROUNDEL BECAME A RING.

18pt Frank Pick thought the solid red disc cumbersome and drew a version where the disc became a ring from a 1915 Sharland poster. He gave it to Edward Johnston to develop, and registered the symbol as a trademark.

WWW.VLLG.COM 22 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Hairline & Hairline Italic 64pt Underground Typography

32pt Edward Johnson, CSE, is best known for designing the iconic sans-serif Johnston typeface used throughout the London Underground system until it was

VILLAGE redesigned in the 1980s.

24pt EDWARD JOHNSON ALSO REDESIGNED THE FAMOUS ROUNDEL SYMBOL USED THROUGHOUT THE SYSTEM. IN 1908, THE LONDON UNDERGROUND ROUNDEL SHIFTED FROM A RED CIRCLE TO A RED RING ENCIRCLING THE TYPOGRAPHY, AS IT REMAINS TODAY.

18pt Some of Johnson’s design students were quite critical of his decision to create a sans-serif typographic design for the Underground, in a style then thought of as too modernist and industrial.

WWW.VLLG.COM 23 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Roman character set

Uppercase ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWWXYZ

Uppercase Diacritics ÁÀÂÃÄÅĀ ĂĄÆǼÇĆĈĊČĎĐÉÈÊËĒĔĖĘĚĜĞĠ ĢĤĦÍÌÎÏĨĪĬĮİĴĶĹĽĻĿŁŃŅŇÑÓÒÔÕŌÖŎŐØǾ ŒŔŖŘŚŜŠŞȘŦŤŢÚÙÛÜŨŪŮŰŬŲẂẀẄŴẂẀ ẄŴÝỲŶŸĲŹŻŽŊÐÞ

Lowercase abcdefgghijklmnopqrsttuvwxyz

Lowercase áàâãäåāăąæǽçćĉċčďđéèêëēĕėęěĝğġģĝğġģ ĥħíìîïĩīĭįıĵȷķĸĺľļŀłńņňñóòôõöōŏőøǿœŕŗřśŝšş șßŧťţŧťţúùûüũūůűŭųẃẁẅŵýỳŷÿĳźżžŋðþ

Stylistic Set VILLAGE 01: Square Dots ÄĊËĖĠĢÏİĶĻĿŅÖŖȘŢÜẄŸŻ äċëėġģ�ïįjķŀņöŗș ţüẅÿż.,…:;!?¡¿‘‘’““”‚„

Stylistic Set 02: Alternate Uppercase W WẂẀŴẄẄ

Stylistic Set 03: Alternate Lowercase g ggĝğġġģģ

Stylistic Set 04: Alternate ttţţťŧ Lowercase t

Stylistic Set 04: Reverse ‘‘““ Quotes

Ligatures fi fl ft ftt gg tt

WWW.VLLG.COM 24 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Roman character set

Punctuation, Symbols #%&”’^°*!¡?¿@()/\[]{}〈〉·•-–‒—_.,:;…‚„‘‘’““” & Accents ℮‰†‡§¶©®®™´`ˆˇˉ˘˙˚¨˜˝¸˛

Case- Sensitive ·•-–‒—/|¦�\()[]{}¡¿«»‹›〈〉@ Glyphs

Math Symbols +−×÷=≈≠±≡~¬∞<>≤≥ |¦�∂◊ΔΠ∑√∫Ωμπ ⁄

Arrows ←↖↘↑↓↙↗→

Currency €$¢ƒ£¥

Proportional Tabular Lining 0123456789 Lining 0123456789 Numerals Numerals

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Proportional Tabular Oldstyle 0123456789 Oldstyle 0123456789 Numerals Numerals

Superscript Nums. & Subscript ⁰¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹⁽⁺⁻⁼⁾ 0123456789₍₊₋₌₎ & Denoms. ⁰¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹/0123456789

