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Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej CBOS CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ SEKRETARIAT 629 - 35 - 69, 628 - 37 - 04 UL. ŻURAWIA 4A, SKR. PT.24 ZESPÓŁ REALIZACJI 00 - 503 W A R S Z A W A BADAŃ 621 - 07 - 57, 628 - 90 - 17 TELEFAX 629 - 40 - 89 INTERNET: http://www.cbos.pl E-mail: [email protected] BS/17/17/96 STOSUNEK DO POLITYKÓW W TRAKCIE KRYZYSU KOMUNIKAT Z BADAŃ WARSZAWA, STYCZEŃ 1996 PRZEDRUK MATERIAŁÓW CBOS W CAŁOŚCI LUB W CZĘŚCI ORAZ WYKORZYSTANIE DANYCH EMPIRYCZNYCH JEST DOZWOLONE WYŁĄCZNIE Z PODANIEM ŹRÓDŁA ZAUFANIE DO POLITYKÓW W ciągu ostatniego miesiąca znacznie wzrosło zaufanie do Aleksandra Kwaśniewskiego (o 12 punktów), Józefa Zycha i Grzegorza Kołodki (po 10 punktów) oraz Waldemara Pawlaka (o 9 punktów)1. Jednocześnie ze wzrostem zaufania obserwujemy w przypadku tych osób spadek nieufności. Największy notuje urzędujący prezydent (o 12 punktów). Największym zaufaniem cieszą się obecnie: Jacek Kuroń, Józef Zych, Aleksander Kwaśniewski i Tadeusz Zieliński. Warto zwrócić uwagę, że ostatnie wydarzenia w życiu politycznym kraju, związane z oskarżeniem Józefa Oleksego o kontakty z obcym wywiadem, wpłynęły na zmniejszenie zaufania do dwu głównych aktorów sceny politycznej. W przypadku premiera odnotowaliśmy gwałtowny - największy spośród polityków objętych rankingiem - spadek zaufania (o 15 punktów). Z kolei były minister spraw wewnętrznych - Andrzej Milczanowski utrzymał się na grudniowym poziomie zaufania, jednakże w jego przypadku nastąpił znaczący wzrost stopnia nieufności (o 16 punktów). Odnotowaliśmy również znaczny spadek wskaźnika zaufania do Lecha Wałęsy (o 9 punktów). Nie znalazły swego odzwierciedlenia inne wydarzenia na scenie politycznej, takie choćby, jak konflikt w UPR czy powstanie Ruchu Odbudowy Polski "Odrodzenie". Zarówno poziom zaufania, jak i nieufności w stosunku do Janusza Korwin-Mikkego pozostał bez zmian, w przypadku zaś Jana Olszewskiego notujemy nieznaczny spadek zaufania (o 4 punkty). Do polityków budzących najwięcej nieufności należą: Lech Wałęsa, Janusz Korwin-Mikke, Leszek Moczulski i Jerzy Jaskiernia. 1 Badanie "Aktualne problemy i wydarzenia" (68), 12-16 stycznia '96, reprezentatywna próba losowa dorosłej ludności kraju (N=1177). - 2 - Tabela 1. Stosunek do polityków w grudniu '95 w procentach Politycy Zaufanie Nieufność Obojętność Nieznajomość Średnia Jacek Kuroń 82 8 8 1 2.5 Józef Oleksy 61 23 1321.2 Józef Zych 59 6 17 162.1 Tadeusz Zieliński 57 11 17 14 1.5 Aleksander Kwaśniewski 56 3110 1 0.9 Jan Olszewski 54 19 1961.1 Lech Wałęsa 51 34 13 0 0.5 Władysław Bartoszewski 48 10 13281.9 Grzegorz Kołodko 43 27 18 10 0.4 Waldemar Pawlak 43 29 24 3 0.3 Marian Krzaklewski 41 28 17 12 0.3 Leszek Balcerowicz 40 33 1880.1 Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz 38 37 21 3 -0.2 Leszek Moczulski 35 38 19 7 -0.3 Leszek Miller 34 30 18 17 -0.2 Andrzej Milczanowski 34 15 17 33 0.8 Ryszard Bugaj 33 22 21 22 0.3 Lech Kaczyński 28 38 23 9 -0.5 Wiesław Kaczmarek 26 18 14 40 0.0 Janusz Korwin-Mikke 24 44 20 10-1.1 Marek Borowski 22 17 15 45 0.9 Ewa Spychalska 20 16 19 44 -0.1 Aleksander Łuczak 19 10 17 53 0.4 Roman Jagieliński 1591461 0.3 - 3 - Tabela 2. Stosunek do polityków w styczniu '96 w procentach Politycy Zaufanie Nieufność Obojętność Nieznajomość Średnia Jacek Kuroń 82 7 10 1 2.4 Józef Zych 69 4 14 12 2.6 Aleksander Kwaśniewski 68 19 10 11.9 Tadeusz Zieliński 62 7 16 13 1.9 Grzegorz Kołodko 53 19 1791.1 Waldemar Pawlak 52 20 25 2 0.7 Jan Olszewski 50 21 22 6 0.7 Józef Oleksy 46 30 2110.3 Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz 45 27 23 3 0.4 Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz 44 26 19 10 0.4 Leszek Balcerowicz 43 28 20 7 0.3 Lech Wałęsa 42 42 15 0 -0.3 Marian Krzaklewski 40 30 19 9 0.2 Ryszard Bugaj 38 17 20 23 0.6 Adam Strzembosz 38 11 21 28 0.9 Leszek Miller 35 28 21140.1 Leszek Moczulski 32 4119 6 -0.6 Andrzej Milczanowski 31 3119 16 -0.3 Marek Borowski 26 14 16 43 0.5 Janusz Korwin-Mikke 24 42 23 10 -0.9 Aleksander Łuczak 24 7 20 47 0.9 Jerzy Jaskiernia 23 40 18 18-1 Wiesław Kaczmarek 23 13 17 46 0.4 Adam Struzik 22 6 21 51 0.8 Ewa Spychalska 18 11 21 49 0.2 Roman Jagieliński 1771361 0.7 Jerzy Konieczny 15918 56 0.3 - 4 - Tabela 3 Odsetki deklarujących zaufanie (według terminów badań) Politycy '94 '95 '96 V VII IX X XI XII I II III IV VI VIII X XI XII I L. Balcerowicz 41 39 36 39 41 40 43 41 45 40 39 34 31 35 40 43 W. Bartoszewski -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 24 34 34 29 35 48 -- M. Borowski -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 25 26 23 17232226 R. Bugaj 36 30 32 33 32 33 35 37 39 43 39 31 29 33 33 38 W. Cimoszewicz 39 40 47 45 45 45 42 44 46 -- -- -- -- -- -- 44 H. Gronkiewicz-Waltz -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 53 57 64 57 52 49 38 45 R. Jagieliński -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 9 10 10 14 14 15 17 J. Jaskiernia -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 23 W. Kaczmarek 16 16 17 17 17----------15 14 12 152623 L. Kaczyński -- -- -- -- -- 26 -- 24 33 -- -- -- 26 32 28 -- G. Kołodko -- 33 30 36 38 32 38 44 40 40 43 41 39 43 43 53 J. Konieczny -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 15 J. Korwin-Mikke -- -- -- -- -- 18------21 24 1923292424 M. Krzaklewski 39 43 41 41 43 39 42 41 42 47 46 41 37 38 41 40 J. Kuroń 71 71 71 72 75 76 81 78 81 77 69 70 66 82 82 82 A. Kwaśniewski 53 53 57 56 57 56 55 58 59 59 57 50 52 58 56 68 A. Łuczak -- 18232221 -- -- -- 23 21192018 16 1924 A. Milczanowski -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 36 39 31 25 27 34 31 L. Miller 33 29 33 33 33 30 31 32 39 37 40 36 32 37 34 35 L. Moczulski 29 33 31 29 32 26 27 30 32 29 34 30 29 36 35 32 J. Oleksy 53 52 53 54 53 54 59 60 68 72 60 58 53 59 61 46 J. Olszewski -- -- -- -- -- 27 28 26 33 34 36 37 37 52 54 50 W. Pawlak 68 65 70 62 63 57 55 48 53 44 48 43 43 46 43 52 E. Spychalska 35 37 36 34 31 32 28 28 28 25 27 22 16 172018 A. Struzik -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 22 A. Strzembosz -- -- -- -- -- -- 22 31 31 38 40 32 -- -- -- 38 L. Wałęsa 35 34 36 31 30 37 34 34 39 35 36 34 41 57 51 42 T. Zieliński 45 46 53 50 47 49 59 56 62 55 56 52 53 63 57 62 J. Zych -- -- -- -- -- 30 -- 39 49 49 57 45 48 54 59 69 - 5 - Rys. 1. Zmiany poziomu zaufania do polityków (grudzień '95-styczeń '96) (%) 12 Aleksander Kwaśniewski Grzegorz Kołodko 10 Józef