C00174635 Page: 22 of 135 UNCLASSIFIED
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Nproliferation Review Is Unable to Russia & Republics Nuclear Industry, 5/25/94, P
Nuclear Developments 15 NEWLY-INDEPENDENT ST ATES 3/17/94 ARMENIA WITH THE FORMER A secondary agreement is signed in Mos- SOVIET UNION ARMENIA cow between Russian First Deputy Minis- ter Oleg Soskovets and Armenian Prime 4/4/94 Minister Grant Bagratyan regarding the The Romanian newspaper Romania Libera renovations and reactivation of the Metsamor publishes allegations that the former Soviet INTERNAL DEVELOPMENTS nuclear power plant. The agreement will Union may have used a seismic weapon create an intergovernmental committee for called the Elipton to trigger a major earth- 2/94 the renovation project. Minatom and quake in Armenia. According to the article, Armenia’s Minister of Energy and Fuel Re- Gosatomnadzor will represent Russia on the U.S. military intelligence experts noted that sources Miron Sheshmanali reports that it committee, while the Armenian Energy the earthquake occurred at a time when the is essential for the rebuilding of Armenia’s Ministry and the Armenian State Director- Soviet authorities would have wanted to power generating industry to restart the ate for the Supervision of Nuclear Energy destroy Armenia's nuclear industry in or- nuclear power plant. will represent Armenia. Russia will pro- der to ensure the republic's continued de- Novosti, 5/2/94; in Russia & CIS Today, 5/2/94, vide nuclear fuel, engineering services, as- No. 0315, p. 9 (11154). pendence on the USSR. sistance in the development of a nuclear Oana Stanciulescu, Romania Libera (Bucharest), 4/ power management structure in Armenia, 4/94, p.1; in FBIS-SOV-94-068, 4/8/94, pp. 25-26 and technical servicing of the power station. -
A 2020 Vision for the Black Sea Region a Report by the Commission on the Black Sea
A 2020 Vision for the Black Sea Region A Report by the Commission on the Black Sea www.blackseacom.eu An initiative of: The Black eaS Trust for Regional Cooperation A 2020 Vision for the Black Sea Region A Report by the Commission on the Black Sea Contents Why read this Report? 4 What is the Commission on the Black Sea? 7 Executive Summary 12 Резюме выводов 15 Yönetici Özeti 19 The Report Introduction: The State of Play 22 Peace and Security 28 Economic Development and Welfare 31 Democratic Institutions and Good Governance 34 Regional Cooperation 36 Conclusions 38 Policy Recommendations 40 The Black Sea in Figures 45 Abbreviations 65 Initiators 67 The Rapporteurs, Editor and Acknowledgements 69 Imprint 70 3 Why read this Report? Why read this Report? … because the Black Sea matters The Black Sea region is coming into its own - but it is a contested and sometimes dangerous neighbourhood. It has undergone countless political transformations over time. And now, once again, it is becoming the subject of an intense debate. This reflects the changing dynamics of the Black Sea countries and the complex realities of their politics and conflicts, economies and societies. Geography, the interests of others and the region’s relations with the rest of the world in large part explain its resurgence. Straddling Europe and Asia, the Black Sea links north to south and east to west. Oil, gas, transport and trade routes are all crucial in explaining its increasing relevance. In the last two decades the Black Sea has changed beyond recognition. We have witnessed the transformation of the former communist societies and the impact of globalisation. -
Information As a Public Service
2019 ANNUAL REPORT INFORMATION AS A PUBLIC SERVICE Cover photo: A man identified as Georgy Oganezov is forcibly detained by Russian riot police in Moscow on August 3, 2019, while being interviewed on Current Time. Photo: Andrei Zolotov (MBKh Media) This report is submitted pursuant to Section 305(a) of the International Broadcasting Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-236). U.S. Agency for Global Media | 2019 Annual Report | 1 Overview and Impact ...................................2 Mission ........................................... 3 Languages ......................................... 3 Audience ..........................................4 Networks ..........................................6 Independence ......................................9 Threats to Our Journalists ............................... 10 Imprisoned and Missing Journalists ..................... 14 Transmissions and Broadcasting ......................... 16 Radio ............................................ 17 TV .............................................. 17 Digital (Web and Social Media Platforms) ................ 18 Affiliates ......................................... 18 Internet Freedom .....................................20 Providing Public Service Media .......................... 22 Impartial News Coverage ............................. 23 Unique Programming ...............................28 A Forum for Discussion .............................. 33 Reflects Underrepresented Voices ...................... 37 Media Development ...................................44 Outreach -
