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Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Higher Education in Afghanistan

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International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Online ISSN: 2349-4182, Print ISSN: 2349-5979; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.72 Received: 10-03-2019; Accepted: 13-04-2019 www.allsubjectjournal.com Volume 6; Issue 6; June 2019; Page No. 91-94 Impact of information and communication technology on higher education in Afghanistan Maroof Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Education, Paktia University Gardez, Paktia, Afghanistan Abstract Our beloved country Afghanistan is suffering since last three decades through home war, politician, economic and educational difficulties which has mainly affected the educational systems and keep us away in term of development of ICT in higher education in Afghanistan. According to MoHE (2010) it is stated that, since last decade we have great ICT achievements in higher education, the internal donor and government of Afghanistan have special consideration in ICT sector in higher education to bring many changes in educational system as well as the quality of teaching and learning in higher education in Afghanistan. This paper is prepared on the impact of information and communication technology on higher education in Afghanistan. Information and communication technology is dramatically expanding all over the world. This has significance result to education sector and extension of educational opportunities, for the people all over the world. As well as I will look for the impact of ICT on higher education and how ICT plays a typical role on higher education in Afghanistan. ICT is the only source which improves the exchange of electronic communication and help to dynamic the education institution system, which will help in fast transaction of information, document delivery, document process and hindering corruption in higher education. The use of ICT is the need to bring changes in higher education system. With the existence of security threats and ongoing war in Afghanistan which has hinderd the development of information and communication technology. However, ministry of higher education has made good achievements. Almost from one and half decade MoHE in Afghanistan and all relevant higher education universities most of the educational, administrative and communication activities were performed manually through paper work. But recently ministry of higher education is trying to adopt ICT in education, which has brought many changes in ministry of higher education. Keywords: ICT, higher education and Afghanistan 1. Introduction thousands of students with quality education. Nevertheless, In modern age there are many advantages of ICT which has international donors and MoHE have special consideration dramatically changed human lives in term of education, on ICT projects and implementation of ICT in educational access to education and increase in number of student’s institutions in all provinces of Afghanistan but still some graduations. As well as for the development of a country it ICT projects are not benefited and some are faced with is important to have powerful and well organized failure. As (Sigar, 2016) [4] points out that, United States information and communication technology system in agency have invested $2.6 billion in ICT division in MoHE higher education, therefore the development of economic and MCIT in Afghanistan but still the quantity of activities and societies of a country can be strengthen by their well are anonymous. It means most of the ICT projects are failed educated citizen. According to chitnis (2017) [1] that, and have no durable outcome for the people and government Finland, Norway, Belgium and Korea are the well-organized of Afghanistan. countries that have considered and amplified efficiency in Implementation of ICT in most of the government ICT sector. This consideration have increased efficiency in organization have brought many useful changes and ICT sector and improved their educational output. Typically maintained a strong relationship between government and information and communication technology have great the people of Afghanistan. The good model is the existence impact on the development and improvement of educational of internet and telecommunication services in educational objectives, in this age of information and communication institutions in Afghanistan which have a significance impact technology implementation of ICT in higher education have on modern societies as well. On the other hand most of the potential effect on students to perform well, increase their government universities are equipped with ICT centres with knowledge, skills and to maximize their learning style. This means of availability and access to internet to increase the study shows that the existence and usage of ICT have good quality of teaching and learning in higher education in effect in the improvement of knowledge and learning Afghanistan. process of students in higher education. In this study we will have demonstration on impact of ICT Years of oppositions in Afghanistan have destroyed the in ministry of higher education and in higher educational higher education systems and universities in all provinces of universities using the qualitative method to identify the Afghanistan, ICT infrastructures and internet machinery effectiveness and improvement of information and stations were ruined. But since one and half decade communication technology. As well as the empirical work, Afghanistan is promoting in term of ICT and have most ICT importance of ICT and the main ICT projects which has centres in higher educational institutions which have brought the educational access opportunities for the people 91 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development of Afghanistan in higher education. Access to education has responsibility for their own learning more comfortably. As brought many improvements in teaching and learning which well as integration and use of ICT in education as has increased the access to education in rural and urban instructional medium is changing many strategies employed areas of Afghanistan. by teachers and pupils in the learning process. 2. Material and Methods 4. Importance of ICT in Education The method is library research (review paper) which is used As information and communication technology has brought to collect the data from update books, articles and reports. many changes and developed education sector in all over the As well as to have update information about ICT centres in world. Most of the higher educational institutions, societies, Afghanistan chairman of information technology in higher cultures, business and economics are being developed, this education shared update information regarding ICT centre in development compelled us to run as where they are and different public universities in Afghanistan. benefit the ICT in higher education to maximize the level of teaching and learning to deliver the quality education. Most 3. Literature Review of the universities lecturers do not employ the use of ICT in Implementation of ICT projects play a vital role in higher teaching some reasons might be that they are unfamiliar education because this information and communication with ICT resources or unfamiliar with use of ICT resources. technology has strengthen the teaching and learning style in Before importance of ICT in education it is important to all over the world this technology enhanced the economic understand ICT. Meenakshi (2013) point out that, ICT stand and education of countries with international standards. for information and communication technology which Farrell, (2007) [2] reported that the key factors that influence include computer, internet and telecommunication the implementation and diffusion of ICT in education in resources. The uses of ICT are increased worldwide in many studies and project reports such as the UNESCO education; she believed that ICT can strengthen teachers and survey on the Use of Technologies in Asia and Pacific. In learners with strong contribution to learning achievements. the development and implementation of ICT in Uganda they Teachers review on the usefulness of ICT in education also have benefited this research and figured the factors point out that introduction and use of ICT are tremendously influenced ICT adoption in education in Uganda. Some of effective in children learning and achievement. the factors are mentioned below. There was not any progress in last few decades in . Establishment of new policies for ICT in education and Afghanistan about the use and presence of information and implementation under a certain plan nationwide. communication technology for communication services; . The national plan authority and ministry of ICT they only benefited satellite for communication. But now a strongly advocate developing, supporting and day’s ICT is developed and the usage of smart phones, implementing ICT policies in education in Uganda. powerful computers and internet dramatically increased. Availability and access to ICT resources are quickly Nevertheless seeing great changes in higher education and improving in urban areas. most of the government universities are well utilized the . Awareness of ICT in higher education in Uganda and information and communication technology in teaching, delivery of training has been increased. learning and research purposes for evidence we can model . The importance of ICT on nationwide in Uganda has the Kabul University and Kabul Medical
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