SGS QUALIFOR Doc. Number: AD 36-A-06
(Associated Document) Doc. Version date: 20 Mar. 08 Page: 1 of 73
FOREST MANAGEMENT CERTIFICATION REPORT ОТЧЕТ ПО СЕРТИФИКАЦИИ ЛЕСОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ
SECTION A: PUBLIC SUMMARY СЕКЦИЯ А: РЕЗЮМЕ ОТЧЕТА ДЛЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОСТИ
Project Nr: PL/FR-10096-BY Проект №: Begomlskiy FE representing the III regional group of 3 state forest enterprise in Vitebsk Region, Republic of Belarus Client: Бегомльский Лесхоз репрезентирующий III региональную Клиент : группу, охватывающую 3 государственные лесхозы в Витебской обл ., Республики Беларусь
Web Page: http://www.mlh.by/ru/plho/vitebsk.html Интернет :
Address: Begomlskiy FE- 211730, Vitebsk region, village Begoml, Yuhnovtsa str., 21 Адрес - 211730, ., . . , . , 21
Country: Belarus / Страна :
Certificate Type: Certificate Nr. Forest Management/ SGS-FM/COC-007101 Тип Сертификат № сертификата /
Date of Issue Date of expiry: 18 Dec 2009 Дата окончания 17 Dec 2014 Дата выдачи действия :
Forest Zone: Temperate / Лесная зона Total Certified Area 196 000 ha / Общая сертифицированная площадь Scope: Forest Management of forests in the Vitebsk region, Republic of Belarus for the production of coniferous and deciduous round timber Область применения сертификата : , a
Company Contact Prokopov Alexey Ivanovich Person: Контактное лицо компании : 1. Begomlskiy - 211730, Vitebsk region, village Begoml, Yuhnovtsa str., 21 Address: Адрес :
SGS South Africa (Qualifor Programme) 58 Melville Road, Booysens - PO Box 82582, Southdale 2185 - South Africa Systems and Services Certification Division t +27 11 681-2500 f +27 11 681-2543 www.sgs.com AD 36-A-06 Page 2 of 73
2. Beshenkovichskiy - 211350, Vitebsk region, village Beshenkovichi, Michurin str., 1 3. Ushachskiy - 211480, Vitebsk region, village Ushachi, N.D.Boboedov str., 6 1. - 211730, ., . . , . , 21 2. - 211350, ., . . , . , 1 3. - 211480, ., . . , . . . , 6
Tel: 8- 212-243418
Fax
Email: [email protected]
Evaluation dates: Даты оценки Main Evaluation September 22 and October 7 2008 Ministry of the Forest Management - Minsk Основная оценка / 22 7 2008 . 26-27 September / C 2008 –Begomel Forest Enterprise / Follow up visit -27 November – Bieshenkowitskiy Forest Enterprise / : 27 2008 . - Surveillance 1 Инспекционная оценка 1 Surveillance 2 Инспекционная оценка 2 Surveillance 3 Инспекционная оценка 3 Surveillance 4 Инспекционная оценка 4
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
1. SCOPE OF CERTIFICATE / ОБЛАСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СЕРТИФИКАТА ...... 6 2. COMPANY BACKGROUND / СВЕДЕНИЯ О КОМПАНИИ ...... 11 2.1 Ownership / ...... 11 2.2 Company Key Objectives/ ...... 11 2.3 Company History/ ...... 13 2.4 Organisational Structure/ ...... 14 2.5 Ownership and Use Rights/ ...... 14 2.6 Other Land Uses/ ...... 15 2.7 Non-certified Forests / ...... 15 3. FOREST MANAGEMENT SYSTEM / System gospodarki le śnej / СИСТЕМА ЛЕСНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ...... 15 3.1 Bio-physical setting / warunki przyrodnicze / ...... 15 3.2 History of use / Historia u ytkowania / ...... 17 3.3 Planning process / ...... 18 3.4 Harvest and regeneration / ...... 19 3.5 Monitoring processes / ...... 20 4. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT / СОЦИАЛЬНО -ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ И КОНТЕКСТ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ ...... 21 4.1 Social aspects / ...... 21 4.2 Environmental aspects...... 22 4.3 Administration, Legislation and Guidelines / ...... 25 5. CHANGES IN MANAGEMENT, HARVESTING, SILVICULTURE AND MONITORING / ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В ЛЕСОУПРАВЛЕНИИ , ЛЕСОЗАГОТОВКАХ , ЛЕСОВОДСТВЕ И МОНИТОРИНГЕ ...... 28 6. PREPARATION FOR THE EVALUATION / ПОДГОТОВКА ОЦЕНКИ ...... 28 6.1 Schedule / ...... 28 6.2 Team / ...... 29 6.3 Checklist Preparation/ - ...... 30 6.4 Stakeholder notification/ ...... 30 7. THE EVALUATION/ Оценка ...... 30 7.1 Opening meeting/ ...... 30 7.2 Document review/ ...... 30 7.3 Sampling and Evaluation Approach/ ...... 31 7.4 Field assessments ...... 31 7.5 Stakeholder interviews ...... 32 7.6 Summing up and closing meeting/ ...... 33 8. EVALUATION RESULTS/ Результаты оценки ...... 33 AD 36-A-06 Page 4 of 73
8.1 Findings related to the general QUALIFOR Programme/ , QUALIFOR 33 PRINCIPLE 1: Compliance with law and FSC Principles ...... 34 1: ...... 34 PRINCIPLE 2: Tenure and use rights and responsibilities ...... 36 2: ...... 36 PRINCIPLE 3: Indigenous peoples’ rights ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3: ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. PRINCIPLE 4: Community relations and workers rights...... 40 PRINCIPLE 5: Benefits from the forest...... 42 5: ...... 42 PRINCIPLE 6: Environmental impact ...... 45 6: ...... 45 PRINCIPLE 7: Management plan ...... 50 7: ...... 50 PRINCIPLE 8: Monitoring and evaluation...... 52 8: ...... 52 PRINCIPLE 9: High Conservation Value Forests ...... 55 9: ...... 55 PRINCIPLE 10: Plantations. Zasada nie ma zastosowania w ramach gospodarki lesnej Republiki Białoru Error! Bookmark not defined. 10: . ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 9. CERTIFICATION DECISION/ Решение сертификации ...... 58 10. MAINTENANCE OF CERTIFICATION/ обслуживание сертификата ...... 58 11. RECORD OF CORRECTIVE ACTION REQUESTS (CARs) / регистрация запросов на корректирующие действия ...... 61 12. RECORD OF OBSERVATIONS / РЕГИСТРАЦИЯ НАБЛЮДЕНИЙ ...... 69 13. RECORD OF STAKEHOLDER COMMENTS AND INTERVIEWS / РЕГИСТРАЦИЯ КОММЕНТАРИЕВ СТЕЙКХОЛДЕРОВ И ИНТЕРВЬЮ...... 70 14. RECORD OF COMPLAINTS...... 73
ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS (not part of the Public Summary) СОПУТСТВУЮЩАЯ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИЯ ( не является частью отчета для общественности )
AD 20: Evaluation Itinerary / Маршрут оценки AD 21: Attendance Record / Список присутствовавших лиц AD 26: Corrective Action Requests / Запросы на корректирующие действия AD 36-B: Evaluation - Observations and Information on Logistics AD 36-A-06 Page 5 of 73
/ Оценка – наблюдения и информация относительно логистики AD 38: Peer Review Report /Отчет рецензента AD 40: Stakeholder Reports / Отчеты стейкхолдеров Evaluation team CV’s / Резюме членов оценочной команды List of stakeholders contacted / Список стейкхолдеров , с которыми была установлена связь
Complaints and Disputes / Жалобы и Споры
Procedures for submitting complaints, appeals and disputes, and the SGS processing of such are published on www.sgs.com/forestry . This information is also available on request – refer contact details on the first page./
, SGS : www.sgs.com/forestry. – .
