Renato Goldenberg,1 José Fernando A. Baumgratz2 & Maria Leonor D'el
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MELASTOMATACEAE) EM CERRADO Stricto Sensu
Campus de Botucatu PLASTICIDADE FENOTÍPICA EM Miconia ligustroides (DC.) NAUDIN (MELASTOMATACEAE) EM CERRADO stricto sensu E FLORESTA ESTACIOMAL SEMIDECÍDUA: DADOS MORFOANATÔMICOS, HISTOQUÍMICOS E FISIOLÓGICOS ZORAIDE VALERIO Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências, Câmpus de Botucatu, UNESP, para obtenção do título de Mestre no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica). Área de concentração Morfologia e Diversidade Vegetal. BOTUCATU – SP 2020 Campus de Botucatu UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “Julio de Mesquita Filho” INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS DE BOTUCATU PLASTICIDADE FENOTÍPICA EM Miconia ligustroides (DC.) NAUDIN (MELASTOMATACEAE) EM CERRADO stricto sensu E FLORESTA ESTACIOMAL SEMIDECÍDUA: DADOS MORFOANATÔMICOS, HISTOQUÍMICOS E FISIOLÓGICOS ZORAIDE VALERIO PROFa DRa SILVIA RODRIGUES MACHADO ORIENTADORA PROFa DRa ELZA MARIA GUIMARÃES SANTOS CO-ORIENTADORA Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências, Câmpus de Botucatu, UNESP, para obtenção do título de Mestre no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica). Área de concentração Morfologia e Diversidade Vegetal. BOTUCATU – SP 2020 Sumário Resumo Geral................................................................................................................. 1 Introdução Geral............................................................................................................ 2 Melastomataceae............................................................................................................ 9 Miconia Ruiz & Pav...................................................................................................... -
Floristic and Ecological Characterization of Habitat Types on an Inselberg in Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil
Acta Botanica Brasilica - 31(2): 199-211. April-June 2017. doi: 10.1590/0102-33062016abb0409 Floristic and ecological characterization of habitat types on an inselberg in Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil Luiza F. A. de Paula1*, Nara F. O. Mota2, Pedro L. Viana2 and João R. Stehmann3 Received: November 21, 2016 Accepted: March 2, 2017 . ABSTRACT Inselbergs are granitic or gneissic rock outcrops, distributed mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. Th ey are considered terrestrial islands because of their strong spatial and ecological isolation, thus harboring a set of distinct plant communities that diff er from the surrounding matrix. In Brazil, inselbergs scattered in the Atlantic Forest contain unusually high levels of plant species richness and endemism. Th is study aimed to inventory species of vascular plants and to describe the main habitat types found on an inselberg located in the state of Minas Gerais, in southeastern Brazil. A total of 89 species of vascular plants were recorded (belonging to 37 families), of which six were new to science. Th e richest family was Bromeliaceae (10 spp.), followed by Cyperaceae (seven spp.), Orchidaceae and Poaceae (six spp. each). Life forms were distributed in diff erent proportions between habitats, which suggested distinct microenvironments on the inselberg. In general, habitats under similar environmental stress shared common species and life-form proportions. We argue that fl oristic inventories are still necessary for the development of conservation strategies and management of the unique vegetation on inselbergs in Brazil. Keywords: endemism, granitic and gneissic rock outcrops, life forms, terrestrial islands, vascular plants occurring on rock outcrops within the Atlantic Forest Introduction domain, 416 are endemic to these formations (Stehmann et al. -
Phylogeny and Classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecylaceae
Nord. J. Bot. - Section of tropical taxonomy Phylogeny and classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecy laceae Susanne S. Renner Renner, S. S. 1993. Phylogeny and classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecy- laceae. - Nord. J. Bot. 13: 519-540. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107-055X. A systematic analysis of the Melastomataceae, a pantropical family of about 4200- 4500 species in c. 166 genera, and their traditional allies, the Memecylaceae, with c. 430 species in six genera, suggests a phylogeny in which there are two major lineages in the Melastomataceae and a clearly distinct Memecylaceae. Melastomataceae have close affinities with Crypteroniaceae and Lythraceae, while Memecylaceae seem closer to Myrtaceae, all of which were considered as possible outgroups, but sister group relationships in this plexus could not be resolved. Based on an analysis of all morph- ological and anatomical characters useful for higher level grouping in the Melastoma- taceae and Memecylaceae a cladistic analysis of the evolutionary