DOCSLIB.ORG

India's Energy Situation and Trends in New/Renewable Energy And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
India's Energy Situation and Trends in New/Renewable Energy And IEEJ: November 2009 The 45th Research Session India’s Energy Situation and Trends in New/Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation Policies September 14, 2009 Ichiro Kutani (Part 1) Toshiharu Yagi (Part 2) Mitsuru Motokura (Part 3) Strategy and Industry Research Unit The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan 1 IEEJ: November 2009 Why the India Watch？ Rapid economic expansion and Impacts on: growth potential ・Energy markets Increasing energy ・Climate Change demand, rising import dependency India’s energy supply/demand trends and policy development could have great impacts on the future of energy balances for Asia and the World, market stabilization, and the global environmental issues. 2 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 What are the challenges for India？ Response to continuing upsurge of energy demand Antipoverty/rural living standard improvement Environmental issues (pollution & Climate Change） Bolstering means to address the challenges in a balanced way: Nuclear power generation ⇒ to ensure & diversify New & renewable energy energy supplies Energy conservation ⇒ to reduce energy demand 3 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Report Organization India overview: Energy balance Energy policies India’s NRE* policies and solar Part 2 photovoltaic generation: NRE policies Solar photovoltaic generation * New & Renewable Energy India’s energy conservation policies: Part 3 Energy efficiency status Energy conservation policies Summary and implication: 4 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Energy Balance (Reasons behind strengthened effort on nuclear power, NRE and energy conservation) 5 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Economic Growth (GDP) High expansion expected to continue, after a slight dip in 2008 Rs. Trillion at 1999 prices (%) 50 12 Public & Social 10.2 1991: Rao Administration Services 45 9.7 New Economic Policy 9.5 10 (Liberalization) 9.0 40 8.5 Financing, Business 35 7.3 8.0 8 services 6.7 Trade, Transport, 30 6.4 6.4 6.1 7.5 6.7 Communication 5.7 5.8 25 5.4 6 5.3 Manufacturing, 20 4.24.3 Construction, 4.3 Utility 3.5 4.4 3.8 4 15 Agriculture, Fishery, Mining 10 2 1.4 GDP Growth 5 （Right Axis） 0 0 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Source: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, National Account Statistics 6 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Energy Consumption Sharp rise in thermal coal, oil for cars and industry Primary Energy Consumption (Mtoe) Final Energy Consumption 300 Electricity Coal 12% 12% Combustible 250 Renewables 28% Coal 39% （Reference） （Reference） TPES Final Energy Consumption Hydro, etc Oil 2007 2007 200 30% 30% Combustible Nuclear Natural Gas Renewables 1% 6% 41% Oil Natural Gas 150 24% 5% Renewables 0% Other 100 6% Industry 32% 50 （Reference） Final Energy Consumption Residential 2007 45% 0 Transport 12% Commercial 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 4% Coal Oil Natural gas Nuclear Hydro, etc. Source: IEA “Energy Balance of non-OECD countries 2009” 7 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Electricity Demand Sharp increases call for new power source urgently Electricity Generated Installed Capacity [GW] (TWh) as of end-May, 2009 900 Hydro, Thermal Nuclear Total Renewables etc. 800 Hydro Central 36.3 4.1 8.6 49.0 700 Nuclear +6.4％ P.A. Natural Gas State 47.0 - 29.3 76.4 600 Oil Coal Private 12.8 - 12.2 25.0 500 Total 96.0 4.1 50.2 150.3 400 Source: Central Electricity Authority th 300 Actual capacity addition during the 10 Five Year Plan (2002-06) period was 21.1GW 200 against the plan of 41.1GW. th Targeted capacity addition during the 11 100 Five Year Plan (2007-11) is 78.6MW, but actual 2-year results remain at 17.1MW. 0 Average peak power deficit in FY 2008 was 11.9%, worst at 19% in Western Region. 