NOTICE TO READER: When you finish reading this magazine place a I cent stamp on CENTS A COPY. notice, hang same to any postal employee and it will he placed in the hands of our soldiers sober. 1918. Vol. XVI. No. 4 sailors at the front. No wrapping—no address. A. S. BURLESON, Postmaster-General. 76e M11)-PACIFIC MAGAZINE ofAcia/of* ofMe p MEM UNION

of the Interior, 3it inaugurto cot of Col C. 1 Mc- Secretary of the l'att-rtteilie t\ssociatiott. Carthy as Governor of , iind Secretary Lane accepting honorary presitleitc■ •

Edited ID ALEXANDER HUME FORD

HMLTN CLOSED DU 620 ,M5

UNITED STATES AUSTRALASIA HAWAII ORIENT Kelly & Walsh Am. News. Co. Gordon & GOtch Pan-Pacific Union The Pacific Northwest-- The World's New Wonderland

Both, as America's all-year-round vacation and recreation land, as well as the undoubted future seat of the great commercial and shipping center of the Pacific Coast, the vast .Puget Sound country has awakened with a start and is reaching out to every land about the Great Ocean. British Columbia, Oregon and Washington have elapsed-hands -first,'.through their really international Northwest- Tourist Association, which is making this region the great tourist resort for Americans and Pacific people, but now throligh her commercial bodies, which seek to lock hands with all other Pacific commer- cial bodies, this Northwest region reaches out for the commerce of the. Pacific. From the mighty Canadian Frazier River on the North to the equally mighty Columbia on the South, this vast Puget Sound country that in its area contains the scenic wonders of the world, has grasped the fact that she is to become one of the world's greatest commercial empires. Here are being built ships and ship- yards as only Britain built these in times gone by ; these shipyards now springing up to restore the shipping of the world, will not be dismantled, they will create the shipping of the Pacific and firmly establish the position of the mighty North- west in the commerce of our greatest of oceans, a commerce that is to not only astonish the world beyond, but even the very leaders of the two-thirds of the world's population that live and thrive in Pacific lands. The future theatre of the world's commerce is the Pacific. The curtain is about to be raised on the world's new commercial drama ; the first act may well be con- ceived to lay in the Puget Sound land where the great and growing cities of Victoria, Vancouver, Seattle, Tacoma and Portland strive in friendly rivalry, for the commerce and the shipping that is more than enough to crowd their every dock and even demand the creation of great new cities that we dream not of today, but that will become realities of tomorrow, perhaps to spring up as if by magic as did the shipbuilding of the Puget Sound country. A new commercial era has dawned in the Northwest, largely of her own creating. New ambitions pulse in the land, and already Seattle has become the lead- ing shipping port on the entire Pacific Coast of North and South America ; new men and enterprises are pouring into the wonderful invigorating Northwest. ..No longer do Seattle and her sister cities depend upon the trade of Alaska for their prosperity. The commerce of the Pacific•becomes their heritage, and the moun- tains. rivers and fjords of the Northwest are now looked upon as the tempting vacation ground of the whole world. In , at the Cross-roads of the Pacific, the Pan-Pacific Union and the Hawaii Promotion Committee gladly welcome those passing through with information about this Northwest country, but for detailed information it is best to write Herbert Cuthbert, Secretary of the Pacific Northwest Tourist Associ- ation, L. C. Smith Building, Seattle, Wash, U. S. A. 0.11 ateb_p ..ur r ~trtfr mat CONDUCTED BY ALEXANDER HUME FORD Vol. XVI. No. 4.

CONTENTS FOR OCTOBER, 1918.

Art Section - - - - - - - - 302 A Pan-Pacific Declaration of Independence - - - 317 Declaration of Independence in Pacific Tongues - - 319 Joseph Platt Cooke—Father of the Pan-Pacific - - - 325 "Our Hawaii" - - - - - - - - 327 By Mrs. Jack London. Pan-Pacific Questionnaire—Balboa Day - - - - 331 The Story of the Chinese Revolution - - - - 333 By Leon Waddell. The American Red Cross - - - - - - 337 By Franklin Adams. Capitalizing Scenery - - - - - - - 341 By Nathan A. Bowers. Americanizing the Japanese in Hawaii - - - - 345 By Consul-General Moroi. Possibilities of the Philippines - - - - 349 By Frank C. Atherton. Australia's Island State - - - - - - - 355 By Frank Carpenter. On the Line in the Galapagos - - - - - 359 and the Missionaries - - - - - - 36' By J. M. Lydgate. The Australian Bound Imigrant - - - - - 367 By Fred C. Covers. Some Latin American Cathedrals - - - - 373 By P. A. Usted. Hamakua, Home of Gods and Ghosts - - - - 377 By Jean West Maury. The Tragedy of Tarawera - - - - - - 383 By H. A. Parmelee. The Mountains of - - - - - - 387 By D. D. Baldwin. The Fauna of the Malayan Archipelago - - - - 390 A True Geisha - - - - - - - - 393 By S. Sheba. An International Chamber of Commerce (Editorial) - - 396

Olire I I: th-llarifir f i: nazi-tie Published by ALEXANDER HUME FORD, Honolulu, T. H. Printed by the Honolulu Star-Bulletin, Ltd. Yearly subscriptions in the United States and possessions, $2.00 in advance. Canada and Mexico, $2.50. For all foreign countries, $3.00. Single copies, 25c. Entered as second-class matter at the Honolulu Postoffice.

