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Ahead of the curve How UK and can benefit your company

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In association with Motorsport Association (MIA) – The Global Motorsport Business Network

With nearly 400 global corporate Working actively with governments and members, who transact over £5bn of industries around the world, the MIA international motorsport business, identifies and engages opportunities the MIA is the world’s leading trade for members to grow their motorsport Withdrawnassociation for the motorsport and high- business, and exploit their innovative performance sector. The capability within automotive, defence, organisation represents the specialised marine, aerospace and beyond. needs of this highly successful industry as it undergoes rapid global development.

www.the-mia.com

The registered trade mark of Motorsport Valley® is owned by the Motorsport Industry Association on behalf of the motorsport industry.

Front Cover: LAT Photographic Ahead of the curve 1

UK Motorsport – a global leader The UK is the undisputed world leader in global motorsport. Dominant in Formula 1, it is the home of and the leading international supplier to racing series from China to the USA. The cutting-edge technology developed in the UK’s Motorsport Valley® is increasingly finding applications in other industries. Organisations in sectors as varied as defence and2020 healthcare are taking advantage of UK motorsport’s unique ability to find rapid solutions to complex challenges.

UK Motorsport offers: 1 2 3 The ideal location for Groundbreaking technology Solutions for every sector product development December

The most precious in For over 50 years, the4 UK has been Capabilities from Motorsport Valley® are motorsport is time. The key to Motorsport responsible for more motorsport being used by an ever-growing number of Valley’s® success is that it is the world’s than any other country. In industries, from aerospace and defence biggest cluster of competition-oriented 2014, the British-based Mercedes AMG to marine and healthcare. The principles engineering organisations. Their close Petronason team designed the F1 W05 Hybrid of using world-leading technology proximity to each other allows ideas, with its revolutionary ; to solve engineering challenges are components and people to move around achieving 16 race victories in a single universally applicable and UK motorsport quicker than anywhere else globally. Teams season, this car is the most dominant in companies have already solved many in every leading motorsport series in the the history of Formula 1. UK Motorsport problems currently being faced by world rely on UK suppliers for success. innovations are increasingly being used in industry. Even pit-stop techniques are – for example, London buses being employed to dramatically increase are now being fitted with a hybrid energy- efficiency on production lines and recovery system developed by Williams F1. emergency wards.

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For more information on how to invest UK Trade & Investment Automotive Investment Organisation in UK Motorsport, please contact T: +44 (0)20 7215 5000 T: +44 (0)20 7333 5442 UK Trade & Investment and the E: [email protected] E: [email protected] Automotive Investment Organisation. 2 Ahead of the curve

Timeline

2020 LAT Photographic © 1953 First use of disc brakes in motorsport by Jaguar at Le Mans

1957 LAT Photographic © Cooper pioneers mid-engined Formula 1 design (Cooper T43) LAT Photographic © 1962 1963 Lotus creates first monocoque () proves superior grip of front- drive on December1967 DFV demonstrates the 4 superiority of four valves per cylinder 1976 Lotus 78 pioneers ‘’ aerodynamics on 1981 McLaren first Formula 1 car with carbon- fibre composite monocoque chassis

1995 LAT Photographic © McLaren F1 GTR wins Le Mans – only road car ever to beat Le Mans Prototypes

LAT Photographic © 2008 Withdrawn First use of KERS (Kinetic Energy Recovery System) in Formula 1

2014 Mercedes AMG © 1.6 litre Formula 1 powertrains are one-third smaller, one-third more economical, but the same power as the previous year’s 2.4-litre Ahead of the curve 3

A history of innovation The most striking aspect of UK Motorsport over the last 50 years is how it has successfully surfed each new technology wave.

