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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 163 International Conference on Democracy, Accountability and Governance (ICODAG 2017) Existence of Golkar Party in Banggai Regency 1999-2009 Fathur Rahman Mohtar Haboddin Department of Governmental Studies, Department of Governmental Studies, University of Brawijaya University of Brawijaya Malang, Indonesia Malang, Indonesia [email protected] Nur Rosalia Juita Tahwali Department of Governmental Studies, University of Brawijaya Malang, Indonesia Abstract—Golkar Party had become the rulling party in elections voting results in the district legislature in 1999, Banggai District for ten years starting from 1999-2009. The 2004 and 2009. In the 1999 legislative election, Golkar fantastic victory achieved by the Golkar Party was about 58 Party won 22 seats in the House of Representatives (DPRD) percent of the vote in 1999, followed by 32.78 percent in 2004, of the total 40 seats, then,in 2004 Golkar Party gained 13 and then 37 percent votes in 2009. Banggai District has become seats of the total 30 seats in Banggai Parliament. This means a granary for the Golkar Party. Therefore, it is not surprising that Golkar Party is the winner of thelegislative election in that Golkar Party has solidly demonstrated its existence in DPRD with the highest amount. As for the other parties in both legislative and executive institutions for ten years. This 1999 like PDIP, they only gained six seats, and PBB with article aims to describe the Golkar Party's strategies in twoseats. This continues for the 2004 period in which PDIP maintaining its existence in Banggai District since 1999-2009. won 4 seats and three seats for Democrats. Golkar Party has Data were obtained through interviews, documentation and literature study. The results of this study include: First, Mass sustained its victory in the next period. In 2009, Golkar Basis; Second, the selection of cadres; Third, the relation of Party became the winner of the legislative election again, Golkar Party with socialorganizations that become the with the acquisition of 6 seats in the Banggai Regency foundation for strengthening its existence in Banggai Regency. DPRD,whichwas followed by PDIP in second place with The sub-districts were used as the basis of the masses other five seats. In thethird position was the Democratic Party than placing the Golkar Party cadres as sub-district heads. with the acquisition of 3 seats. Tribal politics, identity, cadres became networks to gain votes. Golkar Party's power is not only the in the legislative but The construction business network of Golkar Party cadres has become an economic power for Golkar Party. Finally, the also on the executive. During the past ten years, from 1999 organizationKarangtaruna, KNPI, SOKSI, KOSGORO, and to 2009, Golkar Party's cadres have managed to put in the FKPPI become an instrument also in the cadres. Therefore, position of Chairman of Parliament and Head of the Golkar Party had become a hegemonic party in Banggai Banggai Regency for three periods. Thus, Golkar Party has District from 199-2009. increasingly controlled politics in Banggai Regency. Keywords—Existence; Golkar Party; Banggai Regency II. RESEARCH METHODS The type of research conducted is qualitative descriptive. The qualitative descriptive study is very appropriate for this I. INTRODUCTION study, in which researchers seek to describe and answer the GolonganKarya (Golkar) was established in 1 964. reality and the present of the Golkar Party hegemony in Golkar became theengine of the New Order lytic in Banggai from 1999-2009. Qualitative research methods as dominating the political system in Indonesia. After the revealed by Sugiyono is the research methods used to collapse of the New Order regime in 1998, Golkar's image examine the condition of the object of science, where continues to deteriorate. Now Golkar or Golkar Party still researchers are a key instrument, data collection technique exists in Indonesian politics. Similarly, this happens in was done triangulated (combined), data analysis is inductive Banggai Regency. Golkar Party, since the legislative and qualitative research results further emphasize and elections from 1999 to 2009, has always [1]won. generalize[1]. Banggai regency is one of the prominent districtand granary for Golkar's vote in the province of Central Sulawesi. This is evident from the Banggai's legislative Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. 