Permission is given to republish articles from the Mid-Pacific Magazine. AVIi /4 4

(t) Seen from Nuuanu Pali : Jack London, Lorrin A. Thurston, J P. Cooke (2) The Sudden Vision. (3) The Mirrored Mountains. (Painting by Hitchcock.)

The three men in the upper picture were founders of the Pan- Pacific Movement. Mrs. London in this number of the Mid- Pacific Magazine tells the story of the first meeting. HI

(f) Hana. (2) The Red Ruin of Haleakala. (3) Von and Kakina

These are some snap-shots made by the late Jack London during his trip around the island of Maui. (t) Damon Gardens, Honolulu. (2) "And then Martin must snap us." Jack London and his wife are seen here at Pearl Harbor, their first home in Hawaii, some ten years ago. (1) Halemaumau, Kilauea, 1907. (2) Jack in Kilauea. (3) Bedecked with Leis. (4) Halemaumau, 1917.

Mr. and Mrs. London in 1907 completely toured the Big Island of Hawaii, snapping pictures and gathering data for Mrs. London's book, "Our Hawaii." (I) Waikiki, 1915: Mr. and Mrs. London (Center); Mr. A. H. Ford (Right). (2) A Fragment of Paradise — Coconut Island, Hilo. (3) Jack. (4) Rain- bow Falls, Hawaii.

The name of Jack London will forever be associated with Waikiki, here he wrote his South Sea tales and his last books. '1111111! 1111111111111111111111111111

(1) Landing at Kalaupapa, roo7. (2) The Forbidden Pali Trail, rgo7• (3) Coast of — Federal Leprosarium on shore. (4) Jack in the Leper Settlement, rgo7. (5) Father Damien's Grave, 19o7.

No one ever wrote a more faithful account of Molokai than did Jack London, he saw how the hopeless were made happy and told of it, 15TIAN lL“NDT AkC [ET

In California Louis Christian Mullgardt has studied the blending of architecture with nature, and in this way he is creating an architecture of the Pacific; he was one of the de- signers of the buildings o t the San Francisco Exposition. Louis Christian Mullgardt, lover of Nature, designs great structures, and in Yosemite studies the designs of Nature. am=0 7S :==olacommIco:=1:E=av ol

The old Mission style of architecture is essentially Californian; it is a I heritage of the early religious orders from Spain. In Japan the temple grounds are the parks of the people, and temple-going is a pleasure and delight. 041/$7.7411 - / Everywhere in Japan Ar t, Architecutre and Nature blend; itis the land where beau ty reigns supreme. Mount St. Helens and Forsyth Glacier as it looked to the "Mazamas" while making the ascent. EliotGla cier and the Mazama outing party making the ascent to the skyline ridge.

The Declaration of Independance Read in Ike longues of Ike Pacific al Honolulu, July 01918. Al the packing of the of the Pacific Nations sent to the President of the United Slates by the Pan-Pacific Union kt1,112i1.

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/0•7117Ze: e3?7e.-, ero-,',6z/e,e; /.5,6eP • 11.r 410- art&• fliagattur CONDUCTED BY ALEXANDER HUME FORD

Volume XVI. OCTOBER, 1918. Number 4.

A Pan-Pacific Declaration of Independence

With the Fourth of July suggestion from Australia that there be inaugu- rated a Monroe Doctrine of the Pacific; the reading of the Declaration of In- dependence at the Cross-roads of the Great Ocean, by men of many Pacific races,. was not an inoportune or inappropriate celebration of the Glorious Fourth, for a Monroe Doctrine applied to the Pacific should and must have the cooperation and support of every Pacific race if it is to be effective.

Q DOTING from the press of the respective flags they were placed in the day, we are informed that in large box before the readers of the Dec- Honolulu on the Fourth of July laration, and in this they will go directly the Declaration of Independence was to the President. read in twelve tongues of the Pacific at With the -covered building as a Arcadia, the home of Ex-Gov. Frear, background those of every Pacific race who for ten years headed the Pan-Pacific gathered at Arcadia, there were Fili- Union, and at the same time at a mon- pino women in the costuming of every ster meeting in Sydney presided over province of the Philippines ; Chinese by Lord Mayor Joynton Smith, the Aus- children in royal raiment ; Japanese, Ko- tralian Pan-Pacific Club was listening to rean, Hawaiian, South American, Portu- the declaration that America has given guese, Spanish, Australians, New Zea- to the world for its own. landers, Canadians and Americans of Never before was the beautiful colon- every kind. There was a Filipino or- ial home of the Frear's so decorated chestra and the Royal Hawaiian Band with flags, the front of the building and to render the airs of all Pacific lands. the lanaies were almost hidden behind Lorrin Andrews spoke of the splendid the fifty silk banners of Pacific lands significance of the gathering together of that are to go to the head of the Pan- all races of the Pacific to listen to and Pacific Union, President Woodrow Wil- read in their own tongues the Declara- son. As the Declaration of Indepen- tion of Independence, which had now be- dence was read in the different tongues come their declaration and charter of men and maids of Pacific lands in salvation. Judge Horace M. Vaughan national costume came forward and as then spoke briefly and led in the read- the girl and boy scouts lowered their ing of the Declaration.