Although there was a rich history of At the time, there seemed no significance In the 1950s, the focus in UK Motorsport motorsport in the UK before the Second in inaugurating the series in the UK: single- was racing, with Jaguar winning World War, the modern era can be seater motor racing was then dominated Le Mans five times, and 2020Aston Martin dated from the first Formula 1 World by Italian teams such as , and once. It was not until 1959 that a British Championship race in 1950. Held at , and there seemed no particular car took a driver to the Formula 1 Drivers’ , the race course was marked reason why the UK should become the Championship. Initially, UK success was out by straw bales and oil drums. centre of the motorsport world. met with a degree of condescension: described the country’s teams as ‘garagistes’ bolting together other people’s components in their small garages. However, the tide turned: in the 1960s, UK-based and teams went from being enthusiastic amateurs to world leaders, winning seven Formula 1 Constructors’ Championships and being victorious at , Le Mans Decemberand the Monte Carlo Rally. The ‘cottage industry’ that had sprung up around motor racing was showing the 4 benefit of its business model. Rather than the continental model of developing all the major parts of a racing car in-house, UK teams were happy to give suppliers a on much freer hand in developing ideas and supplying complete sub-systems. From the outside, it may have looked ad hoc, but it meant a much better flow of innovative ideas, as each supplier knew its own field LAT Photographic © better than the customer team ever could.

Indeed, the logic was later accepted by mainstream car manufacturers who, since the 1980s, have moved a large proportion of R&D to specialist suppliers.

Pioneering with every passing year, UK companies have consolidated their position as specialists in all areas of Withdrawn motorsport – as the pace of technology has accelerated, the UK’s lead has grown.

LAT Photographic © 4 Ahead of the curve

The world’s motorsport technology hub

The UK’s Motorsport Valley® is one of the world’s leading examples of a successful business cluster, akin to Silicon Valley or Hollywood.2020

Motorsport Valley® is famous for • the supplier to every dominating Formula 1; however, this is just Le Mans racing car; one facet of the UK motorsport industry, “A mature economic • the world leader in motorsport which is also: engineering, for everything from business cluster, which • home to Formula E, the new global precision machining to complete is number one in the series for electric racing cars; world… the jewel in • the major international supplier to • the global centre of motorsport the crown of British the leading USA series of IndyCar, aerodynamics, and simulation. NASCAR and the United SportsCar engineering.” Motorsport Valley® is also the place where Championship; other technology-based sports go to for Professor Michael Porter Harvard Association. • the major international supplier and help – powerboats, America’sDecember Cup yachts, sole supplier to the emerging superyachts, , bicycles, air China Touring Car Championship; races – even bobsleighs.4 on Motorsport Valley® in numbers 7 out of 10 Over £9bn Over 30% Formula 1 teams are based in worldwide turnover of UK motorsport companies’ in the UK turnover is re-invested in R&D – 4,300 almost 10 times higher than 87% businesses road-car manufacturers. of UK motorsport businesses export overseas 41,000 staff (including 25,000 highly Withdrawnskilled engineers) Ahead of the curve 5

Case studies

Xtrac: One of the UK’s most successful motorsport2020 companies, Xtrac is a worldwide leader in the design and manufacture of transmission systems. Xtrac is a long-established supplier of gearbox components to almost every Formula 1 team, and also supplies gearboxes, differentials and driveline components to a wide range of major international racing series. Combining engineering expertise, agile delivery and attention to detail, the company now boasts a wide client base including Decemberthe transportation, defence and marine sectors.

4 www.xtrac.com

DC Electronics: In three years DC on Electronics has grown from having no significant US export business to supplying virtually every major championship across US motorsport, including Global , IndyCar, NASCAR, NHRA, World Challenge, SCCA and United SportsCar. Over 50 per cent of the -based firm’s turnover is now generated from export sales and it has established a production facility in Mooresville, North Carolina. As a world-leader in custom-built electrical systems, Withdrawn DC Electronics also supplies offshore powerboats, aerospace and military customers.

www.dcelectronics.co.uk

Formula E © 6 Ahead of the curve

Key companies in Motorsport Valley®

Among the high-performance engineering organisations based in Motorsport Valley® are: 2020

