DOCSLIB.ORG

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Democratic Republic of the Congo COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 8 FEBRUARY 2008 RDS-IND COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 8 FEBRUARY 2008 Contents PREFACE LATEST NEWS EVENTS IN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, FROM 1 FEBRUARY 2008 TO 7 FEBRUARY 2008 REPORTS ON DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 1 FEBRUARY 2008 AND 7 FEBRUARY 2008 Paragraphs Background information 1. GEOGRAPHY.......................................................................................1.01 Map - DRC ..................................................................................... 1.05 Eastern DRC ................................................................................. 1.06 2. ECONOMY...........................................................................................2.01 3. HISTORY.............................................................................................3.01 History to 1997..............................................................................3.01 The Laurent Kabila Regime 1997 ................................................3.02 The Joseph Kabila Regime 2001.................................................3.04 Events of 2007 ..............................................................................3.05 4. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS .....................................................................4.01 5. CONSTITUTION....................................................................................5.01 6. POLITICAL SYSTEM .............................................................................6.01 Government ..................................................................................6.07 Elections .......................................................................................6.28 Human Rights 7. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................7.01 8. SECURITY SITUATION - GENERAL .........................................................8.01 Eastern DRC............................................................................. 8.95 Ituri ............................................................................................ 8.116 North Kivu ................................................................................ 8.210 South Kivu................................................................................ 8.393 Katanga..................................................................................... 8.452 Kilwa October 2004.................................................................. 8.477 9. CRIME................................................................................................9.01 10. SECURITY FORCES.............................................................................10.01 Police.............................................................................................10.08 Arbitrary arrest and detention .................................................... 10.23 Torture ....................................................................................... 10.27 Armed forces ................................................................................10.35 Arbitrary arrest and detention .................................................... 10.46 Torture ....................................................................................... 10.47 Extra-judicial killings .................................................................. 10.50 Other government forces ............................................................10.56 11. MILITARY SERVICE .............................................................................11.01 Treatment of deserters and conscientious objectors............... 11.25 12. ABUSES BY NON-GOVERNMENT FORCES ............................................12.01 ii This Country of Origin Information Report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 8 February 2008. Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents. 8 FEBRUARY 2008 DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO Disarmament of foreign armed groups ......................................12.11 Torture...........................................................................................12.25 Forced conscription.....................................................................12.26 13. JUDICIARY Organisation .................................................................................13.01 Independence ...............................................................................13.07 Fair trial .........................................................................................13.11 Penal code ....................................................................................13.15 14. ARREST AND DETENTION – LEGAL RIGHTS ..........................................14.01 15. PRISON CONDITIONS ..........................................................................15.01 16. DEATH PENALTY ................................................................................16.01 17. POLITICAL AFFILIATION .....................................................................17.01 Freedom of political expression .................................................17.07 Letters of support from political parties ....................................17.08 Freedom of association and assembly ......................................17.09 Opposition groups and political activists..................................17.16 18. FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND MEDIA.......................................................18.01 Journalists ....................................................................................18.07 Newspapers ..................................................................................18.75 Newspaper articles.......................................................................18.82 Radio, television and the internet...............................................18.88 19. HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS, ORGANISATIONS AND ACTIVISTS General ..........................................................................................19.01 Treatment of non-government organisations (NGOs) .............. 19.26 Human rights activists.................................................................19.29 20. CORRUPTION .....................................................................................20.01 21. FREEDOM OF RELIGION Legal framework...........................................................................21.01 Religious groups ..........................................................................21.04 Bundu Dia Kongo .........................................................................21.05 Armée De Victoire (Army of Victory Church).............................21.15 Events of June 2003 and subsequently..................................... 21.19 Religious freedom ........................................................................21.27 22. ETHNIC GROUPS ................................................................................22.01 Ethnic issues ................................................................................22.06 Banyarwanda/Banyamulenge/Tutsis in Eastern DRC............... 22.12 Tutsis in Kinshasa........................................................................22.32 23. LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENDER PERSONS ................... 23.01 24. DISABILITY ........................................................................................24.01 25. WOMEN Legal rights ...................................................................................25.01 Political rights...............................................................................25.05 Social and economic rights.........................................................25.09 Female Genital Mutilation ...........................................................25.17 Violence against women..............................................................25.18 Witchcraft .....................................................................................25.58 26. CHILDREN Basic information .........................................................................26.01 Education ......................................................................................26.08 Child care ......................................................................................26.20 Child custody outside marriage……………………………………26.23 Child custody due to divorce.......................................................26.24 Divorce procedure & child custody accoding to common law 26.25 Transfer of child custody……………………………………………26.26 This Country of Origin Information Report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 8 February 2008. iii Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 8 FEBRUARY 2008 Recognition of Fatherhood………………………………………….26.27 Adoption………………………………………………………………..26.28 Adoption of a child less than 15 years of age…………………...26.29 Adoption of a child more than 15 years of age………………….26.30 Street children ..............................................................................26.31 Sexual exploitation.......................................................................26.38 Health issues ................................................................................26.43 Child labour ..................................................................................26.47
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Unhas Drc Schedule Effect