317 The Declaration of Independence

When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with one another, and to assume among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the con- sent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes des- tructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its principles and organizing its powers in such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Pru- dence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes ; and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the form to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty; to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in Gen- eral Congress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do in the name, and by the authority of the good people of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Col- onies are. and of right ought to be, free and independent states, and that as free and independent states, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which inde- pendent states may of right do. And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor.

318 Declaration of Independence Read In Eleven Pacific Tongues ON JULY 4th IN HONOLULU, HAWAII.

Perhaps for the first time in history was JAVA DUTCH the Declaration of Independence read in Mrs. L. F. Leo tongues other than American. At the Pan- dus alle ondervinding heeft beproeven, dat Pacific celebration of the Fourth the Dec- zoo lang ongerechtigheid bestaat, mensch- laration was read in Japanese, Chinese, dom zult liever lijden dan om zichzelven te Korean, Filipino, Java Dutch, Portuguese, rechten door de vernietigen hunne gewoond- Russian, Hawaiian, Spanish and Maori. The heden. reading was led by Judge Horace Vaughan in English, with each following paragraph PORTUGUESE read in another language as follows: Margaret Branco AMERICAN Mas quando um longo curso de abuso e By Judge Vaughan usurpacao, proseguindo invariavelmente o When in the course of human events it mesmo fim, demostra um projecto de redu- becomes necessary for one people to dis- zir-lhee debaixo de um despotismo absoluto. solve the political bonds which have con- RUSSIAN nected them with one another, and to as- sume among the powers of the earth the Irene Campbell separate and equal station to which the Eta eh pravo eta eh doll svermoot takoe laws of nature and of nature's God entitle pravlenie i verbat nove po-krovetelei gliar them, a decent respect to the opinions of eh buduschei obezperenostie. mankind requires that they should beclare the causes which impel them to separation. HAWAIIAN John Lane JAPANESE Nolaila a makou o na Wahaolelo ona By T. Katsunuma Mokuaina i Huipuia o Amerika, e nohoana Warerawa sano shinrio jimei nari to Holt() oka Ahaolelo Laula ke uwalo aku nei shinzu, i waku, subeteno hitowa umaren- ika Lunakanawai Pookela o ke Ao no ka agarani shite byoto nari, iwaku, subetteno hooponopono ana i ko makou mau manao hitowa zobutsushu yori uboubekarazaru ken- hana ae hooko ia ma ka Inoa a ma ka rio fuyoseraru, iwaku kono kenri to yuwa, Mana Aupuni o ka poe kaulike o keia mau seimei jiyu, kofuku no yoria nari. Aina i Hui ia. Me ka walohia ke hoolaha a CHINESE ke kuahaua ia aku nei. S. K. Lau SPANISH Yum mun chu chuck jing hoo, sau yi ning luck, see hung suck dong chee wai kin, goo D. Mardinodo jing hoo dong yi mun Yee wai ye gwai, moo Que estas unidas Colonias son, y en dere- lun ho Jung jing hoo, gow you hui charn cho deben ser, estados libres e indepen- yun mun so talk chee ming chay yun mun dientes. duck he yi koy guck chee wark fai chit MAORI (New Zealand) chee. C. F. Maxwell KOREAN A, irunga i te tikanga he iwi rangitara J. Pahk ratou, ka taea e ratou te kii whawhai, te Sai chungpoo enil chochek haya wai punp whakamau rongo hoki, te whakahoa mai ki yool enil jai chung hake wa konree enil etahi atu iwi, me te whakatakoto ritenga goon chung hakea moosam pong myum en- hokohoko taonga ma ratou, a kia mahia iro denge ja eni anthem qua anlake eni ka- katoatia era atu mea kua tika kia whaka- chang you ik hatorck hung halgare. haerea e te hungaJ rangatira. FILIPINO N. C. Dizon AUSTRALIA AND ALLIES Tunay na ang sariling bait ng isang tauo F. Harrison ay magsasahi na ang mga pamahalaag na And for the support of this Declaration, natatag sa malaong panahon ay hindi dapat with a firm reliance on the protection of mapalitan sa pamamagitan ng mga kadai- divine providence, we mutually pledge to lang hualang tunay na halaga at lilipas sa each other our lives, our fortunes, and our isang sandali. sacred honor. 319 320 THE MID-PACIFIC

A Portuguese maid, in her turn, reading, a paragraph of the Declaration of Independence.