Aero Tec Laboratories (ATL) McLaren Group Alcon Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains AP Racing Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Motorsport MIRA Bosch Motorsport Moog capricorn Automotive Motorsport Industry Association Caterham Technology and Innovation Mountune Cosworth Group MultimaticDecember DC Electronics 4Performance Friction Dell Motorsport Pirelli Delta Motorsport Donington Park on Qt Services Formula E Bull Racing GKN Technology Goodridge Ricardo Goodwood Rimstock Goodyear Dunlop RML Group Grainger & Worrall Safety Devices International Group Lotus Sahara F1 Engineering Santa Pod Raceway Engineering Swindon Engines JotaWithdrawn Group Torotrak Group JRM Group TotalSim Lifeline Fire & Safety Systems Williams Advanced Engineering Lloyds of London Williams Grand Prix Engineering Team Wirth Research M-Sport Xtrac MAHLE Powertrain Zircotec Ahead of the curve 7

Energy efficient solutions

Ever since the first car race in 1894, victory has gone to the vehicle which has used its energy most efficiently. This endless search for maximum energy efficiency now includes movable aerodynamics, lightweight2020 structures, packaging and integration, energy recovery and storage, hybrid powertrains and turbocharged downsized engines. This expertise is at the heart of UK motorsport excellence.

Aerodynamics Originally, it was assumed the less aerodynamic drag a racing car produced, the faster it would go – this created the popular ‘streamlined’ shape. However, in the 1960s, UK designers began to understand that by creating aerodynamic December downforce from aerofoils and wings the cars could corner faster, even if the slight 4 increase in drag reduced the straight-line top speed. In the 1970s, the UK continued to be a pioneer, with a particular highlight LAT Photographic © being the victorious ‘ground on effect’ car. Motorsport Valley® has long been at Since then, the UK has cemented its the forefront of lightweight material Motorsport position as the undisputed centre of development. One of the most significant innovative motorsport aerodynamics, with examples is the use of carbon-fibre technology many overseas-based teams locating their composites to create a driver’s ‘safety transfer to aerodynamic facilities in Motorsport Valley®. cell’, first pioneered by McLaren in 1981. This material is now being used in high- automotive Lightweight design, performance road cars, and is steadily materials and components moving into volume car production. In 2008, Williams F1 designed an electromechanical hybrid energy- Lotus’ founder, , famously Energy recovery and storage recovery system using a flywheel stated: “Adding power makes you faster instead of a battery. This was on the straights, subtracting weight makes In recent years, the regulations of Formula successfully adopted by and you faster everywhere.” If anything, this 1 have been designed to encourage Withdrawn in the World Endurance is even truer today than when he first the development of technology that Championship, and the technology said it. Nowadays, car companies are can be applied to road vehicles, such was then bought by the major UK learning from their racing colleagues as as downsizing and the use of hybrid automotive supplier, GKN Driveline. increasingly stringent CO2 targets for road powertrains. Motorsport Valley® has In 2014, the first production deal was cars mean that weight is reduced while been at the forefront of this process. announced for 500 London buses, consumers demand additional safety and and further production contracts luxury equipment. are expected. 8 Ahead of the curve

Product development

Every racing car is a prototype which is never ‘finished’ and yet must be delivered to a race on time, every time. A Formula 1 car moves from 2020 origination, through competition into the museum within just 24 months. It incorporates over 11,000 parts – 80 per cent of which will be redesigned during the course of a season.

A crucial success factor is to have the Prototyping – shortest possible supply chain. The unique “We only race prototypes” advantages of the Motorsport Valley® business community are its proximity to Motorsport Valley® is the world- the customer, its race-proven strength in leading engineering community for the depth and its ‘community of knowledge’ development and testing ofDecember radical new which is adept at resolving complex ideas in the harshest environments. In just engineering challenges. 24 hours at Le Mans, a car must cover over 5,200 km at more4 than 240 km/h Original research average speed, with the engine running at full throttle for 85 per cent of the time. In every area of development, the UK has A racing car is one of the most complex world-leading specialists and , on combinations of prototype parts it is responsible for innovations such as the possible to assemble – and UK Motorsport battery chemistry that enables the F1 excels in all areas. KERS (Kinetic Energy Recovery System) to fully drain and recharge its battery in less Production than a minute, and the aerodynamics and simulation that keeps racing cars glued to Its unique expertise in taking from the track at over 300 km/h. concept to low-volume production has made Motorsport Valley® a global leader Engineering in helping products the divide between initial prototype and full-scale From the invention of the modern mid- production. In engineering terms, that engined single-seater in the 1960s and means moving from Technology Readiness the all-conquering Cosworth DFV engine Level (TRL) 4 to 7. of theWithdrawn 1970s, the UK has always been the engineering leader in global motorsport.