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 Solving power shortage now a critical task Source: IEA “Energy Balance of non-OECD countries 2009” 8 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Energy Intensity Despite gradual progress in energy saving, there remains a large room for improvements. Primary Energy Consumption per GDP (In TOE/Million US$ at 2000 prices) 3,000 1,000 China China 900 India Non OECD 2,500 Non OECD 800 789 World 700 2,000 Japan India 600 583 568 1,500 500 400 World 1,000 300 279 200 500 Japan 100 104 0 0 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Source: IEEJ “EDMC Handbook of Energy & Economic Database in Japan” 9 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Environmental Issues Due to surging energy consumption, CO2 emissions are on a sharp rise mainly in the power sector. Air and water pollution is also aggravating. India’s CO2 Emissions by Sector Global CO2 Emissions （Million t-CO2） 800 Electricity and Heat Production 700 Other Energy Industries Manufacturing and Construction USA 21% 600 Transport Residential and Commercial 500 Others Others 43% Global CO2 Emissions 400 28 Billion Tons （2006） China 300 20% 200 Russia Japan 6% 4% 100 India 5% Germany 0 3% 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 Source: IEA “CO2 emission from fuel combustion 2008” 10 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Reserves/Production Ratios of Fossil Fuels There are coal and other fossil fuel reserves, but… R/P Ratios of Fossil Fuels 120 114 Years 100 80 60 40 35.6 Years 20.7 Years 20 0 Coal Oil Natural Gas Source: BP “Statistical Review of World Energy 2009” 11 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Export/Import by Energy Type Import dependency of fossil fuels is on the rise. Coal Oil Natural Gas (Mtoe) (b/d) (bcm) 250 3000 45 Consumption Consumption Consumption 40 Production Production Production 2500 Net Imports Net Imports 200 Net Imports 35 2000 30 150 25 1500 20 100 1000 15 50 10 500 5 0 0 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Source: BP “Statistical Review of World Energy June 2009” 12 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Financial Burden of Energy Imports Growing energy imports and inflationary prices are pushing up cost burdens. Retail price hike difficult to effect on social policy grounds Cost of Energy Imports Price Subsidy on Kerosene （in Billion US$） （Rs/Liter） 100 10% 40 Under recoveries to oil $100/bbl Natural Gas companies 90 Oil 9% 35 Subsidy from fiscal budget Coal $80.7 Bil. Average retail price, Delhi 72 80 Share of GDP (Right Axis) 8% 30 66 70 7% 6.6% 57 25 60 6% 41 24.06 50 5% 20 31 16.23 26 15.17 12.1 40 4% 15 7.96 30 3% 1.69 3.12 2.45 10 1.65 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 20 2% 5 10 1% 8.98 9.00 9.01 9.06 9.09 9.11 9.18 0 0% 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Source: Calculated from BP “Statistical Review of World Energy June 2009” Source: PPAC GDP data by IEEJ “EDMC Handbook of Energy & Economic Database in Japan” 13 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Energy Demand Outlook (1) Energy consumption projected to grow by 3.5% p.a. (IEA), with high growth (8.8% p.a.) for nuclear. Primary Energy Consumption Forecasts Population Projection (Mtoe) (in 100 Million) 2,000 18 Hydro, etc. 16.1 1,800 16 Nuclear 14.2 13.1 1,600 Gas 14 Oil 1,400 12 Coal 11.3 1,200 10 3% 8 1,000 8% China 6 India 800 27% 4 Japan 600 2% 1.3 1% 6% 2 1.0 400 26% 24% 5% 45% 0 200 41% 39% 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 0 2006 India IEEJ IEA India IEEJ IEA Source: UN, World population Prospects, 2008 revision, Medium Case projection 2011 2010 2015 2031 2030 2030 Sources: Government of India Planning Commission “Integrated Energy Policy” Aug. 2008, GDP growth at 8%, including non-commercial energy, IEA “World Energy Outlook 2008”, Reference scenario, also for 2006 results, and IEEJ ”Asia/World Energy Outlook 2007” 14 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Energy Demand Outlook (2) India’s share of the world energy demand is projected to increase further. Growth in Primary Energy Consumption (2006-2030) China 1,987 （Mtoe） India 714 Middle east 584 USA 15% Other Asia 397 20% Latin America 332 Other Europe 40% 38% 11% U.S.A. 247 Inside: 2006 Outside: 2030 16% Japan Africa 243 3% Russia 191 5% 5% 16% China Europe 82 India 23% 8% Japan -9 Source: IEA “World Energy Outlook 2008”, Reference scenario 15 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Energy Balance Summary Rising energy demand due to economic growth: Sluggish power supply expansion, chronic shortage Inferior energy efficiency compared to world norms Rapid increase in CO2 emissions, worsening pollution Soaring import dependency creating high cost burdens Heightened interest in energy security: Stable supply Requiring supply assurance, demand Reasonable price control, and clean use of energy Sustainability Renewed efforts toward solutions Nuclear power NRE EE&C 16 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Energy Policies (Specific efforts on nuclear power, NRE and energy conservation) 17 45th Research Session 9/14/09 IEEJ: November 2009 Organization of the Energy Sector Segmented by energy types Government of India Ministry of Minstry of New Planning Department of Ministry of Coal Ministry of Power Petroleum and and Renewable Commission Natural Gas Energy Atomic Energy Mining companies Central Electricty Authority E&P companies Financial institution Atomic Energy Commission Power and Energy, ・CIL ・ONGC ・IREDA Energy Policy and Generation companies Research institutions ・NLC
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Joint Statement on the Occasion of the 7Th India-Japan Energy Dialogue
    Joint Statement on the occasion of the 7th India-Japan Energy Dialogue between the Planning Commission of India and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan 1. H.E. Mr. Montek Singh Ahluwalia, Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of India and H.E. Mr. Toshimitsu Motegi, Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan held the 7th meeting of the India-Japan Energy Dialogue on September 12, 2013 in New Delhi. 2. Senior officials of the relevant ministries and departments of both sides participated in the discussions. Both sides welcomed the progress achieved so far in the previous six rounds of the Energy Dialogue and in the deliberations of the various Working Groups. They appreciated the sector-specific discussions by experts of both sides and the progress made in various areas of cooperation. 3. During the dialogue, both sides recognized that it is important to hold the India-Japan Energy Dialogues annually, and that the issues of energy security and global environment are high priority challenges requiring continuous and effective action. In particular, to overcome challenges such as the global-scale changes in the energy demand structure seen in recent years and soaring energy prices, both sides confirmed to strengthen consumer-producer dialogue on LNG and deepen cooperation in energy conservation and renewable energy sectors. In addition, both sides decided to strengthen programs to further disseminate and expand model business projects that have thus far been implemented by both sides, and to enhance cooperation in upstream development of petroleum and natural gas. 4. Both sides recognized the need to promote industrial cooperation to expand bilateral energy cooperation on a commercial basis, based on the Joint Statement issued at the 6th India-Japan Energy Dialogue.