For presentation to the President of the Emporer Suiko. The Imperial en- the United States the Japanese de- sign had existed in one form or another signed a banner which they will here- from remote times, the different ages after use at all Pan-Pacific gatherings of adopting different designs. It was usu- Japanese people, as it represents the ally in the better form, and quite long. Japanese in every part of the Great The form most commanly used consisted Ocean, it is their Pan-Pacific emblem. of two long banners with the sun and Writing of the Japanese emblem, Dr. the moon, the length being thirteen feet I. Mori, speaking for his people, ex- and the material brocade. The banners plains : hung from a cross-bar on a pole. "The present flag of Japan, like those "The rising sun as a representation on of other nations, is an evolution from flags is very old in Japan, having been symbols of former times. Flags have used in various ways from time immem- been used indeed from the dawn of his- orial. The design of a red sun on a tory. Tradition coming down from even white background had a natural attrac- mythological times makes mention of tion for the Japanese ; it is so simple and flags and banners used on ceremonial expressive. In ancient times Japan was ocassions as well as in times of war. supposed to be the land nearest to where The symbols on such flags were various. the sun rises ; it was the 'sun-birth coun- Some were adorned with the disc of the try, and so the Chinese called it. And sun, others with that of the moon, and when the Yamato came to these islands others again had representations of birds they were wont to call themselves the on them. We are told that on New people of the sunrise land. In fact, the Year's Day, 603 A. D., flags were used sun was an object of worship. The name in decorating the Imperial Palace of `Nippon' means sun-source ; the land of THE MID-PACIFIC 321

Children of all Pacific races taking part in the Fourth of July celebration. the people born of the sun. There is Japan proper. The familiar colors of nothing strange, therefore, in the Jap- the American flag, the red, white and the anese having adopted the sun as their blue, are thus reproduced on this ban- flag symbol. The flag of the rising sun ner." came into use as the flag of the whole The Filipinos presented their flag, to nation in the later Takugawa days. be consecrated by the reading of the When Japan came into contact with for- Declaration of Independence over its eign nations some national emblem was folds, and the following is the explana- found necessary for ships, and the rising tion of its significance as explained by sun flag was so used. It was not, how- N. C. Dizon. ever, adopted as the national flag until after the visit of Commodore Perry. The Like the "Stars and Stripes" the Fili- Shogun in 1863 first made use of it, but pino flag was conceived at the time of was limited to ships only; and then in bloodshed, when love for one's country 1870 it was formally adopted as the is measured by the amount of blood national flag of Japan. Since then it has poured out. This was after the year 1896 continued and still continues to float most when Dr. Jose Rizal was shot in the open proudly over her progress and prosperity. field of Ragongbayan, and when the Kati- punan Society was founded by Andres "This flag specially designed for the Bonifacio and his associates to oppose the present occasion is in banner form adopt- tyranny of the Spanish government in the ing the ancient banner and ten feet long. Philippines by force, since the peace Near the top of it is a red disk of the means was of no avail. sun on the white background ; and above the red disc are three blue stripes which In the explanation of the flag the noble represent the three principal islands of aspiration of the Filipino leaders of the 322 THE MID-PACIFIC

**MI 0111111b 511

Secretary of the Interior Franklin K. Lane and Gov. McCarthy receiving the flags of the Pacific to be transmitted to President Wilson. revolution for the liberty of their country Spanish Government and the tyranny and will be seen. inquisition of the Roman Church from the The flag should be hung with the blue Philippine Islands. color up, as this, according to the found- The following speech delivered by Say ers of the Katipunan Society, represents Kan Lou, official Chinese Interpreter of the sky of the heavens which can be the First Circuit Court of Hawaii, to reached only through the spilling of blood Hon. Franklin K. Lane, Secretary of the to the ground. The red color below Interior of the United States of America, stands for the blood that must be poured. when, on June 22nd, 1918, the Chinese The white typifies purity, showing that emblem was presented, explains the sig- the aim of the Filipino revolutionists is nificance of the service flag that goes to high, noble and just. the President: The three stars portray the three main "The American-Chinese Federation in divisions of the Philippines—Luzon, the Hawaii respectfully request you to pre- Visayas and Mindanao, just as each star sent this service flag to President Wilson in the American flag stands for each state as a sincere token of their loyalty to in the Union. the United States. The sun in the middle signifies liberty, The 50o Chinese-Americans represent- the shining of which ushers in a new era ed by the stars in this flag are all willing for the country. As the coming of the to give up their property and even their sun to earth dispels all darkness and lives to fight this war to a victorious con- gloom so" does the coming of liberty, clusion. They resolve, come weal or woe, through the shedding of blood, drives that they will now and forever stand by away the injustice and oppression of the the Stars and Stripes, emblem of liberty, THE MID-PACIFIC 323 equality and fraternity for all mankind, modern flag of Korea is the evolution of that luminous symbol of resistless bene- these ancient symbols." ficent power that will lead them to vic- The silken flag of Hawaii, upon which tory and immortal freedom. were laid all other flags of the Pacific, to When President Wilson looks upon this be covered by the starry banner presented emblem, it is the hope of the Chinese com- by the Sons and Daughters of the Ameri- munity here in Hawaii that it will remind can Revolution, was made from the silk him of their stand for liberty and their that went into the flag worked by the close co-operation with the aim and pur- late ex-Queen Liliuokalani, presented by poses of the United States." her to the Pan-Pacific Union at Iolani The Koreans in Hawaii designed that Palace, on Balboa Day, Sept. 17th, 1915. emblem from the ancient flag of Chosan, The banner was presented by ex-Mayor Dr. Syngman Rhee, Korean leader in of Honolulu, John Lane, a Hawaiian Hawaii and a graduate of Princeton, noble. writes : It may be said that the flags of the "The following is the meaning of the Pacific now on their way to President Korean Palquei flag : These emblems Wilson were consecrated on the Fourth found in ancient classics represents the of July as the Declaration of Independ- heaven and the earth. The ancient rulers ence was read over them, and now go to of Korea adopted these for a royal banner the President of the United States as which always stood before the throne hall tokens of fealty of all Pacific races and or marched in front of the royal chair peoples to the doctrine Woodrow Wilson in the time of the King's procession. The has promulgated of a World Democracy.