    UNHAS DRC FLIGHT SCHEDULE EFFECTIVE FROM SEPTEMBER 11th 2017 All Planned Flight Times are in LOCAL TIME: Kinshasa, Mbandaka, Brazzaville, Impfondo, Enyelle, Gemena, Libenge, Gbadolite, Zongo, Bangui (UTC + 1); All Other Destinations (UTC + 2) PASSENGERS ARE TO CHECK IN 2 HOURS BEFORE SCHEDULE TIME OF DEPARTURE - PLEASE NOTE THAT THE COUNTER WILL BE CLOSED 1 HOUR BEFORE TIME OF THE DEPARTURE MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY AIRCRAFT DESTINATION DEP ARR DESTINATION DEP ARR DESTINATION DEP ARR DESTINATION DEP ARR DESTINATION DEP ARR KINSHASA MBANDAKA 7:30 9:00 SPECIAL FLIGHTS KINSHASA BRAZZAVILLE 7:30 7:45 SPECIAL FLIGHTS KINSHASA MBANDAKA 7:30 9:00 SPECIAL FLIGHTS SPECIAL FLIGHTS UNO 113H MBANDAKA LIBENGE 9:30 10:30 BRAZZAVILLE MBANDAKA 8:45 10:15 MBANDAKA GBADOLITE 9:30 10:50 DHC8 LIBENGE ZONGO 11:00 11:20 MBANDAKA IMPFONDO 10:45 11:15 GBADOLITE BANGUI 11:20 12:05 5Y-STN ZONGO BANGUI 11:50 12:00 OR IMPFONDO ENYELLE 11:45 12:10 OR BANGUI LIBENGE 13:05 13:25 OR OR BANGUI GBADOLITE 13:00 13:45 ENYELLE MBANDAKA 12:40 13:30 LIBENGE MBANDAKA 13:55 14:55 GBADOLITE MBANDAKA 14:15 15:35 MBANDAKA BRAZZAVILLE 14:00 15:30 MBANDAKA KINSHASA 15:25 16:55 MBANDAKA KINSHASA 16:05 17:35 MAINTENANCE BRAZZAVILLE KINSHASA 16:00 16:15 MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE KINSHASA KANANGA 7:15 9:30 SPECIAL FLIGHTS KINSHASA GOMA 7:15 10:30 SPECIAL FLIGHTS KINSHASA KANANGA 7:15 9:30 SPECIAL FLIGHTS SPECIAL FLIGHTS UNO 213H KANANGA KALEMIE 10:00 11:05 GOMA KALEMIE 12:15 13:05 KANANGA GOMA 10:00 11:25 EMB-135 KALEMIE GOMA 11:45 12:35 OR KALEMIE
    [Show full text]
  • Working Together, Saving Lives
    Working Together, Saving Lives Integrated Final Report 2010–2015 Health Project in the Democratic Republic of Congo Project Name: Integrated Health Project in the Democratic Republic of Congo Cooperative Agreement Number: AID-OAA-A-10-00054 Contact information in DRC: Avenue des Citronniers, No. 4, Commune Gombe, Kinshasa Chief of Party: Dr. Ousmane Faye, +243 0992006180 Contact information in the US: 200 Rivers Edge Drive Medford, MA 02155 Director, Country Portfolio: Kristin Cooney, Tel: +1 617-250-9168 This report is made possible by the generous funding of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under Cooperative Agreement AID- OAA-A-10-00054. The contents are the responsibility of the Democratic Republic of Congo-Integrated Health Project and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. Cover Photo: Warren Zelman Report Design: Erin Dowling Design Working Together, Saving Lives Final Report: The Integrated Health Project in the Democratic Republic of Congo 2010–2015 Integrated Health Project in the Democratic Republic of Congo ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To acknowledge the roles of the many people Tuberculosis Program, the National Multisectoral Program who have contributed to this project, we borrow for HIV/AIDS Prevention, the National Program for the from African wisdom: If you want to go quickly, go Fight Against HIV/AIDS, the National Program on Diarrhea alone. If you want to go far, go together. There have Prevention, the National Program on Nutrition, the been times that we have needed to move quickly, National Communication Program for Health Promotion, but it never would have been possible without the National Reproductive Health Program, National the people who supported the project to go far.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the United Nations Mission in the DRC / MONUC – MONUSCO
    Assessing the of the United Nations Mission in the DRC / MONUC – MONUSCO REPORT 3/2019 Publisher: Norwegian Institute of International Affairs Copyright: © Norwegian Institute of International Affairs 2019 ISBN: 978-82-7002-346-2 Any views expressed in this publication are those of the author. Tey should not be interpreted as reflecting the views of the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs. Te text may not be re-published in part or in full without the permission of NUPI and the authors. Visiting address: C.J. Hambros plass 2d Address: P.O. Box 8159 Dep. NO-0033 Oslo, Norway Internet: effectivepeaceops.net | www.nupi.no E-mail: [email protected] Fax: [+ 47] 22 99 40 50 Tel: [+ 47] 22 99 40 00 Assessing the Efectiveness of the UN Missions in the DRC (MONUC-MONUSCO) Lead Author Dr Alexandra Novosseloff, International Peace Institute (IPI), New York and Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI), Oslo Co-authors Dr Adriana Erthal Abdenur, Igarapé Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Prof. Tomas Mandrup, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, and Royal Danish Defence College, Copenhagen Aaron Pangburn, Social Science Research Council (SSRC), New York Data Contributors Ryan Rappa and Paul von Chamier, Center on International Cooperation (CIC), New York University, New York EPON Series Editor Dr Cedric de Coning, NUPI External Reference Group Dr Tatiana Carayannis, SSRC, New York Lisa Sharland, Australian Strategic Policy Institute, Canberra Dr Charles Hunt, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Australia Adam Day, Centre for Policy Research, UN University, New York Cover photo: UN Photo/Sylvain Liechti UN Photo/ Abel Kavanagh Contents Acknowledgements 5 Acronyms 7 Executive Summary 13 Te effectiveness of the UN Missions in the DRC across eight critical dimensions 14 Strategic and Operational Impact of the UN Missions in the DRC 18 Constraints and Challenges of the UN Missions in the DRC 18 Current Dilemmas 19 Introduction 21 Section 1.