Title of Thesis: ABSTRACT CLASSIFYING BIAS
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis Directed By: Dr. David Zajic, Ph.D. Our project extends previous algorithmic approaches to finding bias in large text corpora. We used multilingual topic modeling to examine language-specific bias in the English, Spanish, and Russian versions of Wikipedia. In particular, we placed Spanish articles discussing the Cold War on a Russian-English viewpoint spectrum based on similarity in topic distribution. We then crowdsourced human annotations of Spanish Wikipedia articles for comparison to the topic model. Our hypothesis was that human annotators and topic modeling algorithms would provide correlated results for bias. However, that was not the case. Our annotators indicated that humans were more perceptive of sentiment in article text than topic distribution, which suggests that our classifier provides a different perspective on a text’s bias. CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Gemstone Honors Program, University of Maryland, 2018 Advisory Committee: Dr. David Zajic, Chair Dr. Brian Butler Dr. Marine Carpuat Dr. Melanie Kill Dr. Philip Resnik Mr. Ed Summers © Copyright by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang 2018 Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to our mentor, Dr. -
Kremlin-Linked Forces in Ukraine's 2019 Elections
Études de l’Ifri Russie.Nei.Reports 25 KREMLIN-LINKED FORCES IN UKRAINE’S 2019 ELECTIONS On the Brink of Revenge? Vladislav INOZEMTSEV February 2019 Russia/NIS Center The Institut français des relations internationales (Ifri) is a research center and a forum for debate on major international political and economic issues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is a non-governmental, non-profit organization. As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishing its findings regularly for a global audience. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political and economic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renowned experts to animate its debate and research activities. The opinions expressed in this text are the responsibility of the author alone. ISBN: 978-2-36567-981-7 © All rights reserved, Ifri, 2019 How to quote this document: Vladislav Inozemtsev, “Kremlin-Linked Forces in Ukraine’s 2019 Elections: On the Brink of Revenge?”, Russie.NEI.Reports, No. 25, Ifri, February 2019. Ifri 27 rue de la Procession 75740 Paris Cedex 15—FRANCE Tel. : +33 (0)1 40 61 60 00—Fax : +33 (0)1 40 61 60 60 Email: [email protected] Website: Ifri.org Author Dr Vladislav Inozemtsev (b. 1968) is a Russian economist and political researcher since 1999, with a PhD in Economics. In 1996 he founded the Moscow-based Center for Post-Industrial Studies and has been its Director ever since. In recent years, he served as Senior or Visiting Fellow with the Institut fur die Wissenschaften vom Menschen in Vienna, with the Polski Instytut Studiów Zaawansowanych in Warsaw, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik in Berlin, the Center for Strategic and International Studies, and the Johns Hopkins University in Washington. -
Potential Consequences of the China-India Border
05.10.2020-11.10.2020 • No: 275 7 POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE CHINA-INDIA BORDER DISPUTE The border dispute that started on May 5, conflicts among themselves without turn- of both Beijing and New Delhi since it 2020, along the Line of Actual Control ing them into a border war. The reasons may escalate many regional issues. For (LAC) on the border of China and India, for this can be found in the global geo- China, a potential border war with India the two most populous countries in the economic environment in general and the may not only endanger security and sta- world, cause the existing tensions in Bei- current trade-economic relations and stra- bility in the Tibet region but also foment jing-New Delhi relations to increase tegic priorities of China and India in par- China-Bhutan border disputes. For in- again. In particular, on June 15, 2020, a ticular. stance, it is no coincidence that the news clash took place between soldiers of the From a geo-economic perspective, the of the death of an ethnic Tibetan soldier two sides in the Galwan river valley in the global economic recession, especially in serving in the Indian army emerged dur- Ladakh region. The deaths of 20 Indian the last few years, slowed the export-led ing the China-India border conflict. Tak- and 43 Chinese soldiers in the conflict is economic growth of both China and In- ing into account that today around the first such bloodshed in the last 45 dia. Beijing strived to focus more on eco- 100,000 ethnic Tibetans live in India and years in the border region. -