LAT Photographic © Ahead of the curve 9

The Foundations of Success

No one wins a motorsport world championship by luck, and no country dominates a high-tech industry by chance. The UK has underlying advantages which enable the success of UK motorsport: 2020 European leader in academic research 6 of the world’s top 20 universities are in the UK

December 4 European leader on in aerospace (and world no. 2)

European leader in software (48% of large software Withdrawn companies are in the UK)

UK 10 Ahead of the curve

Systems integration

In motorsport every square millimetre of space and every gram of weight matters.

Race vehicles must achieve the optimum A result of this new technology is one of balance between aerodynamic efficiency, the most complex system-integration tasks 2020 reduced weight and dynamic performance in modern engineering. This knowledge – therefore systems integration and is increasingly important for road cars, packaging is absolutely essential. This as their technology grows exponentially. is another key strength of the UK Since the 1980s, the typical road car has motorsport industry. added various features pioneered by the UK motorsport industry, including: Recently the task has become more complex by adding a complete hybrid • turbocharging and intercooling power system. Today’s hybrid system, • four valves per cylinder with variable developed in the UK, is no mere add-on – it valve timing produces similar power to the whole engine • electronic of a Formula 1 car from the early 1960s. Over the next 10 years there will be an increasing move to hybrid powertrains, which will draw on UK expertiseDecember gained from developments4 in world motorsport. on

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Paul Veroude & Mercedes-Benz World © Ahead of the curve 11

Case study

Mercedes Formula 1 World Champions 2014: The domination of the 2014 season by the Brackley- based Mercedes AMG Petronas Formula 1 Team reinforced2020 the UK’s lead in the areas of packaging and systems integration. The team worked with Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth to revolutionise the layout and packaging of Formula 1 engines. By splitting the two components of a turbocharger (the exhaust-driven turbine stays at the rear ‘hot’ end of the engine, and the compressor which forces the air into the cylinder moves to the front ‘cold’ end), the DecemberMercedes F1 W05 Hybrid has three critical advantages. The more 4 efficient compressor helps produce at least 40 brake more than its competitors; the engine is more compact, which enables better on packaging; and the front-mounted compressor is fed by cooler air than conventional rear-mounted units, enabling smaller and therefore better aerodynamics.

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LAT Photographic © December Simulation, telemetry4 and telematicson The need for continuous dissemination and analysis of large amounts of complex data, before, during and after each race, has driven Motorsport Valley’s® world-leading expertise in telemetry and telematic solutions. To streamline this continuous development process, and limit the amount of real-time testing, Motorsport Valley® firms frequently employ advanced simulation techniques.

These skills are vitally important to the Telematics is already coming to road cars. Telemetry is being increasingly taken up road-carWithdrawn industry. Examples include companies by other sports. Numerous America’s which offer reduced premiums to young Cup, Fastnet and record-attempt sailing Simulation is the key to reducing the cost drivers in exchange for the fitment of challengers use Cosworth Electronics’ and time needed to develop new cars. a telematics box, and fleet operators (formerly Pi Research) data acquisition, Already, many race and road cars are tracking the usage, fuel consumption and and image-capture components designed ‘virtually’, going straight from driving characteristics of their users. and software. computer simulation to final testing. The physical development stage is sometimes missed out altogether. Ahead of the curve 13