    [Show full text]
  • ACTIVE USG PROGRAMS for the DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC of the CONGO RESPONSE Last Updated 07/27/20
    ACTIVE USG PROGRAMS FOR THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO RESPONSE Last Updated 07/27/20 BAS-UELE HAUT-UELE ITURI S O U T H S U D A N COUNTRYWIDE NORTH KIVU OCHA IMA World Health Samaritan’s Purse AIRD Internews CARE C.A.R. Samaritan’s Purse Samaritan’s Purse IMA World Health IOM UNHAS CAMEROON DCA ACTED WFP INSO Medair FHI 360 UNICEF Samaritan’s Purse Mercy Corps IMA World Health NRC NORD-UBANGI IMC UNICEF Gbadolite Oxfam ACTED INSO NORD-UBANGI Samaritan’s WFP WFP Gemena BAS-UELE Internews HAUT-UELE Purse ICRC Buta SCF IOM SUD-UBANGI SUD-UBANGI UNHAS MONGALA Isiro Tearfund IRC WFP Lisala ACF Medair UNHCR MONGALA ITURI U Bunia Mercy Corps Mercy Corps IMA World Health G A EQUATEUR Samaritan’s NRC EQUATEUR Kisangani N Purse WFP D WFPaa Oxfam Boende A REPUBLIC OF Mbandaka TSHOPO Samaritan’s ATLANTIC NORTH GABON THE CONGO TSHUAPA Purse TSHOPO KIVU Lake OCEAN Tearfund IMA World Health Goma Victoria Inongo WHH Samaritan’s Purse RWANDA Mercy Corps BURUNDI Samaritan’s Purse MAI-NDOMBE Kindu Bukavu Samaritan’s Purse PROGRAM KEY KINSHASA SOUTH MANIEMA SANKURU MANIEMA KIVU WFP USAID/BHA Non-Food Assistance* WFP ACTED USAID/BHA Food Assistance** SA ! A IMA World Health TA N Z A N I A Kinshasa SH State/PRM KIN KASAÏ Lusambo KWILU Oxfam Kenge TANGANYIKA Agriculture and Food Security KONGO CENTRAL Kananga ACTED CRS Cash Transfers For Food Matadi LOMAMI Kalemie KASAÏ- Kabinda WFP Concern Economic Recovery and Market Tshikapa ORIENTAL Systems KWANGO Mbuji T IMA World Health KWANGO Mayi TANGANYIKA a KASAÏ- n Food Vouchers g WFP a n IMC CENTRAL y i k
    [Show full text]
  • UNHAS DRC Weekly Flight Schedule
    UNHAS DRC Weekly Flight Schedule Effective from 09th June 2021 AIRCRAFT MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY KINSHASA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA 08:00 KINSHASA MBANDAKA 09:00 08:00 KINSHASA MBANDAKA 09:30 08:30 KINSHASA BRAZZAVILLE 08:45 08:00 KINSHASA MBANDAKA 09:30 08:00 KINSHASA MBANDAKA 09:30 UNO-234H 09:30 MBANDAKA GBADOLITE 10:55 10:00 MBANDAKA YAKOMA 11:40 09:30 BRAZZAVILLE MBANDAKA 11:00 10:00 MBANDAKA GBADOLITE 11:25 10:00 MBANDAKA LIBENGE 11:00 5Y-VVI 11:25 GBADOLITE BANGUI 12:10 12:10 YAKOMA MBANDAKA 13:50 11:30 MBANDAKA IMPFONDO 12:00 11:55 GBADOLITE MBANDAKA 13:20 11:30 LIBENGE BANGUI 11:50 DHC-8-Q400 13:00 BANGUI MBANDAKA 14:20 14:20 MBANDAKA KINSHASA 15:50 12:30 IMPFONDO MBANDAKA 13:00 13:50 MBANDAKA KINSHASA 15:20 12:40 BANGUI MBANDAKA 14:00 SPECIAL FLIGHTS OR MAINTENANCE 14:50 MBANDAKA KINSHASA 16:20 13:30 MBANDAKA BRAZZAVILLE 15:00 14:30 MBANDAKA KINSHASA 16:00 15:30 BRAZZAVILLE KINSHASA 15:45 AD HOC CARGO FLIGHT TSA WITH UNHCR KINSHASA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA ETD From To ETA 09:00 KINSHASA KANANGA 11:15 08:00 KINSHASA KALEMIE 11:15 09:00 KINSHASA KANANGA 11:15 UNO-207H 11:45 KANANGA GOMA 13:10 11:45 KALEMIE GOMA 12:35 11:45 KANANGA GOMA 13:10 5Y-CRZ SPECIAL FLIGHTS OR MAINTENANCE SPECIAL FLIGHTS OR MAINTENANCE SPECIAL FLIGHTS OR MAINTENANCE EMB-145 LR 14:10 GOMA KANANGA 15:35 13:35 GOMA KINSHASA 14:50 14:10 GOMA KANANGA 15:35 16:05 KANANGA KINSHASA 16:20 16:05 KANANGA KINSHASA 16:20
    [Show full text]
  • Shaping the Future of Africa with the People 1 Declarations and Resolutions