    [Show full text]
  • US Energy Exports to India
    Vol. 3, Issue 5 May 2013 U.S. Energy Exports to India: A Game India’s Energy by the Numbers Changer 75% Amb. Karl F. Inderfurth and Persis Khambatta Of India’s energy is imported; by 2023 the number is expected to rise to 90 percent. When Indian foreign secretary Ranjan Mathai came to Washington in February, energy was high on his agenda. Energy cooperation, he said, 4th “could be a real big game changer…You will start a chain of investments Largest energy consumer in the world. As India’s far bigger than anything we’ve had before.” He found a highly receptive energy needs have vastly increased, it has been audience with high-ranking officials at the State and Energy Departments. unable to develop sufficient domestic energy With the policy communities in both capitals consistently looking for “the production capabilities and therefore relies heavily next big thing” on the horizon for the U.S.-India strategic partnership, the on imports to meet its energy demands. past few months have seen a potential breakthrough to expand U.S. 6th exports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to India, which may lead to a big opportunity benefitting both countries. Largest liquefied natural gas (LNG) importer in the world. Until 2004, India produced all of its Changing Global Energy Landscape own LNG; in 2009, 21 percent of India’s total The United States and India are two of the world’s top five energy natural gas was imported. Importing is a financial consumers. To date, policy debates have focused on finding sustainable burden on federal funds, as imported LNG costs ways to satisfy the ever-expanding demand for energy by advanced twice as much as that produced domestically.
    [Show full text]
  • IBEF Presentataion
    OIL and GAS For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org November 2017 Table of Content Executive Summary……………….….…….3 Advantage India…………………..….……...4 Market Overview and Trends………..……..6 Porters Five Forces Analysis.….…..……...28 Strategies Adopted……………...……….…30 Growth Drivers……………………..............33 Opportunities…….……….......…………..…40 Success Stories………….......…..…...…....43 Useful Information……….......………….….46 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . In FY17, India had 234.5 MMTPA of refining capacity, making it the 2nd largest refiner in Asia. By the end of Second largest refiner in 2017, the oil refining capacity of India is expected to rise and reach more than 310 million tonnes. Private Asia companies own about 38.21 per cent of total refining capacity World’s fourth-largest . India’s energy demand is expected to double to 1,516 Mtoe by 2035 from 723.9 Mtoe in 2016. Moreover, the energy consumer country’s share in global primary energy consumption is projected to increase by 2-folds by 2035 Fourth-largest consumer . In 2016-17, India consumed 193.745 MMT of petroleum products. In 2017-18, up to October, the figure stood of oil and petroleum at 115.579 MMT. products . India was 3rd largest consumer of crude oil and petroleum products in the world in 2016. LNG imports into the country accounted for about one-fourth of total gas demand, which is estimated to further increase by two times, over next five years. To meet this rising demand the country plans to increase its LNG import capacity to 50 million tonnes in the coming years. Fourth-largest LNG . India increasingly relies on imported LNG; the country is the fourth largest LNG importer and accounted for importer in 2016 5.68 per cent of global imports.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Energy in India's Energy Security Matrix
    Nuclear Energy in India’s Energy Security Matrix: An Appraisal 2 of 55 About the Author Maj Gen AK Chaturvedi, AVSM, VSM was commissioned in Corps of Engineers (Bengal Sappers) during December 1974 and after a distinguished career of 38 years, both within Engineers and the staff, retired in July 2012. He is an alumnus of the College of Military Engineers, Pune; Indian Institute of Technology, Madras; College of Defence Management, Secunderabad; and National Defence College, New Delhi. Post retirement, he is pursuing PhD on ‘India’s Energy Security: 2030’. He is a prolific writer, who has also been quite active in lecture circuit on national security issues. His areas of interests are energy, water and other elements of ‘National Security’. He is based at Lucknow. http://www.vifindia.org © Vivekananda International Foundation Nuclear Energy in India’s Energy Security Matrix: An Appraisal 3 of 55 Abstract Energy is essential for the economic growth of a nation. India, which is in the lower half of the countries as far as the energy consumption per capita is concerned, needs to leap frog from its present position to upper half, commensurate with its growing economic stature, by adopting an approach, where all available sources need to be optimally used in a coordinated manner, to bridge the demand supply gap. A new road map is needed to address the energy security issue in short, medium and long term. Solution should be sustainable, environment friendly and affordable. Nuclear energy, a relatively clean energy, has an advantage that the blueprint for its growth, which was made over half a century earlier, is still valid and though sputtering at times, but is moving steadily as envisaged.