Focusing on Women 2005 Published in June 2005 by Statistics New Zealand TATAURANGA AOTEAROA Wellington, New Zealand

Catalogue Number 16.001 ISBN 0-478-26926-9 Recommended retail price $35.00 (including GST) Focusing on Women 2005

Preface

Focusing on Women 2005 is intended to inform women, policy makers, community groups, students and the public about the contemporary position of women in New Zealand society, as well as changes in their position over time. Publication of this report coincides with the New Zealand Women’s Convention, “Looking Back, Moving Forward – Titiro Whakamuri Haere Whakamua”, to be held in Wellington in June 2005 to mark the 30th anniversary of the United Women’s Convention in Wellington. There have been many changes affecting women’s lives over the past 30 years. Many more women are now participating in tertiary education, making up more than half of all tertiary enrolments in 2001. Women now have higher levels of participation in skilled and non-traditional occupations. They are living longer and having fewer children. Fewer women marry, and first marriages occur later in life – as does childbearing. Income levels still show a gap between women and men. For women, time out of the workforce and part-time work particularly impact on remuneration. Across occupational streams, there are differences in participation by women’s ethnicity, which is reflected in income. Despite the differences, the gap has generally narrowed. This publication uses information from the 2001 Census of Population and Dwellings as its baseline, and draws widely from sources such as the Ministries of Health, Education and Justice, New Zealand Police and the Department of Corrections. The team who produced this document is proud to have worked on such an important social document and hopes that readers gain a sound appreciation of the position of women in New Zealand Society.

Brian Pink Government Statistician Statistics New Zealand

iii Photo credits

Chapter 1 – Population Second from left: New Zealand Council of Trade Unions Chapter 3 – Education Second from left: New Zealand Council of Trade Unions Chapter 4 – Work First from left: New Zealand Council of Trade Unions Chapter 5 – Income First from right: New Zealand Council of Trade Unions Second from right: New Zealand Council of Trade Unions Chapter 6 – Health First from left: Andrew Gorrie/The Dominion Post

iv Focusing on Women 2005

Information

This report was prepared by the Social Conditions Division and published by the Product Development and Publishing Division of Statistics New Zealand. For further information on the statistics in this report, or on other reports or products, contact our Information Centre.

Visit our website: www.stats.govt.nz or email us at: [email protected] or phone toll free: 0508 525 525

Auckland Wellington Christchurch Private Bag 92003 PO Box 2922 Private Bag 4741 Phone 09 920 9100 Phone 04 931 4600 Phone 03 964 8700 Fax 09 920 9198 Fax 04 931 4610 Fax 03 964 8964

Information Centre Your gateway to Statistics New Zealand Each year, we collect more than 60 million pieces of information. New Zealanders tell us how and where they live; about their work, spending and recreation. We also collect a complete picture of business in New Zealand. This valuable resource is yours to use. But with all the sophisticated options available, finding exactly what you need can sometimes be a problem. Giving you the answers Our customer services staff provide the answers. They are the people who know what information is available, and how it can be used to your best advantage. Think of them as your guides to Statistics New Zealand. They operate a free enquiry service where answers can be quickly provided from published material. More extensive answers and customised solutions will incur costs, but we always give you a free, no-obligation quote before going ahead.

Liability statement Statistics New Zealand