PoS(ICRC2021)255 International th 12–23 July 2021 July 12–23 37 SICS CONFERENCE SICS CONFERENCE Berlin | Germany Berlin Berlin | Germany Cosmic Ray Conference Ray Cosmic ICRC 2021 THE ASTROPARTICLE PHY ICRC 2021 THEASTROPARTICLE PHY https://pos.sissa.it/ ONLINE on behalf of the Telescope Array Collaboration ∗ , b , a and Shoichi Ogio a [email protected] International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021) Presenter ∗ th Routine hybrid observations of thedetectors surface (FD) detectors of (SD) the in Telescope Array conjunctionIn Low-energy with this Extension presentation, (TALE) the we began fluorescence will in describe November the 2018. the simulation TALE SD, studies and of report detector on aperture the andalso latest resolution in observation of results the other process than of the energyspacing, expanding spectrum. the in We experiment order are by lower 50 the SDs,seen energy by with threshold the even smaller FD. to nearest-neighbor Details match ofdiscussed. that the of upgrade the and Cherenkov-dominated expected events performance of this new extension will be Graduate School of Science, Osaka City3-3-138, University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental3-3-138, Physics, Sugimoto, Osaka Sumiyoshi-ku, City Osaka, University, Japan E-mail: Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons a b © Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 37 July 12th – 23rd, 2021 Online – Berlin, Germany (a complete list of authors can be found at the end of the proceedings) Aoi Iwasaki The status of the TALE surfaceinfill detector project array and a TALE PoS(ICRC2021)255 . long s in size, µ 2 m Shoichi Ogio 2 . We call this trigger the Level-2 trigger, and the current Level-2 s µ 4 ± Operation status of the TALE SD array from September 2019. Figure 1: from the trigger timing, and the host PC corrects waveform data. s µ in elevation, above the field of view of the original TA FD MD station. The TALE FD 32 ◦ ± 59 The hybrid trigger condition on the TALE FD DAQ system is very simple, which is the number TALE FD station located at TA Middle Drum (MD) site has ten FD telescopes, which observe The TALE SD array consists of 80 detector units. The spacing of 40 SDs in the distance range TALE SD holds the same basic design as TA SD based on its satisfactory performance in − of hit PMTs > 5 and thethe event Level-2 duration or > 500 the ns. hybridwithin The trigger hybrid trigger triggering the rate is host about PC 0.05 requests Hz. each With SD to transfer waveform data station was completed in thetime. fall of 2013, and has been taking data in monocular mode since that 31 of 3 km from therange TALE from FD 3 station km and to 5 theTALE km spacing SD from of array the the and TALE-FD other station the1.2 is 40 TA km 600 SD SDs spacing m. which array, for 23 In are further the planned expansion located in connecting locations in the area for the future. between additional the SDs areoperation prepared for with more than 10 years. Each SD has a plastic scintillation counter of 3 Short Title for header 1. TALE hybrid observations and transmits SD data viapanel a wireless and LAN a module. battery. MoreoverMHz each sampling The detector rate is output on powered signals the bya a CPU from memory solar board. PMTs buffer are on Signal the digitized greater CPU than by board approximately a as 0.3 Level-0 12 MIPs trigger bit are data. stored FADC The in with stored a waveform is 50 2.56 (128 FADC bins). Signals greater thanto 3.0 MIPs a are single-board stored computer, as called a "host Level-1processes. trigger PC", The data, which which local controls are trigger sent trigger rates decision arethe Level-1 about and trigger 750 data time Hz acquisition tables for of Level-0 allSDs and the about are SDs, 20 coincident an Hz with air for shower in Level-1. eventtriggering trigger From rate is generated is when 30 any events/min. five Routine operation started in September 2019. PoS(ICRC2021)255 eV. 8 . Shoichi Ogio 15 10 eV for the infill SD array ∗∗ 10 eV, that is from “knee” to “ankle”. We will 18 3 10 eV to 15 10 eV, and for theTALE-infill hybrid it will be reached to 3 . The cumulative number of events with the TALE hybrid trigger. 