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Principalement Pour La Rdc) No. REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO ETUDE DE BASE SUR LE PROGRAMME DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REGION DES GRANDS LACS (PRINCIPALEMENT POUR LA RDC) RAPPORT FINAL MARS 2007 AGENCE JAPONAISE DE COOPERATION INTERNATIONALE (JICA) NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. 4R JR 06-14 No. REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO ETUDE DE BASE SUR LE PROGRAMME DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REGION DES GRANDS LACS (PRINCIPALEMENT POUR LA RDC) RAPPORT FINAL MARS 2007 AGENCE JAPONAISE DE COOPERATION INTERNATIONALE (JICA) NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. 4R JR 06-14 Les cours d’échange employés dans ce rapport sont comme suit: Monnaie Cours d’échange Dollar américain（＄） ¥118,55 Euro（Eur） ¥155,08 Carte Générale de la Zone d’Etude Etude de base pour l’élaboration du Programme de l’assistance au développement en République Démocratique du Congo et dans la Région des Grands Lacs Rapport Final Tables des matières Carte Générale de la Zone d’Etude Page SECTION I INTRODUCTION CHAPITRE 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Arrière-plan de l’Etude............................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Objectifs .................................................................................................. 1-1 1.3 Zone d’étude............................................................................................ 1-2 SECTION II L’ETUDE DE BASE SUR LE PROGRAMME DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REGION DES GRANDS LACS CHAPITRE 2 L’ETUDE DE BASE ET LA RECHERCHE SUR LE PROGRAMME DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REGION DES GRANDS LACS 2.1 Prise de connaissance des politiques et des approches des pays africains sur la région des Grands Lacs................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Union Africaine（UA）............................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Communauté pour le développement de l’Afrique australe （SADC） ................................................................................... 2-2 2.1.3 Autres pays de l’Afrique............................................................... 2-2 2.2 Actions d’appui des principaux donateurs à la résolution des conflits de la région des Grands Lacs et leur tendance future...................................... 2-4 2.2.1 Activités de surveillance de l’armistice et d’exécution de l’accord de paix 2-4 2.2.2 Approche et tendance de l’aide humanitaire et de l’appui au développement ............................................................................ 2-5 2.3 Tendance du FDI...................................................................................... 2-12 2.4 L’orientation de la coopération (projet)..................................................... 2-13 i SECTION III L’ETUDE DE BASE POUR LA FORMULATION DU PROGRAMME DE RECONSTRUCTION ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO CHAPITRE 3 SOCIETE, ECONOMIE ET INVESTISSEMENTS 3.1 Situation politico-sociale.......................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Situation politique ........................................................................ 3-1 3.1.2 Relation Internationale.................................................................. 3-4 3.1.3 Situation sociale ........................................................................... 3-5 3.2 Situation économique............................................................................... 3-8 3.2.1 Aperçu général ............................................................................. 3-8 3.2.2 Structure économique ................................................................... 3-9 3.2.3 Situation économique de la Ville-province de Kinshasa et de la province du Bas-Congo ................................................................ 3-10 3.3 Situation des investissements et du développement par les entreprises intérieures et étrangères............................................................................ 3-12 3.3.1 Situation générale des investissements.......................................... 3-12 3.3.2 Situation des investissements et du développement pour la production des ressources minérales ............................................. 3-12 CHAPITRE 4 POLITIQUES ET PLANS EXISTANTS 4.1 Politiques et plans du Gouvernement de la RDC ...................................... 4-1 4.1.1 DSRP en général........................................................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Politiques du gouvernement de la RDC pour le développement des ressources naturelles par la mobilisation du secteur privé........ 4-8 4.2 Politiques et programmes des donateurs ................................................... 