relationships of the tribes of the Melastomataceae was performed, employing part of the ingroup as outgroup. Using 7 of the 21 characters scored for all genera, the maximum parsimony program PAUP in an exhaustive search found four 8-step trees with a consistency index of 0.86. Because of the limited number of characters used and the uncertain monophyly of some of the tribes, however, all presented phylogenetic hypotheses are weak. A synapomorphy of the Memecylaceae is the presence of a dorsal terpenoid-producing connective gland, a synapomorphy of the Melastomataceae is the perfectly acrodro- mous leaf venation. Within the Melastomataceae, a basal monophyletic group consists of the Kibessioideae (Prernandra) characterized by fiber tracheids, radially and axially included phloem, and median-parietal placentation (placentas along the mid-veins of the locule walls). -
Projeto De Pesquisa
INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS JARDIM BOTÂNICO DO RIO DE JANEIRO DIRETORIA DE PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA PROGRAMA INSTITUCIONAL DE BOLSAS DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA (PIBIC/CNPq) PROJETO DE PESQUISA ESTUDOS MULTIDISCIPLINARES EM MELASTOMATACEAE NEOTROPICAIS: TAXONOMIA, FLORÍSTICA, ANATOMIA E ONTOGENIA Dr. José Fernando A. Baumgratz (orientador proponente) PLANOS DE TRABALHO (1) VASCULARIZAÇÃO E ONTOGENIA DE FLORES POLISTÊMONES EM MICONIA (MELASTOMATACEAE; MICONIEAE) (2) DIVERSIDADE DE MELASTOMATACEAE NO PARQUE NACIONAL DA SERRA DOS ÓRGÃOS, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL Rio de Janeiro 2018 1 PROJETO DE PESQUISA ESTUDOS MULTIDISCIPLINARES EM MELASTOMATACEAE NEOTROPICAIS: TAXONOMIA, FLORÍSTICA E ANATOMIA INTRODUÇÃO A família Melastomataceae é uma das mais numerosas entre as Angiospermae, com 150 gêneros e em torno de 4.500 espécies (Renner et al. 2010), sendo floristicamente abundante e diversificada na América do Sul. A expressiva diversidade dessa família na flora brasileira está seguramente registrada na lista de plantas do Brasil recentemente divulgada, onde vários taxonomistas especialistas atestaram a validade dos táxons que a compõe (Baumgratz et al. 2010). No contexto nacional, representa a sexta maior família entre as Angiospermae, com 68 gêneros e mais de 1.300 espécies, sendo 845 endêmicas, e distribuindo-se desde a Amazônia e o centro-oeste até o Rio Grande do Sul e praticamente em todas as formações vegetacionais, exceto na Caatinga sensu stricto (Baumgratz & Souza 2005; Baumgratz et al. 2006, 2007). Entretanto, de acordo com Goldenberg et al. (2012), o número de gêneros poderá cair para 65, com base em estudos filogenéticos recentemente desenvolvidos, como os de Penneys et al. (2010) e Penneys & Judd (2011), que predizem alguns como sinônimos. De modo geral, a base do conhecimento sobre as Melastomataceae no Brasil ainda são as clássicas monografias publicadas no final do século XIX por Cogniaux (1883- 1888, 1891). -
Systematics and Relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae
A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 136: 1–21 (2019)Systematics and relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae) 1 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.136.38558 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Systematics and relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae), with a second species from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana Kenneth J. Wurdack1, Fabián A. Michelangeli2 1 Department of Botany, MRC-166 National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA 2 The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10458, USA Corresponding author: Kenneth J. Wurdack ([email protected]) Academic editor: Ricardo Kriebel | Received 25 July 2019 | Accepted 30 October 2019 | Published 10 December 2019 Citation: Wurdack KJ, Michelangeli FA (2019) Systematics and relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae), with a second species from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana. PhytoKeys 136: 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3897/ phytokeys.136.38558 Abstract The systematics of Tryssophyton, herbs endemic to the Pakaraima Mountains of western Guyana, is re- viewed and Tryssophyton quadrifolius K.Wurdack & Michelang., sp. nov. from the summit of Kamakusa Mountain is described as the second species in the genus. The new species is distinguished from its closest relative, Tryssophyton merumense, by striking vegetative differences, including number of leaves per stem and leaf architecture. A phylogenetic analysis of sequence data from three plastid loci and Melastomata- ceae-wide taxon sampling is presented. The two species of Tryssophyton are recovered as monophyletic and associated with mostly Old World tribe Sonerileae. Fruit, seed and leaf morphology are described for the first time, biogeography is discussed and both species are illustrated. -
How Does Genome Size Affect the Evolution of Pollen Tube Growth Rate, a Haploid Performance Trait?
