04.22.20.+--+Russian+Interference in 2016 Presidential Election
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U.S. Department of Justice FARA
:U.S. Department of Justice National Securify Division Coun1,rinl1lligt"" om E.xpQrt Control & cliO/'I WasM~on, DC 2QSJO August 17, 2017 BY FEDEX Mikhail Solodovnikov General Manager T &R Productions 1325 G Stre~t, NW, Suite 250 Washington, DC. 20005 Re: Obligation ofT&R Productions, LLC, lo Register Under the Foreign Agents Registration Act Dear Mr. Solodovnikov: Based upon infonnation known to this Qffice, we have determined that T &R Productions, LLC ("T&R"), has an obligation to register pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended, 22 ·u.s.C. §§ 611-621 (1995) ("FARA" or the "Act''). T&R' s obligalion to register arises from its political activities in the United States on behalf of RT and TV-Novosti, both foreign principals under the Act and proxies o f the Russian Government, and its related work within the United States as a publicity agent and infonnation-service employee of TV Novosti. FARA The purpose of FARA is to inform the American public of the activities of agents working for foreign principals to influence U.S. Government officials and/or the American public with reference to the domestic or foreign policies of the United States, or with reference to the political or public interests, policies, or relations of a foreign country or foreign political party. The term "foreign principal" includes "a government of a foreign country" and "a partnership, association, corporation, organization, or other comhination of persons organized under the Jaws of or having its principal place of business in a foreign country." 22 U.S.C. -
(Stop a Douchebag) Vigilantes in Russia
© Laboratorium: Russian Review of Social Research. 2019. 11(3):16–45 16 DOI: 10.25285/2078-1938-2019-11-3-16-45 EROES OR HOOLIGANS? HMEDIA PORTRAYAL OF STOPXAM (STOP A DOUCHEBAG) VIGILANTES IN RUSSIA Rashid Gabdulhakov Rashid Gabdulhakov, Department of Media and Communication, Erasmus University Rotterdam. Address for correspondence: Erasmus University Rotterdam, Postbus 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. [email protected]. The author expresses sincere gratitude to the informants for their contributions, as well as to peer reviewers and editors of this special issue for their valuable feed- back. This work was supported by the Dutch Research Council (NWO) project num- ber 276-45-004. Several state-supported digital vigilante groups emerged in Russia at the downturn of the pro-Kremlin youth group Nashi (Ours), when its former commissars formed issue- specific movements to counter perceived legal and moral offences through exposure of targets on social media. One of such groups is StopXam (Stop a Douchebag), specializ- ing in road-traffic and parking violations. StopXam participants confront the drivers and retaliate by placing stickers that read “I spit on everyone I drive where I want” on the targets’ windshields. The retaliation is often accompanied by verbal and physical fighting; the process is filmed, edited, and shared on YouTube, receiving millions of views. While digital media made such practices possible, traditional broadcasters maintain significance in rendering meaning to the phenomenon of vigilantism and in framing vigilantes, their targets, police, and other actors. As the existing literature on digital vigilantism is predominantly focused on digital media affordances, this article aims to address this gap through a qualitative analysis of traditional media coverage of StopXam. -
Regulating “Fake News” and Other Online Advertising
FOOL ME ONCE: REGULATING “FAKE NEWS” AND OTHER ONLINE ADVERTISING ABBY K. WOOD* AND ANN M. RAVEL† A lack of transparency for online political advertising has long been a problem in American political campaigns. Disinformation attacks that American voters have experienced since the 2016 campaign have made the need for regulatory action more pressing. Internet platforms prefer self-regulation and have only recently come around to supporting proposed transparency legislation. While government must not regulate the content of political speech, it can, and should, force transparency into the process. We propose several interventions aimed at transparency. First, and most importantly, campaign finance regulators should require platforms to store and make available (1) ads run on their platforms, and (2) the audience at whom the ad was targeted. Audience availability can be structured to avoid privacy concerns, and it meets an important speech value in the “marketplace of ideas” theory of the First Amendment—that of enabling counter speech. Our proposed regulations would capture any political advertising, including disinformation, that is promoted via paid distribution on social media, as well as all other online political advertising. Second, existing loopholes in transparency regulations *. Associate Professor of Law, Political Science, and Public Policy at University of Southern California ([email protected]). †. Senior Fellow, Maplight Digital Deception Project and former Chair of the Federal Election Commission and California Fair Political Practices Commission. This article has benefited from insights from Rebecca Brown, Chris Elmendorf, and Rick Hasen. Daniel Brovman, Samantha Hay, Justin Mello, Brandon Thompson, and Caroline Yoon provided fantastic research assistance. Teresa Delgado and Alex Manzanares joyfully created the time and space required to focus on the project. -
