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A Diachronic Study of Unparliamentary Language in the New Zealand Parliament, 1890-1950
WITHDRAW AND APOLOGISE: A DIACHRONIC STUDY OF UNPARLIAMENTARY LANGUAGE IN THE NEW ZEALAND PARLIAMENT, 1890-1950 BY RUTH GRAHAM A thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Linguistics Victoria University of Wellington 2016 ii “Parliament, after all, is not a Sunday school; it is a talking-shop; a place of debate”. (Barnard, 1943) iii Abstract This study presents a diachronic analysis of the language ruled to be unparliamentary in the New Zealand Parliament from 1890 to 1950. While unparliamentary language is sometimes referred to as ‘parliamentary insults’ (Ilie, 2001), this study has a wider definition: the language used in a legislative chamber is unparliamentary when it is ruled or signalled by the Speaker as out of order or likely to cause disorder. The user is required to articulate a statement of withdrawal and apology or risk further censure. The analysis uses the Communities of Practice theoretical framework, developed by Wenger (1998) and enhanced with linguistic impoliteness, as defined by Mills (2005) in order to contextualise the use of unparliamentary language within a highly regulated institutional setting. The study identifies and categorises the lexis of unparliamentary language, including a focus on examples that use New Zealand English or te reo Māori. Approximately 2600 examples of unparliamentary language, along with bibliographic, lexical, descriptive and contextual information, were entered into a custom designed relational database. The examples were categorised into three: ‘core concepts’, ‘personal reflections’ and the ‘political environment’, with a number of sub-categories. This revealed a previously unknown category of ‘situation dependent’ unparliamentary language and a creative use of ‘animal reflections’. -
The Impact of John A. Lee's Expulsion Upon the Labour Party
The Impact of John A. Lee's Expulsion upon the Labour Party IN MARCH 1940 the Labour Party expelled John A. Lee. Lee's dynamism and flair, the length and drama of the battle, not to mention Lee's skill as a publicist, have focussed considerable attention upon his expulsion. Almost all historians of New Zealand have mentioned it, and most have portrayed it as a defeat for extremism, radicalism, dissent or a policy of industrialization.1 According to one political scientist, although Labour did not quite blow out its metaphorical brains in expelling Lee, his expulsion heralded the victory of the administrators and consolidators.2 While few of those who have attributed a significance to Lee's expulsion have hazarded a guess at its effect .upon the Labour Party's membership or the party itself, Bruce Brown, who gave the better part of two chapters to the disputes associated with Lee's name, pointed out that 'hundreds of the most enthusiastic branch members' followed Lee 'out of the main stream of political life.'3 Brown recognized that such an exodus undoubtedly weakened the Labour Party although, largely because he ended his history in 1940, he made no attempt to estimate the exact numbers involved or the significance of their departure. This essay is designed to suggested tentative answers to both questions. Immediately after his expulsion Lee believed that radicals, socialists and even five or six members of parliament would join him. The first 1 For instance, W.H. Oliver, The Story of New Zealand, London, 1960, pp.198-99; W.B. -
The Mixed Member Proportional Representation System and Minority Representation
The Mixed Member Proportional Representation System and Minority Representation: A Case Study of Women and Māori in New Zealand (1996-2011) by Tracy-Ann Johnson-Myers MSc. Government (University of the West Indies) 2008 B.A. History and Political Science (University of the West Indies) 2006 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Interdisciplinary Studies In the Graduate Academic Unit of the School of Graduate Studies Supervisor: Joanna Everitt, PhD, Dept. of History and Politics Examining Board: Emery Hyslop-Margison, PhD, Faculty of Education, Chair Paul Howe, PhD, Dept. of Political Science Lee Chalmers, PhD, Dept. of Sociology External Examiner: Karen Bird, PhD, Dept. of Political Science McMaster University This dissertation is accepted by the Dean of Graduate Studies THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW BRUNSWICK April, 2013 © Tracy-Ann Johnson-Myers, 2013 ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the relationship between women and Māori descriptive and substantive representation in New Zealand’s House of Representatives as a result of the Mixed Member Proportional electoral system. The Mixed Member Proportional electoral system was adopted in New Zealand in 1996 to change the homogenous nature of the New Zealand legislative assembly. As a proportional representation system, MMP ensures that voters’ preferences are proportionally reflected in the party composition of Parliament. Since 1996, women and Māori (and other minority and underrepresented groups) have been experiencing significant increases in their numbers in parliament. Despite these increases, there remains the question of whether or not representatives who ‘stand for’ these two groups due to shared characteristics will subsequently ‘act for’ them through their political behaviour and attitudes. -
HOW to USE THIS MAP W R E E L R V T T in Ra R Hillsborough H N V Park M R St Lynfield Plc E U P Katavich E Rth
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New Zealand Gazette
No. 101 2845 THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE Published by Authority WELLINGTON: THURSDAY, 2 SEPTEMBER 1982 Members of the Distribution Committees Under Section 96 The Auckland Harbour B0a~1kau Harbour Foreshore 11 -4- of th'e Gaming and Lotteries Act 1977 and Harbourbed. Co~"'mir Order 1982 lr-1 fW' DAYID BEATIIE, overnor-General )~I '· (j I~ &l. DAYID BEATTIE, Governor-General ORDER IN C UNCIL ',Cl I 19 [ t~ ORDER IN COUNCIL At the Government House at this 23rd day of August At Government House at Wellington this 23rd day of August 1982 Presen : Present: HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERN R-GENERAL IN COUNCIL HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL IN COUNCIL PURSUANT to sect;on 165 of th Harbours Act 1950, His Excellency the Governor-Genera , acting by and with the PURSUANT to section 96 of the Gaming and Lotteries Act 1977, advice and consent of the Executi Council, hereby makes the His Excellency the Governor-General, acting by and with the following order. advice and consent of the Executive Council, hereby appoints the following persons to be members of the Distribution R Committees named for a term of 3 years commencing on the 23rd day of August 1982. 1. Title and commencement-( ) This order may be cited as the Auckland Harbour Boa Manukau Harbour Fore- 1. Distribution Committee for the Provision of Social Ameni- shore and Harbourbed Control rder 1982. ties and the Promotion of Social Welfare (2) This order shall come i o force on the 1st day of Miss P. Avery Jack of Wellington, Chairman. September 1982. Mr Q. -
Women Talking Politics
Women Talking Politics A research magazine of the NZPSA New Zealand Political Studies Association Te Kāhui Tātai Tōrangapū o Aotearoa November 2018 ISSN: 1175-1542 wtp Contents From the editors .............................................................................................................................. 4 New Zealand women political leaders today ................................ 6 Claire Timperley - Jacinda Ardern: A Transformational Leader? ............................................. 6 Jean Drage - New Zealand’s new women MPs discuss their first year in Parliament ............. 12 The 148 Women in New Zealand’s Parliament, 1933 – 2018 ................................................. 21 Articles .............................................................................................................................. 25 Julie MacArthur & Noelle Dumo - Empowering Women’s Work? Analysing the Role of Women in New Zealand’s Energy Sector ............................................................................... 25 Igiebor Oluwakemi - Informal Practices and Women’s Progression to Academic Leadership Positions in Nigeria ................................................................................................................ 31 Gay Marie Francisco - The Philippines’ ‘Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity or Expression Equality’ Bill: Who Represents the LGBTQ? ........................................................ 33 Emily Beausoleil - Gathering at the Gate: Listening Intergenerationally as a Precursor to -
Western Path AT.Govt.Nz/Cycling Seabrook Avenue O G Wolverton Street T W Sch
e r d D r t P D r Hunting u a u to a o n w r P C a a a k e C r v s utte k h l u r A P D t m ra l r L r u a W i eebank C Chat h h e m o T d P nue A Ln ve e a Short Rd g a car R i an Os d N O a ah o ld P r r N s ga th o e N b r m ro th a o J k R k C d c l ra T Hare s Lathrope Rd y Riverhead Rd le k n Krishna c L u B h Ln K g nter y u mas Hu le o o b Th r d R G R l d n th P ai ll e F e l e A a r wa Churchouse Rd w r G ta r u h O i Pl M W Roland Rd Wainoni a ip u Park ia P Rd l hithe Huapai Green Golf Course D u Oratau Pl rb in R Greenhithe Rd C a t m r Greenhithe G e ll D fa W R d r n a e d i s W in s o a n g i e Old North Rd H Ln Isobel Rd t Greenhithe s r G Sch. d Sunnyview Rd on m Al Pohutukawa Rd d S R h e e l h Outlook Rd t it e Riverland Rd h O l r P n a D Totara Rd k n e r Main Rd e fo y r r Waimarie Rd d lw G P a O r k Old Railway Rd Rope Rd ay C Trac Rd W r h lo hi Herald S Alison Ave R ahu Holgate Ave Island i Rd Totara Rd ve Manon Cr u A r Bristol Rd am D d Tauhinu Rd r un u Karaka Rd R o o P rb e G M a i Riverlea Rd e a H r Duncan Rise e rae Rd a o d r r P e g m y d p i rr McKean Rd e Fe R p a A U Coleman Ave n i Moontide Rd W v t e e s c u Kauri Rd T A he T l P u State Highway 16 e m Cl Pd Re The d rry ra R Puriri Rd Fe ll ota o T Kn K The Coatesville-Riverhead Hwy ing l Waimarie Rd sw P Punga Rd ay Rd r e h c it P Kowhai Rd m ia ill Get ready to ride W C1 Fifty-six thousand people started riding in WATERVIEW Old North Rd Auckland last year - get on your bike and Dale Rd SHAREDCycle Network PATH Map Brigham Ln join them. -
The New Zealand Gazette 1455
28 MARCH THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE 1455 Boyer, Lawrence John, P.O. Box 22-592, Otahuhu, Fletcher, George and Thelma Clayton, 177 Marine Auckland 6, company director 14,400 Parade, Mount Maunganui, gift shop Boyer, Brian Kevin, 13 Konini Street, Eastbourne, proprietors .. 14,400 solicitor .. 14,400 Forward, Leslie, 30 Kirk Crescent, Kawerau, Brehmer, Peter Elliot, 100 Mead Street, Auckland electrician 7,200 7, market gardener .. 7,200 Forward, Tony Malcolm, 30 Kirk Crescent, Bright, Colin James, 74 Mary Dreaver Street, Kawerau, apprentice electrician 7,200 Blockhouse Bay, Auckland 7, accountant 21,600 Foster, Rodney Maurice, R.D. I, Tirau, dairy Brown, Harold Francis, 7A Awanui Drive, farmer 28,800 Waikanae, laboratory technician 7,200 Francis, Ronald William, 3A St Ronans Avenue, Brown, Robert, 5 Devon Street, Kelbum, Lower Hutt, chartered accountant 7,200 Wellington, researcher 14,400 French, James, 19 Ludlam Street, Seatoun, Browne, Denys Corbett and Westbrooke, Bruce Wellington, engineer 7,200 Clifford, care of P.O. Box 32-017, Devonport, Gibbs, Peter Hayton and Peggy Dons Margaret, 2 Auckland, clerk and solicitor . 57,600 Regent Street, Hamilton, county clerk and school Browne, Denys Corbett, 61 College Road, teacher 7,200 Northcote, Auckland, clerk .. 57,600 Gilbert, Joyce, 1/48 Bentley Avenue, Glenfield, Brunt, Jacqueline Margaret, 62 English Street, Auckland I 0, registered nurse 7,200 Hamilton, office administration manager .. 7,200 Goodman, David Christopher, 14 Harvard Grove, Bulog, John Glen Anthony, 9 Gaede Terrace, Totara Park, Upper Hutt, company director 7,200 Henderson, Auckland 8, chartered accountant 7,200 Goodman, Gail Christine, 14 Harvard Grove, Totara Park, Upper Hutt, wages officer . -
Unitary Plan Appeal Decision No. 2016
IN THE HIGH COURT OF NEW ZEALAND AUCKLAND REGISTRY CIV-2016-404-2336 [2016] NZHC 138 BETWEEN ALBANY NORTH LANDOWNERS Plaintiff AND AUCKLAND COUNCIL Defendant [Continued over page] Hearing: 28 November - 2 December 2016 Counsel: M Baker-Galloway for Albany North Landowers T Mullins for Auckland Memorial Park Ltd S Ryan for Franco Belgiorno-Nettis R Brabant and R Enright for Character Coalition Inc & Anor M Savage for Howick Ratepayers and Residents Assoc Inc & Anor R Enright for The Straits Protection Society Inc and South Epsom Planning Group Inc & Anor A A Arthur-Young and S H Pilkington for Strand Holdings Ltd R E Bartlett QC for Summerset Group Holdings Ltd A A Arthur-Young and D J Minhinnick for Valerie Close Residents Group H Atkins for Village New Zealand Ltd R Brabant for Wallace Group Ltd M Casey QC and M Williams for Man OʼWar Farm Ltd R J Somerville QC, K Anderson and W G Wakefield for Auckland Council C Kirman and A Devine for Housing Corporation New Zealand and Minister for the Enironment S F Quinn and A F Buchanan for Ting Holdings Ltd S J Simons and R M Steller for Property Council of New Zealand R M Devine for Ngati Whatua Orakei Whai Rawa Ltd Judgment: 13 February 2017 JUDGMENT OF WHATA J ALBANY NORTH LANDOWNERS v AUCKLAND COUNCIL [2016] NZHC 138 [13 February 2017] This judgment was delivered by me on 13 February 2017 at 11.30 am, pursuant to Rule 11.5 of the High Court Rules. Registrar/Deputy Registrar Date: ………………………… CIV-2016-404-2298 BETWEEN AUCKLAND MEMORIAL PARK LIMITED Plaintiff AND AUCKLAND COUNCIL Defendant CIV-2016-404-2323 -
Effective Representation of Women Legislators in Parliaments
EFFECTIVE REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN LEGISLATORS IN PARLIAMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF NEW ZEALAND IN THEORETICAL AND GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science in the University of Canterbury by Nomita Halder University of Canterbury New Zealand 2002 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE List of Tables VI List of Figures V11 List of Appendices V11 Abbreviations Vlll Acknowledgement IX Abstract X CHAPTER ONE: A QUEST FOR BARRIERS, POLITICAL 1 REPRESENTATION, EFFECTIVENESS AND POWER 1.1 Problems in levels ofwomen's representation 1 1.2 Regional variation of women's representation 4 1.3 Political Representation 8 1.3.1 Theories of representation 9 1.4 Political Effectiveness 20 1.5 Project profile 27 1.6 Research design/Methodology 31 1.7 Secondary sources 33 1.8 Structure of the thesis 34 CHAPTER TWO: BARRIERS TO PARTICIPATION AND 36 EFFECTIVENESS AND SOURCES OF POWER 2.1 General societal barriers 36 2.1.1 Reproductive roles 36 2.1.2 Private versus public roles 38 2.1.2.1 Sources of stereotypes 40 2.1.2.1.1 Socialisation as a source of stereotypes 41 2.1.2.1.2 Popular attitudes 42 2.1.3 Cultural factors 46 2.1.4 Religious factors 47 2.2 Sources of power 52 o 111 2.2.1 Sources of individual power 55 2.2.l.1 Resource power 55 2.2.1.2 Position power 59 2.2.l.3 Expert power 59 2.2.l. 3.1 Education 62 2.2.1.3.2 Professional occupations and labour market 63 partici pation 2.2.1.4 Personal power 64 2.2.l.4.1 Family connections 66 2.2.2 Sources of group power 67 2.2.2.1 Quotas and reserved -
Focusing on Women 2005 Published in June 2005 by Statistics New Zealand TATAURANGA AOTEAROA Wellington, New Zealand
Focusing on Women 2005 Published in June 2005 by Statistics New Zealand TATAURANGA AOTEAROA Wellington, New Zealand Catalogue Number 16.001 ISBN 0-478-26926-9 Recommended retail price $35.00 (including GST) Focusing on Women 2005 Preface Focusing on Women 2005 is intended to inform women, policy makers, community groups, students and the public about the contemporary position of women in New Zealand society, as well as changes in their position over time. Publication of this report coincides with the New Zealand Women’s Convention, “Looking Back, Moving Forward – Titiro Whakamuri Haere Whakamua”, to be held in Wellington in June 2005 to mark the 30th anniversary of the United Women’s Convention in Wellington. There have been many changes affecting women’s lives over the past 30 years. Many more women are now participating in tertiary education, making up more than half of all tertiary enrolments in 2001. Women now have higher levels of participation in skilled and non-traditional occupations. They are living longer and having fewer children. Fewer women marry, and first marriages occur later in life – as does childbearing. Income levels still show a gap between women and men. For women, time out of the workforce and part-time work particularly impact on remuneration. Across occupational streams, there are differences in participation by women’s ethnicity, which is reflected in income. Despite the differences, the gap has generally narrowed. This publication uses information from the 2001 Census of Population and Dwellings as its baseline, and draws widely from sources such as the Ministries of Health, Education and Justice, New Zealand Police and the Department of Corrections. -
A Timeline of the History of Women in NZ (PDF 1MB)
Timeline 1816 A Mission school for 33 Mäori boys and girls was established at Rangihoua, Bay of Islands. 1840 13 Mäori women were signatories to the Treaty of Waitangi including: Anna Hamu, widow of Te Koki, the original patron of the Paihia Mission; Kahe Te Rau o te Rangi (Ngäti Mutunga, Ngäti Toa, Te Ati Awa; Rangi Ropeora, Rangatira of Ngäti Raukawa and Ngäti Toa; Rere O Maki, a woman of rank from Wanganui; and Erenora, a high-born wife of Nopera, Chief of Te Rarawa. There is evidence that some Päkehä men did not allow Mäori women to sign, because they presumed Mäori women had as few rights as Päkehä women. Treaty of Waitangi signatories ATL G-821-2 1852 The Constitution Act gave the vote to men who individually owned land, which excluded women and most Mäori. 1853-71 12,000 young single European women arrived in New Zealand as government assisted passengers. Eligible females needed to be aged between 12 and 35, sober, industrious, of good moral character and free from any bodily or mental defect. 1860 Women Immigrants Married Women’s Property Protection Act allowed deserted women to keep ATL E-079-005 their earnings and own property. 1864 Heni Pore, the daughter of a high born Arawa woman and an Irish sea Captain, physically fought for the King movement and distinguished herself at Gate Pa, and later became the Secretary to the Mäori Women’s Christian Temperance Union. She became known as an expert on Mäori land title. 1867 The Municipal Corporations Act enabled “every person of full age of twenty- one years in occupation or ownership” of rateable property the right to vote or share voting in accordance with property values, this enabled women to vote but not to stand for election.