    2015 Johannesburg SHAPING THE FUTURE OF AF2015RICA JOHANNESBURG WITH | SHAPING THE THE FUTURE PEOPLE OF AFRICA WITH THE PEOPLE i The 7th edition of the Africities Summit took place at the Sandton Convention Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa from 29 November to 3 December 2015. The Summit was convened by the United Cities and Local Governments of Africa and hosted by the City of Johannesburg, the South African Local Government Association and the South African Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs. This report has been compiled by the South African Cities Network. cooperative governance Department: Cooperative Governance REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Contents Declarations and Resolutions 2 PART 1 Introduction 3 1.1 The African Context 4 PART 2 Overview of Africities 7 2.1 Theme of Africities 7 Summit 8 2.2 Objectives of Africities 7 9 2.3 Africities 7 Sessions 9 2.4 The 12 Lessons of Africities 10 PART 3 The Speeches 13 PART 4 Achieving the Future of Agenda 2063 42 4.1 Exploration of Possible Futures 43 4.2 The Formulation of Strategies 45 PART 5 The Contribution of African Local Governments to Achieving the Agenda 2063 49 5.1 Challenges and Opportunities 49 5.2 Women’s Voices on the Implementation of the Agenda 2063 53 5.3 Tripartite Discussion 54 5.4 Political Resolutions and Commitments 56 5.5 Concluding Resolutions 57 5.6 Other Declarations 61 PART 6 Experience of Local Government and Partners 65 6.1 The South African Cities Network (SACN) Sessions 65 6.2 UCLG Africa Sessions 80 6.3 Stakeholder Sessions 99 6.4 Partner
    [Show full text]
  • Relations Extérieures Et Communication
    Scan the QR code or Ctrl+clic on the icon below to Relations extérieures et Communication view our videos. https://ucbukavu.ac.cd/ – Super Lacus Ac Montes Splendens 02 Bugabo, Avenue de la Mission, Commune de Kadutu, Ville de Bukavu REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO MISE AU POINT SUR LES SITUATIONS UPDATE ON LOCAL HEALTH AND SAFETY SANITAIRE ET SECURITAIRE LOCALES STATUS N°009 – 15 MAI 2020 N°009 – 15 MAY 2020 SITUATION SECURITAIRE SECURITY STATUS La situation sécuritaire est relativement calme dans The security situation in Bukavu City is relatively la Ville de Bukavu. Une personne a été blessée et calm. One person was injured and valuables were des biens de valeur emportés lors d’une attaque taken during an attack by armed men against a des hommes armés contre une famille à family in Mulambula, Bagira District. In Ibanda Mulambula en Commune de Bagira. En Commune District, a woman working at Ruzizi I border d’Ibanda, une femme œuvrant à la frontière Ruzizi (between DRC and Rwanda) was deprived of her 1er a été dépouillée de son sac à main contenant purse containing a large amount of money and une importante somme d’argent et autres objets other valuables. In Uvira Territory, two alleged de grande valeur. En territoire d’Uvira, deux thieves, one being a Burundian, were caught by the présumés voleurs, dont un de nationalité population and handed over to the National Army burundaise, ont été attrapés par la population et (FARDC) in Luvungi. In Kabare Territory, passengers remis aux FARDC à Luvungi. Les passagers de cinq of five vehicles from Bukavu to Mugogo and véhicules en provenance de Bukavu pour les Walungu commercial centers were looted by centres commerciaux de Mugogo et Walungu ont armed bandits in Cidodobo.
