Leaders for a New Africa
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Managing Ethiopia's Transition
Managing Ethiopia’s Unsettled Transition $IULFD5HSRUW1 _ )HEUXDU\ +HDGTXDUWHUV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ULVLV*URXS $YHQXH/RXLVH %UXVVHOV%HOJLXP 7HO )D[ EUXVVHOV#FULVLVJURXSRUJ Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Anatomy of a Crisis ........................................................................................................... 2 A. Popular Protests and Communal Clashes ................................................................. 3 B. The EPRDF’s Internal Fissures ................................................................................. 6 C. Economic Change and Social Malaise ....................................................................... 8 III. Abiy Ahmed Takes the Reins ............................................................................................ 12 A. A Wider Political Crisis .............................................................................................. 12 B. Abiy’s High-octane Ten Months ................................................................................ 15 IV. Internal Challenges and Opportunities ............................................................................ 21 A. Calming Ethnic and Communal Conflict .................................................................. -
Dismissed! Victims of 2015-2018 Brutal Crackdowns in the Democratic Republic of Congo Denied Justice
DISMISSED! VICTIMS OF 2015-2018 BRUTAL CRACKDOWNS IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO DENIED JUSTICE Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2020 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons Cover photo: “Dismissed!”. A drawing by Congolese artist © Justin Kasereka (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2020 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: AFR 62/2185/2020 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 2. METHODOLOGY 9 3. BACKGROUND: POLITICAL CRISIS 10 3.1 ATTEMPTS TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION 10 3.2 THE « GLISSEMENT »: THE LONG-DRAWN-OUT ELECTORAL PROCESS 11 3.3 ELECTIONS AT LAST 14 3.3.1 TIMELINE 15 4. VOICES OF DISSENT MUZZLED 19 4.1 ARBITRARY ARRESTS, DETENTIONS AND SYSTEMATIC BANS ON ASSEMBLIES 19 4.1.1 HARASSMENT AND ARBITRARY ARRESTS OF PRO-DEMOCRACY ACTIVISTS AND OPPONENTS 20 4.1.2 SYSTEMATIC AND UNLAWFUL BANS ON ASSEMBLY 21 4.2 RESTRICTIONS OF THE RIGHT TO SEEK AND RECEIVE INFORMATION 23 5. -
“We Will Crush You”
“We Will Crush You” The Restriction of Political Space in the Democratic Republic of Congo Copyright © 2008 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-405-2 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 64-66 Rue de Lausanne 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org November 2008 1-56432-405-2 “We Will Crush You” The Restriction of Political Space in the Democratic Republic of Congo Map of the Democratic Republic of Congo ................................................................ 1 I. Summary ............................................................................................................... 2 Methodology ....................................................................................................... 7 II. Recommendations ............................................................................................... 9 To the Congolese Government ............................................................................. 9 To the Congolese National Assembly and Senate .............................................. 10 To International Donors ..................................................................................... 10 To MONUC and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) 10 III. -
Democratic Republic of Congo: Background and U.S
Democratic Republic of Congo: Background and U.S. Relations name redacted Specialist in African Affairs July 5, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43166 Democratic Republic of Congo: Background and U.S. Relations Summary Since the 2003 conclusion of “Africa’s World War”—a conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) that drew in neighboring countries and reportedly caused millions of deaths—the United States and other donors have focused substantial resources on stabilizing the country. Smaller-scale insurgencies have nonetheless persisted in DRC’s densely-inhabited, mineral-rich eastern provinces, causing regional instability and a long-running humanitarian crisis. In recent years, political uncertainty at the national level has sparked new unrest. Elections due in 2016 have been repeatedly delayed, leaving President Joseph Kabila—who is widely unpopular—in office well past the end of his second five-year term. State security forces have brutally cracked down on anti-Kabila street protests. Armed conflicts have worsened in the east, while new crises have emerged in previously stable areas such as the central Kasai region and southeastern Tanganyika province. An Ebola outbreak in early 2018 added to the country’s humanitarian challenges, although it appears likely to be contained. The Trump Administration has maintained a high-level concern with human rights abuses and elections in DRC. It has simultaneously altered the U.S. approach in some ways by eliminating a senior Special Envoy position created under the Obama Administration and securing a reduction in the U.N. peacekeeping operation in DRC (MONUSCO). The United States remains the largest humanitarian donor in DRC and the largest financial contributor to MONUSCO. -
