Topics in Talmud Hanukkah

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Topics in Talmud Hanukkah Topics in Talmud: Hanukkah Taught by Professor David Kraemer Babylonian Talmud Tractate Shabbat 21b-23b (English Translation from Soncino) 21b ת " ר צמ תו נח ו הכ נ ר א שי ו ב י ות ו רדהמה י ן נ ר לכל דחא ו דחא ו רדהמה י ן מ ן רדהמה י ן ב " ש א ו רמ י ם י םו ושאר ן לדמ י ק נמש ה מ ןאכמ ךליאו תחופ ךלוהו בו " ה ירםמוא י םו ןושאר קילדמ תחא ןאכמ ךליאו ףיסומ ךלוהו רמא אלוע ילפ ג י הב ירת יארומא אברעמב ר ' י יסו רב יבא ן רו ' י יסו רב אדיבז דח רמא אמעט בד " ש דגנכ םימי יסנכנה ן אמעטו בד " ה דגנכ םימי יה יאצו ן דחו רמא אמעט בד " ש דגנכ ירפ גחה אמעטו בד תי ללה לעמד י ן שדקב יאו ן רומ י ד י ן רמא הבר רב רב הנח א " ר י נחו ן נש י נקז םי ה י ו צב י ד ן דחא השע בכ " ש דחאו השע בדרכ י ב " ה הז נ ןתו םעט בדרל י ו כ נ דג רפ י גחה ו הז נ ןתו םעט בדרל י ו לעמד י ן שדקב יאו ן רומ י ד י ן Our Ravs taught: The precept of Hanukkah [demands] one light for a man and his household; the zealous [kindle] a light for each member [of the household]; and the extremely zealous, — Beit Shammai maintain: On the first day eight lights are lit and thereafter they are gradually reduced; but Beit Hillel say: On the first day one is lit and thereafter they are progressively increased. 'Ulla said: In the West [Palestine] two amoraim, Rav Jose bar Abin and Rav Jose bar Zebida, differ therein: one maintains, The reason of Beit Shammai is that it will correspond to the days still to come, and that of Beit Hillel is that it will correspond to the days that are gone; but another maintains: Beit Shammai's reason is that it shall correspond to the bullocks of the Festival; while Beit Hillel's reason is that we promote in [matters of] sanctity but do not reduce. Rabbah bar Bar Hana said: There were two old men in Sidon: one did as Beit Shammai and the other as Beit Hillel: the former gave the reason of his action that it should correspond to the bullocks of the Festival, while the latter stated his reason because we promote in [matters of] sanctity but do not reduce. ת " ר נ ר נח ו הכ צמ ו ה הל נ י הח לע חתפ ב י ות חבמ ו ץ םא ה י ה רד לעב י י ה נמ י הח לחב ו ן מסה ו הכ הרל " ר ו תעשב כסה נ ה נמ י הח לע נחלש ו ו ד י ו רמא אבר רצ י ך נ ר תרחא שמתשהל אל ו הר ו א י א י אכ דמ ו הר אל רצ י ך ו א י םדא ושח ב ה ו א עא " ג אד י אכ דמ ו הר רצ י ך נ ר תרחא : Our Ravs taught: It is incumbent to place the Hanukkah lamp by the door of one's house on the outside; if one dwells in an upper chamber, he places it at the window nearest the street. But in times of danger it is sufficient to place it on the table. Raba said: Another lamp is required for its light to be used; yet if there is a blazing fire it is unnecessary. But in the case of an important person, even if there is a blazing fire another lamp is required. יאמ הכונח ונתד ןנבר כב " ה וילסכב ימוי הכונחד אינמת ןוניא אלד דפסמל ןוהב אלדו תונעתהל ןוהב וסנכנכשש יםנווי לכיהל ואמט לכ יםנהמש לכיהבש הרבגכוש תוכלמ תיב יאנוחמש וםחצנו וקדב אלו ואצמ אלא ךפ דחא לש ןמש היהש חנומ ומתוחב לש ןהכ לודג אלו היה וב אלא לדהל י ק י םו דחא נ השע ב ו סנ ו לדה י ק ו נממ ו ומש הנ י מ םי הנשל תרחא עבק םו ו םואשע י מ םי ט ו ב םי ללהב ו ה ו האד What is [the reason of] Hanukkah? For our Ravs taught: On the twenty-fifth of Kislev [commence] the days of Hanukkah, which are eight on which a lamentation for the dead and fasting are forbidden. For when the Greeks entered the Temple, they defiled all the oils therein, and when the Hasmonean dynasty prevailed against and defeated them, they made search and found only one cruse of oil which lay with the seal of the High Priest, but which contained sufficient for one day's lighting only; yet a miracle was wrought therein and