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December 4 Case studies Cosworth: UK firm Cosworth has applied Wirth Research: Founded in 2003, its motorsport-developed data acquisition UK-based Wirth Research has and onanalysis equipment to environments pioneered advanced virtual engineering ranging from America’s Cup yachts to , allowing complete military vehicles in Afghanistan. simulated vehicle design, development and testing, thereby reducing the need The Cosworth Performance Data for prototyping. Major clients include Recorder (PDR) is available on the 2014 , Performance Corvette. This revolutionary Development, KSS, Lockheed Martin, system combines video, mapping and and Porsche Motorsport, while vehicle telemetry (cornering and braking Wirth’s technology has contributed forces, acceleration etc.) to provide the to victories in the American Le Mans sort of data previously only available to Series, Formula 1, Formula E, IndyCar, professional racing teams. The driver United SportsCar and World Endurance can review their laps via the in-car Championships. The company is infotainment screen or, when combined increasingly exploiting its capability with the Cosworth Toolbox PC software Withdrawn in other sectors, including aerospace, (included in the package), compare their architecture, defence and . lap to an ‘ideal’ reference lap, showing exactly where they are losing time. www.wirthresearch.com

www.cosworth.com 14 Ahead of the curve

From aerospace to pharmaceuticals and beyond: providing solutions across the world 2020 A century of innovation enables Motorsport Valley® companies to develop unique solutions for other sectors:

Aerospace Automotive Defence UK firms such as Forward Composites Car manufacturers are increasinglyDecember Many UK motorsport firms now supply and Xtrac are currently involved in the using Motorsport Valley® companies defence projects working with companies design and development of the world’s to help develop new4 features and gain such as BAE Systems, General Dynamics, largest aircraft – the HAV ‘Airlander’. a competitive advantage. Other forms Lockheed Martin and Thales. Motorsport Many UK motorsport companies have of transport, such as London buses, are engineering consultancy Ricardo, for become suppliers to the aerospace also turning to motorsport solutions example, led the design, development sector, including Cosworth which supplies such ason GKN Hybrid Power’s ‘Gyrodrive’ and manufacture of the UK Ministry components for the Rolls-Royce Trent, technology to increase energy efficiency. of Defence’s cutting-edge ‘Foxhound’ currently the world’s best-selling engine Light Protected Patrol Vehicle. Military There are many examples of automotive for wide-bodied airliners. commanders in Afghanistan described this companies working with the UK motorsport as ‘an enormous leap forward’ in capability. industry to develop high-performance limited editions. Car manufacturers turn to Another notable example is UK prime “The UK’s world- UK motorsport specialists to develop ‘ defence contractor, Supacat, which utilises leading motorsport models’ that will truly burnish their . motorsport capability in a number of Such co-operations include: major defence projects, including its widely industry has helped acclaimed ‘Jackal’ patrol vehicle. The firm • Cosworth: Chevrolet and now employs more than 15 Motorsport create an environment • Delta Motorsport: Jaguar Land Valley® firms in its supply chain. which is at the • M-Sport: Bentley forefront of innovation • Prodrive: Aston Martin and More recently, an entire UK vehicle, Withdrawn• Ricar do: and McLaren the ‘Wildcat 500DKR’ Rally Raid, was in engine technologies • RML Group: transformed from motorsport to a and ultra-low- • Williams Advanced Engineering: specialist military role. This achievement, Jaguar by high-performance all-terrain vehicle emission vehicles.” constructor Wildcat Automotive, is a world Joe Greenwell, CBE first and embodies the synergy between CEO, Automotive Investment Organisation. UK Motorsport and defence. Ahead of the curve 15

Industrial and infrastructure Williams Advanced Engineering is installing flywheel energy storage technology in two remote Scottish island communities to help stabilise their power2020 grids, improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions from non-renewable power sources.

