228. ALPINE-SUBALPINE ECOTONE, (Tsuga mertensiana), 42, 20, 9, 60; Alaska Black-headed Grosbeak, Evening Grosbeak, RIDGETOP.--Location: Washington; Cedar (Chamaecyparisnootkatensis), 4, 2, 1, Purple Finch, Pine Siskin.--SUSAN K. Whatcam Co.; North Cascades Nat'l Park, 20. Trees by diameter size class:A (3-6 in.) SKAGEN, 419 N. Township, Sedro Woolicy, SourdoughRidge, 8 km by trail NNE of Dia- 144, 69, 7.2, 20; B (6-9 in.) 38, 18, 5.7, 16; C WA 98284, and RICHARD L. KNIGHT, blo; 48ø43'N, 121ø6'30"W; Ross Dam (9-15 in.) 16, 8, 6.4, 18; D (15-21 in.) 10, 5, Nongame Wildlife Program, Wash.Dept. of Quadrangle, USGS. Continuity: New. Size: 9.0, 26; G (33-40 in.) 2, 1, 7.1, 20. Shrub Game, 600 N. Capitol Way, Olympia, WA 32.3 ha = 79.7 acres(irregular, length 2 kin, stems/acre19,700; ground cover 82%; cano- 98504. width 120 m - 250 m, surveyedwith compass py cover 25%; average canopy height 21 ft and rangefinder). Description of Plot: 80% is (range 16-32). In the centerof the studyplot continued from page 62 treeless, extensive rocky (gneiss) out- is a Nat'l Park Service fire lookout, manned croppings with low growing alpine vegeta- during the study period by the first author, 30); Great Crested Flycatcher, 5 (62, 25); tion, primarily Mountain Heather (Phyiio- and visited by 80 hikers using a trail which Blue Jay, 4 (49, 20); Downy Woodpecker, 3 dace empetriformis, Cassiopemertensiana), bisects one-quarter of the study area. Over (37, 15); E. Wood Pewee, 3; Black-capped Dwarf Huckleberry (Vaccinium deliciosum), 80% of the study plot was snow-coveredon Chickadee, 3; Tufted Titmouse, 3; Kentucky Crowfoot (Leutkea pectinata), and Black- July 1. During July numerous snowmelt Warbler, 3; Cardinal, 3; Yellow-billed headed Sedge (Carex nigricans). The domi- creeksand small ponds formed, and by Aug. Cuckoo, 2; Red-bellied Woodpecker, 2; nant canopy trees in the remaining 20% of 14 little snow remained. Edge: Bordered on Brown-headed Cowbird, 2; Summer the plot are SubalpineFir (Abies iasiocarpa). the N and E by treelessrock-heather slopes Tanager, 2; Mourning Dove, 1; Most prominent in the understory is Moun- and steep cliff walls; on the S and W by Chuck-will's-widow, 1; Whip-poor-will, 1; tain Ash (Sorbusspp.). A quantitativesurvey subalpinemeadows and forests.Topography: Hairy Woodpecker, 1; White-breasted Nut- (applying correction, seeAB 34:22, 1980) of Rolling ridgetop, runningNW-SE with slopes hatch, I; Brown Thrasher, 1; Wood Thrush, the forested portion gave the following re- facing all directions.Elevation: 5560-6100 ft. 1; Scarlet Tanager, 1; Rose-breastedGros- sults: Trees 3-in. diameter and over, based on Weather: Variable, clear and sunnyto inter- beak, 1; Red-headed Woodpecker, +; Cam. five 0.1 acre circular samples,208/acre; total mittent fog and rain. Temperatures: 4-17øC, Grackle, +. Total: 24 species;50 territorial basalarea 35.4 ft2/acre.Species comprising winds 1-15 mph. Coverage: July 3, 5-6, 9, males (618/kin2, 250/100 acres). Visitors: 100% of the total number