C05516700.Pdf
'C00175067 Page: 116 of 170 UNCLASSIFIED Document 61 CLAS UNCLASSIFIED CLAS UNCLASSIFIED APSN TB1506101591C PROM PaIS LONDON UK SUBJ TAKEALL-- Comllst: Moscow Consolidated 14 Jun 91 Full Text Super zone of Message 1 GLOBAL 2 1 "intl situation: questions and answers": viktor levin on nato's future as discussed in recent bessmertnykh-genscher talks (4 min, sent); in reply to two letters which regret loss of eastern europe to socialism and note onset of anarchy and famine there, gubernatorov talks to k. pat syuk , who does not believe that all the sacrificies made by soviet ppl to secure victory in VVII were made only to split germany and its ppl for an indefinite period and to try to implant soviet ways in europe (5 min); civil engineer from krasnodar kray asks why usa is so stubbornly seeking to retain their military bases in philippines? gubernatorov quotes armitage as saying that u.s. future is linked with asia, further quotes from intl herald tribune and u.s. marine general grey (4 min); letter from ventspils raises question of use of force abroad by usa on pretext of defending its interests, gubernator quotes from nixon's book "real war," published in 1980 in which he exhorts his successors on need to learn to make effective use of force for defending u.s. interests, casey quoted on range of these interests, quotes from white house document for u.s. ambassadors and cia issued 10 yeara ago as guide for action, from shultz stmt in '83 on usa having sent armed forces to developing countries VVII (5 min); gubernatorov chats to sergey pravdin in reply to kiev teacher's question about circumstances in which u.s. -
Russian Military Thinking and Threat Perception: a Finnish View
CERI STRATEGY PAPERS N° 5 – Séminaire Stratégique du 13 novembre 2009 Russian Military Thinking and Threat Perception: A Finnish View Dr. Stefan FORSS The author is a Finnish physicist working as Senior Researcher at the Unit of Policy Planning and Research at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and as Adjunct Professor at the Department of Strategic and Defence Studies at the National Defence University in Helsinki. The views expressed are his own. Introduction “The three main security challenges for Finland today are Russia, Russia and Russia. And not only for Finland, but for all of us.”1 This quote is from a speech by Finnish Minister of Defence Jyri Häkämies in Washington in September 2007. His remarks were immediately strongly criticised as inappropriate and it was pointed out that his view didn’t represent the official position of the Finnish Government. Mr. Häkämies seemed, however, to gain in credibility a month later, when a senior Russian diplomat gave a strongly worded presentation about the security threats in the Baltic Sea area in a seminar organised by the Finnish National Defence University and later appeared several times on Finnish television.2 The message sent was that Finnish membership in NATO would be perceived as a military threat to Russia. This peculiar episode caused cold shivers, as it reminded us of unpleasant experiences during the post-war period. The Russian military force build-up and the war in Georgia in August 2008 was the ultimate confirmation for all of Russia’s neighbours, that the Soviet-style mindset is not a thing of the past. -
Naval Postgraduate School Thesis
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS A STUDY OF THE RUSSIAN ACQUISITION OF THE FRENCH MISTRAL AMPHIBIOUS ASSAULT WARSHIPS by Patrick Thomas Baker June 2011 Thesis Advisor: Mikhail Tsypkin Second Reader: Douglas Porch Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2011 Master‘s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS A Study of the Russian Acquisition of the French Mistral Amphibious Assault Warships 6. AUTHOR(S) Patrick Thomas Baker 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. -
Reform of the Latvian Public Media in the Perspective of Developing