Manuscript bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/462663; this version postedClick April here18, 2019. to The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv aaccess/download;Manuscript;PTGR.genome.evolution.15April20 license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Effects of genome size on pollen performance 2 3 4 5 How does genome size affect the evolution of pollen tube growth rate, a haploid 6 performance trait? 7 8 9 10 11 John B. Reese1,2 and Joseph H. Williams2 12 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 13 37996, U.S.A. 14 15 16 17 1Author for correspondence: 18 John B. Reese 19 Tel: 865 974 9371 20 Email: [email protected] 21 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/462663; this version posted April 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 22 ABSTRACT 23 Premise of the Study – Male gametophytes of most seed plants deliver sperm to eggs via a 24 pollen tube. Pollen tube growth rates (PTGRs) of angiosperms are exceptionally rapid, a pattern 25 attributed to more effective haploid selection under stronger pollen competition. Paradoxically, 26 whole genome duplication (WGD) has been common in angiosperms but rare in gymnosperms. -
Plant Structure in the Brazilian Neotropical Savannah Species
Chapter 16 Plant Structure in the Brazilian Neotropical Savannah Species Suzane Margaret Fank-de-Carvalho, Nádia Sílvia Somavilla, Maria Salete Marchioretto and Sônia Nair Báo Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/59066 1. Introduction This chapter presents a review of some important literature linking plant structure with function and/or as response to the environment in Brazilian neotropical savannah species, exemplifying mostly with Amaranthaceae and Melastomataceae and emphasizing the environment potential role in the development of such a structure. Brazil is recognized as the 17th country in megadiversity of plants, with 17,630 endemic species among a total of 31,162 Angiosperms [1]. The focus in the Brazilian Cerrado Biome (Brazilian Neotropical Savannah) species is justified because this Biome is recognized as a World Priority Hotspot for Conservation, with more than 7,000 plant species and around 4,400 endemic plants [2-3]. The Brazilian Cerrado Biome is a tropical savannah-like ecosystem that occupies about 2 millions of km² (from 3-24° Latitude S and from 41-43° Longitude W), with a hot, semi-humid seasonal climate formed by a dry winter (from May to September) and a rainy summer (from October to April) [4-8]. Cerrado has a large variety of landscapes, from tall savannah woodland to low open grassland with no woody plants and wetlands, as palm swamps, supporting the richest flora among the world’s savannahs-more than 7,000 native species of vascular plants- with high degree of endemism [3, 6]. The “cerrado” word is used to the typical vegetation, with grasses, herbs and 30-40% of woody plants [9-10] where trees and bushes display contorted trunk and branches with thick and fire-resistant bark, shiny coriaceous leaves and are usually recovered with dense indumentum [10]. -
Additions to the Flora of Panama, with Comments on Plant Collections and Information Gaps
15 4 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 15 (4): 601–627 https://doi.org/10.15560/15.4.601 Additions to the flora of Panama, with comments on plant collections and information gaps Orlando O. Ortiz1, Rodolfo Flores2, Gordon McPherson3, Juan F. Carrión4, Ernesto Campos-Pineda5, Riccardo M. Baldini6 1 Herbario PMA, Universidad de Panamá, Vía Simón Bolívar, Panama City, Panama Province, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama. 2 Programa de Maestría en Biología Vegetal, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, El Cabrero, David City, Chiriquí Province, Panama. 3 Herbarium, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4500 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63166-0299, USA. 4 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. 5 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue (Ancón, Tupper 401), Panama City, Panama Province, Panama. 