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INTRODUCTION ВВЕДЕНИЕ
The purpose of the evaluation was to evaluate the operations of 3 forest enterprises of State Forestry in Belarus in 1 territorial group (III Group) against the requirements of the QUALIFOR Programme, the SGS forest certification programme accredited by Forest Stewardship Council. / , 3 , b 1 o e (III a) QUALIFOR, SGS, (FSC).
1. SCOPE OF CERTIFICATE / ОБЛАСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СЕРТИФИКАТА The scope of the certificate falls within the Temperate Forest Zone and includes 3 of Forest Management Units (FMUs) grouped in Vitebsk Region as described below. 3 (FMUs), , .
Description of FMUs: / Описание единицы лесоуправления Description/ Описание Ownership Area (ha) Longitude E/W Latitude N/S Собственность Площадь Географическая Географическая (га ) долгота В/З широта С/Ю 1. Begomlskij – / State / 70 400 28 03 54 43 (60 500 covered by forest / )
2. Beshenkovichskij – / State / 52 500 29 27 55 02 (44 400 covered by forest / ) 3. Ushachskij – / State / 73 000 28 36 55 10 (60 000 covered by forest / ) State / 196 000 (164 900 covered by Total / Общее forest / )
Size of FMUs: Размер единиц лесоуправления Nr of FMUs Area (ha) Less than 100ha / Менее 100 га 100 to 1000 ha in area / от 100 до 1000 га AD 36-A-06 Page 7 of 73
1001 to 10000 ha in area / от 1001 до 10000 га More than 10000 ha in area / более 10000 3 196 000 га Total / Общее 3 196 000
Total Area in the Scope of the Certificate that is: Общая площадь области сертификата , которая : Area (ha) Privately managed / Частно управляемая - State Managed / Государственно управляемая 196 000 Community Managed / Общественно управляемая -
Composition of the Certified Forest(s) Структура сертифицированных лесов Area (ha) Area of forest protected from commercial harvesting of timber and managed primarily for 8965,7 conservation objectives Площадь лесов , защищенных от коммерческой заготовки древесины и управляемых , прежде всего , для целей сохранения
Area of forest protected from commercial harvesting of timber and managed primarily for 77 177 production of NTFPs or services Площадь лесов , защищенных от коммерческой заготовки древесины и управляемых , прежде всего , для производства недревесной продукции леса или услуг
Area of forest classified as “high conservation value forest” 7239,6 Площадь лесов , классифицируемых как “ леса высокой природоохранной ценности ”
Total area of production forest (i.e. forest from which timber may be harvested) 148573 Общая площадь эксплуатационных лесов ( то есть леса , из которых древесина может быть заготовлена )
Area of production forest classified as “plantation” - Общая площадь эксплуатационных лесов , классифицируемых как " плантация "
Area of production forest regenerated primarily by replanting 31856 Общая площадь эксплуатационных лесов , восстановленных , прежде всего , искусственным путем
Area of production forest regenerate primarily by natural regeneration 112958 Общая площадь эксплуатационных лесов , восстановленных , прежде всего , естественной регенерацией
List of High Conservation Values / Список высоких природоохранных ценностей Description Notes Prohibited forest lines, defending spawning of valuable food fish Intended for protection of spawning (spawning protective lines) / , places of valuable food fish. / ( ). .
Lines, 250 meters wide on each river bank. / , Final felling is forbidden, felling of 250 . thinning and salvage thinning are allowed / , . Protective forest lines along trunk-railways, roads of federal, Intended for protection from winds, AD 36-A-06 Page 8 of 73
List of High Conservation Values / Список высоких природоохранных ценностей Description Notes republican and regional importance (protective lines), area 7190 snowdrifts and soil erode. / ha. / , , , ( ), . площадь га 7190 . Narrow forest section final felling are Lines 500 meters wide on both sides of railway and 250 meters allowed (except for forest edges 50-100 wide on both sides of road. / 500 meters wide, joining to roads) and 250 . thinning./ ( 50 -100 , ) . Protected buffer zones on rivers banks, lakes, reservoirs and other Intended for regulation of mid-year water objects (prohibited lines), area 60 397 ha / drainage of rivers and lakes;; , , mitigation of fluctuations in water ( ). Площадь 60 397 га . raising at the time of snow melting and rains; prevention of reservoir silting up; Lines from 100 to 200 m wide on each river or reservoir bank, transfer of surface flow to water table depending on dimension (length and square area) of water objects. and related to this protection against 100 200 soil erosion and ( ) avalanches./ . , , , , - , , , , Narrow forest section final felling is allowed (except for bank protecting sites) and salvage thinning. ( ) . Special protective sites – areas around plases of accumulation of Intended for preservation of places of capercailyes ( Tetrao urogallus ) - 1211 ha . / capercailyes ( Tetrao urogallus ) - 1211 га . propagation for maintenance of their population quantity. Forest sites in a radius of 500 m around capercailies tooting grounds. On 10 thousand ha of forest resources – not more than 3 sites. ( Tetrao urogallus ) 500 . 10 . . – 3 . Final felling is forbidden, thinning and salvage thinning are allowed , . Special protection sites - prohibited lines along rivers, inhabited with Intended for preservation of places of beavers, area 3541 ha. dwelling and propagation of beavers with the goal of maintenance of their - , population numbers. , 3541 га . AD 36-A-06 Page 9 of 73
List of High Conservation Values / Список высоких природоохранных ценностей Description Notes Forest lines 100 m wide on each river bank (reservoir), inhabited by beavers. . 100 ( ), . Final felling is forbidden, thinning and salvage thinning are allowed , .
Low-productive forest stands area 4838 ha. Typical stands / 4838 га . Seed stands / Chosen stands / Genetical reserves / Areas of monitoring / Green zones around towos / Heath resorts forests / Peat bog forests / Final felling is forbidden . /
Total area / 77 177 ha/га
Annual Timber Production / Ежегодное производство древесины Species (botanical name) Species (common Area (ha) Maximum Annual Sustainable Yield (m 3) name) Виды ( ботаническое Площадь ( га ) Максимальный ежегодный устойчивый название ) Виды ( общее прирост (м3) название ) Projected Actual Запроектированный Фактический Pinus sylvestris Pine / 503,8 Picea abies Spruce / 127 Betula pendula Birch / 160 Populus tremula Aspen / 95 Totals / Общая 885.8 3.74
List of Timber Product Categories / Список категорий древесной продукции
Product Class / Product Type / Trade Name / Category / Species / Виды Продукт - класс Продукт - Тип Название Категория AD 36-A-06 Page 10 of 73
List of Timber Product Categories / Список категорий древесной продукции
Product Class / Product Type / Trade Name / Category / Species / Виды Продукт - класс Продукт - Тип Название Категория Wood in the Logs of coniferous Logs of Conifer Pinus silvestris rough / wood / coniferous wood / Picea abies
Wood in the Logs of non-coniferous Logs of Deciduous Betula pendula rough / wood / decidous wood (hardwood) Populus tremula / Alnus glutinosa Quercus robur Wood in the Fuel wood / Coniferous fuel Deciduous Pinus silvestris rough / wood / (hardwood) , Picea abies Wood in the Fuel wood / Decidous fuel Deciduous Betula pendula rough / wood / (hardwood) Populus tremula , Alnus glutinosa Quercus robur Wood sawn or Conifer pulp chips / Pulp chips for Conifer Pinus silvestris chipped, sliced or production of peeled pulp and paper Picea abies / / -
.
Approximate Annual Commercial Production of Non-Timber-Forest-Products Примерное ежегодное коммерческое производство недревесной лесной продукции Product Species Unit of measure Total units Единица Общий Продукция Виды измерения объем Botanical Name Common Name) Ботаническое название Общее название Birch juice Betula pendula Betula Tona 1157 a Pine resin Pinus silvestris Scotisch Pine Tona 193 Black berry Vaccinium myrtillus Black berry Tona 20 Cranberry Oxycoccus uliginosus Cranberry Tona 9707 Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rowan Tona 0,045 AD 36-A-06 Page 11 of 73
2. COMPANY BACKGROUND / СВЕДЕНИЯ О КОМПАНИИ
2.1 Ownership / Собственность Forest administration and its regional enterprises are created in accordance with legislation of Belarus. Forests belong to the state treasure. . .
