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A Perspective on the Design and Development of the Spacex Dragon Spacecraft Heatshield
A Perspective on the Design and Development of the SpaceX Dragon Spacecraft Heatshield by Daniel J. Rasky, PhD Senior Scientist, NASA Ames Research Center Director, Space Portal, NASA Research Park Moffett Field, CA 94035 (650) 604-1098 / [email protected] February 28, 2012 2 How Did SpaceX Do This? Recovered Dragon Spacecraft! After a “picture perfect” first flight, December 8, 2010 ! 3 Beginning Here? SpaceX Thermal Protection Systems Laboratory, Hawthorne, CA! “Empty Floor Space” December, 2007! 4 Some Necessary Background: Re-entry Physics • Entry Physics Elements – Ballistic Coefficient – Blunt vs sharp nose tip – Entry angle/heating profile – Precision landing reqr. – Ablation effects – Entry G’loads » Blunt vs Lifting shapes – Lifting Shapes » Volumetric Constraints » Structure » Roll Control » Landing Precision – Vehicle flight and turn-around requirements Re-entry requires specialized design and expertise for the Thermal Protection Systems (TPS), and is critical for a successful space vehicle 5 Reusable vs. Ablative Materials 6 Historical Perspective on TPS: The Beginnings • Discipline of TPS began during World War II (1940’s) – German scientists discovered V2 rocket was detonating early due to re-entry heating – Plywood heatshields improvised on the vehicle to EDL solve the heating problem • X-15 Era (1950’s, 60’s) – Vehicle Inconel and Titanium metallic structure protected from hypersonic heating AVCOAT » Spray-on silicone based ablator for acreage » Asbestos/silicone moldable TPS for leading edges – Spray-on silicone ablator -
Stratolaunch Chooses Megadoors for the Hangar Housing the World's
Aircraft Manufacturing Mojave, CA End user: Stratolaunch chooses Megadoors for the Stratolaunch stratolaunch.com hangar housing the world’s largest aircraft. Design build © ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems AB CS.AVS/ORG.EN-1.1/1901 contractor: Background Wallace & Smith ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems proudly provided Business entrepreneur Richard Branson of Virgin Group has General Contractors Stratolaunch Systems, a Paul G. Allen Project, with a since licensed the technology behind SpaceShipOne for wallacesmith.com 420’w x 68’h (128m x 21m) Megadoor hangar door Virgin Galactic, a venture that will take paying customers into system for their new fabrication facility located in Mojave suborbital space. Metal building California. Inside this facility, the world’s largest aircraft supplier: is being fabricated by Scaled Composites which has a Critical issues: CBC Steel Buildings wingspan of 380’ (116m) and thrust provided by (6) 747 Desert Conditions: cbcsteelbuildings.com aircraft engines. This aircraft will be used as a carrier The composite carrier vehicle being crafted inside by the Hangar Statistics: vehicle, flying to 30,000ft with a rocket that will then be highly skilled technicians requires an environment protected • 103 257sq ft. launched with a payload destined for space. This system from the harsh conditions of the Mojave desert. For example, (9 592 m2) will revolutionize space transportation. the fine dust blowing around the desert airport is notorious for coating everything not properly protected. Keeping • 420’ clear span (128m) In 2004, SpaceShipOne ushered in a new era of space sensitive aviation electronics, engines and other aircraft • 3,000,000lbs of travel, when it became the first non-govern-mental components from being affected by the dust and sand structural steel manned rocket ship to fly beyond the earth’s atmosphere. -
Final EA for the Launch and Reentry of Spaceshiptwo Reusable Suborbital Rockets at the Mojave Air and Space Port
Final Environmental Assessment for the Launch and Reentry of SpaceShipTwo Reusable Suborbital Rockets at the Mojave Air and Space Port May 2012 HQ-121575 DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration Office of Commercial Space Transportation; Finding of No Significant Impact AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ACTION: Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) SUMMARY: The FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation (AST) prepared a Final Environmental Assessment (EA) in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as amended (NEPA; 42 United States Code 4321 et seq.), Council on Environmental Quality NEPA implementing regulations (40 Code of Federal Regulations parts 1500 to 1508), and FAA Order 1050.1E, Change 1, Environmental Impacts: Policies and Procedures, to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of issuing experimental permits and/or launch licenses to operate SpaceShipTwo reusable suborbital rockets and WhiteKnightTwo carrier aircraft at the Mojave Air and Space Port in Mojave, California. After reviewing and analyzing currently available data and information on existing conditions and the potential impacts of the Proposed Action, the FAA has determined that issuing experimental permits and/or launch licenses to operate SpaceShipTwo and WhiteKnightTwo at the Mojave Air and Space Port would not significantly impact the quality of the human environment. Therefore, preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement is not required, and the FAA is issuing this FONSI. The FAA made this determination in accordance with all applicable environmental laws. The Final EA is incorporated by reference in this FONSI. FOR A COPY OF THE EA AND FONSI: Visit the following internet address: http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ast/environmental/review/permits/ or contact Daniel Czelusniak, Environmental Program Lead, Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Ave., SW, Suite 325, Washington, DC 20591; email [email protected]; or phone (202) 267-5924. -