4-10 4.2.1 Cadre d’assistance au pays CAF (Country Assistance Framework).................................................. 4-10 4.2.2 Plans d’actions humanitaires des Nations-unies (HAP) 2007 ........ 4-15 4.2.3 Corrélation entre le CAF et le HAP2007....................................... 4-24 CHAPITRE 5 SITUATION ACTUELLE ET ORIENTATION DES ACTIONS D’AIDE FUTURES 5.1 Compréhension précise et l’analyse des projets demandés et des projets déjà réalisés par le financement du gouvernement du Japon.... 5-1 5.1.1 Compréhension précise et l’analyse des projets déjà realizes par le financement du gouvernement du Japon.............................. 5-1 5.1.2 Examen de la pertinence des projets demandés au gouvernement du Japon................................................................ 5-5 ii 5.2 Situation actuelle des activités d’aide des autres organisations.................. 5-5 5.2.1 Situation actuelle et les orientations pour le développement futur des actions de la MONUC ........................... 5-5 5.2.2 Situation actuelle des activités de soutien des autres bailleurs de fonds.......................................................................... 5-8 5.2.3 Situation détaillée des activités des organisations et bailleurs de fonds internationaux .................................................. 5-10 5.2.4 Situation détaillée de la coopération bilatérale .............................. 5-18 5.3 Orientations des aides futures................................................................... 5-24 CHAPITRE 6 POLITIQUE DE BASE SUR L’ASSISTANCE AU DÉVELOPPEMENT COMMUNAUTAIRE ET SOCIAL 6.1 Tendance et impact sociaux des réfugiés dans la Province-ville de Kinshasa et la Province du Bas-Congo ....................................................................... 6-1 6.1.1 Tendance et impact sociaux des réfugiés dans la Province-ville de Kinshasa 6-1 6.1.2 Impact social et tendance des réfugiés dans la Province de Bas-Congo 6-2 6.2 Organes administratifs et organisations communautaires de la Province-ville de Kinshasa et de la Province du Bas-Congo............................................ 6-5 6.2.1 Organes administratifs et organisations communautaires de la Province-ville de Kinshasa ........................................................... 6-5 6.2.2 Organes administratifs et organisations communautaires de la Province du Bas-Congo ................................................................ 6-6 6.3 Participation communautaire et problèmes de genre dans la Ville-Province de Kinshasa et la Province du Bas-Congo ......................... 6-10 6.3.1 Participation communautaire et problèmes de genre dans la Ville-Province de Kinshasa........................................................... 6-10 6.3.2 Participation communautaire et problèmes de genre dans la Province du Bas-Congo ................................................................ 6-12 6.4 Services sociaux de base et enquête des besoins sur le développement communautaire dans la Province-ville de Kinshasa et la Province du Bas-Congo ............................................................................................... 6-14 6.4.1 Services sociaux de base et enquête des besoins sur le développement communautaire dans la Province-ville de Kinshasa....................................................................................... 6-14 6.4.2 Services sociaux de base et enquête de besoins sur le développement communautaire dans la Province du Bas-Congo.................................................................................... 6-23 6.5 Politique de base pour l’assistance Japonaise en matière de développement communautaire dans la Province-ville de Kinshasa et la province du Bas-Congo ........................................................................ 6-27 6.5.1 Politique de base pour l’assistance Japonaise en matière de développement communautaire dans la Province- ville de Kinshasa .......................................................................... 6-27 iii 6.5.2 Politique de base pour l’assistance Japonaise en matière de développement communautaire dans la Province du Bas-Congo.................................................................................... 6-28 6.6 Partenariat avec les Bailleurs des Nations Unies sur des programmes de développement communautaire en cours .................................................. 6-31 CHAPITRE 7 ORIENTATION DE L’AIDE AUX INFRASTRUCTURES ECONOMIQUES (TRANSPORT, EAU, ELECTRICITE) 7.1 Situation actuelle des infrastructures économiques de la province-ville de Kinshasa et des alentours..................................................................... 7-1 7.1.1 Conditions naturelles .................................................................... 7-1 7.1.2 Transport ...................................................................................... 7-5 7.1.3 Alimentation en eau potable ......................................................... 7-14 7.1.4 Fourniture
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