they lit [the lamp] therewith for eight days. The following year these [days] were appointed a Festival with [the recital of] Hallel and thanksgiving. נת ן םתה ץג יה אצו תחתמ שיטפה ו אצי זהו קי יח בי למג ועטש ן ןתשפ אוהו רבוע הרב " ר ו הסנכנ ונתשפ ךותל נחה תו הקלדו ורנב לש נח ו נ י קילדהו תא הריבה לעב למגה יח בי נה חי נח ו נ י תא ורנ ץוחבמ נח ו נ י יח בי יבר הדוהי רמוא רנב נח הכו רוטפ רמא יבר אנ > םושמ הברד < ] הימשמ ארדב [ תאז תרמוא רנ נח ו הכ צמ ו ה נהל י הח ותב ך הרשע אד י ס " ד הלעמל הרשעמ ל י אמ ל י ה ה י ה ךל נהל י ח הלעמל למגמ ו ר ו בכ ו ו ד י אמל א י אחרטימ היל אבוט יתא נמיאל יעו הוצממ : רמא בר אנהכ שרד בר ןתנ רב נמ י ימו הימשמ יברד םוחנת We learned elsewhere: If a spark which flies from the anvil goes forth and causes damage, he [the smith] is liable. If a camel laden with flax passes through a street, and the flax overflows into a shop, catches fire at the shopkeeper's lamp, and sets the building alight, the camel owner is liable; but if the shopkeeper placed the light outside, the shopkeeper is liable. R. Judah said: In the case of a Hanukkah lamp he is exempt. Rabina said in Rab's name: This proves that the Hanukkah lamp should [in the first instance] be placed within ten. For should you think, above ten, let him say to him, 'You ought to have placed it higher than a camel and his rider.' 'Yet perhaps if he is put to too much trouble, he may refrain from the [observance of the] precept'. R. Kahana said, R. Nathan b. Minyomi expounded in R. Tanhum's name: 22a רנ לש נח הכו נהש החי הלעמל כמ ' המא הלוספ הכוסכ ובמכו י : רמאו בר אנהכ שרד בר ןתנ רב נמ י ימו הימשמ ברד םוחנת יאמ ביתכד ) תישארב זל ( רובהו קר יא ן וב םימ עמשממ אנש ' רובהו קר יא נ י י עדו יאש ן וב םימ אלא המ ת " ל יא ן וב םימ םימ יא ן וב לבא םישחנ םיברקעו שי וב : : רמא הבר נ ר ח נ ו הכ צמ ו ה הל נ י הח חפטב מסה ו הכ חתפל ו ה י אכ מ נ ח ל י ה בר אחא רב י ה אברד רמא מ י מ י ן בר מש ו לא תפדמ י רמא לאמשמ ו ה י אתכל לאמשמ דכ י אהתש נ ר ח נ ו הכ לאמשמ ו מ ז ו ז ה מ י מ י ן If a Hanukkah lamp is placed above twenty cubits [from the ground] it is unfit, like sukkah and a cross-beam over [the entrance of] an alley. R. Kahana also said, R. Nathan b. Minyomi expounded in R. Tanhum's name: Why is it written, and the pit was empty, there was no water in it? From the implication of what is said, 'and the pit was empty', do I not know that there was no water in it; what then is taught by, 'there was no water in it'? There was no water, yet there were snakes and scorpions in it. Rabbah said: The Hanukkah lamp should be placed within the handbreadth nearest the door. And where is it placed? — R. Aha son of Raba said: On the right hand side: R. Samuel of Difti said: On the left hand side. And the law is, on the left, so that the Hanukkah lamp shall be on the left and the mezuzah on the right. רמא בר הדוהי רמא בר יסא > רמא בר < רוסא תוצרהל תועמ דגנכ רנ הכונח יכ התירמא הימק לאודמש רמא יל יכו רנ והשדק יש הב ףיקתמ הל בר ףסוי יכו דם והשדק יש וב אינתד ) ארקיו זי ( וךפש הסכו המב שךפש הסכי אלש ונסכי לגרב אלש והי תוצמ תויוזב וילע ה " נ אלש והי תוצמ זב ו י תו ילע ו : ועב ימ נ הי יברמ עשוהי ןב ול י והמ קפתסהל נמ ו י י הכוס לכ העבש א " ל ירה ורמא רוסא תוצרהל תועמ דגנכ רנ נח הכו רמא בר י ףסו הירמ םהרבאד ילת נת אי אלדב נת אי הכוס נת אי נח הכו אל נת אי נתד אי הככס התכלהכ הרטיעו םימרקב ידסבו נ י ן וצמה י ירי ן הלתו הב וגא ז םי קסרפא י ן דקש י ם ו מר ו נ י ם ו כרפ י ל י ע נ ב י ם ו רטע ו ת לש לבש י ם י י נ ו ת > לש < נמש י ם ו תלס ו ת סא ו ר קפתסהל המ ן דע מ ו אצ י י ו ם ט ו ב רחאה ו ן לש גח ו םא נתה ה לע י ה ן לכה פל י נת א ו אלא רמא בר י ו ףס בא ו ה ו ן כד ו הל ו םד : Rav Judah said in Rav Assi's name: One must not count money by the Hanukkah light.
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