Tomasz Fraszczyk Reform of the Latvian public media in the perspective of developing modern content distribution technologies, evolution of user needs and complicated Latvia–Russia relations KEY WORDS Latvia, public media, media policy, new media, Russia ABSTRACT The article presents an outline of the evolution of the Latvian audiovisual media market (after 1988), the influence of the 2009 market crash on media entities (including those public) and key discussion topics and decisions made as a result of the crisis by Latvian institutions responsible for the media landscape. Detailed attention will be given to the new law on electronic mass media (in force from 2011) and those elements of the public media system reform project (announced in 2013), that are an outcome of the dynamic development of new content distribution technologies and changing user needs and habits, especially in younger age groups. The final part of the work will concern the complicated Latvia–Russia relations and the multi-aspect contribution of mass media in their shaping. The conclusion indicates a broad scope of discussion and analytical works in Latvia concerning the reform of public media, which suggests it will not be abandoned in the following years. In the beginning of January 2013, the Latvian National Electronic Mass Media Council (NEPL Padome) published a new strategy for the public radio (LR) and television (LTV). It aims to rebuild the position of the public service broadcasters (LSM) after the severe crisis of 2009–2010, which had seriously damaged not only the finances but also the market position of these institutions. In the youngest age groups, these shares are the smallest by far and do not exceed 20 % for the television and 8 % for the radio1. -
02 Intro.Indd
AUGUST 1991 Introduction: Coup de Grâce? Ann E. Robertson The collapse of the Soviet N August 4, 1991, Soviet president Mikhail Gor- Obachev left for the Crimea, to relax at his newly con- Union was the product of a structed dacha in Foros. Russian president Boris Yeltsin retired to his dacha, a two-story building outside Moscow. multifaceted struggle for power Both leaders planned to return to work by August 20 to between the center (Moscow) sign a controversial new Union treaty. At the same time, opponents of the treaty were meet- and the extensive periphery. ing in secret near Moscow, debating whether to pre-empt the ceremony. These men held high-ranking positions in The August putsch was the all-Union institutions, such as the military, police, and critical tipping point at which intelligence services, and their power bases would be drastically reduced under the new confederal union. With the advantage shifted from the August 20 deadline looming, they resolved to seize power, overthrow Gorbachev, and preserve the Soviet Gorbachev to Yeltsin. Union. They failed on all counts. After the attempted coup failed, the editors of Problems of Communism solicited contributions for a special issue focusing on the August events. Starting from the assump- tion that “the swift, bloodless collapse of this abortive ‘state of emergency’ accelerated the very processes that the plotters hoped to block or reverse and effectively administered the coup de grâce to seven decades of Bol- shevik rule,”1 seven noted scholars were asked to analyze the August events and “reflect on the political, economic, social, and foreign policy ramifications of the disintegra- tion of the Soviet Union.”2 Their studies covered events through mid-October, when the November/December 1991 issue went to press. -
DOCUMENT RESUME Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of The
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 401 563 CS 215 571 TITLE Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (79th, Anaheim, CA, August 10-13, 1996). International Communications Division. INSTITUTION Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication. PUB DATE Aug 96 NOTE 441p.; For other sections of these proceedings, see CS 215 568-580. PUB TYPE Collected Works Conference Proceedings (021) EDRS PRICE MFO1 /PC18 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Advertising; Agenda Setting; Anti Semitism; Case Studies; Content Analysis; *Development Communication; *Foreign Countries; Global Approach; Ideology; Journalism Research; Models; Newspapers; *Privatization; Publishing Industry; Telecommunications; World Wide Web IDENTIFIERS *Media Coverage; New York Times; Washington Post ABSTRACT The international communications section of the Proceedings contains the following 14 papers: "Spinning Stories: Latin America and the World Wide Web" (Eliza Tanner); "Private-Enterprise Broadcasting and Accelerating Dependency: Case Studies from Nigeria and Uganda" (Folu Folarin Ogundimu); "The Transitional Media System of Post-Communist Bulgaria" (Ekaterina Ognianova); "Comparing Canadian and U.S. Press Coverage of the Gulf Crisis: The Effects of Ideology in an International Context" (James E. Mollenkopf and Nancy Brendlinger); "Privatization in Indian Telecommunications: A Pragmatic Solution to Socialist Inertia" (Divya C. McMillin); "'Caribscope' -A Forum for Development News?" (Lisa A. McClean); "Ideology and Market: