Volume 6, Issue 7, July – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology ISSN No:-2456-2165 A Prospective Overview of Animal Husbandry, Milk Production, Consumption and its Marketing in Baghlan Province;

Moenuddin Naeimi1 Mohammad Mahdi Almas2 1-Dean of Agriculture Faculty of and Assistant Professor of Animal Science Department 2- Head of Animal Science Department and Senior Assistant Professor of Baghlan University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science. Baghlan Province, Pol-e Khumri City, Afghanistan

Abstract:- The objectives of the study were to investigate I. INTRODUCTION problems against animal husbandry development, milk production, consumption and its marketing in Baghlan Milk is the secreted fluid of the mammary glands of Province of Afghanistan. Therefore, totally eighty female mammalian which mostly obtained throughout questionnaires were distributed randomly among 80 milking of dairy cattle [12]. Milk contains nearly all the animal handlers. Interview with responsible of dairy nutrients necessary to sustain life. Since the earliest time cooperatives, dairy unions, administrative of dairy mankind has used the milk of goats, sheep and cows as food. processing companies, directorate of Agriculture, Today the term milk is synonyms with cow’s milk [3]. Milk Irrigation and Livestock, animal handlers and private is a soft and watery product which contains of 87.4% water sectors were done and founded out that there are a wide and 12.6% solid materials. As an average only 3.7% of solid range of problems and constraints against animal materials is fat, remaining 8.9 percent of solid includes of husbandry development. Genetic resources problems, protein (3.4%), lactose (4.8%) and minerals (0.7%) managerial constraints, human resources problems, lack subsequently [11]. According to Par Yard [11] there are of governmental and non-governmental services, natural 220-million dairy cattle in the world which produces 430- and uncontrollable disasters in addition of un-facilitated million-tons of milk annually. Around 2/3 part of produced institutions and low quality education are the main milk consumed directly as fresh or pasteurized and constrains against animal husbandry development in homogenized milk, remaining after processing consumed by Baghlan province. Inexistence of reasonable market for human being. produced milk, lack of hygienic milk and dairy products are other factors affect negatively on cattle husbandry. Milk and dairy products are important elements for Dairy products used by consumers are produced 61% by containing and improving health of human being and indigenous and local cows and remaining 39% percent prevent from cardiovascular disease, cancer and other obtained from crossbreed cows. Averagely, dairy cows abnormal conditions which includes of diabetes and obesity produce 230-days milk/lactation and 7kgs of milk per [17]. day. Existence of animal diseases, indigenous breed with low level of milk production, low price of milk in Around 74 percent of Afghanistan’s population are markets, lack of forage and balanced diet, high price of busy with agriculture and animal husbandry and 50 percent feed and concentrate in addition of unavailability of milk of them own dairy cattle [8]. Animal husbandry has an markets are the main constraints and reasons of animal important value in Afghanistan. Before 1978 around 66 husbandry development and lower milk production in percent of Afghanistan’s exports was agricultural products Baghlan Province. Among diseases brucellosis and which among that plant products 50%, animal products mastitis are the most prominent diseases in Baghlan contained 16% and wool products was 10 percent of total province. Therefore, it is recommended to increase milk exports of Afghanistan [22]. According to FAO [7], 3.7 production in dairy cows throughout increasing genetic million cows, 8.8 million sheep,