6 Centro Studi Erbario Tropicale (FT herbarium) and Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Via La Pira 4, 50121, Firenze, Italy. Corresponding author: Orlando O. Ortiz, [email protected]. Abstract In the present study, we report 46 new records of vascular plants species from Panama. The species belong to the fol- lowing families: Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araceae, Bignoniaceae, Burseraceae, Caryocaraceae, Celastraceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Erythroxylaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Gentianaceae, Laciste- mataceae, Lauraceae, Malpighiaceae, Malvaceae, Marattiaceae, Melastomataceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Ochnaceae, Orchidaceae, Passifloraceae, Peraceae, Poaceae, Portulacaceae, Ranunculaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Solanaceae, and Violaceae. Additionally, the status of plant collections in Panama is discussed; we focused on the areas where we identified significant information gaps regarding real assessments of plant biodiversity in the country. -
How Does Genome Size Affect the Evolution of Pollen Tube Growth Rate, a Haploid
Manuscript bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/462663; this version postedClick April here18, 2019. to The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv aaccess/download;Manuscript;PTGR.genome.evolution.15April20 license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Effects of genome size on pollen performance 2 3 4 5 How does genome size affect the evolution of pollen tube growth rate, a haploid 6 performance trait? 7 8 9 10 11 John B. Reese1,2 and Joseph H. Williams2 12 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 13 37996, U.S.A. 14 15 16 17 1Author for correspondence: 18 John B. Reese 19 Tel: 865 974 9371 20 Email: [email protected] 21 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/462663; this version posted April 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 22 ABSTRACT 23 Premise of the Study – Male gametophytes of most seed plants deliver sperm to eggs via a 24 pollen tube. Pollen tube growth rates (PTGRs) of angiosperms are exceptionally rapid, a pattern 25 attributed to more effective haploid selection under stronger pollen competition. Paradoxically, 26 whole genome duplication (WGD) has been common in angiosperms but rare in gymnosperms. -
Plano De Manejo Do Parque Nacional Do Viruâ
PLANO DE MANEJO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DO VIRU Boa Vista - RR Abril - 2014 PRESIDENTE DA REPÚBLICA Dilma Rousseff MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE Izabella Teixeira - Ministra INSTITUTO CHICO MENDES DE CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE - ICMBio Roberto Ricardo Vizentin - Presidente DIRETORIA DE CRIAÇÃO E MANEJO DE UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO - DIMAN Giovanna Palazzi - Diretora COORDENAÇÃO DE ELABORAÇÃO E REVISÃO DE PLANOS DE MANEJO Alexandre Lantelme Kirovsky CHEFE DO PARQUE NACIONAL DO VIRUÁ Antonio Lisboa ICMBIO 2014 PARQUE NACIONAL DO VIRU PLANO DE MANEJO CRÉDITOS TÉCNICOS E INSTITUCIONAIS INSTITUTO CHICO MENDES DE CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE - ICMBio Diretoria de Criação e Manejo de Unidades de Conservação - DIMAN Giovanna Palazzi - Diretora EQUIPE TÉCNICA DO PLANO DE MANEJO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DO VIRUÁ Coordenaço Antonio Lisboa - Chefe do PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Msc. Geógrafo Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro Lisboa - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Bióloga Superviso Lílian Hangae - DIREP/ ICMBio - Geógrafa Luciana Costa Mota - Bióloga E uipe de Planejamento Antonio Lisboa - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Msc. Geógrafo Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro Lisboa - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Bióloga Hudson Coimbra Felix - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Gestor ambiental Renata Bocorny de Azevedo - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Msc. Bióloga Thiago Orsi Laranjeiras - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Msc. Biólogo Lílian Hangae - Supervisora - COMAN/ ICMBio - Geógrafa Ernesto Viveiros de Castro - CGEUP/ ICMBio - Msc. Biólogo Carlos Ernesto G. R. Schaefer - Consultor - PhD. Eng. Agrônomo Bruno Araújo Furtado de Mendonça - Colaborador/UFV - Dsc. Eng. Florestal Consultores e Colaboradores em reas Tem'ticas Hidrologia, Clima Carlos Ernesto G. R. Schaefer - PhD. Engenheiro Agrônomo (Consultor); Bruno Araújo Furtado de Mendonça - Dsc. Eng. Florestal (Colaborador UFV). Geologia, Geomorfologia Carlos Ernesto G. R. Schaefer - PhD. Engenheiro Agrônomo (Consultor); Bruno Araújo Furtado de Mendonça - Dsc. -