2.2 Company Key Objectives/ Ключевые цели компании
Objective/ Цель Notes/ Примечание Commercial/ Коммерческая Economical objective of forest management of company is own -Lies in optimal usage of natural provision with wood raw materials, by the way of conducting of potential of forests grow, complex of actions on usage of economical potential of forest resources on territories of forest fund assimilated a long time ago, - expansion of volumes of logging of owing to intensification of forest management. wood from unit of square area, - -maximum usage (processing) of all wood resources, , -introduction of system of complex forest restoration, -development of transport infrastructure, . -introduction of progressive methods and types of conduction of forestry and forest management,
-usage of modern machines and mechanisms, - , - , - ( ) , - , - , - . Social/ Социальная Social goal of forest management and forest use of company is Forest management assists social- provision of overall support to local communities and support of economical development of territories such methods of conduction of forestry and forest logging, which do of economy, forest settlements, and not prevent development of traditional forest trades and side forest infrastructure and first of all it has use and preserve places of special social meaning. orientation on working employment of local inhabitants. Forest management is conducted with account of observation of interests of , local inhabitants. Free excess of local AD 36-A-06 Page 12 of 73
Objective/ Цель Notes/ Примечание inhabitants is provided to their hunting holdings, mushrooms and berries . gathering, both for their own needs and for sale.
- , , , . . , , , .
Environmental/ Экологическая Ecological policy of company in the sphere of provision with wood At the time of conduction of forest raw materials is directed to observation of ecological and forestry logging activity, company uses the best requirements Belarussian legislation, provision of minimal level of of available for enterprise and possible negative influence on natural forest values and preservation of according to acting Belarusian possibility of side and traditional forest usage at the time of logging legislation technologies and methods of of all types of wood raw materials, used by enterprise. Forest felling, including: prior usage of management of company is based on accepted ecological policy technique, providing the less influence with account of all factors of influence on environment. on soils; prior usage of forest logging technologies, providing optimal forest recovery with minimal usage of natural forest productivity; preservation at the , time of entire felling of bio diversity elements (biogroups of seem-trees, underbrush, dead-wood), fulfillment of actions on preservation of HCVFs and , elements of biological diversity. . . , : , ; , ; ( , , ), , .
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2.3 Company History/ История компании History of all current forest enterprises of Belarus has passed a long way. Until 1919 forest management was performed in the frames of some districts of the Russian Emperory. First structures of forest administration of this emperory were created in the end of XVIII century. In 1798 – Superintendences (FE) have been established. In those time there were started also first taxation works and geodetic measurements. Since 1802 the forest management issues came into the Ministry of Finances, in 1811 – into the Department of State Properties. After 15 years – in 1826 by these Departement there was created the Science Committee. In its responsibility were: analysis of existing and preparation of new forest regulations for improving of forest management practice. In this year there was also made reformation of forest structures. Old german names of forests staff were replaced by new Russian names (ober forest meister – governmental forester, forest meister – researcher and district forester, forester – younger ranger, unter forester – deputy ranger). In 1869 there was introduced the forest guard service and since1888 – there were started the opening of forest schools for education of forest technical assistants. In 1894 the Department of Forest Management and Foresters Corps were included to the Ministry of Countryside management. Rangers have got possibility of sale of timber and forest without tenders, not paid break. Their responsibilities have increased to annual management planning (harvesting, management, incomes). All plans were approved by regional forest inspectors. . 1919 . . XVII . 1798 . . , . 1802 . , , , 1811 . - . 15 , 1826 ., , . , 150 , . Oberf Örstermaster c , fÖrstermaster - , fÖrster - , podf Örster - . 1869 . , 1888 . , . 1894 . . : , . : ( , , . ). . How this was mentioned – the principal changes have occured since 1918 after the October Revolution. In May 1918 there was published the basic forest law. According to this the first structure unit has been rangery. Forest management shall be performed on management planning together with all state management. All private forest areas have been nationalized. , 1918 . - . „ ”. . , , . , , . In 1919 there was created the Republic of Belarus. There were adopted all existing structures of forest organization – superintendences and rangeries. However their number has increased (Starodorozskij FE – 1936, Starobinskij FE – 1961). Some years later the Republic was included into Soviet Union. In 1931 as considered by soviet government – state forests have been divided into two functional zones: Forests of economical significance and forests of cultural significance. 1919 . . - . - ( . – 1936 ., – 1961 .). . 1931 . - : . AD 36-A-06 Page 14 of 73
The next 70 years were the time of anothers changes in the scheme of management and used priorities, with still developing of forest knowledge and practice. After the II war – forestry was playing one of the main functions of economical development of all Belarus and its particular regions. Since 2003 – forest authorities of the Republic have started implementation of the Forest Stewardship Council principles and have decided to start certification processes of the first superintendences in FSC system. 70 - . . 2003 . FSC.
2.4 Organisational Structure/ Организационная структура
Organizational structure of state forest administration in Belarus includes: - The Ministry of Forest Management in Minsk - Regional Forest Administration Offices in Brest, Grodno, Vitebsk, Gomel, Minsk and Mogilev. - State Forest Enterprises: - managing company office – employees; - forest logging departments: employees. - transport-repairs workshop –employees; - forestries – forest rangeries - employees - Lower storehouse –employees. : - c o o X - - pec e, , B e c e, o e e, - - ; - – ; - - – ; - ; - – .
2.5 Ownership and Use Rights/ Собственность и право пользования
Belarusian Forests are important for many reasons: at the first are renewable source of raw material and energy. They are also the treasury of biological and landscape diversity, important environmental and nature- conservative factor. Forest of the 1st group with nature protective function (water protection zones, forest shelter belts around cities and along roads, extra-protected natural territories) take 51,5% (29,8% of such forests make nature reserves, national parks, reserves of the republican importance). Commercial forest (forest of the 2nd group) takes accordingly 48,5% of forest resources. : - , . , . 2 . ( ; ; , ), . 51,5 % (29,8 % , ). 2- — , (48,5 %). AD 36-A-06 Page 15 of 73
All people have guaranted free access to the forest for recreation, tourism and harvesting of non- timber forest products. , .
State forests are managed by governmental enterprises. They fulfill activity on allocation of forest cutting fund, control and taking over of plots of land from forest users, forest regeneration and underwood nursing, protection and defense of forest. - . , , , .
2.6 Other Land Uses/ Другие землепользователи In spite of hunting tourism, in Belarusian forests there are possibilities for different kinds of eco-tourism as hiking, cycling, riding, skiing and boating. The program of eco-tour can include visiting regional museums, historical places, observation and study of wild nature, hunting with a camera gun, picking berries, mushrooms and medicinal herbs. , : , , , . , , , - , , .
2.7 Non-certified Forests / Несертифицированные леса Certification process covers all forests managed by superintendence. These forests belong to the State Treasury of Belarus. On the areas managed by superintendences there are no forests excluded from the certification process. , - . . , , , .
3. FOREST MANAGEMENT SYSTEM / СИСТЕМА ЛЕСНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА
3.1 Bio-physical setting / природные условия Geography / география :
According to the physical geography – Belarus belongs to the East Europe. All the Country is located on the East European Lowland. Geological base of Belarus is made of cristallic east European platform, covered with 6 km layer of sediments. In the southern part of the Country there comes tectonic Devonian valley – aulakogen of Pripet – with Pripet River.