Pre-built Fractions ½ ⅓ ⅔ ¼ ¾ ⅕ ⅖ ⅗ ⅘ ⅙ ⅚ ⅛ ⅜ ⅝ ⅞

Ordinals abcdefgghijklmⁿopqrsttuvwxyz

WWW.VLLG.COM 25 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Italic character set

Uppercase ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWWXYZ

Lowercase abcdefgghijklmnopqrsttuvwxyz

Stylistic Set VILLAGE 01: Square Punctuation ÄĊËĖĠĢÏİĶĻĿŅÖŖȘŢÜẄŸŻ äċëėġģ�ïįjķŀņöŗș ţüẅÿż.,…:;!?¡¿‘‘’““”‚„

Stylistic Set 02: Alternate Uppercase W WẂẀŴẄẄ

Stylistic Set 03: Alternate Lowercase g ggĝğġġģģ

Stylistic Set 04: Alternate ttţţťŧ Lowercase t

Stylistic Set 04: Reverse ‘‘““ Quotes

Ligatures fi fl ft ftt gg tt

WWW.VLLG.COM 26 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Italic character set

Case- Sensitive ·•-–‒—/|¦�\()[]{}¡¿«»‹›〈〉@ Glyphs

Math Symbols +−×÷=≈≠±≡~¬∞<>≤≥ |¦�∂◊ΔΠ∑√∫Ωμπ ⁄

Arrows ←↖↘↑↓↙↗→

Currency €$¢ƒ£¥

Proportional Tabular Lining 0123456789 Lining 0123456789 Numerals Numerals

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Proportional Tabular Oldstyle 0123456789 Oldstyle 0123456789 Numerals Numerals

Superscript Nums. & Subscript ⁰¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹⁽⁺⁻⁼⁾ 0123456789₍₊₋₌₎ & Denoms. ⁰¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹/0123456789

Pre-built Fractions ½ ⅓ ⅔ ¼ ¾ ⅕ ⅖ ⅗ ⅘ ⅙ ⅚ ⅛ ⅜ ⅝ ⅞

Ordinals abcdefgghijklmⁿopqrsttuvwxyz

WWW.VLLG.COM 27 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 OpenType Features

CASE-SENSITIVE GLYPHS Activate with an All Caps text setting or via the glyph palette OFF «Hola, ¿cómo estás?» ON «HOLA, ¿CÓMO ESTÁS?»

SQUARE PUNCTUATION Access via Stylistic Set 01 or the glyph palette OFF Brünnhilde, how are you? ON Brünnhilde, how are you?

ALTERNATE UPPERCASE W Access via Stylistic Set 02 or the glyph palette OFF Westerly Winds ON Westerly Winds

SCHOOLBOOK LOWERCASE g Access via Stylistic Set 03 or the glyph palette OFF a grown gaggle of geese ON a grown gaggle of geese

ALTERNATE LOWERCASE t Access via Stylistic Set 05 or the glyph palette OFF talk together today ON talk together today

REVERSE QUOTES Access via Stylistic Set 05 or the glyph palette OFF “quote unquote” ON “quote unquote”

VILLAGE LOCALISED DIACRITICS FOR ROMANIAN Access via Stylistic Set 05 or the glyph palette OFF Jucăuş Şoaptă ON Jucăuș Șoaptă

PRE-BUILT & ARBITRARY FRACTIONS Access via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF 21/2 cups + 7/16 teaspoon ON 21/2 cups + 7/16 teaspoon

PROPORTIONAL LINING NUMERALS These are the default numerals DEFAULT £4,356.78 growth in 2018

TABULAR LINING NUMERALS Access via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF £4,356.78 growth in 2018 ON £4,356.78 growth in 2018

PROPORTIONAL OLDSTYLE NUMERALS Access via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF £4,356.78 growth in 2018 ON £4,356.78 growth in 2018

TABULAR OLDSTYLE NUMERALS Access via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF £4,356.78 growth in 2018 ON £4,356.78 growth in 2018

