Final EA for the Launch and Reentry of Spaceshiptwo Reusable Suborbital Rockets at the Mojave Air and Space Port
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The World's Most Active Aviation & Aerospace
The USA's Most Active Aviation & Aerospace Professionals on Social - July 2021 Industry at a glance: Why should you care? So, where does your company rank? Position Company Name LinkedIn URL Location Employees on LinkedIn No. Employees Shared (Last 30 Days) % Shared (Last 30 Days) 1 Relativity Space https://www.linkedin.com/company/relativity/United States 430 134 31.16% 2 Planet https://www.linkedin.com/company/planet-labs/United States 668 144 21.56% 3 Ametek MRO https://www.linkedin.com/company/ametekmro/United States 248 40 16.13% 4 OneWeb Satellites https://www.linkedin.com/company/oneweb-satellites/United States 213 33 15.49% 5 Wisk https://www.linkedin.com/company/wisk-aero/United States 229 34 14.85% 6 Firefly Aerospace https://www.linkedin.com/company/fireflyspace/United States 339 45 13.27% 7 Redwire Space https://www.linkedin.com/company/redwirespace/United States 409 54 13.20% 8 Pinnacle Solutions https://www.linkedin.com/company/pinnacle-solutions-inc./United States 225 29 12.89% 9 Satcom Direct https://www.linkedin.com/company/satcom-direct/United States 296 35 11.82% 10 Avian https://www.linkedin.com/company/avian-inc/United States 231 27 11.69% 11 Calspan https://www.linkedin.com/company/calspan-corporation/United States 305 35 11.48% 12 Jet Edge International https://www.linkedin.com/company/jet-edge-international/United States 250 27 10.80% 13 SalamAir https://www.linkedin.com/company/salam-air/United States 306 32 10.46% 14 FEAM https://www.linkedin.com/company/feam/United States 350 31 8.86% 15 STS Aviation Group https://www.linkedin.com/company/sts-aviation-group/United -
A Perspective on the Design and Development of the Spacex Dragon Spacecraft Heatshield
A Perspective on the Design and Development of the SpaceX Dragon Spacecraft Heatshield by Daniel J. Rasky, PhD Senior Scientist, NASA Ames Research Center Director, Space Portal, NASA Research Park Moffett Field, CA 94035 (650) 604-1098 / [email protected] February 28, 2012 2 How Did SpaceX Do This? Recovered Dragon Spacecraft! After a “picture perfect” first flight, December 8, 2010 ! 3 Beginning Here? SpaceX Thermal Protection Systems Laboratory, Hawthorne, CA! “Empty Floor Space” December, 2007! 4 Some Necessary Background: Re-entry Physics • Entry Physics Elements – Ballistic Coefficient – Blunt vs sharp nose tip – Entry angle/heating profile – Precision landing reqr. – Ablation effects – Entry G’loads » Blunt vs Lifting shapes – Lifting Shapes » Volumetric Constraints » Structure » Roll Control » Landing Precision – Vehicle flight and turn-around requirements Re-entry requires specialized design and expertise for the Thermal Protection Systems (TPS), and is critical for a successful space vehicle 5 Reusable vs. Ablative Materials 6 Historical Perspective on TPS: The Beginnings • Discipline of TPS began during World War II (1940’s) – German scientists discovered V2 rocket was detonating early due to re-entry heating – Plywood heatshields improvised on the vehicle to EDL solve the heating problem • X-15 Era (1950’s, 60’s) – Vehicle Inconel and Titanium metallic structure protected from hypersonic heating AVCOAT » Spray-on silicone based ablator for acreage » Asbestos/silicone moldable TPS for leading edges – Spray-on silicone ablator -
Stratolaunch Chooses Megadoors for the Hangar Housing the World's
Aircraft Manufacturing Mojave, CA End user: Stratolaunch chooses Megadoors for the Stratolaunch stratolaunch.com hangar housing the world’s largest aircraft. Design build © ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems AB CS.AVS/ORG.EN-1.1/1901 contractor: Background Wallace & Smith ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems proudly provided Business entrepreneur Richard Branson of Virgin Group has General Contractors Stratolaunch Systems, a Paul G. Allen Project, with a since licensed the technology behind SpaceShipOne for wallacesmith.com 420’w x 68’h (128m x 21m) Megadoor hangar door Virgin Galactic, a venture that will take paying customers into system for their new fabrication facility located in Mojave suborbital space. Metal building California. Inside this facility, the world’s largest aircraft supplier: is being fabricated by Scaled Composites which has a Critical issues: CBC Steel Buildings wingspan of 380’ (116m) and thrust provided by (6) 747 Desert Conditions: cbcsteelbuildings.com aircraft engines. This aircraft will be used as a carrier The composite carrier vehicle being crafted inside by the Hangar Statistics: vehicle, flying to 30,000ft with a rocket that will then be highly skilled technicians requires an environment protected • 103 257sq ft. launched with a payload destined for space. This system from the harsh conditions of the Mojave desert. For example, (9 592 m2) will revolutionize space transportation. the fine dust blowing around the desert airport is notorious for coating everything not properly protected. Keeping • 420’ clear span (128m) In 2004, SpaceShipOne ushered in a new era of space sensitive aviation electronics, engines and other aircraft • 3,000,000lbs of travel, when it became the first non-govern-mental components from being affected by the dust and sand structural steel manned rocket ship to fly beyond the earth’s atmosphere. -