Ethiopia COI Compilation
BEREICH | EVENTL. ABTEILUNG | WWW.ROTESKREUZ.AT ACCORD - Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation Ethiopia: COI Compilation November 2019 This report serves the specific purpose of collating legally relevant information on conditions in countries of origin pertinent to the assessment of claims for asylum. It is not intended to be a general report on human rights conditions. The report is prepared within a specified time frame on the basis of publicly available documents as well as information provided by experts. All sources are cited and fully referenced. This report is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Every effort has been made to compile information from reliable sources; users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. © Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD An electronic version of this report is available on www.ecoi.net. Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD Wiedner Hauptstraße 32 A- 1040 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 1 58 900 – 582 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.redcross.at/accord This report was commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Division of International Protection. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it endorse, its content. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 4 1 Background information ......................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Geographical information .................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Map of Ethiopia ........................................................................................................... -
Democratic Republic of the Congo
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 27 JANUARY 2009 UK BORDER AGENCY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 27 JANUARY 2009 Contents_______________________________________ PREFACE LATEST NEWS EVENTS IN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, FROM 15 DECEMBER 2008 TO 22 JANUARY 2009 Paragraphs Background information 1. GEOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................1.01 Map - DRC.....................................................................................1.05 Eastern DRC.................................................................................1.06 2. ECONOMY .............................................................................................2.01 Natural resources........................................................................2.09 3. HISTORY ...............................................................................................3.01 History to 1997.............................................................................3.01 The Laurent Kabila Regime 1997................................................3.02 The Joseph Kabila Regime 2001.................................................3.04 4. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ............................................................................4.01 5. CONSTITUTION ........................................................................................5.01 6. POLITICAL SYSTEM ..................................................................................6.01 -
OAE7-112018.Pdf
Observatoire friqu de l’ st AEnjeux politiques & Esécuritaires L’Éthiopie d’Abiy Ahmed Ali : une décompression autoritaire Jeanne Aisserge chercheure indépendante & Jean-Nicolas Bach directeur du CEDEJ Khartoum (MEAE-CNRS, USR 3123) Note analyse 7 Novembre 2018 L’Observatoire de l’Afrique de l’Est (2017- 2010) est un programme de recherche coordonné par le Centre d’Etude et de Docu- mentation Economique, Juridique et Sociale de Khartoum (MAEDI-CNRS USR 3123) et le Centre de Recherches Internationales de Sciences Po Paris. Il se situe dans la continuité de l’Observa- toire de la Corne de l’Afrique qu’il remplace et dont il élargit le champ d’étude. L’Observatoire de l’Afrique de l’Est a vocation à réaliser et à diffuser largement des Notes d’analyse relatives aux questions politiques et sécuritaires contempo- raines dans la région en leur offrant d’une part une perspective histo- rique et d’autre part des fondements empiriques parfois négligées ou souvent difficilement accessibles. L’Observatoire est soutenu par la Direction Générale des Relations Internationales et de la Stratégie (ministère de la Défense français). Néanmoins, les propos énoncés dans les études et Observatoires commandés et pilotés par la DGRIS ne sauraient engager sa respon- sabilité, pas plus qu’ils ne reflètent une prise de position officielle du ministère de la Défense. Il s’appuie par ailleurs sur un large réseau de partenaires : l’Institut français des relations internationales, le CFEE d’Addis-Abeba, l’IFRA Nairobi, le CSBA, LAM-Sciences Po Bordeaux, et le CEDEJ du Caire. Les notes de l’Observatoire de l’Afrique de l’Est sont disponibles en ligne sur le site de Sciences Po Paris. -