of trees:Subalpine 12-13, 17-20, 24, 27, 31; Aug. 7, 9, 14; Red-Jailed Hawk, Great Horned Owl, Barn Fir, 164, 78, 90, 100; Mountain Hemlock 0530-1130 or 1800-2100, PST. Total hours: Swallow, Cam. Crow, Louisiana Water- 55. Census:Gray-crowned Rosy Finch, 5 (15, thrush, Am. Goldfinch. Remarks: Nests 6); Fox Sparrow, 5; Water Pipit, 4 (12, 5); found: Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Whip-poor- Dark-eyed Junco, 4; White-tailed Ptarmigan, will, Downy Woodpecker, E. Wood Pewee, 3 (9, 4); Hermit Thrush, 3; Blue Grouse, 2; Brown Thrasher, Wood Thrush, Red-eyed Red-breasted Nuthatch, 2; Red-shafted Vireo (3). WONDERBIRDTOURSFlicker, 1; Townsend's Solitaire, 1; Yellow- rumped Warbler, 1. Total: 11 species;31 ter- TRINIDAD Sole rap. of Asa ritorial malesor females(96/kin 2, 39/100 Wright Nature Centre. Includes To- acres). Visitors: Golden Eagle, Am. Kestrel, bago. 26 Tours annually. Band-tailed Pigeon, Pygmy Owl, Black The LastWord SURINAME Seventeen17-day Swift, Rufous Hummingbird, Cam. Raven, Clark's Nutcracker, Mountain Chickadee, tours annually In Gulanan rainforest Chestnut-backed Chickadee, Am. Robin, nature preserves. Cedar Waxwing, Townsend's Warbler ROMANIA Four 14-day tours We think it is time to pay tribute to A.H. annually. Danube Delta, Dobrodgea, BIRDING IN LATIN AMERICA Claugus, of Carey, Ohio, whose Breed- Fagaras Mts. WITH THE UNIVERSITY OF ing Bird Census 105, Disturbed Oak-- OKLAHOMA COSTA RICA Four 15-day Hickory Forest, Pine Stand, Edge and tours annually. Monteverde, La Selva, GUATEMALA December 30, 1980 Las Cruces. --January 12, 1981: ($1015) Pond boaststhe longevity record for all our published studies. This year is its ECUADOR Four 18-day tours COMMA, MEXICO May 22-31, 1981: ($550) 42nd since 1937: only the war year of annually. Qulto, Llmoncocha, Tlna- 1943 was missed.In other years, Clau- landla, Guayaqulle. CHIHUAHUA AND SINALOA, MEX- ICO May 22-June 2, 1981: ($595) gus arranged his army furloughsto allow Fully qualified leaders on all for census work. We were interested in INTERNATIONAL TRAINING tours. Send for information to: A.H. Claugus as a person, and a letter PROGRAMS WONDER BIRD TOURS, 500 Fifth of inquiry wasmet with a fascinatingbut Avenue, Dept. T., New York, 1700 Asp overlong-to-printaccount of the history N.Y. 1O036 Norman, Oklahoma 73037 of the Camp Falling Rock studies,with a Telephone: (405) 325-1941 bit of personal history and the photo- ,•/'•"•-•BcnF½ltncr's Peregrine, inc. Natt,ra]llist,,lydndBirdin•[•,urs ,•... BirdingPEREGRINEand Wildll]epresents its1'ours ****SPRING in traditional198lA.B.A. TOUR areas,SCHEDULE**** 4 toursin bird-richWithgreat Central pride America,weoffer plus9superiorlye 2 all-new innovativenatural history tours. Tourunits will be smallwith no morethan 6-8 participantsper leader. Our new staff is dedicatedto bringingparticipants the optimumbirding and naturalhistory experience available. For maximumenjoyment of man, bird, & beast, join us in the spirit of camaraderieon one of the Following