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Reliability Program in Industries of National Importance Jointly Organised by Nias, India and Texas A&M University, Usa
    M. Sai Baba Sunil S. Chirayath SUMMARY OF THE MEETINGS ON HUMAN RELIABILITY PROGRAM IN INDUSTRIES OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE JOINTLY ORGANISED BY NIAS, INDIA AND TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY, USA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES Bengaluru, India January 2021 Report NIAS/NSE/U/MR/02/2021 Summary of the Meetings on Human Reliability Program in Industries of National Importance Jointly organised by NIAS, India and Texas A&M University, USA M. Sai Baba Sunil S. Chirayath NATIONAL INS TITUTE OF TEXAS A&M UNIVERS ITY USA ADVANCED STUDIES Bengaluru, India © National Institute of Advanced Studies, January 2021 Published by National Institute of Advanced Studies Indian Institute of Science Campus Bengaluru - 560 012 Tel: 2218 5000, Fax: 2218 5028 E-mail: [email protected] NIAS Report: NIAS/NSE/U/MR/02/2021 Typeset & Printed by Aditi Enterprises [email protected] Preface Human Reliability (to describe human performance) is widely used in fields requiring high standards of safety, such as aviation, petroleum and chemical processes, and nuclear industries. Human behavior always poses an inherent risk through our actions or inactions. Introducing errors into the operation of a system or process. Human factors can either positively or negatively affect the performance in workplace. Although human errors can be minimized through education and training/retraining programs, there are some human actions (insider actions) that could be intentional, which compromise the safety and security at the workplace due to ideological, economic, political, or personal motivations. A Human Reliability Program (HRP) could ensure that individuals who occupy positions with access to critical assets/operations/sites meet the highest standards so that they adhere to safety and security rules and regulations (reliability), ensure confidence in individuals based on their character (trustworthiness) and their physical and mental stability.
    [Show full text]
  • Harnessing India's Productive Potential Through Renewables And
    Harnessing India’s Productive Potential through Renewables and Jobs SABINA DEWAN INTRODUCTION *CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate of CO2 emissions The blackout in July 2012 that left over 600 million hoods, especially when compared to non-renewable people without electricity highlighted India’s inability energy sectors such as the coal industry. to meet its economy’s voracious appetite for energy. Yet with the enormous challenge of meeting India’s grow- Renewables are not a panacea. Scaling up production of ing energy demand comes an opportunity to leverage renewable energy in India is constrained by factors such the production of renewables - biomass, mini-hydro, as cost, pricing, and diffuse geography.1 Yet renewables solar, and wind - to expand the country’s energy sup- can be part of the solution in generating more and bet- ply while helping to address the employment challenges ter employment, raising productivity and shifting the also plaguing the nation. nation onto a cleaner, more sustainable growth trajec- tory. Flagging economic growth in recent years, coupled with joblessness and underemployment, has created the dual These potential dividends should further strengthen the imperative of generating more employment and en- new government’s resolve to scale up the production of hancing productivity. Renewables hold the potential to renewables and maximize their potential to generate help address both these aims. good employment in the process. • First, investment in renewables spurs new jobs in grid THE JOBS, POWER, AND construction and upgrading to smart grids, production PRODUCTIVITY DEFICIT of small-scale renewables, distribution, installation, and maintenance. Despite India’s average annual growth rate of 8.5% • Second, by improving energy supply, renewables can between 2005 and 2010,2 employment only grew at stimulate greater productivity across sectors.