WWW.VLLG.COM 28 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 OpenType Features

SUPERIORS Activate via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF 8€50 per litre ON 8€50 per litre

INFERIORS Activate via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF Elements: CO2 H2O ON Elements: CO2 H2O

ORDINALS Activate via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF 123 West 45th Street, No6 ON 123 West 45th Street, No6

NUMERATORS Activate via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF 1/2 + 3/4 + 5/6 ON 1/2 + 3/4 + 5/6

DENOMINATORS Activate via OpenType or the glyph palette OFF 1/2 + 3/4 + 5/6 ON 1/2 + 3/4 + 5/6

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WWW.VLLG.COM 29 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Selected Accented Language Texts

Cesky Všeobecnou deklaraci lidských práv jakožto společný cíl pro všechny národy a všechny státy 10pt za tím účelem, aby se každý jednotlivec a každý orgán společnosti, maje tuto deklaraci stále na mysli, snažil vyučováním a výchovou rozšířit úctu k těmto právům a svobodám azajistit postupnými opatřeními vnitrostátními i mezinárodními jejich všeobecné a účinné uznávání a zachovávání jak mezi lidem členských států samých, tak i mezi lidem území, jež jsou pod jejich pravomocí. Všichni lidé rodí se svobodní a sobě rovní co do důstojnosti a práv. Jsou nadáni rozumem a svědomím a mají spolu jednat v duchu bratrství. Každý má všechna práva a všechny svobody, stanovené touto deklarací, bez jakéhokoli rozlišování zejména podle rasy, barvy, pohlaví, jazyka, nábozenství, politického nebo jiného smýšlení.

Dansk Plenarforsamlingen derfor nu denne derfor nu denne verdenserklæring om menneskerettig- 10pt hederne som et fælles mål for alle folk og alle nationer med det formål, at ethvert menneske og ethvert samfundsorgan stedse med denne erklæring for øje skal stræbe efter gennem undervisning og opdragelse at fremme respekt for disse rettigheder og friheder og gennem fremadskridende nationale og internationale foranstaltninger at sikre, at de anerkendes og overholdes overalt og effektivt, både blandt befolknin-gerne i medlemsstaterne og blandt befolkningerne i de områder, der befinder sig under deres styre. Alle mennesker er født frie og lige i værdighed og rettigheder. De er udstyret med fornuft og samvittighed, og de bør handle mod hverandre i en broderskabets ånd.

VILLAGE Deutsch Verkündet die Generalversammlung diese Allgemeine Erklärung der Menschenrechte als das 10pt von allen Völkern und Nationen zu erreichende gemeinsame Ideal, damit jeder einzelne und alle Organe der Gesellschaft sich diese Erklärung stets gegenwärtig halten und sich bemühen, durch Unterricht und Erziehung die Achtung vor diesen Rechten und Freiheiten zu fördern und durch fortschreitende nationale und internationale Maßnahmen ihre allgemeine und tatsächli- che Anerkennung und Einhaltung durch die Bevölkerung der Mitgliedstaaten selbst wie auch durch die Bevölkerung der ihrer Hoheitsgewalt unterstehenden Gebiete zu gewährleisten. Alle Menschen sind frei und gleich an Würde und Rechten geboren. Sie sind mit Vernunft und Gewissen begabt und sollen einander im Geist der Brüderlichkeit.

Español La Asamblea General Proclama la presente Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos como 10pt ideal común por el que todos los pueblos y naciones deben esforzarse, a fin de que tanto los individuos como las instituciones, inspirándose constantemente en ella, promuevan, mediante la enseñanza y la educación, el respeto a estos derechos y libertades, y aseguren, por medidas progresivas de carácter nacional e internacional, su reconocimiento y aplicación universales y efectivos, tanto entre los pueblos de los Estados Miembros como entre los de los territorios colocados bajo su jurisdicción. Todos los seres humanos nacen libres e iguales en dignidad y derechos y, dotados como están de razón y conciencia, deben comportarse fraternalmente los unos con los otros.