United States District Court District of Connecticut
Case 3:20-cv-01171 Document 1 Filed 08/12/20 Page 1 of 54 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT Geraud Darnis, David Hess, Michael Maurer, Richard Sanfrey, Civil Action No.: 3:20-cv-1171 Dino DePellegrini, Bradley Hardesty, Roy Dion, Alan Machuga, Theresa MacKinnon, Christopher Doot, David Carter and Costas Loukellis, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated, Plaintiffs, vs. CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT Raytheon Technologies Corporation, Carrier Global Corporation, Otis Worldwide Corporation, United Technologies Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan, United Technologies Corporation 2018 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, Carrier Global Corporation 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan, Otis Worldwide Corporation 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan, United Technologies Corporation Savings Restoration Plan, Carrier Global Corporation Savings Restoration Plan, Otis Worldwide Savings Restoration Plan, United Technologies Company Performance Share Unit Deferral Plan, Carrier Global Corporation LTIP Performance Share Unit Deferral Plan, Otis Worldwide Corporation LTIP Performance Share Unit Deferral Plan, United Technologies Company Deferred Compensation Plan, Carrier Global Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan, Otis Worldwide Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan, UTC Company Automatic Contribution Excess Plan, Carrier Global Corporation Company Automatic Contribution Excess Plan, Otis Worldwide Corporation Company Automatic Contribution Excess Plan, Lloyd J. Austin, III, Diane M. Bryant, John V. Faraci, Jean-Pierre Garnier, Gregory J. Hayes, Christopher J. Kearney, Ellen J. Kullman, Marshall O. Larsen, Harold McGraw, III, Robert K. Ortberg, Margaret L. O’Sullivan, Denise L. Ramos, Frederic G. Reynolds, Brian C. Rogers, David Gitlin, John J. Greisch, Charles M. Holley, Jr., Michael M. McNamara, Michael A. Todman, Virginia M. Wilson, Jeffrey H. Black, Kathy Hopinkah, Shailesh G. -
Virgin Galactic Th E First Ten Years Other Springer-Praxis Books of Related Interest by Erik Seedhouse
Virgin Galactic Th e First Ten Years Other Springer-Praxis books of related interest by Erik Seedhouse Tourists in Space: A Practical Guide 2008 ISBN: 978-0-387-74643-2 Lunar Outpost: The Challenges of Establishing a Human Settlement on the Moon 2008 ISBN: 978-0-387-09746-6 Martian Outpost: The Challenges of Establishing a Human Settlement on Mars 2009 ISBN: 978-0-387-98190-1 The New Space Race: China vs. the United States 2009 ISBN: 978-1-4419-0879-7 Prepare for Launch: The Astronaut Training Process 2010 ISBN: 978-1-4419-1349-4 Ocean Outpost: The Future of Humans Living Underwater 2010 ISBN: 978-1-4419-6356-7 Trailblazing Medicine: Sustaining Explorers During Interplanetary Missions 2011 ISBN: 978-1-4419-7828-8 Interplanetary Outpost: The Human and Technological Challenges of Exploring the Outer Planets 2012 ISBN: 978-1-4419-9747-0 Astronauts for Hire: The Emergence of a Commercial Astronaut Corps 2012 ISBN: 978-1-4614-0519-1 Pulling G: Human Responses to High and Low Gravity 2013 ISBN: 978-1-4614-3029-2 SpaceX: Making Commercial Spacefl ight a Reality 2013 ISBN: 978-1-4614-5513-4 Suborbital: Industry at the Edge of Space 2014 ISBN: 978-3-319-03484-3 Tourists in Space: A Practical Guide, Second Edition 2014 ISBN: 978-3-319-05037-9 Erik Seedhouse Virgin Galactic The First Ten Years Erik Seedhouse Astronaut Instructor Sandefjord , Vestfold , Norway SPRINGER-PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION ISBN 978-3-319-09261-4 ISBN 978-3-319-09262-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09262-1 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014957708 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. -
2018 Annual Report TAT Technologies