. . – , , 6 ., . , – , . From the north Belarus neighbours with Lithuania, from north-east – with Latvia, from east – with Russia, from south – with Ukraine, from the west – with Poland. The composition of geographical regions has zonal structure. On the north there is located Belarus Lakeland. The next zone to the south is a hill pass of Belarus with moraine hills and big river valleys. On the south of hills there are the zone of lowlands – river Bug Lowland, Middle river Berezina and Orsha – Mogilev lowland. In the south part of the Country lays the Polissia lowland and connects on the east with Dnepr River Lowland. , - – , – , – , – . AD 36-A-06 Page 16 of 73
- . . – , . : - - , – - . , . Belarus is a flat low elevated country with no mountain ranges. The lowest point of the territory is elevated 90 m a.s.l. (Niemen’s Valley on the border with Lithuania). The highest – 346 m a.s.l. (Dzierzynska Mountain). The average elevation is 162 m a.s.l. – , . 90 . ( ), – 346 . ( ). 162 . The relief of the north part of the Country has been shaped by the glacier, mainly during Waldai Glacier period. These are moraine passes of hills, plateau areas, valleys with rivers and lakes. The central and Polissian Lowlands are homogenously flat with only few isolated hills (Zahorode – up to 173 m a.s.l. and Mozyr elevation – up to 168 m a.s.l.
– – , . , , . ; ( – 173 . – 168 .). Rivers of Belarus are typically lowland with snowy-rainy regime. They belong to the two basins – Baltic (42 % of the Vistula, Niemunas and Dvina water catchments) and Black Sea (58 % - Dnepr catchment area). The water division is located on the Belarus pass hills. The largest rivers in Belarus are: Dnepr (720 km in the country borders), Dvina (350 km), Niemen’s (480 km), Pripet (548 km), Soz (493 km), Berezina (613 km – the longest river in the Country which all belongs to Belarus) and Villia (275 km). Rivers are frozen since December to the end of March. - . (42% – , ), (58% – ). . — (720 ), (350 .), (450 .), (548 .), (493 .), (613 . – , ) (275 .) . Lakes are grouped mainly on the area of Belarusian Lakeland on the north and in Polissia on the south. Northern lakes are deep and narrow, southern – shallow and muddy, related with that wetland area. The largest lakes are: Naroch (80 km2, 22 m deep), Oswiej (58km2, 9m), Dryswiat (45 km2, 12 m), Kniaz (43 km2, 5m), Drywiaty (38 km2, 18m), Lukomel (36 km2, 11m), Nieshchedro (27 km2, 15m), Wygonowskie (26 km2, 3m), Snudy (26 km2, 20m) and Swir (22 km2, 13m). – , – . . – , . : ( 80 ², 22 .), (58 ², 9 ), (45 ², 12 ), ( , 43 ², 5 ), (38 ², 18 ), (36 ², 11 ), (27 ², 15 ), (26 ², 3 ), (26 ², 20 ) (22 ², 13 ). Ecology / Экология :
Belarus has a temperate climate, relative hot in comparison to the rest areas of East European Lowland, transitory between marine and continental. Typical features of this are not so frosty winters, not very hot but wet summers, rainy autumns and springs with variable weather. Masses of atlantics air prevail. Arctic air in the winter can cause decrease of temperatures to -44° C. In summer – tropical air brings drought and heat. Average annual temperatures oscillate between 4,4 °C on the east and 7,4°C on the west. Annual amplitudes rise from the west to the east between 23°C and 26°C. Vegetative period lasts 178-208, winter – 106-144 days. Average annual precipitation is 550 – 750 mm, in hilly AD 36-A-06 Page 17 of 73
lakeland – 650-750 mm. In dry years precipitation falls to 300 mm, in extremely wet – reaches 1000 mm. , . : , , , . , -44° , . 4,4°C , 7,4°C . 23°C 26 °C. 178-208 , – 106-144 . 550-750 . 300 ., , , 1000 .
Natural vegetable formations in Belarus are temperate forests, which cover 33% area of the Country. These are mainly coniferous (68%) and mixed forests. The most popular species is Scottish pine. Next to this in all Country grow alder and birch. On the north up to 25% of stands are built with spruce, on the south – there are more hornbeam and oak. In spite of strong exploitation some areas maintain characteristic of primeval forests: Belavezha, Grodno, and Nalibocka Forests. , 33% . (68% ) . – , . 25% , . , : , .
Soils / Почвы Soils in Belarus are not rich in general. About 70% of the Country cover different kinds of white soils, about 25% - mud, marsh and wet soils. Higher areas of Polissia and moraine hills are covered with sands. . 70% – , 25% - , . .
3.2 History of use / История землепользования Ground use on the area of Belarus has started during the settlement period. It begun almost 2000 years ago. East part of Belarus was settled by Slavic tribes, western – by Balts (Sudovians). During dozen centuries Belarusian lands were up grown by primeval forest which gave the base of life for tribes living here. More than 600 areas of Belarus were entering into The Great Duchess of Lithuania and subsequently into the Polish Republic of two Nations. Forests were then the source of wealth of people in villages and big landowners. The main forest products were traditionally: timber, pitch, charcoal, honey, potassium hydroxide, meat and fur of games, forest fruits and medical herbs, birch juice etc). , 2000 . , – ( ). , . 600 , . ( , , , , , ( ), , ( ).
Economical development of the Belarus Country has passed parallel to the historical and political changes. In 20 th century, after the I world war – the western part of Belarus have entried to the Poland, and eastern – to the new created republic of Belarus. Later – up to 1991 its lands have been a part of Soviet Union. Use of forests had been related then with necessity of post war rebuilding of the Country, delivery of raw timber to other republics and subsequently with maintaining of nature resources. AD 36-A-06 Page 18 of 73
. XX , , , - . , 1991 , . , .
Principles of this way of management were connected with keeping of all areas as the state property. And about 40% of the land of Republic of Belarus is covered with forests. This is also result of all history of this Country.
. 40% , – .
3.3 Planning process / Процесс планирования During the last 10 years there were implemented law basis for introducing of sustainable forest management in the scale of all Republic of Belarus. The Act on Forest adopted in 2000 is based on principles of sustainable, multipurpose using of forests which make possible protection of biodiversity and forest landscapes as well as maintaining of their ecological functions. According to this Act – classification of forest grounds, only as state property – is based on functional use of forests. There are distinguished here two groups of forests: I group – forests on the areas covered by regular protection (reserves, national parks, forests reserves, areas of high genetic, scientifically, historical and cultural values) - water protective forests (along rivers and lakes shores) - protective forests (along roads and motorways) - forests with hygienic and sanitary functions (in towns and suburbs, green zones, industrial zones, parks, water intakes). All forests in this group are significantly protected (harvesting is limited or prohibited). II group – forests in economical use as the main source of timber and others raw materials. – . 2000 . , . , , . : I : - ( , , , , , ; - ( ), - ( ), - ( , , , ). . II : - , .
Current planning and implementation of activities of sustainable management are carried out on the basis of long period documented management plans. It has to be named here such as: - Strategic plan of development of the policy of forest management in the republic of Belarus until 2015. - The state program of regeneration and afforestation in the Republic of Belarus until 2015. AD 36-A-06 Page 19 of 73
- The program of development of the seed and selection basis, as well as forest management programs prepared by forest enterprises and approved by the Forest Committee of the Ministry Council of the Republic. The strategy of forest use adopted in Belarus is based on the principles of durability and constancy. Evaluation of the forest use is conducted on scientifically basis. . : « » . 2015 ., « » . 2015 ., „ , , . . .
State forest management in Republic of Belarus is based on management plans which are being revised and updated every 10 years. These plans are elaborated for every forest enterprise (superintendence) by specialist enterprise. The first part of plan involve general information about FMU, describes the essential elements of forest management from the last ten years period, management purposes of the current 10 years period and draft of managemental purposes for the period of the next ten years. The second part of plan involves details taxation data made on the basis of field works of specialist team. The third part of plan presents details related with the frames of silvicultures operations for the current 10 years period. All forest compartments have got detail description of forest habitats, nature requirements including with soils and relief, list of occurred species, tree stands with their age, composition, volume, highs and increment and management recommendations. Silviculture, harvesting and regeneration operations are described for all compartments. Data given about volume and harvesting make possible comparison of planned harvesting level with current volume and increment. , 10 . . , 10- , 10- . ; 10- . , , . . , , , , , . , . , .