Where all Pacific races mingle, in Hawaii. 324 THE MID-PACIFIC

THE LATE JOSEPH PLATT COOKE Trustee of the Pan-Pacific Union and one of its founders. THE MID-PACIFIC 325

Joseph Platt Cooke

The recognized head of the Cooke N July 26th, one who might well family in Hawaii is Joseph Platt Cooke, 0 be called the father of the Pan- who not yet forty years of age is the Pacific Movement, passed away in Hono- head and manager of the largest Amer- lulu, at the cross-roads of the Great ican firm in the islands, Alexander & Ocean. Baldwin. • This firm succeeded to the After more than ten years of faithful sugar estates of Claus Spreckels, the co-operation with his fellow directors in sugar king, and vastly enlarged them. the creation and direction of the Pan- It has been under the leadership of its Pacific Union, Joseph Platt Cooke was founder, H. P. Baldwin, and under his called by death at the still active age successor and son-in-law, J. P. Cooke, of forty-seven. the aggressively progressive factor in It was on the broad veranda of the Americanizing the islands. Honolulu home of J. P. Cooke that the J. P. Cooke was educated as a boy in Hands around the Pacific movement was Hawaii and, as is usual with the male first discussed early in 1907, and imme- members of his family, passed through diately thereafter at a lunch with the then Yale. , "Walter F. Frear, In writing his series of articles on the organization that is now the Pan- Hawaii for the American Magazine, Ray Pacific Union, was born. Stannard Baker held up Mr. Cooke as When three years ago declining health the leading financier and political gen- compelled Mr. Cooke to withdraw from eral in Hawaii. He also spoke of him as all outside directorates he made an ex- the leading American in Hawaii desir- ception of the Pan-Pacific Union, assist- ous of more thoroughly Americanizing ing in its incorporation, maintenance and the islands. This desire on the part of conduct until his death. The June, 1912, Mid Pacific Magazine the Hawaiian financier is true to an ex- contained a brief biography of J. P. tent that few even in Hawaii realize. Cooke, "A Son of Hawaii." He was then, On the great sugar estate whose des- as he remained to the end of his career, tinies he controls hundreds of acres un- Hawaii's leading citizen. der his direction have been cut up into We quote briefly : homesteads and inducements put forth 326 THE MID-PACIFIC

to tempt the American to occupy them, friendly, political and business working and with success. force for joint friendly work in making Perhaps no man in Hawaii anywhere the advantages of Pacific lands known to nearly exerts the quiet influence for good all the world, J. P. Cooke gave hearty that emanates from the head of the firm assurances of his support. He was the of Alexander & Baldwin. J. P. Cooke, first to do so, and Governor Frear of perhaps least of all men, fully realizes the Hawaii the second. These two men power for good that he wields, conscious- have never since wavered for a moment ly or unconsciously, in the community. in their loyalty to the plan that has grown, largely through their influence If a new philanthropic organization is and backing, until today it embraces all to be launched, the first question asked the nations and races of the Pacific in a by the man on the street who is ap- friendly grasp. proached with the subscription list, is : "What does J. P. Cooke think of it ?" The Hands-Around-the-Pacific Move- If it is a business venture, the question ment was first discussed in the home of is usually asked : "Is J. P. in it ?" J. P. Cooke, and there is was born. To- day its leaders and officers are Governors, The watchword of this leader is liber- Premiers and Presidents of the lands ality and loyalty. Once he has proven about the Great Ocean. his lieutenants, he trusts them to the In keeping with the modest life of this limit, and they work with him as only a truly great man his interment was unos- trusted leader can inspire work for some tentatious, only the members of the fam- noble cause. His activities do not cease ily following the urn bearing his ashes, with Hawaii ; they are felt in the farther- which his young son Henry laid in its most parts of the Pacific. resting place. His elder son, Joseph Platt When the matter of bringing the peo- Cooke, a volunteer in France, is a member ple of the Pacific together in a solid of the aviation service. Charmian Kittredge London at the wheel of the "Snark."