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington D.C. 20549 FORM 20-F ☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 OR ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from ______________ to _____________ ☐ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Date of event requiring this shell company report ……………….. Commission file number: 0-16050 TAT TECHNOLOGIES LTD. (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter and translation of Registrant’s name into English) Israel (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) P.O. Box 80, Gedera 7075002, Israel (Address of principal executive offices) Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered Ordinary Shares, NIS 0.90 Par Value NASDAQ Global Market Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or Common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report: Ordinary Shares, par value NIS 0.90 per share…………… 8,874,696 (as of December 31, 2018) Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. -
Virgin Galactic at a Glance
Oct. 17, 2011 Virgin Galactic at a Glance Who: Virgin Galactic, the world’s first commercial spaceline. Vision: Virgin Galactic will provide space access to paying tourism passengers and scientists for research with a smaller environmental impact, lower cost and greater flexibility than any other spaceflight organization, past or present. Once operational, Virgin Galactic aims to fly 500 people in the first year and 30,000 individuals within 10 years. Suborbital Tourism Experience: Through the Virgin Galactic space experience, passengers will be able to leave their seats for several minutes and float in zero-gravity, while enjoying astounding views of space and the Earth stretching approximately 1,000 miles in every direction. Prior to the flight, passengers will go through three days of preparation, medical checks, bonding and G-force acclimatization, all of which is included in the price of the flight. Science/Research/ Education Experience: Virgin Galactic will also host flights dedicated to science, education and research. The vehicles are being built to carry six customers, or the equivalent scientific research payload. The trip into suborbital space offers a unique microgravity platform for researchers. Owners: Sir Richard Branson’s Virgin Group and Aabar Investments PJS History: The 2004 Ansari X Prize called for private sector innovations in the field of manned space exploration. Specifically, participants had to privately fund, design and manufacture a vehicle that could deliver the weight of three people (including one actual person) to suborbital space (altitude of 100 kms). The vehicle had to be 80 percent reusable and fly twice within a two-week period. -
Space Planes and Space Tourism: the Industry and the Regulation of Its Safety
Space Planes and Space Tourism: The Industry and the Regulation of its Safety A Research Study Prepared by Dr. Joseph N. Pelton Director, Space & Advanced Communications Research Institute George Washington University George Washington University SACRI Research Study 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary…………………………………………………… p 4-14 1.0 Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. p 16-26 2.0 Methodology…………………………………………………………………….. p 26-28 3.0 Background and History……………………………………………………….. p 28-34 4.0 US Regulations and Government Programs………………………………….. p 34-35 4.1 NASA’s Legislative Mandate and the New Space Vision………….……. p 35-36 4.2 NASA Safety Practices in Comparison to the FAA……….…………….. p 36-37 4.3 New US Legislation to Regulate and Control Private Space Ventures… p 37 4.3.1 Status of Legislation and Pending FAA Draft Regulations……….. p 37-38 4.3.2 The New Role of Prizes in Space Development…………………….. p 38-40 4.3.3 Implications of Private Space Ventures…………………………….. p 41-42 4.4 International Efforts to Regulate Private Space Systems………………… p 42 4.4.1 International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety… p 42-43 4.4.2 The International Telecommunications Union (ITU)…………….. p 43-44 4.4.3 The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS).. p 44 4.4.4 The European Aviation Safety Agency…………………………….. p 44-45 4.4.5 Review of International Treaties Involving Space………………… p 45 4.4.6 The ICAO -The Best Way Forward for International Regulation.. p 45-47 5.0 Key Efforts to Estimate the Size of a Private Space Tourism Business……… p 47 5.1. -
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Burt Rutan Honored with 2015 Wright
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: Stephanie Berry 703-416-4888 Ext 104 [email protected] Burt Rutan Honored with 2015 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy Washington, DC, October 5, 2015 – The National Aeronautic Association (NAA) is pleased to announce that Burt Rutan has been selected as the recipient of the 2015 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy. Established by NAA in 1948 to honor the memory of Orville and Wilbur Wright, the trophy is awarded annually to a living American for “…significant public service of enduring value to aviation in the United States.” Rutan is a world-renown aerospace engineer noted for his originality in designing light, strong, and energy-efficient aircraft. He designed the record-breaking Voyager, which was the first plane to fly around the world without stopping or refueling, and the sub-orbital spaceplane Spaceship One, which became the first privately funded spacecraft to enter the realm of space twice within a two-week period. Rutan also has five aircraft on display at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC. “For 40 years Burt has been one of the giants in aerospace development and engineering,” said Jim Albaugh, Chairman of NAA. “So much of his work has had an impact on aircraft design and performance, and he is very worthy of one of the most important awards in aviation.” From 1965 to 1972, Rutan was a civilian flight test project engineer for the United States Air Force at Edwards Air Force Base. He left to become Director of Development of the BD-5 aircraft for Bede Aircraft, a position he held until 1974. -