Forest management plans have attached maps presenting division on compartments, location of water courses, roads and infrastructural objects, areas and objects covered by protection, and neighbouring areas. There are prepared maps of different scales (1:20000 or 1: 25000 for FMU, and 1:10000 or 1:5000 for rangeries). Maps are updated with all revision of forest management plan. All rangers have got maps regarding their rangeries (forestries). , , , , , , . (1: 20000 1: 25000, 1: 10000 1:5000). . .
3.4 Harvest and regeneration / Лесозаготовки и лесовостановление AD 36-A-06 Page 20 of 73
The harvesting level for the whole forestry is based on the individual harvesting plans of each forestry enterprise. The allowable harvesting plan of forestry enterprise is calculated from the ten-year management plans. The ten-year management plans are prepared basing on the detailed inventories of all the forest areas and silviculture principles. The volume defined in the management plans can not be exceeded in the period of 10 years. The regional forestry administration head office systematically monitors the volume of yield wood based on the monthly and annual reports. The amount of harvested wood is below the increment. The mean harvest level in visited forest enterprises is about 60% of the increment (3,7m3/ha.y). , , . 10 . . 10 . ( ) , , . 60% (3,7 3 / . ).
The size of harvesting is defined for every compartment and species, basing on adopted silviculture purposes and inventory results. For thinning and mixed harvesting ranger marks every tree for cutting. Main extraction trails are designed in the forest. Works are performed by own employees of FE. All of them come from local societies. Harvesting is made with use of chainsaws, extraction with use of tractors or horses. Harvested timber is transported to storage of timber located by the forest roads and then to the storage places of forest enterprises. , , . , . .
. .
, . , , . Where this is possible – there is preferred natural regeneration. So the harvesting works have to be planned for make the highest chances of natural regeneration. For making easier this regeneration – there are left trees on chosen harvesting areas. Where this is appropriate – there are also left seed trees and biogroups. , , , , . . , , . .
3.5 Monitoring processes / Процесс мониторинга For conducting of permanent control of forest condition and carrying out of efficient prevention activities – in Republic of Belarus there are implemented some different schemes of monitoring. Among them there are: forest environmental monitoring, forest health condition monitoring, monitoring of radiation, monitoring of habitats humidity, etc. the most of monitoring works are performed by specialist research institutions on the state level. , . : , , , . .. . AD 36-A-06 Page 21 of 73
On the level of FMU monitoring is coordinated by regional forest administration. This involves the level of increment and harvesting, H&S issues, cleanity of forest and condition of recreational objects. Regional administration of environmental conservation conducts monitoring of protected areas, RTE species and forest non timber products. ( ). , , . , , .
4. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT / СОЦИАЛЬНО - ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ И КОНТЕКСТ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
4.1 Social aspects / Социальные аспекты
There live currently 9,7 ml of habitants in Belarus (2007). The number of inhabitants decreased since 1993 due to the bigger number of death than number of born. Density of inhabitants is about 50 persons for square km. 72 % of people live in towns – now 112, with the biggest capital Minsk (1,8 ml), Homel (481 thous.), Mogilev (365 thous), Vitebsk (342 thous.), Grodno (315 thous) and Brest (298 thous).
9,7 . . ( 2007 .). 1993 . . 50 . 1 ². 72% , 112. : (1,8 . .), (481 . .), (342 . .), (315 . .), (298 . .).
According to the last data – 81,2 % of inhabitants are Belaruses, 11,4 – Russians, 3,9% - Poles, 2,4% Ukrainians, 0,3% - Jewish, 0,9% - others nations. Among religions there dominate orthodox Christians (80%). The rest are: Roman Catholics, protestants, Muslims or Jewish.
81,2% , 11,4% - , 3,9% - , 2,4% - , 0,3% - , 0,9% - . (80% ) ( - , , .).
Number of own workers 1031 Штат работников Number of contract workers - Количество работающих по контракту Minimum daily wage for agricultural/forestry workers 454 320 Минимальная средняя ставка работника в регионе Infant mortality rates (under 5 years) - Смертность детей ( до 5 лет ) Proportion of workers employed from the local population (%) 33 % работников из данной местности
Age structure / Возрастная система : - 0 - 14 years: 19% (males- 982,959; females - 942, 062) - 15 - 64 years: 68% (males - 3, 411 684; females- 3, 614 453 - 65 and more: 13% (males - 466, 929; females - 948, 632) AD 36-A-06 Page 22 of 73
- 0-14 : 19% ( - 982,959; - 942, 062) - 15-64 : 68% ( - 3, 411 684; - 3, 614 453) - 65 : 13% ( - 466, 929; / - 948, 632)
Natural increment of population: - 4,69% (2000) / Естественный прирост : - 4,69% (2000)
Ratio of born: 9, 27 for 1000 persons / Рождаемость : 9, 27 - 1000 .
Ratio of dead: 13, 96 for 1000 persons / Смертность : 13, 96 -1000 .
Ratio of newborn dead: 14, 63 - 1000 newborn / Смертность новорождённых : 14, 63 na 1000
Average time of life: 68 years (2000) (males 61, 83; females 71, 48) / Средняя продолжительность жизни : 68 (2000) ( 61,83 ; 71,48)
Average density of inhabitants: 50 persons/km2 / густота населения : 50 чел ./ км ² The biggest density of inhabitants occurs in the middle part of the Country (60 persons/km2), the lowest – At Polissia (25 persons /km2). Inhabitants of towns make about 72 % of population. – (60 ./ 2, – (25 ./ 2). 72 %.
4.2 Environmental aspects / Природные аспекты
According the „Act on Specially Protected nature Areas” of the Republic of Belarus – in the Country there are the following forms of nature protection: strict nature reserve, national park, partial reserve and nature monument. The main purposes of the protective strategy include maintaining of the nature, historical and cultural heritage of the Republic, protection of biodiversity and gene resources, protection of valuable landscape complexes, RTE species and diversity of habitats. In the scale of all the Country there are following objects making the net of nature protection: 1 strict nature reserve (Berezinskiy), 4 national parks, 95 forest reserves of the national level, 475 local nature reserves, 335 national nature monuments and 568 local nature monuments. Totally the protected area in Belarus covers about 8 % of the Republic. « » : , , ( « , »), . , , , , , . 1 , 4 , 95 , 467 , 335 568 . , , 8 % .
In the frames of the forest management system there are defined and implemented different groups and categories of forest protection. These are: - forests of nature monuments with republican significance, - forest in towns, - forest – parks around towns and settlements, forest on protected areas, two groups of water protective forests, two zones of protective forests around health resorts, forests in nature reserve of republican significance, forests buffer zones along railways, roads and motorways. More than 25 % of such forest area is excluded from harvesting. AD 36-A-06 Page 23 of 73
. : , , , , , I II , I II , , , . 25 % . In 2006-2007 under the international Program BirdLife+ there were recognized and mapped in the Republic of Belarus forest areas considered as HCVF. These were – Important Bird Areas (IBA), Important Plant Areas (IPA) and Woodland Key Habitats. All of these data are currently analyzed by responsible administration and Ministry of Forest Management. The map below presents some of the results of the inventories. 2006-2007 + ( ): , . a M o . . AD 36-A-06 Page 24 of 73
The south-east part of the country has been contaminated by the radioactive precipitations after the radiation accident of the atomic reactor in Tshernobyl – north Ukraine – in 1986. These are some areas of FMU in areas of Mogilev (FE Groups VI and VII) and Gomel (FE Group IV.) - – 1986 . , . ( VI VII) ) ( IV). AD 36-A-06 Page 25 of 73
4.3 Administration, Legislation and Guidelines / Законодательные требования The following table lists the key national legislation, regulations, guidelines and codes of best practice that are relevant to forestry in the commercial, environmental and social sectors. This list does not purport to be comprehensive, but indicates information that is key to the forestry sector. , , , , . , , .