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Finnish Yleiskokous Antaa tämän ihmisoikeuksien yleismaailmallisen julistuksen kaikkien kansojen 10pt ja kaikkien kansakuntien tavoiteltavaksi yhteiseksi ohjeeksi, jotta kukin yksilö ja kukin yhteiskun- taelin pyrkisi, pitäen alati mielessään tämän julistuksen, valistamalla ja opettamalla edistämään näiden oikeuksien ja vapauksien kunnioittamista sekä turvaamaan jatkuvin kansallisin ja kansainvälisin toimenpitein niiden yleisen ja tehokkaan tunnustamisen ja noudattamisen sekä itse jäsenvaltioiden kansojen että niiden oikeuspiirissä olevien alueiden kansojen keskuudessa. Kaikki ihmiset syntyvät vapaina ja tasavertaisina arvoltaan ja oikeuksiltaan. Heille on annettu järki ja omatunto, ja heidän on toimittava toisiaan kohtaan veljeyden hengessä.

Français L’Assemblée générale proclame la présente Déclaration universelle des droits de l’homme 10pt comme l’idéal commun à atteindre par tous les peuples et toutes les nations afin que tous les individus et tous les organes de la société, ayant cette Déclaration constamment à l’esprit, s’efforcent, par l’enseignement et l’éducation, de développer le respect de ces droits et libertés et d’en assurer, par des mesures progressives d’ordre national et international, la reconnaissance et l’application universelles et effectives, tant parmi les populations des Etats Membres eux-mêmes que parmi celles des territoires placés sous leur juridiction. Tous les êtres humains naissent libres et égaux en dignité et en droits. Ils sont doués de raison et de conscience et doivent agir les uns envers les autres dans un esprit de fraternité.

Íslenska Fyrir því hefur allsherjarþing Sameinuðu þjóðanna fallizt á mannréttindayfirlýsingu þá, sem VILLAGE 10pt hér með er birt öllum þjóðum og ríkjum til fyrirmyndar. Skulu einstaklingar og yfirvöld jafnan hafa yfirlýsingu þessa í huga og kappkosta með fræðslu og uppeldi að efla virðingu fyrir réttindum Þeim og frjálstræÞi, sem hér er að stefnt. Ber og hverjum einum að stuðla Þeim framförum, innan ríkis og ríkja í milli, er að markmiðum yfirlýsingarinnar stefna, tryggja almenna og virka viðurkenningu á grundvallaratriðum hennar og sjá um, að Þau verði í heiðri höfó, bæði meðal Þjóða aðildarríkjanna sjálfra og meðal Þjóða á landsvæðum Þeim, er hlita lögsögu aðildarríkja. Hver maður er borinn frjáls og jafn öðrum að virðingu og réttindum. Menn eru gæddir vitsmunum og samvizku, og ber þeim að breyta bróðurlega hverjum við.

Polski Przeto zgromadzenie ogólne Ogłasza Uroczyście niniejszą Powszechną Deklarację Praw Człowie- 10pt ka jako wspólny najwyższy cel wszystkich ludów i wszystkich narodów, aby wszyscy ludzie i wszystkie organy społeczeństwa mając stale w pamięci niniejszą Deklarację — dążyły w drodze nauczania i wychowywania do rozwijania poszanowania tych praw i wolności i aby zapewniły za pomocą postępowych środków o zasięgu krajowym i międzynarodowym powszechne i skuteczne uznanie i stosowanie tej Deklaracji zarówno wśród narodów Państw Członkowskich, jak i wśród narodów zamieszkujących podległe ich władzy. Wszyscy ludzie rodzą się wolni i równi pod względem swej godności i swych praw. Są oni obdarzeni rozumem i sumieniem i powinni postępować wobec innych w duchu braterstwa.