"OUR HAWAII" And the Pan-Pacific Propaganda CHARMIAN KITTREDGE LONDON (Mrs. Jack London)

Charmion Kittredge London has pub- itor of this magazine in Hawaii, was the lished the dairy of her life in Hawaii and invitation of J. P. Cooke to make up an that of her husband, Jack London. It is automobile party for a trip as his guests, a book of several hundred fascinating around the island of . Mrs. London, pages, with many illustrations, brought her husband and Lorin A. Thurston were out by the Macmilllan Company. those selected as the guests and close, . In quoting from "Our Hawaii" at this lifelong friendships were cemented in the time the editor will be forgiven if he se- two or three days that the journey lasted. lects those paragraphs that deal with the On that outing was formed the real Pan Pacific movement, for this movement neucleus of the Pan Pacific. movement. was born during Jack London's first stay If the editor's name seems too fre- in Hawaii, and with Jack London and Jo- quently and conspicuously mentioned in seph Platt Cooke, the birth of the Pan this and other articles in the Mid Pacific Pacific Union is closely identified ; they have both passed away. Magazine, the readers are asked to be The first courtesy extended to the ed- lenient. In the course of events he, too,

327 328 THE MID-PACIFIC

must leave the work for others to carry up. "Address the University Club next on. week !" Let us hear what Mr. and Mrs. Lon- "Sure I will, and glad to, though you don had to say about the Pan Pacific know how I despise public speaking." work: And Jack kept his promise, while Mr. "Back at Waikiki, the spreading Ford was presently off on his mission to bungalow seemed home indeed, with our Australasia. own servants, always adoring of Jack, On the day of our return from Cali- smiling welcome from the wide . fornia to Honolulu in 1915, while help- "Almost do we feel ourselves Kamaa- ing us find a house at Waikiki, Mr. Ma, Mate Woman," he would say, arm Ford recounted the growing of his ven- about my shoulders, while we welcomed ture, which he declared needed only or sped Honolulu guests, or watched, Jack's further co-operation to carry it beyond the Tyrian dyes of the reef, through to success. Weekly dinners smoke of steamers that brought to us were giveit by Ford in the lanai of the visitors from the Coast. "Only, never Outrigger Club, at which on occasion forget—it is not for us to say." there were present a score of the lead- One thing that earned Jack London ing Hawaiians, or Chinese, or Japanese, his kamaainaship was his activity for Koreans, Filipinos, or Portuguese, to ex- the Pan-Pacific Club. Under the alga- change ideas with the leading white robas at Pearl Harbor, in 1907, one day men who were behind the movement. he and Mr. Ford had discussed social- The speeches and discussions were of ism—upon Ford's initiative. "Well," vital interest, all bent toward bringing the latter concluded, "I can't 'see' your about a working in unison for the mu- socialism. My idea is, to find out what tual benefit of Pacific nations. people want first, help them to it. then Out of these affairs sprang up inter- make them do what you wish them to do ; esting friendships between ourselves and and if it is right, they will do it—if you these foreigners and their families, re- keep right after them ! . . . Now, I'm soon sulting in social functions in our respec- leaving for Australia and around the tive homes and at the foreign clubs, and Pacific at my own expense, to see if there also at the Japanese theatres. Would is a way to get the peoples to work to- that all the international differences of gether for one another and for the Pa- the Union might be handled as har- cific." moniously as they are in Hawaii. • Dur- "That's socialism—look out!" Jack ing our last sojourn in Honolulu, more contentedly blew rings into the still air. than one Japanese father assured us : "I don't care if it is," retorted his "My sons were born under your flag. friend. "That won't stop me. Walter I should expect them to fight under your Frear has just been appointed Governor flag if need arose." of Hawaii, and I've interested him, and One evening, at the Outrigger Club, carry an official letter with me. Ha- Jack spoke the Pan-Pacific doctrine of waii, with her mixture of Pacific races, Friend Ford before the Congressional yet with no race problems, should be the visitors and three hundred representa- country to take the lead. I'm going to tives of the various nationalities in Ha- call a Pan-Pacific Convention here." waii, all of whom responded enthusias- "Go to it, Ford, and I'll help all I can." tically through their orators. Jack approved. The Pan-Pacific Club grows apace, "All right, then," Ford snapped him with headquarters at the University Club THE MID-PACIFIC 329

At the Outrigger Club, where Jack London first wrote in Hawaii. in Honolulu, in the room where Jack tinues around the entire shore-line, the first fulfilled his pledge to speak on the automobile drive cutting across a table- subject. In this room, on Balboa Day, land midway of the island. 1917, Finn Haakon Frolich's splendid The two machines carried ten of us, bust of Jack London, modeled on the including the drivers, two young fellows Ranch in 1915, was unveiled ; while at who, it was plain to see, hung upon Waikiki, beneath the date-palm that every word of Jack—oyster pirate, marks the site of the brown tent-house, tramp, war correspondent, and what not. a Jack London Memorial drinking foun- The party was composed of men whom tain, is to be erected. Mr. Ford wanted Jack to know, repre- In San Francisco, Alexander Hume senting the best of Hawaii's white citi- Ford has under way the project for a zenship. There was Mr. Joseph P. great skyscraper to be called the Pan- Cooke, dominating figure of Alexander Pacific Building, with headquarters & Baldwin, which firm is the leading therein for this club the name of which financial force of the Islands (it was Mr. , is now ringing around the Pacific Ocean. Cooke's missionary grandparents, the • And while he, Mr. Ford, is the discov- Amos P. Cookes, who founded and for erer of this New Pacific, humbly he in- many years conducted what was known sists that without Jack London it would as the "Chiefs' School," afterward called have been a longer, stronger pull to the "Royal School," which was patron- bring about the present situation." ized by all of the higher chiefs and their And now for the reminescences of families) ; Mr. Lorrin A. Thurston, de- those first days in Hawaii, when friend- scended from the first missionaries, and ships were formed that shall last for- associated conspicuously with the af- ever. fairs of Hawaii, both monarchical and Waikiki, Friday, June 28, 1907. republican—and incidentally owner of To Mr. Ford we owe a new debt of the morning paper of Honolulu ; and gratitude. And so does Hawaii, for Senor A. de Souza Canovarro, Portu- such another promoter never existed. All guese Consul, an able man who has lived he does is for Hawaii, desiring nothing here twenty years and whose brain is for himself except the feverish, unre- shelved with Islands lore. mitting pleasure of sharing the attrac- Four miles fro mthe end of the car- tions of his adopted land. The past two track, quite unexpectedly to me, sudden- days have been spent encircling Oahu, ly the machine emerged from a narrow or partly so, since only the railroad con- defile upon a platform hewn out of the 330 THE MID-PACIFIC

