California Highways and Public Works, May-June 1950
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California Highways and Publiu Works Public Works Suilding Official Journal of the Division of Highways, Twelfth and N Streets Department of Public Works, State of California Sacramento CHARLES H. PURCELL GEORGE T. McCOY Director State Highway Engineer KENNETH C. ADAMS, Editor HELEN HALSTED, Associate Editor Published in the interest of highway development in Cali· farnia. Editors of newspapers and others are privileged to use matter contained herein. Cuts will be gladly loaned upon request. Address Communications fo CALIFORNIA HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC WORKS P. O. Box 1499 Sacramento, California Vol. 29 May-June Nos. 5, 6 Page This Photo Shows Section of Four-lane Divided Highway on U. S. 101 Between Oxnard and EI Rio Junction Cover Photo by John Shaver, Public Works Photographic Section, M. R. Nickerson, Chief Auburn Study Shows Freeway Benefits Business, Illustrated _ By W. Stanley Young, Headquarters Right of Way Agent Progress of California Freeway Program 7 By Harrison R. Boker, Member of California Highway Commission Robert E. Reed, Chief Counsel of DepartmenL__________ 8 In Memoriam-Clifton R. Montgomery .__________________ 9 Forest Roads, Illustrated .. ~__ 10 By J. H. Obermuller, Assistant Planning Engineer District Engineer F. W. Haselwood Retires, Illustrated ~--- 19 Congestion Relief, Illustrated 22 By J. M. Cowgill, District Planning Engineer New Unit of Bayshore Freeway, Illustrated___________________________________ 26 San Fernando Hig hway Construction, Illustrated________________________________________________ 28 By F. E. Sturgeon, Resident Engineer Ram 0 na Freeway, III ustrated .. _ 30 By Roy Cooley and H. R. Lendecke, Resident Engineers Santa Ana Freeway, III ustrated . _ 32 .. By J. W. Green, Southern Representative, Bridge Deportment Fluorescent Highway Intersection Lighting, Illustrated __ 33 By F. M. Corter, Senior Highway Engineer, and Roy W. Matthews, Associate Electrical Engineer Erosion Control, Illustrated .. --------- ..__ .. _ 34 By H. Dona Bowers, Supervising Landscape Architect j Pris'on La bor, Illustrated --------------- - - __ _ _ 41 By G. A. Tilton, Jr., Supervising Highway Engineer I New Cement-treated Base Road-mixed Method, Illustrated - _ 46 By H. W. Benedict, Assistant Highway Engineer 48 1 In Memoriam-Robert M. Haverstick_ ------------------------- I An Englishman Writes on Federal Aid_ 49 The California Highway Hand Shovel, IIlustrated . _ 52 By H. L. Ferron, Assistant Stores Engineer Robert M. Shill ito Named Assistant to Public Works ChieL_ 54 Hig hway Bids and Awards_______ _ ._______ 56 .. j Economic Survey of Placer Covnty u urn ~ Freeway Shows Business Benefrts By W. STANLEY YOUNG, Headquarters Right of Way Agent BY-Pnssrxe the business section of Auburn has depended on agriculture wide selection of recreation goods, and the mountain city of Auburn, Placer as its principal source of income, but also because Auburn is about half way County, two years ago with a freeway supposedly also with considerable re- in driving time between Lake Tahoe presented the Division of Highways liance on the stream of highway traffic and the Bay area. with an excellent opportunity to learn which had previously passed along its what effects on business and property main streets. Business Benefited values can reasonably be expected Being a gateway to the Lake Tahoe What would be the results of the whenever the typical small highway recreation area with its two seasons of installation of the freeway completely city has nonbuying through trafFic appeal—skiing in winter and vacation- by-passing the business section of removed. ing in summer—as well. as located on a Auburn? Very few people in Auburn By studying the volume of traffic on main transcontinental route, Auburn doubted that it would benefit the city the highway and within the city before was in an excellent position to derive generally, but many feared for the and after installation of the freeway considerable income from services to businesses of service stations, cafes and and comparing the volume of retail travelers. That this income is of con- bars which supposedly were deriving business of all businesses to a wider siderable significance is evidenced by a considerable portion of their income base during atwo-year period before the number of cafes, bars and service from the nonlocal motorist. stations existing within this city of and following the freeway opening, as This expectation appears to be population well by well as consideration of all the real under 5,000 as as rather generally held—especially by and quantity of estate sales and other influencing fac- the type merchandise, those persons not operating these such as ski togs, camping supplies, fish- tors, it has been possible to evolve a particular types of business. fairly accurate answer to the question ing tackle and hunting equipment of what effects a freeway installation which is stocked in the various stores, Our completed factual study, in which around a city has on the retail busi- well in excess of local needs. all the retail sales of the stores along the main streets in Auburn during the two-year nesses and property values. ski enthusiasts Many vacationists and period preceding opening of the freeway from the San Francisco Bay area were and two-year period following Serves Recreational Motorists the its regular customers of the Auburn opening, are compared to the sta#e-wide Typical of many small cities along merchants, probably because of the average for each type of business, has our highways throughout the State, friendly service and availability of a definitely established that all types of busi- Map showing the old and new routes through Auburn. Sections A and B represent the cenfier of business activity. Section C is the old section of Auburn near the freeway. 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N~`4 ~ ~..]1f.: .. _....~rnW1Q.:... 1.G' -'v.J~~1i.u~. ~f' _._ ~ ra ~1Y'. _~. ~_ ~. - __ 2 California HiShway~ ness were benefited by removal of the non remained fairly constant, the reasonable year period before and the two-year buying traffic from the congested city expectancy was a severe drop in gasoline period following the freeway. streets. sales in Auburn, all other factors being It was found that prior to the free While all retail business in the State as unchanged in relationship. way the Grass Valley store had been a whole showed an increase of 14 percent Despite this poor outlook, service sta running about 5 percent more in gross since the end of 1947, the over-all volume tions, as stated before, far outstripped of business in Auburn increased 17 per service stations on the average throughout sales volume than the store in Auburn. cent. the State in retail sales and compared At the precise time that the Auburn Service Stations Helped favorably in number of gallons of gaso free\vay opened the comparison be tween these stores almost exactly Service stations disclosed the greatest line sold. reversed, so that the Auburn store benefits due to the freeway by regis General Business Increase' has since been grossing consistently tering a gain of 17 percent in gross Cafes and bars, when compared to approximately 5 percent more than the retail sales compared to a loss of 4 per the state-wide average, also were Grass Valley store. cent on the state-wide average. How found to be in a better position in ever, the number of gallons of gasoline Other Factors spite of a poorer expectancy based on sold to service stations in Auburn dur general local economic conditions. The excellent trend of retail business ing the two years following the free During the two-year period cafes and in Auburn becomes even more appar way opening paralleled almost exactly bars in Auburn averaged a 6 percent ent when the other factors in business the state-wide average by showing a loss in gross volume while the state fluctuations are compared to the same 10 percent drop in volume sold. wide figure was an 11 percent loss. factors on a state-wide basis. Consideration of the general volume of traffic in the vicinity of Auburn as The classification, "All other businesses," Population in the vicinity of Auburn compared to traffic volume throughout which includes drug, department, variety, based on assessment rolls, school enroll grocery, apparel stores and the like, en the State is necessary in order to appre ment, employment rolls and Chamber joyed an increase of 20 percent in gross ciate the fact that Auburn service sta of Commerce estimates, has increased volume of business, which was exactly the between 5 and 6 percent.