    [Show full text]
  • Governance, Conflict, and Precarious Property Rights in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo Kasper Hoffmann, Mariève Pouliot, and Godefroid Muzalia
    LAND GOVERNANCE IN BUKAVU | MARCH 2019 Constructed Anarchy: Governance, Conflict, and Precarious Property Rights in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo Kasper Hoffmann, Mariève Pouliot, and Godefroid Muzalia 1 Congo Research Briefs | Issue 1 Photo from Panzi Land issues are at the heart of the Congolese conflicts (Huggins 2010; Vlassenroot 2004; Mathieu et al. 1999; Mararo 1997). Land issues have mainly been analyzed as a rural phenomenon. More recently, however, scholars have shown that land issues are crucially important in urban areas as well (Büscher 2012; Wagemakers et al. 2009; Büscher 2018; Büscher and Vlassenroot 2010; Peyton 2018). Land is a key resource and its attribution is of vital economic and political concern across societal groups. Crucially, therefore, the control of land is a key determinant of power in the Congo. Land is not only important as a material resource; it is also woven into many aspects of social life for Congo’s urban residents. Occupation and possession of land are important sources of prestige and self-esteem, and it contributes in no small way to determining people’s social, economic, and political positions in society (Büscher 2012). Hence, land issues relate to questions of property more broadly, and as such implicates social, economic, and political power relations in the widest sense (Lund and Boone 2013, 1). In this policy brief we analyze the nexus between conflict, assert their authority to exercise jurisdiction over land issues and to property rights, and land governance in the Panzi neighborhood of justify the extraction of unofficial income from Panzi residents. In Bukavu, the provincial capital of South Kivu.
    [Show full text]
  • Expanding Use of Household Water Treatment in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo Results and Lessons Learned
    EXPANDING USE OF HOUSEHOLD WATER TREATMENT IN SOUTH KIVU, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO RESULTS AND LESSONS LEARNED PROGRAM CONTEXT in rural areas have access to improved water sources. Even then, water from an improved One of the largest countries in Africa in both water source may not be safe. Transport and size and population, the Democratic Republic storage of water can be major periods of re- of Congo (DRC) is one of the poorest contamination. The urban/rural divide carries in the world. According to the 2010 UN over into access to sanitation as well: only Development Index, it ranks 168th out of 4% of households in rural areas have access 169 countries, ahead of only Zimbabwe.1 For to improved sanitation compared to 36% in DRC’s 71 million people, life expectancy is a urban areas. relatively short 48 years, due to continuing civil conflict and high rates of poverty, disease The lack of safe water, adequate hygiene, and and famine.2 This high level of conflict has sanitation negatively impacts child health led to a humanitarian crisis in the country, and adds to the high mortality rate (148 per especially in the eastern regions. 1,000 live births). In 2007, 16% of children under age five had diarrhea during the two According to the 2010 Multiple Indicator weeks preceding the Demographic and Health Cluster (MICS) survey, only 47% of the Survey (DHS).4 According to the 2010 MICS population has access to improved water survey, this has grown to 18%.5 sources. 3There is also a significant urban/ rural disparity in water access.