GKN Hybrid Power ©

Marine Cosworth, Ilmor, Nissan and Xtrac collaborated to develop Caudwell Marine’s revolutionary Axis Drive™ marine Decemberpropulsion system – a radical new design boasting zero power-loss from engine to 4 propeller. Cosworth, Prodrive and McLaren have also made technical contributions to current and previous America’s Cup yacht-racing challenges. on

Rolls-Royce plc ©

Medical and pharmaceutical McLaren Applied Technologies has used its expertise for projects ranging from the remote monitoring of patients to the application of pit-stop techniques Withdrawn to reduce times and increase operating- theatre efficiency at London’s Great Ormond Street Hospital. The firm’s recent collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline massively reduced changeover times on production lines, resulting in an increase in production of 6.7m tubes of toothpaste every year.

Crown copyright © 16 Ahead of the curve

A model of public and private-sector co-operation

Both central and local government in the UK support the Motorsport Valley® business community. UK motorsport companies are both technology2020 leaders domestically as well as hugely successful exporters.

The government has worked with the The government’s R&D Tax scheme Now some 30 UK universities, 140 Automotive Council and the Motorsport has significantly increased the global further-education colleges and hundreds Industry Association to set up technology competitiveness of the UK motorsport of schools offer specialised motorsport centres and to expedite the industry. The initiative has a proven track programmes. Combined with successful transfer of technology from motorsport to record in helping Motorsport Valley® small international competitions and educational other sectors. For example, Innovate UK and medium-sized enterprises to maintain initiatives such as the Bloodhound invested £7.6m in developing GKN Hybrid their high level of annual R&D spend, 1000mph World Land Speed Record Power technology into a system that is supporting innovation and developing attempt, F1 in Schools, Greenpower and now being fitted to buses. competitive advantage in the sector. the Institution of Mechanical Engineers’ globally renowned Formula Student Innovate UK’s recent ‘Motorsport Valley December Education and skills competition, UK Motorsport continues Launchpad’ competition awarded £1.14m to inspire thousands of young people in funding to companies across the cluster The UK leads the way4 in motorsport to pursue careers in engineering and to help accelerate the development of education. The Motorsport Industry technology. These programmes provide innovative energy-efficient technologies Association helped to create the world’s first the future talent which will underpin the and their application into adjacent sectors. degree course in Motorsport Engineering continued growth, success and global & Designon in 1998, delivered by University of leadership of the UK’s Motorsport Valley®. Wales Trinity Saint David.

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Formula Student, Institution of Mechanical Engineers © Ahead of the curve 17

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Oxford Brookes, Department of Mechanical Engineering ©

The Automotive Investment Organisation (AIO) – “I’m sure this will be the first of many Unlocking your potential government schemes which will utilise Based within UKTI, the AIO helps firms the world-leading capability of our highly access opportunities in UK automotive innovation and R&D by connecting innovative motorsport sector, support potential customers, partner companies its ongoing development and encourage and academic institutions. It also helps collaboration with other industrial companies access the full range of Withdrawn funding opportunities in the UK, using sectors, so strengthening the UK’s position its unique combination of government as a global centre for energy-efficient staff and private-sector automotive experts. For more information, contact technology development.” the AIO today: Chris Aylett CEO, Motorsport Industry Association. T: +44 (0)20 7333 5442 E: [email protected] 2020

gov.uk/ukti

UKTI UK Trade & Investment is the Government Department that helps UK-based companies succeed in the global economy. We also help overseas companies bring their high-quality investment to the UK’s December dynamic economy acknowledged as Europe’s best place from which to succeed in global business. 4 Disclaimer Whereas every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this document is accurate, neither UK Trade & Investment nor its parent departments (the department for Business, Innovation and Skills, and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office) accept liability for any errors, omissions or misleading statements, and no warrantyon is given or responsibility accepted as to the standing of any individual, firm, company or other organisation mentioned.

© Crown copyright 2015 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: [email protected]. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at www.gov.uk/ukti Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at [email protected]

ProductionWithdrawn The paper in this document is made from 50 per cent recycled waste with 50 per cent pulp from well-managed forests. This is a combination of Totally Chlorine Free and Elemental Chlorine Free. The are -based and contain resins from plants/trees and the laminate on the cover is sustainable, compostable and can be recycled.

Published Jan 2015 by UK Trade & Investment URN UKTI/15/1