U.S. Human Space Flight Safety Record As of July 20, 2021
U.S. Human Space Flight Safety Record (As of 20 July 2021) Launch Type Total # of Total # People Total # of Total # of People on Died or Human Space Catastrophic Space Flight Seriously Flights Failures6 Injured3 Orbital (Total) 9271 17 1664 3 Suborbital 2332 3 2135 2 (Total) Total 1160 20 379 5 § 460.45(c) An operator must inform each space flight participant of the safety record of all launch or reentry vehicles that have carried one or more persons on board, including both U.S. government and private sector vehicles. This information must include— (1) The total number of people who have been on a suborbital or orbital space flight and the total number of people who have died or been seriously injured on these flights; and (2) The total number of launches and reentries conducted with people on board and the number of catastrophic failures of those launches and reentries. Federal Aviation Administration AST Commercial Space Transportation Footnotes 1. People on orbital space flights include Mercury (Atlas) (4), Gemini (20), Apollo (36), Skylab (9), Space Shuttle (852), and Crew Dragon (6) a. Occupants are counted even if they flew on only the launch or reentry portion. The Space Shuttle launched 817 humans and picked up 35 humans from MIR and the International Space Station. b. Occupants are counted once reentry is complete. 2. People on suborbital space flights include X-15 (169), M2 (24), Mercury (Redstone) (2), SpaceShipOne (5), SpaceShipTwo (29), and New Shepard System (4) a. Only occupants on the rocket-powered space bound vehicles are counted per safety record criterion #11. -
Future Space Launch Vehicles
Future Space Launch Vehicles S. Krishnan Professor of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennnai - 600 036, India (Written in 2001) Introduction Space technology plays a very substantial role in the economical growth and the national security needs of any country. Communications, remote sensing, weather forecasting, navigation, tracking and data relay, surveillance, reconnaissance, and early warning and missile defence are its dependent user-technologies. Undoubtedly, space technology has become the backbone of global information highway. In this technology, the two most important sub-technologies correspond to spacecraft and space launch vehicles. Spacecraft The term spacecraft is a general one. While the spacecraft that undertakes a deep space mission bears this general terminology, the one that orbits around a planet is also a spacecraft but called specifically a satellite more strictly an artificial satellite, moons around their planets being natural satellites. Cassini is an example for a spacecraft. This was developed under a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency, and the Italian Space Agency. Cassini spacecraft, launched in 1997, is continuing its journey to Saturn (about 1274 million km away from Earth), where it is scheduled to begin in July 2004, a four- year exploration of Saturn, its rings, atmosphere, and moons (18 in number). Cassini executed two gravity-assist flybys (or swingbys) of Venus one in April 1998 and one in June 1999 then a flyby of Earth in August 1999, and a flyby of Jupiter (about 629 million km away) in December 2000, see Fig. 1. We may note here with interest that ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) is thinking of a flyby mission of a spacecraft around Moon (about 0.38 million km away) by using its launch vehicle PSLV. -
THE HELIUM NEAR SPACE LABORATORY Human Near Space Access, Now, More Affordable, Reliable and Safe
66th International Astronautical Congress, Jerusalem, Israel. Copyright ©2015 by the International Astronautical Federation. All rights reserved. IAC-15-B3.2.8.30387 THE HELIUM NEAR SPACE LABORATORY Human Near Space Access, Now, More Affordable, Reliable and Safe. Annelie Schoenmaker, David Ferrer Desclaux, José Mariano López-Urdiales, Gerard Illana Meler zero2infinity SL Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain +34 935 824 422 [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract The HELIUM (High European Laboratory for Institutes, Universities and Markets) project offers European and international companies, researchers and scientists a platform to access Near Space. Space technologies are on a continuous growth path and many new developments (related to flag-ship Space programmes like Galileo or Copernicus, and a long tail of other Space initiatives) need to be tested, demonstrated and validated before being accepted by the industry. Currently, these newly developed technologies are tested on the ground, using climatic chambers that simulate one, or a few, Space conditions. However, it remains difficult to simulate the integrated effect of all Space conditions. It’s even more difficult to have a human in the loop, which can help understand the interactions between the environment and the experiment. zero2infinity is developing a balloon-borne laboratory that provides cost effective access to Near Space. It’s an environmentally friendly solution that. In Europe there is an increasing demand of flight opportunities to test, validate, demonstrate and calibrate technologies, equipment and new concepts that need to increase their TRL. This is essential to retain the competitiveness of the European Space sector. -