The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017
Federal Aviation Administration The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 January 2017 Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 i Contents About the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 51 United States Code, Subtitle V, Chapter 509 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA AST’s website: http://www.faa.gov/go/ast Cover art: Phil Smith, The Tauri Group (2017) Publication produced for FAA AST by The Tauri Group under contract. NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. ii Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 GENERAL CONTENTS Executive Summary 1 Introduction 5 Launch Vehicles 9 Launch and Reentry Sites 21 Payloads 35 2016 Launch Events 39 2017 Annual Commercial Space Transportation Forecast 45 Space Transportation Law and Policy 83 Appendices 89 Orbital Launch Vehicle Fact Sheets 100 iii Contents DETAILED CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . -
FULL for Web.Indd
AT-A-GLANCE We are a leader in aviation and high-integrity solutions for commercial and military customers around the world. Every day we help pilots safely and reliably navigate to the far corners of the earth; keep warfighters aware and informed in battle; deliver millions of messages for airlines and airports; and help passengers stay connected and comfortable throughout their journey. As experts in flight deck avionics, cabin electronics, cabin interiors, information management, mission communications and simulation and training, we offer a comprehensive portfolio of products and services that can transform our customers’ futures. Our solutions We strive to be the most trusted source of aviation and high-integrity solutions in the world, with core competencies in: › Aircraft seating and › Displays and surveillance interior systems systems › Avionics systems › Flight control › Cabin systems and › Flight support services content services › Integrated mission and See the › Communications training solutions › Connected aircraft › Navigation solutions › Global service and support future Our innovations Our customers count on our innovations to keep them at the forefront of the industry. In fact, in fiscal year 2017 we invested more than $1 billion in research and from here development activities. Bold perspective, bright promise Our people Our highly engaged and committed team of nearly 30,000 employees worldwide seeks to build trust every day, guided by a shared purpose: To keep people safe, World Headquarters connected and informed. 400 Collins Road NE Cedar Rapids, Iowa 52498 Our footprint 319.295.1000 www.rockwellcollins.com We operate international engineering, manufacturing and 147-1916-000 sales facilities in 30 countries, and our service and © 2017 Rockwell Collins support network spans more than 150 countries. -
Architectural Options and Optimization of Suborbital Space Tourism Vehicles Markus Guerster Edward F
Architectural Options and Optimization of Suborbital Space Tourism Vehicles Markus Guerster Edward F. Crawley System Architecture Lab, MIT System Architecture Lab, MIT 77 Massachusetts Avenue. 77 Massachusetts Avenue. Cambridge, MA 02139 Cambridge, MA 02139 857-999-6103 617-230-6604 [email protected] [email protected] Abstract— Since the creation of the Ansari X-Prize, a significant The birth of the suborbital space tourism dates to May 1996, technical and commercial interest has developed in suborbital where the Ansari XPrize was launched by the Ansari family. space tourism. An obvious question arises: what system This competition challenged teams all around the world to architecture will provide the best combination of cost and safety build a reusable, private-funded and manned spaceship. The for the performance defined by the prize? The objective of this first team carrying three people to 100 km above the Earth’s paper is to address this question, by defining the design space and searching comprehensively through it with respect to surface twice within two weeks received the $10 million launch mass (a proxy for cost) and safety. We have identified 33 price. 26 teams from 7 nations proposed their concept. architectures and visualized them in a single table. Of these, 26 Finally, the Mojave Aerospace Ventures team, which was led have not earlier been proposed. A genetic algorithm optimized by Burt Rutan and his company Scaled Composites and each of these 33 architectures for launch mass and safety. The financed from Paul Allen, won the competition on October 4, launch mass was calculated by a design framework consisting of 2004.