Draft National Sustainable Energy Action Plan for the Republic of Belarus Prepared by Mr. Andrei Malochka, Consultant Table of contents 1. Current situation of energy production, distribution and consumption ..... 5 1.1. Power Sector ........................................................................................ 6 1.1.1. Current situation of the electric power industry ............................. 6 1.1.2. Renewable energy ......................................................................... 12 1.2. Fuel industry ....................................................................................... 14 1.2.1. Oil industry ................................................................................... 15 1.2.2. Gas and gas processing industry ................................................... 16 1.2.3. Peat industry .................................................................................. 17 1.3. Consumption ...................................................................................... 18 2. Generation growth goals for economic development .............................. 21 2.1. Electricity development forecast ........................................................ 21 2.2. Nuclear energy ................................................................................... 22 2.3. Renewable energy .............................................................................. 25 3. The energy aspects that are most related to the SDGs, poverty reduction and the achievement of environmental goals. In particular, particular attention should be paid to a) the gender issue, as it relates to the development of the energy sector and the role of sustainable energy in achieving SDG 5 in relation to achieving gender equality; b) the relationship between water supply and energy (in relation to SDG 6); c) the role of sustainable energy in achieving the Nationally Determined Contribution within the framework of the obligations under the Paris Agreement (SDG 13) ........ 27 1 3.1. Gender as it relates to the development of the energy sector and the role of sustainable energy in achieving SDG 5 with regard to achieving gender equality 27 3.2. Intercconections between water and energy (in relation to SDG 6) .. 28 3.3. The role of sustainable energy in achieving the Nationally Determined Contribution as part of the Paris Agreement commitments (SDG 13) ................... 33 4. National targets for achieving SDG7 ....................................................... 38 4.1. Ensuring universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy sources (including promoting the economical and social productive use of energy and ensuring the availability of affordable energy resources) ................................ 38 4.2. A significant increase in the share of renewable energy in the energy structure 45 4.3. Promotion of a significant increase in energy efficiency .................. 47 4.3.1. National goals ............................................................................... 47 4.3.2. Short term goals for industries ...................................................... 49 4.3.3. Additional indicator ...................................................................... 50 4.4. Provide access to research and technology in the field of clean energy, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil fuel technologies, promotion of investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technologies; ............................................................................................................ 51 5. Impact modalities for implementing actions to achieve SDG7 ............... 57 5.1. Mobilizing funding to significantly increase financial resources and provide more support for private sector financing by adapting new commercial tools and expanding private sector support programs ..................................................... 57 5.1.1. ESCO ............................................................................................ 57 2 5.1.2. Schemes of interaction between public - private partnerships in the development of charging infrastructure .............................................................. 60 5.2. Specific policy and regulatory elements for achieving SDG 7 .......... 62 5.2.1. Priority areas ................................................................................. 62 5.2.2. Economic and energy efficiency of energy generation and transmission 63 5.2.3. Energy independence .................................................................... 64 5.2.4. Diversification of suppliers and types of energy resources. Reliability of supplies, reservation, processing and distribution of fuel and energy resources 65 5.2.5. Improving the Energy Management System of fuel and energy complex and its organizational structure ............................................................. 66 5.2.6. The energy efficiency of final consumption of energy resources 67 5.2.7. Economic availability of energy resources to consumers ............ 68 5.2.8. Renewable Energy Development .................................................. 69 5.3. Expansion of international cooperation ............................................. 72 5.4. Strengthening knowledge and analytical capacity ............................. 73 5.4.1. Knowledge enhancement system .................................................. 74 5.4.2. Industry and buildings................................................................... 74 5.4.3. Energy Managers .......................................................................... 75 5.5. Potential impact, costs and benefits of proposed actions .................. 75 5.5.1. Energy efficiency .......................................................................... 75 5.5.2. A comprehensive development plan for the electricity sector until 2025, taking into account the commissioning of the Belarusian Nuclear Power Plant 80 3 5.5.3. The list of investment projects for the construction of peak-reserve energy sources and the installation of electric boilers ........................................ 82 6. Cross-sectoral issues of energy efficiency, renewable energy and access to energy supply .............................................................................................................. 83 6.1. Priority measures ................................................................................ 83 6.2. Energy audit ....................................................................................... 85 6.3. Accounting and Payment ................................................................... 86 6.3.1. Electric Energy .............................................................................. 86 6.3.2. Heat energy ................................................................................... 87 6.3.3. Natural gas .................................................................................... 88 7. Draft of National Sustainable Energy Action Plan for the Republic of Belarus .................................................................................................................. 89 8. Conclusions and recommendations ........................................................ 104 4 1. Current situation of energy production, distribution and consumption Energy is the most important structural component of the economy of the Republic of Belarus. The fuel and energy complex (hereinafter - FEC) ensures the functioning of all its sectors and the sustainable social and economic development of the country. The FEC of the republic includes systems for the production, transport, storage, generation and distribution of the main types of energy carriers: natural gas, oil and its products, solid fuels, electric and thermal energy. Its development is determined by state policy and a number of state and industry programs that ensure the consistent achievement of established priorities with support and guarantees at the state level. The FEC of Belarus distinguishes: − fuel industry (oil, gas, peat); − electric power industry. The structure of the combined fuel and energy balance of the republic is presented in Table. 1. Table. 1 - The structure of the combined fuel and energy balance, thousand tons of fuel equivalent; in coal equivalent 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Primary energy production (production) 5 766 5 926 5 906 5 729 5 312 5 143 5 270 5 665 (+) Import (+) 48 707 59 314 65 454 55 612 56 985 57 345 51 036 51 750 Export (-) 16 564 24 879 27 668 22 183 22 460 26 713 21 396 20 456 Change in inventories 378 755 -139 -405 -323 495 895 -108 (+, -) Gross consumption of primary energy and its 39 198 40 205 43 553 38 753 39 514 36 270 35 805 36 851 equivalents (=) Transformation sector 6 364 5 702 5 315 5 424 5 399 4 909 4 745 4 866 Non-energy sector 4 361 5 879 8 480 3 895 5 525 4 695 4 151 4 477 Distribution losses 1 901 1 840 1 860 1 789 1 786 1 648 1 532 1 516 Final consumption 26 572 26 784 27 898 27 645 26 804 25 018 25 377 25 992 5 1.1. Power Sector 1.1.1. Current situation of the electric power industry The electric power industry generates, transfers and distributes electric and thermal energy. The modern electric power industry of Belarus is a constantly developing highly automated complex, combined by a common operating mode and a one centralized dispatch control. The development of the Belarusian energy system is determined by the need to provide consumers of the republic with thermal and electric energy in