Democratic Republic of Congo OGN V9.0 23 December 2008
Democratic Republic of Congo OGN v9.0 23 December 2008 OPERATIONAL GUIDANCE NOTE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1.1 – 1.4 2. Country assessment 2.1 – 2.10 3. Main categories of claims 3.1 – 3.5 Opposition political activists or members of former rebel forces 3.6 Members of non-government organisations (NGOs) 3.7 Non-Banyamulenge Tutsis 3.8 Banyamulenge Tutsis 3.9 General situation in the Ituri region: people of Hema or Lendu ethnicity 3.10 North Kivu 3.11 Prison conditions 3.12 4. Discretionary Leave 4.1 – 4.2 Minors claiming in their own right 4.3 Medical treatment 4.4 5. Returns 5.1 – 5.3 6. List of source documents 1. Introduction 1.1 This document evaluates the general, political and human rights situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and provides guidance on the nature and handling of the most common types of claims received from nationals/residents of that country, including whether claims are or are not likely to justify the granting of asylum, Humanitarian Protection or Discretionary Leave. Case owners must refer to the relevant Asylum Instructions for further details of the policy on these areas. 1.2 This guidance must also be read in conjunction with any COI Service DRC Country of Origin Information at: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/country_reports.html 1.3 Claims should be considered on an individual basis, but taking full account of the guidance contained in this document. In considering claims where the main applicant has dependent family members who are a part of his/her claim, account must be taken of the situation of all the dependent family members included in the claim in accordance with the Asylum Instructions on Article 8 ECHR. -
Kongon Demokraattinen Tasavalta: Tilannekatsaus, Kesäkuu 2020
Raportti MIG-2011301 06.03.00 23.07.2020 MIGDno-2020-725 KONGON DEMOKRAATTINEN TASAVALTA: TILANNEKATSAUS, KESÄKUU 2020 Tiivistelmä Tässä raportissa kuvataan Kongon demokraattisen tasavallan turvallisuusolosuhteita sekä poliittista ja humanitaarista tilannetta vuosina 2018−2020. Raportti keskittyy erityisesti keväällä 2020 tapahtuneisiin turvallisuusvälikohtauksiin ja aseellisen konfliktin vaikutuksiin siviiliväestölle. Kongon demokraattisessa tasavallassa vuosikymmeniä käynnissä ollut aseellinen konflikti painottuu erityisesti maan itäosiin Kivujen ja Iturin provinssiin. Syksyllä 2019 ja keväällä 2020 erityisesti ADF-, CODECO-, FDLR- ja NDC-kapinallisryhmittymien suorittamat iskut ovat kohdistuneet valtion turvallisuusjoukkojen lisäksi myös alueen siviiliväestöön. Keväällä 2020 väkivalta on levinnyt myös uusille alueille maan koillisosiin. Uhrien joukossa on ollut myös tiettyjen etnisten ryhmien edustajia. Pitkään alueella toimineiden aseellisten kapinallisryhmittymien lisäksi konfliktiin osallistuu myös paikallisia, osin etnisin perustein syntyneitä militioita ja kodinturvajoukkoja. YK:n mukaan Kongossa vallitsee edelleen korkeimman eli kolmannen tason humanitaarinen kriisi, ja keväällä 2020 noin 15,6 miljoonaa kongolaista maan 109 territoriossa oli edelleen puutteellisen elintarviketurvan piirissä ja ruoka-avun tarpeessa. Vuonna 2020 WFP:n humanitaarista apua on tarkoitus tarjota 7,6 miljoonalle kongolaiselle. Käynnissä olevan konfliktin takia yli 5,5 miljoonaa ihmistä on joutunut pakenemaan maan sisäisesti. YK:n turvallisuusneuvoston -
The Dynamics of the Amhara and Oromo Political Elites Contest and the Necessity of Bargaining
DSpace Institution DSpace Repository http://dspace.org Political Science Thesis and Dissertations 2021-07-22 THE DYNAMICS OF THE AMHARA AND OROMO POLITICAL ELITES CONTEST AND THE NECESSITY OF BARGAINING GENET, WORKINEH http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/12229 Downloaded from DSpace Repository, DSpace Institution's institutional repository BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES THE DYNAMICS OF THE AMHARA AND OROMO POLITICAL ELITES CONTEST AND THE NECESSITY OF BARGAINING BY WORKINEH GENET YIHUNIE JUNE, 2021 BAHIR DAR, ETHIOPIA BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES THE DYNAMICS OF THE AMHARA AND OROMO POLITICAL ELITES CONTEST AND THE NECESSITY OF BARGAINING A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE BY WORKINEH GENET YIHUNIE ADVISOR TADESSE AKLOG (Ph.D.) JUNE, 2021 BAHIR DAR, ETHIOPIA © Workineh Genet June, 2021 BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES THE DYNAMICS OF THE AMHARA AND OROMO POLITICAL ELITES CONTEST AND THE NECESSITY OF BARGAINING BY WORKINEH GENET Approved by Board of Examiners: …………………………… …. ………. …………………… Chair Person‘s Name Date Signature …………………………… …..