WWW.VLLG.COM 31 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Selected Accented Language Texts

Nyorsk Den 10. desember 1948 vedtok og kunngjorde De Forente Nasjoners tredje Generalforsamling 10pt Verdenserklæringen om Menneskerettighetene. Erklæringen ble vedtatt med 48 lands jastem- mer. Ingen land stemte mot. 8 land avsto. Umiddelbart etter denne historiske begivenhet henstilte Generalforsamlingen til alle medlemsstater å bekjentgjøre Erklæringens tekst og sørge for at den blir distribuert, framvist, lest og forklart spesielt i skoler og andre læreinstitujoner, uten hensyn til de forskjellige lands eller områders politiske status”. Erklæringens offisielle tekst foreligger på FNs seks arbeidsspråk: arabisk, engelsk, fransk, kinesisk, russisk og spansk. En lang rekke av FNs medlemsstater har fulgt Generalforsamlingens oppfordring og oversatt Erklæringen til de nasjonale språk.

Portu- Todos os seres humanos podem invocar os direitos e as liberdades proclamados na presente guese 10pt Declaração, sem distinção alguma, nomeadamente de raça, de cor, de sexo, de língua, de religião, de opinião política ou outra, de origem nacional ou social, de fortuna, de nascimento ou de qualquer outra situação. Além disso, não será feita nenhuma distinção fundada no estatuto político, jurídico ou internacional do país ou do território da naturalidade da pessoa, seja esse país ou território independente, sob tutela, autônomo ou sujeito a alguma limitação de soberania. Todo indivíduo tem direito à vida, à liberdade e à segurança pessoal. Ninguém será mantido em escravatura ou em servidão; a escravatura e o trato dos escravos, sob todas as formas, são proibidos.

VILLAGE Svenska Generalförsamlingen denna allmänna förklaring om de mänskliga rättigheterna såsom en 10pt gemensam riktlinje för alla folk och alla nationer, på det att varje individ och varje samhällsor gan må med denna förklaring i åtanke ständigt sträva efter att genom undervisning och uppfostran befordra respekten för dessa fri- och rättigheter samt genom framstegsfrämjande inhemska och internationella åtgärder säkerställa deras allmänna och verksamma erkännande och tilllämpning såväl bland folken i medlemsstaterna som bland folken i områden under deras överhöghet. Alla människor äro födda fria och lika i värde och rättigheter. De äro utrusta- de med förnuft och samvete och böra handla gentemot varandra i en anda av broderskap.

Türkçe İnsanlik topluluğunun bütün fertleriyle uzuvlarının bu beyannameyi daima gözönünde 10pt tutarak öğretim ve eğitim yoluyla bu haklar ve hürriyetlere saygıyı geliştirmeye, gittikçe artan milli ve milletlerarası tedbirlerle gerek bizzat üye devletler ahalisi gerekse bu devletlerin idaresi altındaki ülkeler ahalisi arasında bu hakların dünyaca fiilen tanınmasını ve tatbik edilmesini sağlamaya gayret etmeleri amacıyla bütün halklar ve milletler için ulaşılacak ortak ideal olarak işbu İnsan Hakları Evrensel Beyannamesini ilan eder. Bütün insanlar hür, haysiyet ve haklar bakımından eşit doğarlar. Akıl ve vicdana sahiptirler ve birbirlerine karşı kardeşlik zihniyeti ile hareket etmelidirler. Herkes, ırk, renk, cinsiyet, dil, din, siyasi veya diğer herhangi bir akide, milli veya içtimai menşe, servet.