    [Show full text]
  • ENERGY STATISTICS 2019 (Twenty Sixth Issue)
    ENERGY STATISTICS 2019 (Twenty Sixth Issue) CENTRAL STATISTICS OFFICE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI ENERGY STATISTICS 2019 2 Officers associated with the publication: Officers associated with the publication: Smt. G.S. Lakshmi Additional Director General Smt. Bhawna Singh Director Shri Amit Kamal Deputy Director Ms. Shobha Sharma Assistant Director Shri Vijay Kumar Junior Statistical Officer ENERGY STATISTICS 2019 3 CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE Energy Maps of India 6-8 Map 1: Installed Generation Capacity in India 6 Map 2: Wind Power Potential at 100m agl 7 Map 3: Refineries and Petroleum product Pipelines 8 Metadata-Energy Statistics 9-12 Highlights of Energy Statistics 2019 13 Chapter 1 : Reserves and Potential for Generation 14-20 Highlights and Graphs 14-17 Table 1.1: State-wise Estimated Reserves of Coal 18 Table 1.1(A): State-wise Estimated Reserves of Lignite 18 Table 1.2:State-wise Estimated Reserves of Crude Oil and Natural Gas 19 Table 1.3: Source wise and State wise Estimated Potential of Renewable Power 20 Chapter 2 : Installed Capacity and Capacity Utilization 21-33 Highlights and Graphs 21-24 Table 2.1 : Installed Capacity of Coal Washeries in India 25-26 Table 2.2 : Installed Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Refineries of Crude Oil 27 Table 2.3 : Installed Generating Capacity of Electricity in Utilities and Non Utilities 28 Table2.4 : Region-wise and State-wise Installed Generation Capacity of 29 Electricity(Utilities) Table 2.5 : State wise and Source wise Total Installed
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Statistics 2018
    Energy Statistics 2018 ENERGY STATISTICS 2018 (Twenty Fifth Issue) CENTRAL STATISTICS OFFICE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI CENTRAL STATISTICS OFFICE Energy Statistics 2018 FOREWORD Energy is one of the most important building blocks in human development, and as such, acts as a key factor in determining the economic development of all the countries. In an effort to meet the demands of a developing nation, the energy sector has witnessed a rapid growth. It is important to note that non-renewable resources are significantly depleted by human use, whereas renewable resources are produced by ongoing processes that can sustain indefinite human exploitation. The use of renewable resources of energy is rapidly increasing worldwide. Solar power, one of the potential energy sources, is a fast developing industry in India. The country's solar installed capacity has reached 12.28 GW in year 2016-17 as compared to 6.76 GW during the year 2015-16. India has expanded its solar generation capacity by 5.52 GW during last one year which has led to downward trend in the cost and has increased usage. It clearly signifies that proper integration of policy interventions holds the key to achieve the sustainable development goals. This publication, 25th in the series is an annual publication of CSO and is a continued effort to provide a comprehensive picture of Energy Sector in India. Energy Statistics is an integrated and updated database of reserves, installed capacity, production, consumption, import, export and whole sale prices of different sources viz. coal, crude petroleum, natural gas and electricity.
    [Show full text]
  • India's Primary Energy Evolution: Past Trends and Future Prospects
    KAUSHIK DEB* Group Economics, BP plc PAUL APPLEBY† Group Economics, BP plc India’s Primary Energy Evolution: Past Trends and Future Prospects ABSTRACT This paper assesses India’s primary energy mix and changes in con- sumption and production to identify factors causing these changes and their likely economic and emission impacts. A rising GDP growth rate and the changing struc- ture of the economy during 1980–2013 resulted in a significant growth in energy consumption, though with little apparent impact on the primary energy mix, with coal and oil dominating at unchanged levels. Despite growth in energy consump- tion, India’s primary energy consumption per capita remains low as compared to the world averages. Industrialization, urbanization, and the energy mix are key factors that will influence growth in India’s energy demand. Going forward, India’s primary energy consumption is expected to grow at a rate outpacing China’s. Coal will continue to dominate the energy mix, though it will lose some market share to gas and renewables. India’s energy and emission intensities have declined over time but mostly due to improving energy efficiency and not due to a change in the energy mix. With the energy mix not changing, the gains from greater shares of more energy- and carbon-efficient fuels are likely to remain limited. Significantly for India, domestic production has been sluggish in responding to energy demand growth, and imports are likely to continue rising, placing a significant burden on the macro economy. A higher GDP growth path and a green growth path are explored to understand their implications for the energy policy environment, improvements in energy and carbon intensities, import dependency, and domestic production.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Renewable Energy Status Report Background Report for DIREC 2010