……….. …………………… Internal Examiner‘s Name Date Signature ……………………………… ……………. …………………… External Examiner‘s Name Date Signature Declaration I, Workineh Genet, declare this thesis, titled; The Dynamics of the Amhara and Oromo Political Elites Contest and the Necessity of Bargaining, is my original work which has not been done by anyone and not submitted to any institution either for academic purpose or for policy frame work; and all the data sources consumed in this inquiry are acknowledged. -
How Prime Minister Abiy Envisions “New Ethiopia”: Moving Towards People's Reconciliation and Sustainable Economic Developm
Mitsui & Co. Global Strategic Studies Institute Monthly Report December 2019 HOW PRIME MINISTER ABIY ENVISIONS “NEW ETHIOPIA”: MOVING TOWARDS PEOPLE’S RECONCILIATION AND SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Tomomi Tokuori, EMEA & Russia Dept., Global Economic & Political Studies Div. Mitsui & Co. Global Strategic Studies Institute SUMMARY The vision for a “New Ethiopia” aspired to by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed is as follows: (1) Firmly establish democracy and achieve reconciliation among Ethiopia’s people; (2) Maintain the current level of strong economic growth and become a “low and middle-income country” by 2030; and (3) Promote the peace in the “Horn of Africa” region, which will be essential for the long-term stability of Ethiopia, and play a leading role in the region both politically and economically. The most pressing challenge facing Prime Minister Abiy is winning the May 2020 general election. After this, in the short term, he will pursue political and economic reforms and the full-scale launch of infrastructure projects. In the medium-to-long term, his aims are to establish export-driven agriculture and manufacturing industries to increase employment and obtain foreign currency, and to make Ethiopia a continental-level manufacturing hub on the assumption of stability in the Horn of Africa region. Prime Minister Abiy’s leadership will be tested as Ethiopia accomplish reforms that will force pain on people. 1. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN ETHIOPIA AND THE BIRTH OF A NEW LEADER Before discussing the challenges facing the Abiy administration, let’s first take a brief look at the history of Ethiopia and the background to Prime Minister Abiy’s political appointment. -
Principalement Pour La Rdc)
No. REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO ETUDE DE BASE SUR LE PROGRAMME DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REGION DES GRANDS LACS (PRINCIPALEMENT POUR LA RDC) RAPPORT FINAL MARS 2007 AGENCE JAPONAISE DE COOPERATION INTERNATIONALE (JICA) NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. 4R JR 06-14 No. REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO ETUDE DE BASE SUR LE PROGRAMME DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REGION DES GRANDS LACS (PRINCIPALEMENT POUR LA RDC) RAPPORT FINAL MARS 2007 AGENCE JAPONAISE DE COOPERATION INTERNATIONALE (JICA) NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. 4R JR 06-14 Les cours d’échange employés dans ce rapport sont comme suit: Monnaie Cours d’échange Dollar américain($) ¥118,55 Euro(Eur) ¥155,08 Carte Générale de la Zone d’Etude Etude de base pour l’élaboration du Programme de l’assistance au développement en République Démocratique du Congo et dans la Région des Grands Lacs Rapport Final Tables des matières Carte Générale de la Zone d’Etude Page SECTION I INTRODUCTION CHAPITRE 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Arrière-plan de l’Etude............................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Objectifs .................................................................................................. 1-1 1.3 Zone d’étude............................................................................................ 1-2 SECTION II L’ETUDE DE BASE SUR LE PROGRAMME DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REGION DES GRANDS LACS CHAPITRE 2 L’ETUDE DE BASE ET LA RECHERCHE SUR LE PROGRAMME DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REGION DES GRANDS LACS 2.1 Prise de connaissance des politiques et des approches des pays africains sur la région des Grands Lacs................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Union Africaine(UA)............................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Communauté pour le développement de l’Afrique australe (SADC) ................................................................................... 2-2 2.1.3 Autres pays de l’Afrique..............................................................