Legislation and regulation/ Законодательство и регулирование Notes/ Пояснение 1. Act on Forests of the Republic of Belarus / 14 2000 . N 420- AD 36-A-06 Page 26 of 73
2. Act on changes in the Forest law. / 11 2005 . N 66- 3. Act on changes and amendments in forest law. / 27 2004 . N 271- 4. Act on changes and amendments in forest law. / 29 2006 . N 135- 5. The Decree of the President on some measurements of effective hunting management and fishing / 8 2005 . N 580 M , ( ) 6. The decree of the President on improvements of activity in forest management / 7 2007 . N 214 7. The consideration of the Forest Management Commitee by the Council of Ministries on rules of forest classification into different groups and categories of protection / 21 2003 . N 2 , 8. The consideration of the Ministries Council of the Republic of Belarus about forest evidence register / 12 2001 . N 1032 9. the consideration of the Ministries Council of the Republic of Belarus about forest cadaster . / 12 2001 . N 1031 10. Law of the Republic of Belarus " On the Protection of the Environment " dated November 6, 1992 / 6 1992 . 11. The Land Code of the Republic of Belarus, dated January 4, 1999, / 4 1999 . 12. The Water Code of the Republic of Belarus, dated June 15, 1998, / 15 1998 . 13. The Law of the Republic of Belarus " On the Protection of Air ", dated April 15, 1997, / 15 1997 . « » 14. The Law of the Republic of Belarus " On the Protection and Utilization of the Animal World ", dated September 19, 1996, AD 36-A-06 Page 27 of 73
19 1996 . “ » 15. The Law of the Republic of Belarus " On State Environmental Expert Assessment ", dated June 18, 1993 18 1993 . « » 16. The Law of the Republic of Belarus " On Industrial and Household Waste ", dated November 25, 1993 / 25 1993 . « » 17. The Law of the Republic of Belarus " On Specially Protected Territories and Objects "dated October 20, 1994 20 1994 . « » 18. The Red Book of Belarus, January 2007 , 2007 .
19. The national strategy of social-economical development of the Republic / - 2020 . 2003
21. The Act of the Republic Belarus about the plant Word / « »
22. The act of the Republic Belarus about protection and rational use of animals World / « » Guidelines and Codes of Best Practice / Notes/ Пояснение РУКОВОДСТВА И ПЕРЕДОВОЙ ОПЫТ 1. Working rules on processing of data about soil and forest habitats / - « », 1993 2. The rules of planting of pine cultures and preparation of secondary forest products / . ., 1994 3. Instruction on harvesting of non-timber forest products / . 4. Instruction on preparation and conducting of the hunting management / ( ) 5. The rules of games in Republic Belarus / . , 1998 [12] 6. Sanitary rules in the forests of Republic Belarus / .,1996 6. Recommendations for organization and conducting of forest management in forests of recreation significance / . . ., 198828. 7-82 7. Instruction of designing of car roads in forests / AD 36-A-06 Page 28 of 73
a . 8. Regulation on the break in hunting activity / . , 1981 9. Rules of training and control of H&S issues during forest operations in forests. / , 10. Rules of PPE equipment / 11. Rules of forest management in the radioactivity contaminated zones / .
5. CHANGES IN MANAGEMENT, HARVESTING, SILVICULTURE AND MONITORING / ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В ЛЕСОУПРАВЛЕНИИ , ЛЕСОЗАГОТОВКАХ , ЛЕСОВОДСТВЕ И МОНИТОРИНГЕ The following table shows significant changes that took place in the management, monitoring, harvesting and regeneration practices of the certificate holder over the certificate period. , , , .
Description of Change / Описание изменения Notes / Примечания SURVEILLANCE 1 ИНСПЕКЦИОННАЯ ОЦЕНКА 1 N/a
SURVEILLANCE 2 ИНСПЕКЦИОННАЯ ОЦЕНКА 2
SURVEILLANCE 3 ИНСПЕКЦИОННАЯ ОЦЕНКА 3
SURVEILLANCE 4 ИНСПЕКЦИОННАЯ ОЦЕНКА 4
6. PREPARATION FOR THE EVALUATION / ПОДГОТОВКА ОЦЕНКИ
6.1 Schedule / График AD 36-A-06 Page 29 of 73
The Evaluation was preceded by a pre-evaluation by SGS QUALIFOR during 28-30.04.2008. This examined the management systems and identified any gaps that might preclude certification. Information gathered was used to plan the main evaluation. Key stakeholders were identified. SGS QUALIFOR 28-30.04.2008. , . . .
6.2 Team / Команда The table below shows the team that conducted the main evaluation and the independent specialist(s) that were selected to review the main evaluation report before certification is considered. , , , , .
Evaluation Team / Notes / Примечание Оценочная команда Team Leader Has an university qualification in biology and ecology, B 30 years experience in forestry or related field - ecology and environmental conservation, internationally, regionally and Лидер команды nationally, C 250 days FSC auditing, speaks language English, Russian and Polish Аудитор , 30- – , , , 250 FSC , , . Supporting auditor Has an academic qualification in forestry, B 15 years experience in forestry internationally, regionally and nationally, speaks language Russian and English Ведущий аудитор , 15- , . Supporting auditor Has a university degree in ecology and environmental management, has doctors degree in forest certification, practical experience in sustainable forestry regionally and Ведущий аудитор nationally, speaks both Ukrainian and English , , . . Local Specialist Has a qualification of biologist and sociologist and PhD degree, 28 years experience in Местный biology and sociology internationally and nationally, speaks language Russian and специалист English , 28- , Peer Reviewers Notes / Примечания Рецензенты Peer Reviewer 1 Has a doctor’s (PhD) level in biology, 20 years experience in forestry internationally, and nationally and currently works in academia. Рецензент 1 - ,- 20 , . Peer Reviewer 2 Has an practical experience in forestry , 15 years experience in forestry and economy regionally and nationally and currently works in the forest industry Рецензент 2 u ,-15 , .
AD 36-A-06 Page 30 of 73
6.3 Checklist Preparation/ Подготовка чек -листа A checklist was prepared that consisted of the documents listed below. This checklist was prepared by adapting the QUALIFOR generic forest management checklist. - . - , - SGS Qualifor. This adaptation included canvassing comments from stakeholders 4 weeks before the field evaluation. Comments were received from 3 numbers of stakeholders that included 0 ENGOs, 2 Government Departments and 1 Academics. A copy of this checklist is available on the SGS Qualifor website, www.sgs.com/forestry . 4 . 3 , 0 , 2 2 / . - - SGS Qualifor, www.sgs.com/forestry .
Standard Used in Evaluation Effective Date Version Nr Changes to Standard SGS Qualifor: Generic Forest 31.07.2008 01 Management Standard (AD33)
adapted for Belarus
6.4 Stakeholder notification/ Извещения стейкхолдеров A wide range of stakeholders were contacted 4 weeks before the planned evaluation to inform them of the evaluation and ask for their views on relevant forest management issues, These included environmental interest groups, local government agencies and forestry authorities, forest user groups, and workers’ unions. The full list of stakeholders that were contacted is available from SGS. Responses received and comments from interviews are recorded under paragraph 13 of this Public Summary. 4 , . , , . , , SGS. 13 .
7. THE EVALUATION/ ОЦЕНКА The Main Evaluation was conducted in the steps outlined below. , .
7.1 Opening meeting/ Открывающая встреча An opening meeting was held in the beginning at Forestry Ministry headquarter at Minsk. The scope of the evaluation was explained and schedules were determined. Record was kept of all persons that attended this meeting. . . , , .
7.2 Document review / Обзор документов AD 36-A-06 Page 31 of 73
A review of the main forest management documentation was conducted to evaluate the adequacy of coverage of the QUALIFOR Programme requirements. This involved examination of policies, management plans, systems, procedures, instructions and controls. , QUALIFOR. , , , , .