Russian Meddling in Elections and Referenda in the Alliance
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE (STC) RUSSIAN MEDDLING IN ELECTIONS AND REFERENDA IN THE ALLIANCE General Report by Susan DAVIS (United States) General Rapporteur 181 STC 18 E fin | Original: English | 18 November 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 1 II. RUSSIA’S MOTIVATIONS BEHIND MEDDLING IN ELECTIONS AND REFERENDA .......... 1 III. WHAT WE KNOW: RECENT RUSSIAN MEDDLING IN ALLIED COUNTRIES ..................... 4 A. THE UNITED STATES ................................................................................................. 4 B. THE UNITED KINGDOM .............................................................................................. 7 C. FRANCE ....................................................................................................................... 8 D. GERMANY ................................................................................................................... 8 E. SPAIN ........................................................................................................................... 9 F. THE NETHERLANDS ................................................................................................... 9 IV. POLICY RESPONSES AND THE WAY FORWARD ............................................................ 10 A. ELECTION INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................ 10 B. INFORMATION SYSTEMS ........................................................................................ -
Annual-Report-2018 Eng.Pdf
Russian International Affairs Council CONTENTS /01 GENERAL INFORMATION 4 /02 RIAC PROGRAM ACTIVITIES 16 /03 RIAC IN THE MEDIA 58 /04 RIAC WEBSITE 60 /05 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 62 3 Russian International ANNUAL REPORT 2018 Affairs Council The General Meeting of RIAC members is the The main task of the RIAC Scientific Council is to ABOUT THE COUNCIL supreme governing body of the Partnership. The formulate sound recommendations for strategic key function of the General Meeting is to ensure decisions in RIAC expert, research, and publishing The non-profit partnership Russian compliance with the goals of the Partnership. The activities. General Meeting includes 160 members of the International Affairs Council (NP RIAC) is Council. The Vice-Presidency was introduced to achieve 01 the goals of the Partnership in cooperation with a Russian membership-based non-profit The RIAC Board of Trustees is a supervisory body government bodies and local authorities of the organization. The partnership was established of the Partnership that monitors the activities of Russian Federation and foreign states, the Partnership and their compliance with the international organizations, and Russian and by the resolution of its founders pursuant statutory goals. foreign legal entities. The candidate for Vice- President is approved by the RIAC Presidium for a to Decree No. 59-rp of the President of the The Presidium of the Partnership is a permanent one-year term. Russian Federation “On the Establishment collegial governing body of the Partnership that consists of not less than five and no more than RIAC Corporate Members of the Non-Profit Partnership Russian fifteen members, including the President and According to the Charter, legal citizens of the the Director General of the Partnership, who Russian Federation or entities established in International Affairs Council” dated February 2, have a vote in the decision-making process. -
View/Open (13.5MB)
Open-Access-Publikation im Sinne der CC-Lizenz BY-NC-ND 4.0 © 2017, V&R unipress GmbH, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783847107620 – ISBN E-Lib: 9783737007627 ContemporaryIssues in International Security and Strategic Studies Volume 1 Edited by James Bindenagel, Matthias Herdegen and Karl Kaiser Open-Access-Publikation im Sinne der CC-Lizenz BY-NC-ND 4.0 © 2017, V&R unipress GmbH, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783847107620 – ISBN E-Lib: 9783737007627 James Bindenagel /Matthias Herdegen / Karl Kaiser (eds.) International Securityinthe 21st Century Germany’s International Responsibility With 2figures V&Runipress Bonn UniversityPress Open-Access-Publikation im Sinne der CC-Lizenz BY-NC-ND 4.0 © 2017, V&R unipress GmbH, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783847107620 – ISBN E-Lib: 9783737007627 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available online: http://dnb.d-nb.de. ISSN 2513-1591 ISBN 978-3-7370-0762-7 You can find alternative editions of this book and additional material on our website: www.v-r.de Publications of Bonn University Press are published by V& R unipress GmbH. 2017, V&R unipress GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Breite 6, 37079 Gçttingen, Germany / www.v-r.de This publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial- No Derivatives 4.0 International license, at DOI 10.14220/9783737007627. For a copy of this license go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Any use in cases -