    [Show full text]
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo
    COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 27 JANUARY 2009 UK BORDER AGENCY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 27 JANUARY 2009 Contents_______________________________________ PREFACE LATEST NEWS EVENTS IN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, FROM 15 DECEMBER 2008 TO 22 JANUARY 2009 Paragraphs Background information 1. GEOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................1.01 Map - DRC.....................................................................................1.05 Eastern DRC.................................................................................1.06 2. ECONOMY .............................................................................................2.01 Natural resources........................................................................2.09 3. HISTORY ...............................................................................................3.01 History to 1997.............................................................................3.01 The Laurent Kabila Regime 1997................................................3.02 The Joseph Kabila Regime 2001.................................................3.04 4. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ............................................................................4.01 5. CONSTITUTION ........................................................................................5.01 6. POLITICAL SYSTEM ..................................................................................6.01
    [Show full text]
  • Rapport Final Des Experts De L'onu Sur La
    Nations Unies S/2012/843 Conseil de sécurité Distr. générale 15 novembre 2012 Français Original : anglais Lettre datée du 12 novembre 2012, adressée au Président du Conseil de sécurité par le Président du Comité du Conseil de sécurité créé par la résolution 1533 (2004) concernant la République démocratique du Congo Au nom du Comité du Conseil de sécurité créé par la résolution 1533 (2004) concernant la République démocratique du Congo et en application du paragraphe 4 de la résolution 2021 (2011) du Conseil de sécurité, j’ai l’honneur de vous faire tenir ci-joint le rapport final du Groupe d’experts sur la République démocratique du Congo (voir annexe). Je vous serais reconnaissant de bien vouloir porter à l’attention des membres du Conseil de sécurité le texte de la présente lettre et de son annexe et de le faire publier comme document du Conseil. (Signé) Agshin Mehdjiyev 12-59340 (F) 191112 201112 *1259340* S/2012/843 Annexe Lettre datée du 12 octobre 2012 adressée au Président du Comité du Conseil de sécurité créé par la résolution 1533 (2004) par le Groupe d’experts sur la République démocratique du Congo Les membres du Groupe d’experts sur la République démocratique du Congo ont l’honneur de transmettre ci-joint le rapport final du Groupe, établi en application du paragraphe 4 de la résolution 2021 (2011) du Conseil de sécurité. (Signé) Steven Hege (Signé) Nelson Alusala (Signé) Ruben de Koning (Signé) Marie Plamadiala (Signé) Emilie Serralta (Signé) Steven Spittaels 2 12-59340 S/2012/843 Résumé L’est de la République démocratique du Congo demeure la proie de dizaines de groupes armés congolais et étrangers.
    [Show full text]
  • MEMORIAL of the REPUBLIC of RWANDA 1 1 1 ,L 21 April 2000
    1 1 1 1 International Court of Justice 1 1 :1 CASE CONCERNING ARM:ED ACTIVITIES 1 ON THE .TERRITORY OF THE CONGO 1 (DEMOCRATie REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 1 v. THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA) 1 il MEMORIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA 1 1 1 ,l 21 April 2000 1 1 1 :1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1~ 1 1 1 ~-- 1 1 1 1 CONTENTS 1 page 1 1 The Proceedings against Rn'anda n 1 The Court Jacks Jurisdiction over the Application 5 A The Princip/es ofJurisdiction 5 1 B The Grounds for Jurisdiction advanced ByCongo 6 1 c The Absence ofJurisdiction under the Montreal Convention 8 1 1 The requirement of a dispute concerning the interpretation or application of the 1 Convention 9 2 The dispute must be one which cannat 1 be settled by negotiation 16 1 3 The arbitration requirement 18 1 D The lnadmissibility ofthe Application 20 1 Ill Concluding Submissions 25 List of Alllnexes 27 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PARTI THE PROCEEDINGS AGAINST RWANDA 1 1.1 On 23 June 1999 the Democratie Republic ofthe Congo (hereinafter referred to as 1 "Congo") filed an Application instituting proceedings against the Republic of Rwanda ("Rwanda"). According to the Application, the Govenunent of Congo 1 instituted the proceedings "on accowlt of acts of armed aggression perpetrated by 1· Rwanda on the territory of the Democratie Republic of the Congo, in flagrant violation of the United Nations Charter and of the Charter of the Organization of 1 Afhcan Unity." 1 1.2 The Application th en accuses Rwanda of violations of the law relating to the use 1 -· of force and non-intervention, the law of arrned conflict and the law of human rights.
    [Show full text]