7.3 Sampling and Evaluation Approach / Выборка и подход к оценке A detailed record of the following is available in section B of the evaluation report. This section does not form part of the public summary, but includes information on: Sampling methodology and rationale; FMUs included in the sample; Sites visited during the field evaluation; and Man-day allocation. B . , : ｱ ; ｱ , ; ｱ , ; ｱ - . Opening meeting was divided into two parts, The first one, common for all 7 groups of forest enterprises has had a place in the headquarter of the Forest Management Ministry at Minsk. The second part in the forest enterprise belonging to the territorial group. In the last day of audit there was also at Minsk the closing meeting. After the 6 week – in every of visited regional group was chosen one forest enterprise were the follow up visit has been conducted for collecting of evidences necessary for closing out of major corrective action requests raised during the main assessment. 2 . – – . – , . . 6 , . For audit there were sampled 1 of 3 forest enterprises representing the east part of the Vitebsk region, not visited while the preassesment. The first day was designed for meeting with the staff and review of current documents presenting the scheme of performed forest management. Another purpose was also checking about solution of problems raised during the Preassesment. There were also carried out meetings with some representatives of stakeholders. In the second day there were conducted field visits in 3 rangeries (among 8 existing) with survey of documentation, talks with staff and visits on the chosen forest areas (harvested and protected). All of this activity was done for checking how requirements of FSC Criteria are fulfilled. Audit has been performed by 2 auditors during 2 days. 1 3 , . , . , . . 3 ( 8 ), с целью определения исполнения требований по критериям , ( ). . 2 1 2 .
7.4 Field assessments AD 36-A-06 Page 32 of 73
Field assessments aimed to determine how closely activities in the field complied with documented management systems and QUALIFOR Programme requirements. Interviews with staff, operators and contractors were conducted to determine their familiarity with and their application of policies, procedures and practices that are relevant to their activities. A carefully selected sample of sites was visited to evaluate whether practices met the required performance levels. , QUALIFOR. , , , , , . , , .
7.5 Stakeholder interviews Meetings or telephone interviews were held with stakeholders as determined by the responses to notification letters and SGS discretion as to key stakeholders that should be interviewed. These aimed to:
clarify any issues raised and the company’s responses to them;
obtain additional information where necessary; and
obtain the views of key stakeholders that did not respond to the written invitation sent out before the evaluation. , - SGS , . :
ｱ , ;
ｱ , ;
ｱ , , .
Nr of Stakeholders Nr of Interviews with contacted Количество интервью с Количество Government стейкхолдеров , с NGOs NGOs которыми был Государстве НПО НПО установлен контакт нные MAIN EVALUATION ОСНОВНАЯ ОЦЕНКА 36 1 13 2
SURVEILLANCE 1 ИНСПЕКЦИОННАЯ ОЦЕНКА 1
SURVEILLANCE 2 ИНСПЕКЦИОННАЯ ОЦЕНКА 2
SURVEILLANCE 3 ИНСПЕКЦИОННАЯ ОЦЕНКА 3
AD 36-A-06 Page 33 of 73
Nr of Stakeholders Nr of Interviews with contacted Количество интервью с Количество Government стейкхолдеров , с NGOs NGOs которыми был Государстве НПО НПО установлен контакт нные SURVEILLANCE 4 ИНСПЕКЦИОННАЯ ОЦЕНКА 4
Responses received and comments from interviews are recorded under paragraph 13 of this Public Summary. 13 .
7.6 Summing up and closing meeting/ Подведение итогов и закрывающая встреча At the conclusion of the field evaluation, findings were presented to company management at a closing meeting. Any areas of non-conformance with the QUALIFOR Programme were raised as one of two types of Corrective Action Request (CAR):
Major CARs - which must be addressed and re-assessed before certification can proceed
Minor CARs - which do not preclude certification, but must be addressed within an agreed time frame, and will be checked at the first surveillance visit A record was kept of persons that attended this meeting. , . QUALIFOR (CARs):
ｱ Major CARs ( ) -
ｱ Minor CARs ( ) - , ,
8. EVALUATION RESULTS/ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ОЦЕНКИ Detailed evaluation findings are included in Section B of the evaluation report. This does not form part of the public summary. For each QUALIFOR requirement, these show the related findings, and any observations or corrective actions raised. The main issues are discussed below. B . . QUALIFOR, . .
8.1 Findings related to the general QUALIFOR Programme / Выводы , связанные с общей программой QUALIFOR
AD 36-A-06 Page 34 of 73
PPRRIIINNCCIIIPPLLEE 11::: CCoommppllliiiaannccee wwiiittthh lllaaww aanndd FFSSCC PPrrriiinncciiippllleess
ППРРИИННЦЦИИПП 11::: ССооооттввееттссттввииее ззааккооннооддааттееллььссттввуу ии ппррииннццииппаамм ЛЛППСС
Criterion 1.1 Respect for national and local laws and administrative requirements
Критерий 1.1 Ведение лесного хозяйства должно осуществляться с учетом всех национальных и региональных законодательных актов и требований нормативных документов .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance Forest enterprises involved in the III group of Vitebsk Region presents the permanent Согласие engagement in abiding by all obligatory national acts, ministerial decrees and internal (соответст - regulations and appropriate realization of forest policy on the regional level. The staff of all вие ) levels of management has got good possibilities of up-dating of current valid regulations and decrees of the Ministry of Forest Management. All the legal and regulatory documents related to forestry in the Republic of Belarus were in place in all visited FMUs. There was no objective evidence of any significant non-compliances with the law and national administrative requirements. , III , , , a . . , , .
Criterion 1.2 Payment of legally prescribed fees, royalties, taxes and other charges
Критерий 1.2 Все виды сборов , отчислений , налогов и других платежей , предусмотренных действующим законодательством , обязательны к оплате .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance All due payments are paid by forest enterprises (salaries, taxes, insurance, administrative Согласие costs). (соответст - ( , , вие ) .) AD 36-A-06 Page 35 of 73
Criterion 1.3 Respect for provisions of international agreements
Критерий 1.3 В странах , подписавших международные соглашения , такие как " Конвенция о международной торговле видами дикой флоры и фауны , находящимися под угрозой исчезновения ” (CITES), " Конвенции Международной организации труда " (ILO Conventions), " Международное соглашение по тропической древесине " (ITTA), " Конвенция по биологическому разнообразию ", должны соблюдаться положения , предусмотренные данными соглашениями .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Not all Forest Enterprises have got full access and knowledge of the international Недостатки Conventions. Raised CAR 01. (слабые , , стороны ) In the nature documentation of forest enterprises presenting of lists of RTE species there is not used international Latin nomenclature. Obs.1 , , Compliance Belarus is a signatory of numerous conventions and international agreements (CITES, ILO, Согласие Convention on Biodiversity). Their realization is based on implementation of new law (соответст - regulations and updating forestry law in national law system. These activities (realization of вие ) requirements and up-dating of law and regulations) are performed and comply with the standard on all levels of forest management. This was found in the levels of the Ministry and in visited forest enterprises. (CITES, ILO, ). , , . ( ) , co .
Criterion 1.4 Conflicts between laws and regulations, and the FSC P&C
Критерий 1.4 Противоречия между местным законодательством , нормативными документами и " Принципами и критериями ЛПС " должны рассматриваться в каждом конкретном случае с точки зрения достижения целей сертификации сертифицирующей организацией совместно со всеми заинтересованными или затронутыми сторонами .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance Currently there are not non-conformances between valid law regulations and FSC P&C. Согласие (соответст - FSC. вие ) AD 36-A-06 Page 36 of 73
Criterion 1.5 Protection of forests from illegal activities
Критерий 1.5 Лесохозяйственные территории должны охраняться от незаконных рубок , заселения и других неразрешенных видов деятельности .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Not all Forest Enterprise document sufficiently control over regularity of removal of wastes Недостатки from the forest.- Obs.2 (слабые стороны ) . Monitoring (supervising) of protected areas (there were found two places of waste occurrence on the „zakaznik“) is not conducted regularly. CAR 18 is raised. ( ) , ( 2 ) - . Compliance In every forest enterprise there operated forest guard service (engineers, rangers and firemen Согласие – totally about 150 persons). As results of this activity it is found that illegal felling has been (соответст - eliminated nearly 100%. вие ) ( , , , – . 150 .). , 100%.