rocky earth, and my senses were mo- Leaving Haleiwa next morning, we mentarily stunned, for it seemed that the deserted the seashore for. very different island had broken off, fallen away be- country. For a while the motor ascend- neath our feet to the east. On foot, ed steadily toward the southwest, on a pressing against a wall of wind that eter- fine red road—so red that on ahead the nally drafts through the gap, the thread- very atmosphere was roseate. Looking ing among a dozen small pack mules back as we climbed, many a lovely surf- resting on the way to Honolulu, we picture rewarded the quest of our eyes, gained the railed brink of the Pali. I white breakers ruffling the creamy looked down a thousand feet into an beaches, with a sea bluer than the deep emerald abyss over the awful pitch of blue sky. which Kamehameha a century ago At an elevation of about eight hun- forced the warriors of the King of Oahu, dred feet one strikes the rolling green Kalapikupule—a "legion of the lost prairieland of the "Plains," where the lost ones" whose shining skulls became ocean is visible northwest and southeast, souvenirs for strong climbers in suc- on both sides of the island. Such a won- ceeding generations. Some one pointed derful plateau, between mountain-walls, to a ferny, bowery spot far below, where swept by the freshening northeast trade Prince Cupid once kept a hunting cabin ; —miles upon miles of rich grazing, and but there was now neither trace of it nor hill upon hill ruled with blue-green lines of any trail penetrating the dense jungle. of pineapple growth. At one pineapple Several miles farther, we came to the plantation we stopped that Jack might Reform School, where the erring youth take a look around at the fabulously of Oahu are guided in the way they promising industry. Mr. Kellogg, the should go, by Mr. Gibson, a keen-faced, manager, gave an interesting demonstra- wiry man, who has made splendid show- tion of how simple is the cultivation of ing with the boys, these being largely the lucious "pines," and held stoutly of the native stock. There was not a that a woman, unaided, could earn a criminal face among them, and probably good Jiving out of a moderate patch. the majority are detained for tempera- "So you see, my dear," Jack advised mental laxness of one sort or another. me, "when I can't write any longer, you Emotional they are, and easily led, and can keep both of us at Wahiawa !" inordinately fond of games of chance— Something went wrong with Mr. but dishonest never. A small sugar plan- Cook's machine, and he was obliged to tation is carried on in connection with telephone from Wahiawa to Honolulu the school, which is worked by the boys. for some fixtures. Think of this old Our last lap was from the Reform savage isle in the middle of the Pacific School to Waialua, which lies at the sea Ocean, where, from its high interior, one edge of the Waialua Plantation. Halei- may talk, over a wire to a modern city, wa means "House Beautiful," and is pro- for modern parts of a "horseless car- nounced Hah-lay-e-vah. riage," to be sent by steam over a steel House and grounds are very attrac- track ! It is stimulating once in a day to tive, broad lawns sloping to an estuary ponder the age in which we live. just inside the beach, and in this river- And on one of these ridges near Wa- like bit of water picturesque fishing hiawa, not so long ago, there preyed a boats and canoes lie at anchor. A span sure-enough ogre, a robber-chief whose of rustic Japanese bridge leads to the habit it was to lie in wait in a narrow bath-houses, and here we went for a pass, and pounce upon his victims, whom swim before dinner. he slew on a large, flat rock."

Balboa, or Pan-Pacific Day in Hawaii

The Pan-Pacific Questionnaire BALBOA DAY e'e What is Balboa Day, and when does 1917, held its first annual Pan-Pacific it occur? banquet at which some five hundred men Balboa, or Pan-Pacific Day, occurs on of all races of the Pacific resident in the 17th of September ; it was so named San Francisco gathered together and by the late Ex-Queen Liliuokalani of organized a local Pan-Pacific Club, Hawaii. It commemorates the discov- which is pledged to hold annual ban- ery of the Pacific by Vasco Nunez de quet gatherings on Balboa Day. Balboa in 1513. Balboa Day was first observed in 1915 at the old Royal Pal- Are other cities taking up the obser- ace in Honolulu, to the throne in which vance of Balboa Day? the Ex-Queen of Hawaii returned for Yes, cities in Australia, China and the first time in 23 years, on this oc- Japan, where there are local Pan-Pacific casion to receive for the Pan-Pacific organizations, now observe Balboa Day Union the flags of all Pacific nations by gathering those in these cities from in token of their desire for an era of better understanding and closer co- other Pacific lands about the banquet operation. board to freely discuss the best meth- Has the idea of observing Balboa, ods of bringing about international or Pan-Pacific Day grown? good-will and cooperation among the Yes. San Francisco on Sept. 17th, peoples of the Pacific. 331 332 THE MID-I- ACIFIC