15 10 .3 Fig shows a layout of the TALE–infill SDs with TALE FD station and TALE 2 Figure 2: km eV for the hybrid trigger operation. From these values, the expected mode energy of ∗∗ 10 The TALE SD production and the TALE hybrid operations are supported by the Japan Society 4areFig. expected triggering efficiency of the TALE-infill SD array and of the TALE-infill Additionally installing TALE infill surface detectors covering very wide energy range. The The routine hybrid operation started in October 2018, and he number of hybrid events reached for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)and through 19H05607; by Grants-in-Aid the for joint Scientific research program ResearchUniversity of (S) of the Institute Tokyo. 15H05741 for The Cosmic Ray experimental Research site (ICRR),School The became and available Institutional through Trust the Lands cooperation(BLM), Administration of (SITLA), and the U.S. the Utah Bureau U.S. of Airoffices Land Force. of Management the We BLM appreciate inof the crafting Millard assistance the County, of Plan Utah the ofwe have State greatly Development been of appreciate. for a Utah the We source and gratefully site.The acknowledge ofhome Fillmore the people institutions. steadfast contribution and from and the the warm technical officials support staffs of for our our work which Acknowledgements hybrid. Based on Monte Carlo studies, we expect 10 % efficiency at SDs. and at at the infill SD array is additionally install 54 SDs withcovering 100m 0.32 and 200m spacing near the TALE FD station within 2km, 2. Extension of TALE hybrid expected stereo coverage is from 70,000 at February 2020, ashybrid shown operations in resumed2 Fig. inAfter December a 2020. suspension due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Short Title for header PoS(ICRC2021)255 Shoichi Ogio 4 The triggering efficiencies of the TALE-infill SD array and the TALE-infill hybrid operation. The layout of TALE infill SDs. Purple squares denote the planned locations of 54 SDs for the Figure 4: Figure 3: infill array. The array controlled with a host PC at the TALE FD station indicated with the filled circle. Short Title for header PoS(ICRC2021)255 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 9 2 3 3 2 6 6 18 13 14 11 22 12 14 16 30 , 2 , H. Oda 6 , S. Jeong , Y. Saito , I.H. Park 3 , K. Tanaka 14 , S.A. Blake , N. Shibata , R. Higuchi 26 , S. Troitsky 3 , S. Kawana 2 , S. Nagataki , K. Yamazaki 9 , T.A. Stroman 3 10 , S. Kishigami 2 11 2 3 Shoichi Ogio 11 , M. Fukushima 3 , J.P. Lundquist 16 , T. Nonaka , R. Sahara , S. Ozawa 18 , H. Tanaka 6 3 , I. Myers , H.M. Jeong , F. Shibata 3 , K. Hibino 18 , T. Tomida 10 9 11 , B.T. Stokes , Y. Kimura 32 , S. Kawakami , D.R. Bergman 11 14 , R. Fujiwara 2 , M. Yamamoto 19 3 6 , E. Nishio , A. Oshima , H. Sagawa 11 , A. Iwasaki 3 , K. Mukai , Y. Tameda , N. Sone 3 28 6 11 2 , H. Tokuno , Y. Shibasaki , B. Lubsandorzhiev , K. Yada , S.W. Kim , J.W. Belz , K. Fujita 2 , H. Kawai , N. Hayashida 2 16 2 14 6 8 14 18 , R. Onogi , D. Ryu 2 13 , M. Takita 16 , H. Iwakura 29 , T. Wong , A. Nakazawa , P. Sokolsky 2 , P.D. Shah 2 , M. Minamino 6 34 , K.H. Lee 11 , I. Tkachev 3 , K. Fujisue , M.H. Kim 21 7 , S. Kasami 20 2 , M. Hayashi , 2 17 , M. Ono 16 , E. Barcikowski 3 3 , A. Taketa , and Z. Zundel , D. Ivanov 6 , F. Urban , G.I. Rubtsov 5 , J.D. Smith , K. Sekino 16 , T. Fujii 13 2 , R. Mayta , 11 6 6 2 18 11 , J.H. Kim , Y.J. Kwon 2 , Y. Nakamura , Y. Omura 20 , W. Hanlon 11 , , P. Tinyakov , H. Ito 25 , K. Kasahara 2 13 16 , R. Arimura 10 16 3 , T. Seki , R. Takeishi 3 6 , D. Shinto , T. Uehama 6 , Y. Zhezher 9 , J.H. Kim , M. Chikawa 11 4 5 , T. Ishii , J.N. Matthews , T. Okuda , D.C. Rodriguez , Y. Arai 3 12 2 2 18 , K. Sato , N. Globus , T. Nakamura 2 11 , S. Udo 23 , O. Kalashev , M. Takeda , M. Kuznetsov , G.B. Thomson , H.S. Shin 33 9 5 2 16 , J. Chiba 28 4 , H.B. Kim , Y. Oku , N. Inoue , Y. Yoshioka 6 13 , M. Allen 11 18 , K. Sano 2 , 3 1 , T. Matsuyama , J. Remington 3 , R. Gonzalez 27 , Y. Uchihori 2 , , B.K. Shin , T. Nakamura 6 , F. Kakimoto , V. Kuzmin 16 24 , M. Takamura , E. Kido 11 , S.B. Thomas , , H. Ohoka 3 3 3 , B.G. Cheon 15 11 6 16 2 , F. Yoshida , T. Inadomi 5 9 , N. Sakurai 6 , G. Furlich , T. Abu-Zayyad 3 2 , H. Matsumiya , , R. Cady , Y. Tanoue , S. Kurisu 1 , I. Kharuk , K. Kadota 10 2 , D. Ikeda , M. Ohnishi , H. Shimodaira , T. Sako 6 2 31 , Y. Takahashi 11 , R. Nakamura 6 , Y. Tsunesada , M.S. Pshirkov 6 10 3 , K. Yashiro 3 24 3 2 , 3 35 Department of Research Planning and Promotion, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine andAcademic Engineering, Assembly School University of of Yamanashi, Science Kofu, and Yamanashi,The Japan Technology Graduate Institute School of of Engineering, Science Shinshu and University,Astrophysical Nagano, Engineering, Big Nagano, Bang Saitama Japan Laboratory, University, Saitama, RIKEN, Saitama, Wako, Saitama,Department Japan Japan of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon,Department Korea of Physics, Tokyo City University, Setagaya-ku,Institute Tokyo, Japan for Nuclear Research of theFaculty Russian of Academy Systems of Engineering Sciences, and Moscow, Russia Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo,Department Japan of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba,Service Chiba, de Japan Physique Theorique, Universite LibreDepartment de of Bruxelles, Physics, Brussels, Yonsei Belgium University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul,Center Korea for Astrophysics and Cosmology, University ofFaculty Nova of Gorica, Science, Nova Kochi Gorica, University, Kochi, Slovenia Kochi,Nambu Japan Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical andDepartment Experimental of Physics, Osaka Physical Sciences, City Ritsumeikan University, Osaka, University, Kusatsu, Osaka, Shiga, Japan Japan Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow M.V. Lomonosov StateDepartment University, of Moscow, Russia Physics, School of NaturalEarthquake Sciences, Research Ulsan Institute, National University Institute of of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku,Graduate Science Tokyo, School and Japan of Technology, UNIST-gil, Information Ulsan, Sciences, Korea HiroshimaInstitute City of University, Particle Hiroshima, and Hiroshima, Nuclear Japan Studies,Graduate KEK, School Tsukuba, of Ibaraki, Science Japan and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan CEICO, Institute of Physics, Czech AcademyDepartment of of Sciences, Physics Prague, and Czech Institute Republic for the Early Universe, Ewha Womans University, Seodaaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute for Information and Communications Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka, Japan The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago,High Chicago, Energy Illinois, Astrophysics USA Institute and DepartmentGraduate of School Physics of and Science, Astronomy, University Osaka of CityDepartment Utah, University, of Osaka, Salt Physics Osaka, Lake and Japan City, The Utah, Research USA Department Institute of of Physics, Natural Tokyo Science, University of Hanyang University, Science,Institute Seongdong-gu, Noda, for Seoul, Cosmic Chiba, Korea Ray Japan Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan Information Engineering Graduate School of ScienceFaculty and of Technology, Engineering, Shinshu Kanagawa University, Nagano, University, Yokohama, Nagano, Kanagawa, Japan Japan 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kyoto, Japan 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Japan 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba,34 Chiba, Japan 35 1 J. Yang R. Tsuda Y. Takagi M. Tanaka S. Ogio T. Shibata K. Nakai M. Potts N. Sakaki K. Machida K. Kawata Y. Kubota I. Buckland C.C.H. Jui Short Title for header Full Authors List: Telescope Array Collaboration R.U. Abbasi R. Fukushima K. Honda