    Indian Renewable Energy Status Report Background Report for DIREC 2010 NREL/TP-6A20-48948 October 2010 D. S. Arora (IRADe) | Sarah Busche (NREL) | Shannon Cowlin (NREL) | Tobias Engelmeier (Bridge to India Pvt. Ltd.) | Hanna Jaritz (IRADe) | Anelia Milbrandt (NREL) | Shannon Wang (REN21 Secretariat) I RADe NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available electronically at http://www.osti.gov/bridge Available for a processing fee to U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 phone: 865.576.8401 fax: 865.576.5728 email: mailto:[email protected] Available for sale to the public, in paper, from: U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Electricity and Natural Gas in India: an Opportunity for India’S National Oil Companies
    Do Not Delete 5/21/15 1:28 PM ELECTRICITY AND NATURAL GAS IN INDIA: AN OPPORTUNITY FOR INDIA’S NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES Pierce T. Cox* I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 894 II. ELECTRICITY AND ENERGY SECURITY IN INDIA ................. 897 A. Using Coal to Generate Electricity in India .............. 898 B. Alternatives for Generating Electricity in India ....... 900 C. Using Natural Gas to Generate Electricity in India ............................................................................ 904 III. INDIA’S NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES .................................... 908 A. Indian Oil ................................................................... 908 B. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation ............................. 909 C. GAIL Limited .............................................................. 909 IV. CHOOSING SOCIAL POLICY OR ENERGY SECURITY ............. 910 V. THE CHINESE NATIONAL OIL COMPANY MODEL ............... 912 A. Chinese NOCs: Reducing State Influence .................. 913 B. Chinese NOCs: Securing Adequate Supply ............... 915 C. Chinese NOCs: Developing Infrastructure ................ 916 VI. A WAY FORWARD FOR INDIA’S NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES ........................................................................ 917 A. Increased Transparency ............................................. 917 * J.D. Candidate 2015, University of Houston Law Center; B.A. 2007, University of Oklahoma. This Comment received the 2014 Akin Gump Strauss Hauer and Feld Outstanding Comment
    [Show full text]
  • India's Civil Nuclear Power
    CAPS In Focus 22 November 2016 www.capsindia.org 123/16 INDIA’S CIVIL NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMME: A GLIMPSE INTO THE FUTURE Gideon Kharmalki Research Associate, CAPS Civil nuclear energy has always been an India is currently on a path of expanding its civil nuclear power programme on a massive important facet to India’s energy basket. Over the scale, perhaps, second only to China’s ambitions. last ten years, there has been a drastic expansion After years of isolation from the global nuclear in India’s civil nuclear power programme owing commerce, India had a daunting task of to various reasons. First, India is on a path of developing indigenous civil nuclear technology, steady economic growth with its Gross Domestic coupled with a strategy to push for international Product (GDP) consistently rising at a rate of 7- cooperation with the global nuclear commerce. 8%. 1 The common discourse on a country’s Recent trends have also indicated that India is economic growth is its correlation to energy becoming a leader in the closed Nuclear Fuel requirements. The basic assumption is that the Cycle.3 To summarise, India has developed an rate of economic growth is directly proportional innovative closed nuclear fuel cycle, which uses a to the growth of energy requirements. Second, three-stage Nuclear Power Programme. The first global warming and drastic climatic changes stage involves the using of indigenous uranium have created a global resurgence for a more in Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PWHRs), immediate need of clean sources of energy. which produces energy and also fissile According to a World Resources Institute report, plutonium as by-product.
    [Show full text]