CO-SPONSOREDBYl•q• A.8.A.: SELECTED CENTRAL AMERICAN TOURS: BEN FELTNER'STEXAS EXTRAVAGANZA (18 April - 5 May) EasternMexico (27 Dec '80 - 11 Jan '8i) A.B.A. AREA FAVORITES: Western Mexico (31 Jan - 9 Feb) Tropical Texasand WhoopingCrane (]9 - 22 March) Collma (10 Feb - 16 Feb) Texas Hill Country (27 - 29 March) Panama (15 Feb - I March) SoutheasternTexas (26 March - 8 April) GENERAL NATURAL HISTORY TOURS: SouthFlorida & Dry 1'ortugas (10 - 16 May) East TexasNature Tour (30 April - 3 May) Point Pelee & Kirtland'sWarbler (9 - 17 May) .... emphesison wildflowers, treest and natural history SoutheastArizona (16 - 24 May) Southern Sea of Co•tez (19 - 26 Jan) Churchill & SouthernManitoba (6 - 14 June) .... emp%aslson pelagic mammalsand birds, 7 day cruise Pacific Norlhwest (7 ~ 20 Juiy) Secretary,PEREGRINE, INC.,P.O.Box 3062,Houston, Texas•001. orphone (713)520-.,•

112 AmericanBirds, January 1981 a counselor at the Camp, his home was always more than 100 miles from his study plot, involving many round trips SOUTH AMERICAN each year. The combined BBC records NATURE TOURS for Ohio, which he is presentlyanalyz- ing, now document 17,000+ pairs of breeding birds categorized for forest

type, densities, areas, species, family I richness, hours, locations, and census- takers. "I was never bitten by a cop- perhead, never fell over a cliff, and only once encounteredreal danger when a ba- by tornado struck the area and felled a 104nch (dbh) pine beside me. Slightly below me several acres of timber were blown down in one tremendous Black-brewed Albatross whoosh." graph herewith included. Briefly, The 1978 photograph shows A.H. BIRDS OF ECUADOR Feb. 3 - 24 "Gus" Claugus, a graduate of Dennison- Claugus preparing distance markers for Jul. 28 - Aug. 18 University with an M.A. degree from census workers for use at another Ohio Ohio State is a retired science teacher. site. Photo/Jeff White. Extraordinary journey to one of the world's finest birding areas. In- Actually, he says, he began taking cludes Limoncocha. Led by Paul Breeding Bird Censusesat the Camp in Greenfield, the foremost expert on 1927, as a seniorin high school.To our Ecuador's 1400 species. suggestionthat soon he would celebrate ANNOUNCE- his 50th publishedcensus he responded BIRDS OF PERU that it "remains for the godsof random MENTS Aug. I - 26 events to determine. Amazon rainforest, desert coast, His censusat the Camp is part of a huge pelagic bird colonies, plus Cuzco and Machu Picchu. Leader: lifetime, intensivestudy of all the fauna Paul Donahue. and flora of the campgrounds;many of Request For Information CMBO his records are rare or first records for Shorebird Color-marking--The Cape GALAPAGOS ISLANDS Ohio. Except for the years Clauguswas May Observatory of the New Jersey Mar., June An in-depth Galapages experience. 2 weeks aboard our comfortable sailing yacht accompanied by ex- pert naturalist guide. Plus several days in Ecuador.

COSTA RICA NATURAL HISTORY Dec. 7 - 21 2 weeks exploring the natural com- RUS;S; MASON'S; munities of this beautiful, varied NATURAL HISTORY TOURS. INC. land. Rainforests, deserts, high- POST OFFICE BOX 2045 lands, 2 coasts, Naturalist guide. KISSIMMEE FLORIDA 32741 1305• e59-7142 PERUVIAN JUNGLE EXPEDITION Aug. 4-21 Dugout canoe journey to the most unspoiled region of the Amazon basin--the Manu National Park. (See Nov. 1979 Audubon article) Extraordinary wildlife including pri- INDIA, SRI LANKA & KATHMANDU March 4 - 29 $3795 from New York mates, mammals and hundreds of bird species. Oneof the mostexciting tours we haveever Offered, planned with the aidof SalimAll, India's mostnoted writer on bird life. Visitin9 the greatsanctuaries at Kanha,Mudumalai, Periyar, ECUADOR NATURE EXPEDITION Wilpattu,Tiger Tops and Bharatput.Group limited to 12. Jul. 22 - Aug. 13 Aug. 13 - Sept. 3 TRINIDAD & TOBAGO Februer• 14 - 27 $1295 from Miami Oct. 28 - Nov. 19 or April 22 - May 4 The Andes, theAmazon plus I week Ournineteenth year of operationof thisalways popular tour. We spenda weekbased at Asa in the Galapages Islands. WrightNature Center with visits to Narivaand Caroni Swamps, Aripo Heights, Oilbird cave, etc. OnTobago we visit Grafton Estate, Litfie Tobago, Hillsbore Dam area and Buccoo Reef. Group limitedto 16. A leisurelytour. ß Small Groups SURINAM March 20 - April 3 $1475 fromMiami ßExpert Leaders

Sincewe livedhere a numberof fine naturereserves have beenestablished, allowing us to visit previouslyinaccessible areas, es Brownsbergand Raleigh Falls as wellas the Savannahand ßWrite forfreecatalog• SOUTH AMERICAN coastalareas. Exceptionalbirding. Strenuous. Group limited to t2. WILDERNESS ADVENTURES, Inc. WRITE FOR COMPLETE USTING FOR 1981 1760-AB Solano Avenue. Berkeley, CA 94707 kl•4•s)s•4-sm ß

Volume 35, Number I 113