12 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 163 III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION established since its creation was very stable in governmental and political organizations, particularly in A. The existence of Golkar Party;s victory in Banggai Year Banggai.This is as revealed by Darwis2as follows: Darwis 1999-2009 revealed that there are two things that causeGolkar Party to The Golkar Party has always won the votes in Election be a hegemonic party. The first factor is the cadre's are (Dapil) in Banggai from 1999-2009. The existence of potential, the quality of the cadres is higher than other the Golkar Party is achieved through several strategies as parties, and the cadres have amoresophisticated financial follows: capability. Secondly, the party system is highly structured with a very powerfulGolkar command. Chairman of DPW 1) Mass-Based Province is Prof. AminuddinPonulele; this effect is very Golkar Party has many mass bases, many outside of Java strong to instilhow Golkar including Banggai is solid, this Island. As stated by SyamsuddinHaris, Golkar is a big solidity is further supported by the quality and finance. national party, regarding cross-culture and ideology, despite its main supporters remain outside Java and parts of West TABLE I. VOTE RESULT OF BANGGAI REGENCY 1999 Java and Banten[2].Central Sulawesi in particular Banggai, Golkar No. Sub-Districts PDIP PPP have manyGolkar masses reaching the districts and villages. Party Also, according toGianie[3],the Golkar Party's experience 1. Labobo Bangkurunga 70.5 11.3 6.6 can penetrate various social strata, ethnic, cultural, or religious society. This is one factor Golkar Party always 2. Banggai 66.3 9.5 7.8 wins theelection in Banggai. 3. Totikum 68.5 7.9 6.9 Ethnic diversity Banggai affects the elections in 4. Tinangkung 69.6 7.2 10.1 Banggai, both the national election and the legislative elections. Issues relating to ethnicity are often used to obtain 5. Liang 71.4 5.9 3.9 the support of the community. In this case, the Golkar Party 6. Bulagi 60.6 15.6 2.6 in Banggai also takes advantage of this tribal issue as one of their strategy in the election.1It is also similar to what 7. Buko 66.9 11.2 2.9 happened in South Sulawesi, as expressed by 8. Batui 53.2 17.5 9.9 Gianie[4]ethnicity and general persona strongly influence 9. Bunta 44.6 16.9 14.7 voting behaviour in Sulawesi society, including South Sulawesi. As ethnicitysignificantly affects Banggai's choice 10. Kintom 53.4 11.4 6.4 in elections, it makes Golkar Party in Banggai very selective 11. Luwuk 53.7 15.4 6.5 in choosing cadres in every national election and the legislative elections. One example is by looking at the 12. Pagimana 58 11 10.3 Banggai Regency DPRD. Chairman of Parliament of 13. Lamala 46.3 27.5 3.3 Banggai district from the period of 1999, 2004 and 2009, is chaired by the Golkar Party cadres like 14. Balantak 51.1 14.4 5.2 DjarunSibay,aSaluan, and SamsulBahriMang who is a 15. Toili 35.1 40 6.3 mixture Saluan and Bugis. a. Source: Kompas Research and Development Team3 a) Golkar Party Mass Base for the period of 1999- 2004 Another main strategy utilized by Golkar Party is the Here is the strategy of the Golkar Party in the period strength and persona of cadres who ran as candidates for the 1999-2004 seen from the formation of tribes in the Golkar legislature. It is similar to what is happening in West Party faction in Banggai and percentage of Banggai votes at Sulawesi; political parties are not the only machine to be the 1999-2004 (Table I). proponent of victory. Politicalhistory and kinship ties are The data presented in Table I describes the Golkar still strong in determining votes; it is these factors that are Party's win with a total of 14 sub-districts among the other then a determinant in the direction of public opinion in the parties. On the other hand, Golkar Party's huge successin political sphere[6].Voter behaviour can be seen through the Banggai amid the distortion of the partycannotbe separated three approaches based on Leo Agustino and Muhammad from the history of the New Order for 32 years. Where AgusYusoft[7]; Golkardepoliticized the masses systemically, i.e.Golkar was "First, sociological approach, this is related to free to recruit to the level of the hierarchy within the socioeconomic status (such as education, occupation, administration at the bottom, starting from the central income and class), religion, ethnicity, and also residence bureaucracy down to the village. This was effective and efficient in mobilizing support for Golkar[5].Therefore, after the collapse of the New Order, Golkar Party's cadres 2Interview result with Darwis, a Master Program lecturer of Public AdiministrationTadulako, in a coffee shop in front of 1Based on the interview with Muhajirin, a Banggai Regency the Palu mayor’s office in Central Sulawesi on 20/09/2014 activist via phoneon 10/07/2015 3Kompas Researchand Development Team.Opcit. Pg. 621 13 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 163 (e.g. city, village, coastal or inland).