Virgin Galactic Th E First Ten Years Other Springer-Praxis Books of Related Interest by Erik Seedhouse
Virgin Galactic Th e First Ten Years Other Springer-Praxis books of related interest by Erik Seedhouse Tourists in Space: A Practical Guide 2008 ISBN: 978-0-387-74643-2 Lunar Outpost: The Challenges of Establishing a Human Settlement on the Moon 2008 ISBN: 978-0-387-09746-6 Martian Outpost: The Challenges of Establishing a Human Settlement on Mars 2009 ISBN: 978-0-387-98190-1 The New Space Race: China vs. the United States 2009 ISBN: 978-1-4419-0879-7 Prepare for Launch: The Astronaut Training Process 2010 ISBN: 978-1-4419-1349-4 Ocean Outpost: The Future of Humans Living Underwater 2010 ISBN: 978-1-4419-6356-7 Trailblazing Medicine: Sustaining Explorers During Interplanetary Missions 2011 ISBN: 978-1-4419-7828-8 Interplanetary Outpost: The Human and Technological Challenges of Exploring the Outer Planets 2012 ISBN: 978-1-4419-9747-0 Astronauts for Hire: The Emergence of a Commercial Astronaut Corps 2012 ISBN: 978-1-4614-0519-1 Pulling G: Human Responses to High and Low Gravity 2013 ISBN: 978-1-4614-3029-2 SpaceX: Making Commercial Spacefl ight a Reality 2013 ISBN: 978-1-4614-5513-4 Suborbital: Industry at the Edge of Space 2014 ISBN: 978-3-319-03484-3 Tourists in Space: A Practical Guide, Second Edition 2014 ISBN: 978-3-319-05037-9 Erik Seedhouse Virgin Galactic The First Ten Years Erik Seedhouse Astronaut Instructor Sandefjord , Vestfold , Norway SPRINGER-PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION ISBN 978-3-319-09261-4 ISBN 978-3-319-09262-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09262-1 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014957708 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. -
Delta Clipper a Path to the Future
Delta Clipper A Path to the Future By Jason Moore & Ashraf Shaikh Executive Summary Although the Space Shuttle has well served its purpose for years, in order to revitalize and advance the American space program, a new space launch vehicle is needed. A prime candidate for the new manned launch vehicle is the DC-X. The DC-X isn’t a state-of-the-art rocket that would require millions of dollars of new development. The DC-X is a space launch vehicle that has already been tested and proven. Very little remains to be done in order to complete the process of establishing the DC-X as an operational vehicle. All that’s left is the building and final testing of a full-size DC-X, followed by manufacture and distribution. The Space Shuttle, as well as expendable rockets, is very expensive to build, maintain and launch. Costing approximately half a billion dollars for each flight, NASA can only afford to do a limited number of Space Shuttle missions. Also, the Shuttle is maintenance intensive, requiring hundreds of man-hours of maintenance after each flight. The DC-X, however, is very cheap to build, easy to maintain, and much cheaper to operate. If the DC-X was used as NASA’s vehicle of choice, NASA could afford to put more payloads into orbit, and manned space missions wouldn’t be the relative rarity they are now. Since not much remains in order to complete the DC-X, a new private organization dedicated solely to the DC-X would be the ideal choice for the company that would build it. -
Minotaur I User's Guide
This page left intentionally blank. Minotaur I User’s Guide Revision Summary TM-14025, Rev. D REVISION SUMMARY VERSION DOCUMENT DATE CHANGE PAGE 1.0 TM-14025 Mar 2002 Initial Release All 2.0 TM-14025A Oct 2004 Changes throughout. Major updates include All · Performance plots · Environments · Payload accommodations · Added 61 inch fairing option 3.0 TM-14025B Mar 2014 Extensively Revised All 3.1 TM-14025C Sep 2015 Updated to current Orbital ATK naming. All 3.2 TM-14025D Sep 2018 Branding update to Northrop Grumman. All 3.3 TM-14025D Sep 2020 Branding update. All Updated contact information. Release 3.3 September 2020 i Minotaur I User’s Guide Revision Summary TM-14025, Rev. D This page left intentionally blank. Release 3.3 September 2020 ii Minotaur I User’s Guide Preface TM-14025, Rev. D PREFACE This Minotaur I User's Guide is intended to familiarize potential space launch vehicle users with the Mino- taur I launch system, its capabilities and its associated services. All data provided herein is for reference purposes only and should not be used for mission specific analyses. Detailed analyses will be performed based on the requirements and characteristics of each specific mission. The launch services described herein are available for US Government sponsored missions via the United States Air Force (USAF) Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC), Advanced Systems and Development Directorate (SMC/AD), Rocket Systems Launch Program (SMC/ADSL). For technical information and additional copies of this User’s Guide, contact: Northrop Grumman -
