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Synthesis Report on the Effects of Dredged Material Disposal on the Marine Environment (Licensing Period 2006-'08)

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Synthesis Report on the Effects of Dredged Material Disposal on the Marine Environment (Licensing Period 2006-'08) Synthesis report on the effects of dredged material disposal on the marine environment (licensing period 2006-'08) Brigitte Lauwaert1, Karen Bekaert2, Miguel Berteloot3, Dirk De Brauwer4, Michael Fettweis1, Hans Hillewaert2, Stefan Hoffman2, Kris Hostens2, Koen Mergaert4, Ine Moulaert2, Koen Parmentier2, Gert Vanhoey2, Johan Verstraeten3 Report by MUMM1, ILVO2, CD3 and aMT4, conform art. 10 of the royal decree of 12 March 2000 defining the procedure for licensing of disposal in the North Sea of certain substances and mate- rials. BL/2008/01 Colofon Synthesis report on the effects of dregded material disposal on the marine environment (licensing period 2006-'08). Brigitte Lauwaert1, Karen Bekaert2, Miguel Berteloot3, Dirk De Brauwer4, Michael Fettweis1, Hans Hillewaert2, Stefan Hoffman2, Kris Hostens2, Koen Mergaert4, Ine Moulaert2, Koen Parmentier2, Gert Vanhoey2, Johan Verstraeten3 1 MUMM – Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Models, Gulledelle 100, 1200 Brussel. 2 ILVO – Unit Animal Sciences – Fisheries, Monitoring section, Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Oostende. 3 aMT – Department Mobility and Public Works, Maritime Access Division, Tavernierkaai 3, 2000 Antwerpen. 4 CD – Coast Division – Agency for Maritime Services and Coast, Vrijhavenstraat 3, 8400 Oostende. Participated in this report: ILVO: Bossaer M., Demaerel B., Goutsmit H., Jacobs L., Van Hoey G., Van Ryckeghem M., Wittoeck J. MUMM: Roose P., Van den Eynde D., Francken F., Backers J., De Blauwe J.P. CODA: Guns M., Van Hoeyweghen P. With thanks to the crew of the R.V. Belgica Contacts: [email protected]; +32(0)2-7732120 [email protected]; +32(0)59-569848 [email protected]; +32(0)3-2220883 Report made according to article 10 of the royal decree of 12th of March 2000 defining the proce- dures for licensing the dumping of certain matters and materials in the North Sea. BL/2008/01 1 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3 2 Dredging and dumping activities ........................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Bathymetric measurements in dumping grounds for dredged materials ............................................... 4 2.2 Dredging Activities ............................................................................................................................. 6 2.3 Dumping Activities ............................................................................................................................. 7 3 Results from MUMM‟s research programme MOMO......................................................................... 14 3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 14 3.2 Development of a 3D numerical model of the Zeebrugge area ......................................................... 14 3.3 Influence of anthropogenic activities on the cohesive sediment distribution ........................................ 15 3.4 SPM transport in the southern North Sea........................................................................................... 16 3.5 Floc dynamics in the Belgian coastal zone ........................................................................................ 22 3.6 Modelling of dumping of dredged matter at Nieuwpoort and Blankenberge ...................................... 30 3.7 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................... 32 4 Scientific programme ILVO-Fisheries ................................................................................................ 33 4.1 General introduction ........................................................................................................................ 33 4.2 Reports ............................................................................................................................................ 33 4.3 Study area ....................................................................................................................................... 35 4.4 Sediment ......................................................................................................................................... 36 4.5 Macrobenthos .................................................................................................................................. 39 4.6 Epibenthos and demersal fish ........................................................................................................... 52 4.7 Fish diseases .................................................................................................................................... 66 4.8 Biological effects of environmental pollutants on fish populations ...................................................... 68 4.9 Chemical contaminants in sediment ................................................................................................. 70 4.10 Chemical contaminants in epibenthic species ................................................................................... 81 5 Monitoring programme 2007 of the dredging areas ......................................................................... 89 5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 89 5.2 Results of the monitoring programme 2007 – Physico-chemical analysis ........................................... 89 5.3 Summary of results ........................................................................................................................... 91 5.4 Final results.................................................................................................................................... 100 6 References ..................................................................................................................................... 105 7 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................. 109 2 1 Introduction To conserve the maritime access channels to the Belgian coastal harbours and to maintain the depth of the Flemish coastal harbours dredging is needed (Flemish competence) in order to guarantee safe maritime transport. A distinction is being made between maintenance and capital dredging. Maintenance dredging is the periodical removal of material, typically sand and silt deposited by na- ture through river flow, tidal currents or wave action in areas previously dredged. Capital dredging is the initial deepening of an area such as a channel, harbour or berthing facility, but can also in- clude excavation of underwater trenches for cables, pipelines, tunnels and other civil engineering works. The total volume of dredged material which can be more or less contaminated is being dumped at sea. The competence for dumping at sea falls under the federal government. Therefore, the management of dredged material in Belgium is a mixed competence. On the 12th of June 1990, a cooperation agreement was signed between the federal government and the Flemish re- gion, amended by the cooperation agreement of the 6th of September 2000. Dumping at sea of dredged material is carried out in accordance with the federal law of 20th Janu- ary 1999 and a permit is given in accordance with the procedure defined in the royal decree of 12th of March 2000. Corresponding to article 10 of this procedure a “synthesis report” has to be estab- lished for the Minister which has the North Sea under his competences. The synthesis report needs to include recommendations which support the development of an enforced environmental manage- ment. The Flemish Government divided her authority into thirteen Policy Councils. By Decree of the Flemish Government of 7th October 2005, it was decided that the Maritime Access Division should become the implementing division within the Department under the Policy Council of the Flemish Minister for Public Works. In the same Decree the Flemish Government decided to install the Agency for Mari- time Services and Coast. The decision was implemented on 1st April 2006. The Maritime Access Division maintains all maritime access channels to the Flemish ports of Oos- tende, Zeebrugge, Gent and Antwerpen. The Coast Division of the Agency for Maritime Services and Coast maintains the Flemish Coastal Marinas of Nieuwpoort, Oostende, Blankenberge and Zee- brugge. The international framework for dumping at sea of dredged material is the (regional) OSPAR Con- vention (1992) and the (worldwide) London Convention (1972) and Protocol (1996). These conven- tions and their associated guidelines take into account the presence of any contaminants within the sediment and whether some alternative beneficial use is possible. In implementing these guidelines, e.g. action levels (sediment quality criteria) have to be defined, dumping sites have to be chosen and a permanent monitoring and research programme has to be carried out. 3 2 Dredging and dumping activities 2.1 Bathymetric measurements in dumping grounds for dredged materials The Flemish Hydrography, a part of the Coastal Division has a program for monitoring activities in dumping grounds for dredged materials off the Belgian Coast. These consist mainly of bathymetric measurements. The study of
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