Molecular Phylogenetics of Melastomataceae and Memecylaceae: Implications for Character Evolution1
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Open Access LMU American Journal of Botany 88(3): 486±498. 2001. MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS OF MELASTOMATACEAE AND MEMECYLACEAE: IMPLICATIONS FOR CHARACTER EVOLUTION1 G. CLAUSING2,4 AND S. S. RENNER3,4 2Institut fuÈr Spezielle Botanik, UniversitaÈt Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; 3Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 8001 Natural Bridge Rd., St. Louis, Missouri 63121 USA; and The Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri 63166 USA Melastomataceae are among the most abundant and diversi®ed groups of plants throughout the tropics, but their intrafamily rela- tionships and morphological evolution are poorly understood. Here we report the results of parsimony and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses of cpDNA sequences from the rbcL and ndhF genes and the rpl16 intron, generated for eight outgroups (Crypteroniaceae, Alzateaceae, Rhynchocalycaceae, Oliniaceae, Penaeaceae, Myrtaceae, and Onagraceae) and 54 species of melastomes. The sample represents 42 of the family's currently recognized ;150 genera, the 13 traditional tribes, and the three subfamilies, Astronioideae, Melastomatoideae, and Memecyloideae (5 Memecylaceae DC.). Parsimony and ML yield congruent topologies that place Memecy- laceae as sister to Melastomataceae. Pternandra, a Southeast Asian genus of 15 species of which ®ve were sampled, is the ®rst- branching Melastomataceae. This placement has low bootstrap support (72%), but agrees with morphological treatments that placed Pternandra in Melastomatacaeae because of its acrodromal leaf venation, usually ranked as a tribe or subfamily. The interxylary phloem islands found in Memecylaceae and Pternandra, but not most other Melastomataceae, likely evolved in parallel because Pternandra resembles Melastomataceae in its other wood characters. -
Tropical Aquatic Plants: Morphoanatomical Adaptations - Edna Scremin-Dias
TROPICAL BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT – Vol. I - Tropical Aquatic Plants: Morphoanatomical Adaptations - Edna Scremin-Dias TROPICAL AQUATIC PLANTS: MORPHOANATOMICAL ADAPTATIONS Edna Scremin-Dias Botany Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Keywords: Wetland plants, aquatic macrophytes, life forms, submerged plants, emergent plants, amphibian plants, aquatic plant anatomy, aquatic plant morphology, Pantanal. Contents 1. Introduction and definition 2. Origin, distribution and diversity of aquatic plants 3. Life forms of aquatic plants 3.1. Submerged Plants 3.2 Floating Plants 3.3 Emergent Plants 3.4 Amphibian Plants 4. Morphological and anatomical adaptations 5. Organs structure – Morphology and anatomy 5.1. Submerged Leaves: Structure and Adaptations 5.2. Floating Leaves: Structure and Adaptations 5.3. Emergent Leaves: Structure and Adaptations 5.4. Aeriferous Chambers: Characteristics and Function 5.5. Stem: Morphology and Anatomy 5.6. Root: Morphology and Anatomy 6. Economic importance 7. Importance to preserve wetland and wetlands plants Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary UNESCO – EOLSS Tropical ecosystems have a high diversity of environments, many of them with high seasonal influence. Tropical regions are richer in quantity and diversity of wetlands. Aquatic plants SAMPLEare widely distributed in theseCHAPTERS areas, represented by rivers, lakes, swamps, coastal lagoons, and others. These environments also occur in non tropical regions, but aquatic plant species diversity is lower than tropical regions. Colonization of bodies of water and wetland areas by aquatic plants was only possible due to the acquisition of certain evolutionary characteristics that enable them to live and reproduce in water. Aquatic plants have several habits, known as life forms that vary from emergent, floating-leaves, submerged free, submerged fixed, amphibian and epiphyte.