Zych 10 Waldemar Pawlak 9 7 Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz Ryszard Bugaj 5 Aleksander Łuczak 5 Tadeusz Zieliński 5 Marek Borowski 4 3 Leszek Balcerowicz Roman Jagieliński 2 1 Leszek Miller Janusz Korwin-Mikke 0 Jacek Kuroń 0 -1 Marian Krzaklewski -2 Ewa Spychalska -3 Wiesław Kaczmarek -3 Andrzej Milczanowski -3 Leszek Moczulski -4 Jan Olszewski -9 Lech Wałęsa -15 Józef Oleksy - 6 - POPULARNOŚĆ POLITYKÓW W grudniu '95 najbardziej nieznanymi politykami byli w opinii ankietowanych Aleksander Łuczak i Roman Jagieliński (odpowiednio 53% i 61% wskazań). Obecnie do osób najmniej znanych należą nadal ci dwaj politycy oraz Ewa Spychalska i po raz pierwszy umieszczeni na naszej liście - Adam Struzik i nowy szef MSW Jerzy Konieczny. Warto podkreślić, iż w porównaniu z poprzednim miesiącem wzrosła (o 17 punktów procentowych) liczba respondentów twierdzących, że znają Andrzeja Milczanowskiego. Można przypuszczać, iż w znacznym stopniu przyczynił się do tego fakt złożenia przez niego wniosku do Naczelnej Prokuratury Wojskowej w sprawie domniemanej współpracy premiera Józefa Oleksego z obcym wywiadem. Jedynym powszechnie znanym politykiem pozostaje nadal Lech Wałęsa. ŚREDNIE OCEN O ile w grudniu '95 - biorąc pod uwagę średnią ocen - prowadził Jacek Kuroń, o tyle w styczniu pierwsze miejsce zajmuje Józef Zych (2.6). Na drugiej pozycji znajduje się dotych- czasowy lider (2.4), na trzeciej zaś są ex aequo Aleksander Kwaśniewski i Tadeusz Zieliński (po 1.9). Warto podkreślić, że poprawiły się notowania nie tylko Aleksandra Kwaśniewskiego (wzrost średnich ocen o 1.0), ale także Grzegorza Kołodki (o 0,7) i Hanny Gronkiewicz-Waltz (o 0.6). Znaczny spadek średnich ocen odnotowaliśmy w przypadku dwóch polityków - Andrzeja Milczanowskiego (o 1,1) i Józefa Oleksego (o 0,9). - 7 - Rys. 2. Stopień znajomości polityków w styczniu '96 Lech Wałęsa 100% Jacek Kuroń 99% Aleksander Kwaśniewski 99% Józef Oleksy 99% Waldemar Pawlak 98% Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz 97% Jan Olszewski 94% Leszek Moczulski 94% Leszek Balcerowicz 93% Grzegorz Kołodko 91% Marian Krzaklewski 91% Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz 90% Janusz Korwin-Mikke 90% Józef Zych 88% Tadeusz Zieliński 87% Leszek Miller 86% Andrzej Milczanowski 84% Jerzy Jaskiernia 82% Ryszard Bugaj 77% Adam Strzembosz 72% Marek Borowski 57% Wiesław Kaczmarek 54% Aleksander Łuczak 53% Ewa Spychalska 51% Adam Struzik 49% Jerzy Konieczny 44% Roman Jagieliński 39% - 8 - Rys. 3. Średnie ocen polityków w styczniu '96 Józef Zych 2,6 Jacek Kuroń 2,4 Aleksander Kwaśniewski 1,9 Tadeusz Zieliński 1,9 Grzegorz Kołodko 1,1 Aleksander Łuczak 0,9 Adam Strzembosz 0,9 Adam Struzik 0,8 Roman Jagieliński 0,7 Jan Olszewski 0,7 Waldemar Pawlak 0,7 Ryszard Bugaj 0,6 Marek Borowski 0,5 Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz 0,4 Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz 0,4 Wiesław Kaczmarek 0,4 Leszek Balcerowicz 0,3 Jerzy Konieczny 0,3 Józef Oleksy 0,3 Marian Krzaklewski 0,2 Ewa Spychalska 0,2 Leszek Miller 0,1 -0,3 Andrzej Milczanowski -0,3 Lech Wałęsa -0,6 Leszek Moczulski -0,9 Janusz Korwin-Mikke -1 Jerzy Jaskiernia - 9 - Rys.
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