Criterion 1.6 Demonstration of a long-term commitment to the FSC P&C
Критерий 1.6 Субъекты лесохозяйственной деятельности должны демонстрировать постоянную приверженность " Принципами и критериями ЛПС ".
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance The General Forest Directorate and the Ministry of Forest Management have got the websites Согласие presenting issues related with certification of forest management in FSC system. There is also (соответст - presented actual forest policy and commitment with FSC certification вие ) http://mlh.by/en/forestry - , , FSC. FSC http://mlh.by/en/forestry
PPRRIIINNCCIIIPPLLEE 22::: TTeennuurrree aanndd uussee rrriiigghhtttss aanndd rrreessppoonnssiiibbiiillliiitttiiieess
ППРРИИННЦЦИИПП 22::: ППрраавваа ии ооббяяззааннннооссттии ввллааддееллььццеевв ии ппооллььззооввааттееллеейй
Criterion 2.1 Demonstration of land tenure and forest use rights Критерий 2.1 Представляется достоверное подтверждение долговременных прав на землепользование ( например , юридическое право собственности на землю , право собственности на землю , основанное на обычае , договор аренды ). Strengths Достоинства (сильные AD 36-A-06 Page 37 of 73
стороны ) Weaknesses Legal rights for forest land managing are defined by state regulations (Act on Forestry) and Недостатки presented on maps, however some forest enterprises have not got copies of documents (слабые confirming these rights. Raised CAR 02 стороны ) ( ) e Compliance All certified forests belong to the state treasury. Issues of property or land use laws are Согласие documented and presented on maps in Forest Directorate and in Ministry. Visited FEs have (соответст - got licenses for forest use and conducting of forest management. Borders of managed areas вие ) are presented on maps. There are appropriate information signs at the public roads. . . . . , .
Criterion 2.2 Local communities’ legal or customary tenure or use rights
Критерий 2.2 Местные общины , имеющие юридические или традиционные права на владение или пользование земельными угодьями , осуществляют контроль лесохозяйственной деятельности с целью защиты своих прав и ресурсов за исключением случаев добровольной и осознанной передачи права контроля другим организациям .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Legal rights for forest land managing are defined by state regulations (Act on Forestry) and Недостатки presented on maps, however some forest enterprises have not got copies of documents (слабые confirming these rights. Raised CAR 02 стороны ) ( ) e Compliance In the Republic Belarus society has guaranteed access to the forest (collection of mushrooms, Согласие forest fruits and herbs, resting) and stakeholders did not raise any question related with this. (соответст - Under justified situations, access may be limited due to fire risk, harvesting operations, вие ) occurring of RTE species. In such cases – people are informed about this. With ranger’s approval there is also possible to harvest of birch juice and hay. ( , , ) - , . , , .. , , . .
Criterion 2.3 Disputes over tenure claims and use rights
Критерий 2.3 Для разрешения спорных вопросов относительно права владения и пользования используются соответствующие механизмы . Обстоятельства и суть любых нерешенных споров всесторонне учитываются в ходе оценочных мероприятий для последующей сертификации . Наиболее острые споры , затрагивающие интересы многих сторон , как правило , являются основанием для отказа в выдаче сертификата .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные AD 36-A-06 Page 38 of 73
стороны ) Weaknesses In visited Forest Enterprise procedure of solution of complaints and grievances related with Недостатки land use laws is documented but does not contain details. Obs. 3 (слабые стороны ) , – . Compliance During the audit there was not found any case of disputes related with property or way of use Согласие of forests grounds. In visited Forest Enterprise procedure of solution of complaints and (соответст - grievances related with land use laws is documented in place. вие ) , . ,
PPRRIIINNCCIIIPPLLEE 33::: IIInnddiiiggeennoouuss ppeeooppllleess’’’ rrriiigghhtttss
ППРРИИННЦЦИИПП 33::: ППрраавваа ккоорреенннныыхх ннааррооддоовв This principle except Criterion 3.3 is not applicable in Republic Belarus due to lack of indigenous people (according to the definition of UNESCO) in this Country.
ЭЭттоотт ппррииннцциипп,,, ккррооммее ккррииттеерриияя 33...33,,, ннее ппррииммеенняяееттссяя вв ББееллааррууссии вв ссввяяззии сс ооттссууттссттввииеемм ккоорреенннноогггоо ннаассееллеенниияя,,, ссоогггллаасснноо ттооллккооввааннииюю ЮЮННЕЕССККОО...
Criterion 3.1 Indigenous peoples’ control of forest management
Критерий 3.1 Коренные народы контролируют ведение лесного хозяйства на их землях и территориях за исключением случаев , когда это право добровольно и осознанно передано ими другим организациям .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance Not applicable in Republic Belarus due to lack of indigenous people (according to the Согласие definition of UNESCO) in this country. / (соответст - вие ) , .
Criterion 3.2 Maintenance of indigenous peoples’ resources or tenure rights
Критерий 3.2 Лесохозяйственная деятельность не должна прямо или косвенно вести к истощению ресурсов или ограничивать права владения коренных народов
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance Not applicable in Republic Belarus due to lack of indigenous people (according to the Согласие definition of UNESCO) in this Country. / AD 36-A-06 Page 39 of 73
(соответст - , вие ) .
Criterion 3.3 Protection of sites of special cultural, ecological, economic or religious significance to indigenous peoples
Критерий 3.3 Территории , представляющие особую культурную , экологическую , экономическую и культовую ценность для коренных народов , выявляются при участии указанных коренных народов , официально признаются и берутся под охрану лесохозяйственным предприятием .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance By the Regional Executive Committee there works the informational group which contacts Согласие representatives of local societies in the scope of recognition and maintaining of different (соответст - significant places. All places and objects identified as traditional historical, archaeological, вие ) cultural and religious are taken under formal or informal protection in the frames of performed forest management. , , , . , - , , .
Criterion 3.4 Compensation of indigenous peoples for the application of their traditional knowledge
Критерий 3.4 Коренные народы должны получать компенсацию за использование традиционных знаний в отношении лесопользования и лесоуправления при осуществлении лесохозяйственной деятельности . Эта компенсация официально согласуется с коренными народами при их добровольном и осознанном одобрении до начала лесохозяйственных мероприятий .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance Not applicable in Republic Belarus due to lack of indigenous people (according to the Согласие definition of UNESCO) in this Country. / (соответст - вие ) , . AD 36-A-06 Page 40 of 73
PPRRIIINNCCIIIPPLLEE 44::: CCoommmmuunniiitttyy rrreelllaatttiiioonnss aanndd wwoorrrkkeerrrss rrriiigghhtttss ППРРИИННЦЦИИПП 44::: ССввяяззьь сс ммеессттнныымм ннаассееллееннииеемм ии ппрраавваа ррааббооттннииккоовв Criterion 4.1 Employment, training, and other services for local communities
Критерий 4.1 Местному населению , живущему на территории или вблизи территории лесохозяйственного предприятия , должна быть предоставлена возможность получения работы , обучения и других услуг .
Strengths Достоинства (сильные стороны ) Weaknesses Недостатки (слабые стороны ) Compliance Every forest enterprise deliver numerous benefits for local people, the main of them is Согласие possibility of employment. All staff of forest enterprises and rangeries comes from local (соответст - inhabitants. Forest field operations are performed by forest operators employed by forest вие ) enterprises and living in neighbouring areas. Forest enterprises also offer for people possibility of participation in different trainings and festive events as well as place for resting and car park places. Local people have got free access to the different non-timber forest products. Forest enterprise staff actively participates in co-operation with local schools (educational activity in the scope of forest management – so called school rangeries). The most of forest enterprises have organized educational and nature trails. Many enterprises co-operate closely with local institutions and NGOs engaged in local development and tourism. Forest enterprises participate also in local investments as building and maintenance of roads or sewage water treatment plants. ,