View Final Report (PDF)
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY III INTRODUCTION 1 GENESIS OF THE PROJECT 1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1 INDUSTRY SITUATION 2 METHODOLOGY 3 GENERAL COMMENTS ON INTERVIEWS 5 APT1 (CHINA) 6 SUMMARY 7 THE GROUP 7 TIMELINE 7 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 9 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 9 APT10 (CHINA) 13 INTRODUCTION 14 THE GROUP 14 TIMELINE 15 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 16 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 18 COBALT (CRIMINAL GROUP) 22 INTRODUCTION 23 THE GROUP 23 TIMELINE 25 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 27 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 30 APT33 (IRAN) 33 INTRODUCTION 34 THE GROUP 34 TIMELINE 35 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 37 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 38 APT34 (IRAN) 41 INTRODUCTION 42 THE GROUP 42 SIPA Capstone 2020 i The Impact of Information Disclosures on APT Operations TIMELINE 43 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 44 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 48 APT38 (NORTH KOREA) 52 INTRODUCTION 53 THE GROUP 53 TIMELINE 55 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 59 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 61 APT28 (RUSSIA) 65 INTRODUCTION 66 THE GROUP 66 TIMELINE 66 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 69 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 71 APT29 (RUSSIA) 74 INTRODUCTION 75 THE GROUP 75 TIMELINE 76 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 79 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 81 COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS 84 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTOR RESPONSE 84 CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES 86 MEASURING THE SUCCESS OF DISCLOSURES 90 IMPLICATIONS OF OUR RESEARCH 92 FOR PERSISTENT ENGAGEMENT AND FORWARD DEFENSE 92 FOR PRIVATE CYBERSECURITY VENDORS 96 FOR THE FINANCIAL SECTOR 96 ROOM FOR FURTHER RESEARCH 97 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 98 ABOUT THE TEAM 99 SIPA Capstone 2020 ii The Impact of Information Disclosures on APT Operations EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This project was completed to fulfill the including the scope of the disclosure and capstone requirement for Columbia Uni- the disclosing actor. -
Russia's Role in the Horn of Africa
Russia Foreign Policy Papers “E O” R’ R H A SAMUEL RAMANI FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE • RUSSIA FOREIGN POLICY PAPERS 1 All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Author: Samuel Ramani The views expressed in this report are those of the author alone and do not necessarily reflect the position of the Foreign Policy Research Institute, a non-partisan organization that seeks to publish well-argued, policy- oriented articles on American foreign policy and national security priorities. Eurasia Program Leadership Director: Chris Miller Deputy Director: Maia Otarashvili Editing: Thomas J. Shattuck Design: Natalia Kopytnik © 2020 by the Foreign Policy Research Institute July 2020 OUR MISSION The Foreign Policy Research Institute is dedicated to producing the highest quality scholarship and nonpartisan policy analysis focused on crucial foreign policy and national security challenges facing the United States. We educate those who make and influence policy, as well as the public at large, through the lens of history, geography, and culture. Offering Ideas In an increasingly polarized world, we pride ourselves on our tradition of nonpartisan scholarship. We count among our ranks over 100 affiliated scholars located throughout the nation and the world who appear regularly in national and international media, testify on Capitol Hill, and are consulted by U.S. government agencies. Educating the American Public FPRI was founded on the premise that an informed and educated citizenry is paramount for the U.S. -
Informed Strategies of Political Action in IP-Based Social Media Andrea Knaut
Informed Strategies of Political Action in IP-Based Social Media Andrea Knaut To cite this version: Andrea Knaut. Informed Strategies of Political Action in IP-Based Social Media. 10th International Conference on Human Choice and Computers (HCC), Sep 2012, Amsterdam, Netherlands. pp.376-386, 10.1007/978-3-642-33332-3_35. hal-01525114 HAL Id: hal-01525114 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01525114 Submitted on 19 May 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Informed Strategies of Political Action in IP-based Social Media Andrea Knaut Informatik in Bildung und Gesellschaft, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany [email protected] Abstract. Political campaigning involves the intense usage of all possible media that the campaigners can afford to reach as many potential supporters as possible. Networked information technologies provide an endless source of applications and means of communication. When using computer technologies as a campaigning medium, it is essential to carefully assess the efforts concerning infrastructural and social requirements in consideration of the benefits gained. Therefore, the intertwined dimensions of political campaigning – content, infrastructure, community, protection of activists, planning, and archiving – are discussed as related to the involvement of IP-based media. -