Is Balboa Day observed in Washing- the ocean, are held weekly Pan-Pacific ton, the national capital of the United luncheons, and often the speakers at States? these are world leaders from the sev- Yes. It was scheduled that on Bal- eral Pacific lands. On these occasions aoa Day of this year in Washington, views are exchanged, Honolulu at the D. C., that the flags of all nations of cross-roads, lending itself splendidly .to the Pacific, over which, at the cross- the interchange of ideas among Pacific roads of the ocean, on July the Fourth leaders who meet, often inadvertently the Declaration of Independence had although gladly, in Honolulu while their been read in the tongues of the Pacific, steamers are in port. should be presented to President Wilson What in brief is the biography of by Secretary of the Interior Franklin Balboa ? K. Lane, who received them for that purpose in Hawaii. President Wilson Vasco Nunez de Balboa was born 400 will be asked to act as an honorary years ago in Portugal, then a part of president of the Pan-Pacific Union. Spain. An adventurer to the new world, it was he who suggested the founding What plans are there for making the of Darien, the oldest North American observation of Balboa, or Pan-Pacific city, and Balboa was its first alcalde. Day, general in Pacific lands? Diego. Columbus in 1513 commissioned The Pan-Pacific Union is sending out him Captain General of Darien, and Bal- a request to Pan-Pacific clubs, cham- boa's first act thereafter was to cross bers of commerce, and kindred civic the isthmus of Darien, practically over organizations, to make this the one day the route of what is now the Panama of the year on which there shall be Canal. From a high hill, or mountain, local gatherings of men of all Pacific on Sept. 25th, old style (Sept. 17th), races that they may meet together and 1513 Balboa beheld the blue waters of become better acquainted. the Pacific, so called because of its What is the usual form of observing peaceful appearance, and around this Balboa Day? ocean that he named "Peaceful" it seems A Pan-Pacific banquet is usually the fitting that "Balboa" Day should be ob- feature of Balboa Day, with a table re- served by the gathering together of all served for those of each race of the men of Pacific races to plan that they Pacific, and a brief five-minute speaker may perpetuate and carry into effect from each table. Often there is no this dream, of an ocean about the chairman, the first speaker introducing shores of which men work for each his successor and so on to the end of other and seek to understand and aid the program until each country of the each other that all may in plenty and Pacific has been heard from. Often on contentment enjoy the blessings of per- Balboa Day cables are exchanged be- petual peace. So it is that the 17th of tween Cities observing the occasion by September has been set aside as Pan- banquets and speeches. Pacific Day, when all men of all races of our ocean, are asked to meet and How may further information be ob- mingle that they may come to know tained concerning Balboa Day obser- each other that on a cornerstone of vances? mutual understanding may be built the By writing to the Pan-Pacific Union, perfect structure that cooperation will Honolulu. Here, at the cross-roads of create. The Story of the Chinese Revolution

By LEON WADDELL. of Nanning, South China.

ZU

The Mid-Pacific Magazine will be glad to publish from time to time, articles such as this story of the Chinese Revolution contributed by Mr. Waddell. The opinions expressed are of course those of the writer of the article, and not neces- sarily those of the magazine.—Editor. With the whole world at war, news ress Dowager and her son had both died, papers have very little space to devote and that the throne was occupied by a to the political situation in China; there- child only a few years of age. The prime fore it may be of interest to the readers minister under the old monarchy ar- of the "Mid-Pacific Magazine" to hear ranged with Dr. Sun at Nanking that the from one who is in the midst of the tur- boy Emperor should abdicate in favor moil in China. of a Republican form of government pro- vided that he (the prime minister, Yuan The Republic was established six years Shih Kai) should be made the first presi- ago chiefly through the efforts of a dent of China. Dr. Sun realized, that if Hawaiian-born Chinese, Dr. Sun Yat the Manchus showed any opposition at Sen, and a group of young radicals, most- all that he and his party would be driven ly Cantonese. Dr. Sun became the pro- back to , so he willingly turned visional president and established his over the reins of government to Yuan government at Nanking, a city near Shih Kai. An election was held and a Shanghai and formerly the capitol of parliament set up. South China. The old Manchu regime China was entirely unsuited to the new could not have been so easily overturned form of government. Elections were im- had it not been that the Imperial court possible, as the masses were too ignorant was absolutely bankrupt, that the Emp- to vote. For thousands of years the peo- 333 334 THE MID-PACIFIC

ple had been accustomed to an absolute large majority, whereas in the second dictatorship, and knew nothing of self they were in the minority. Finally, government. Under the Monarchy every Yuan Shih Kai was elected Emperor of province, city or village was sold to an China and a monarchical form of govern- official who made back the purchase price ment re-established by the second parlia- and interest by "squeezing" the people. ment. At the present time the old idea prevails, This' last move on the part of China's and official positions are bought at high first president 'caused universal disap- prices and the purchaser is expected to proval and the vissilating Yuan Shih Kai make expenses, salary and a generous declared that he nev