Virgin Galactic at a Glance
Oct. 17, 2011 Virgin Galactic at a Glance Who: Virgin Galactic, the world’s first commercial spaceline. Vision: Virgin Galactic will provide space access to paying tourism passengers and scientists for research with a smaller environmental impact, lower cost and greater flexibility than any other spaceflight organization, past or present. Once operational, Virgin Galactic aims to fly 500 people in the first year and 30,000 individuals within 10 years. Suborbital Tourism Experience: Through the Virgin Galactic space experience, passengers will be able to leave their seats for several minutes and float in zero-gravity, while enjoying astounding views of space and the Earth stretching approximately 1,000 miles in every direction. Prior to the flight, passengers will go through three days of preparation, medical checks, bonding and G-force acclimatization, all of which is included in the price of the flight. Science/Research/ Education Experience: Virgin Galactic will also host flights dedicated to science, education and research. The vehicles are being built to carry six customers, or the equivalent scientific research payload. The trip into suborbital space offers a unique microgravity platform for researchers. Owners: Sir Richard Branson’s Virgin Group and Aabar Investments PJS History: The 2004 Ansari X Prize called for private sector innovations in the field of manned space exploration. Specifically, participants had to privately fund, design and manufacture a vehicle that could deliver the weight of three people (including one actual person) to suborbital space (altitude of 100 kms). The vehicle had to be 80 percent reusable and fly twice within a two-week period. -
Space Planes and Space Tourism: the Industry and the Regulation of Its Safety
Space Planes and Space Tourism: The Industry and the Regulation of its Safety A Research Study Prepared by Dr. Joseph N. Pelton Director, Space & Advanced Communications Research Institute George Washington University George Washington University SACRI Research Study 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary…………………………………………………… p 4-14 1.0 Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. p 16-26 2.0 Methodology…………………………………………………………………….. p 26-28 3.0 Background and History……………………………………………………….. p 28-34 4.0 US Regulations and Government Programs………………………………….. p 34-35 4.1 NASA’s Legislative Mandate and the New Space Vision………….……. p 35-36 4.2 NASA Safety Practices in Comparison to the FAA……….…………….. p 36-37 4.3 New US Legislation to Regulate and Control Private Space Ventures… p 37 4.3.1 Status of Legislation and Pending FAA Draft Regulations……….. p 37-38 4.3.2 The New Role of Prizes in Space Development…………………….. p 38-40 4.3.3 Implications of Private Space Ventures…………………………….. p 41-42 4.4 International Efforts to Regulate Private Space Systems………………… p 42 4.4.1 International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety… p 42-43 4.4.2 The International Telecommunications Union (ITU)…………….. p 43-44 4.4.3 The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS).. p 44 4.4.4 The European Aviation Safety Agency…………………………….. p 44-45 4.4.5 Review of International Treaties Involving Space………………… p 45 4.4.6 The ICAO -The Best Way Forward for International Regulation.. p 45-47 5.0 Key Efforts to Estimate the Size of a Private Space Tourism Business……… p 47 5.1. -
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Burt Rutan Honored with 2015 Wright
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: Stephanie Berry 703-416-4888 Ext 104 [email protected] Burt Rutan Honored with 2015 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy Washington, DC, October 5, 2015 – The National Aeronautic Association (NAA) is pleased to announce that Burt Rutan has been selected as the recipient of the 2015 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy. Established by NAA in 1948 to honor the memory of Orville and Wilbur Wright, the trophy is awarded annually to a living American for “…significant public service of enduring value to aviation in the United States.” Rutan is a world-renown aerospace engineer noted for his originality in designing light, strong, and energy-efficient aircraft. He designed the record-breaking Voyager, which was the first plane to fly around the world without stopping or refueling, and the sub-orbital spaceplane Spaceship One, which became the first privately funded spacecraft to enter the realm of space twice within a two-week period. Rutan also has five aircraft on display at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC. “For 40 years Burt has been one of the giants in aerospace development and engineering,” said Jim Albaugh, Chairman of NAA. “So much of his work has had an impact on aircraft design and performance, and he is very worthy of one of the most important awards in aviation.” From 1965 to 1972, Rutan was a civilian flight test project engineer for the United States Air Force at Edwards Air Force Base. He left to become Director of Development of the BD-5 aircraft for Bede Aircraft, a position he held until 1974.