Building a Personal Political Brand Using Facebook and Instagram Advertising
BUILDING A PERSONAL POLITICAL BRAND USING FACEBOOK AND INSTAGRAM ADVERTISING Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics Master’s Thesis 2020 Author: Tommi Puomisto Subject: Digital Marketing and Corporate Communication Supervisor: Heikki Karjaluoto ABSTRACT Author Tommi Puomisto Title Building a personal political brand using Facebook and Instagram advertising Subject Type of work Digital Marketing and Corporate Master’s thesis Communication Date Number of pages 16.6.2020 86 The how and where of political marketing and branding has changed significantly in the past decade. Social networking sites are increasingly used by actors like political parties to brand themselves and interact digitally with voters in real-time. While political branding has been researched extensively from the external perspective of the audience, the internal perspective, “brand identity”, and especially that of individual politicians has remained under-researched, thus presenting a potential research gap. The goal of this thesis is to increase the understanding of the role of Facebook and Instagram advertising in building a personal political brand from the internal perspective of the brand owner and internal stakeholders, therefore addressing the call for further research on the internal perspective of branding. This study is a mixed methods research and was carried out as a single case study. The case was an election campaign of a single political candidate in the Finnish parliamentary elections of 2019. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews, which were processed through the thematic analysis approach. Quantitative secondary performance data of the campaign’s social media advertising was then analyzed and compared with the findings of the qualitative thematic analysis. -
Reporting, and General Mentions Seem to Be in Decline
CYBER THREAT ANALYSIS Return to Normalcy: False Flags and the Decline of International Hacktivism By Insikt Group® CTA-2019-0821 CYBER THREAT ANALYSIS Groups with the trappings of hacktivism have recently dumped Russian and Iranian state security organization records online, although neither have proclaimed themselves to be hacktivists. In addition, hacktivism has taken a back seat in news reporting, and general mentions seem to be in decline. Insikt Group utilized the Recorded FutureⓇ Platform and reports of historical hacktivism events to analyze the shifting targets and players in the hacktivism space. The target audience of this research includes security practitioners whose enterprises may be targets for hacktivism. Executive Summary Hacktivism often brings to mind a loose collective of individuals globally that band together to achieve a common goal. However, Insikt Group research demonstrates that this is a misleading assumption; the hacktivist landscape has consistently included actors reacting to regional events, and has also involved states operating under the guise of hacktivism to achieve geopolitical goals. In the last 10 years, the number of large-scale, international hacking operations most commonly associated with hacktivism has risen astronomically, only to fall off just as dramatically after 2015 and 2016. This constitutes a return to normalcy, in which hacktivist groups are usually small sets of regional actors targeting specific organizations to protest regional events, or nation-state groups operating under the guise of hacktivism. Attack vectors used by hacktivist groups have remained largely consistent from 2010 to 2019, and tooling has assisted actors to conduct larger-scale attacks. However, company defenses have also become significantly better in the last decade, which has likely contributed to the decline in successful hacktivist operations. -
Reel-Multimedia.Ch
reel-multimedia.ch TV - Programme Nr. Name Sprache Nr. Name Sprache Nr. Name Sprache 1 SRF 1 HD dt. 63 intv HD dt. 125 Uninettuno University ital. 2 SRF 2 HD dt. 64 Reg. Fernsehen HD dt. 126 Rai Gulp ital. 3 SRF-Info HD dt. 65 Ulm-Algäu HD dt. 127 Class TV Moda ital. 4 3 plus dt. 66 Bibel TV HD dt. 128 RTL 102.5 HD ital. 5 RTS Un HD franz. 67 K-TV dt. 129 Radio Italia TV HD ital. 6 RTS Deux HD franz. 68 n-tv dt. 130 Radionorba TV ital. 7 RSI LA 1 HD ital. 69 Welt dt. 131 TVE Inter. span. 8 RSI LA 2 HD ital. 70 N24 Docu dt. 132 24 Horas span. 9 Das Erste HD dt. 71 Euronews German SD dt. 133 RT Esp HD span. 10 tagesschau 24 HD dt. 72 Eurosport 1 dt. 134 Telesur span. 11 One HD dt. 73 Sport 1 dt. 135 TVGA span. 12 ZDF HD dt. 74 SKY Sport News HD dt. 136 Canal sur A. span. 13 ZDF info HD dt. 75 Astro TV dt. 137 Extremadura SAT span. 14 ZDF_neo HD dt. 76 Immer etwas Neues dt. 138 Hispan TV span. 15 Südwest BW HD dt. 77 Sonnenklar HD dt. 139 Cubavision span. 16 Südwest RP HD dt. 78 HSE 24 HD dt. 140 RTPI port. 17 SR Fernsehen HD dt. 79 QVC HD dt. 141 TV Record port. 18 Bayerisches FS HD dt. 80 Juwelo HD dt. 142 Dubai Intern. HD arab. 19 ARD-alpha dt.