WWW.VLLG.COM 32 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 About the Centra Series

page 1 of 4 Josh Finklea’s newest release, the Centra series, is a study in utility and restraint. In keeping with his approach of iteration and improvement to the traditional typographic tools of graphic design, Finklea’s latest work tackles one of typography’s most popular genres, the geometric sans. Instead of strict adherence to a formal geometric structure, Finklea’s approach to the Bauhaus model is largely aesthetic. While Futura and other historical models of the genre were designed as distilled typographic expressions of modernism, Centra acts as a contemporary typographic expression with modernist characteristics. Centra emphasizes texture and readability over conceptual rationale, attributes that can be frustratingly elusive when using many strictly geometric sans-serif typefaces.

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The Centra Series is divided into two parts, both sharing a foundational geometric structure. While Centra No.2 leans into its modernist roots, Centra No.1 finds a more humanist voice, drawing inspiration from the great British contributions to the genre like Johnston and Gill Sans. The construction differences between the two families, as well as their intricate system of stylistic alternates, comprise an interesting stylistic axis, between the geometric and the mildly humanist, and provide designers with a robust set of tools for navigating this axis.

WWW.VLLG.COM 33 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 About the Centra Series

page 2 of 4

Edward Johnston’s drawing of the London Underground typeface from 1916.

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Specimen spread of Stephenson Blake’s typeface Granby, 1930.

WWW.VLLG.COM 34 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 About the Centra Series

page 3 of 4 Comprised of two parts, the Centra series shares a standard foundation of consistent characters between Centra No.1 and No.2. A small but consequential selection of differentiated characters give each version it’s own distinct nature.

Centra No.1, the humanist edition of the Centra series, employs classic vertical sheers reminiscent of ancient roman capital construction, but within a geometric framework. Centra No.2, the more modernist VILLAGE geometric of the series, ends its curvilinear terminals with diagonal shears and smooth tapering (with the exception of the uppercase and lowercase C, a nod to the late great Paul Renner).

Left: Centra No.1; Right Centra: No.2

Centra No.1 is an interesting balance of humanist construction applied to a geometric framework. It contains double story a and g forms more reminiscent of the written word, making it more suitable for text environments, as well as a distinctive Eric Gill inspired t.

WWW.VLLG.COM 35 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 About the Centra Series

page 4 of 4

Left: Centra No.1; Right Centra: No.2

The Centra Series is a work of balance and texture. Centra is a geometric built to last. Designed by Joshua Finklea in 2017 with Lucas Sharp.

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WWW.VLLG.COM 36 SHARP TYPE / Centra No.1 Supported Languages & Formats

SUPPORTED LANGUAGES ISO 8859– 1 Afrikaans, Albanian, Basque, Breton, Catalan, Danish, English (UK & US), Faroese, Galician, LATIN1 German, Icelandic, Irish (new orthography), Italian, Kurdish (The Kurdish Unified Alphabet), Latin (basic classical orthography), Leonese, Luxembourgish (basic classical orthography), Norwegian (Bokmål & Nynorsk), Occitan, Portuguese (Portuguese & Brazilian), Rhaeto-Romanic, Scottish Gaelic, Spanish, Swahili, Swedish, Walloon

ISO 8859– 2 Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, German, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian (when in the Latin LATIN2 script), Slovak, Slovene, Upper Sorbian & Lower Sorbian

ISO 8859– 3 Esperanto, Maltese, Turkish LATIN3

ISO 8859– 4 Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Greenlandic, Sami LATIN4

ISO 8859– 9 LATIN5 Turkish

VILLAGE ISO 8859– 10 Nordic languages LATIN6

SUPPORTED FORMATS & LICENSING Desktop This license is what you purchase to produce static graphics such as unembedded PDFs and OTF web graphics, branding logos, and so on. Desktop fonts are licensed based on the number of computers in your organization that will download the font.

WebFont This license is what you purchase to use our typefaces on your website using the @font-face WOFF, TTF, EOT, SVG technology. Webfonts are licensed based on the number of website visitors per month.

Software This license is what you purchase to embed our fonts in a software application. Software Application embedding licenses are available upon request. Please send inquiries for a custom software license to [email protected].