Wüest, Rafael O et al. ... doi:10.5061/dryad.1cs77qn

Data from: Dissecting biodiversity in a global hotspot: uneven dynamics of immigration and diversification within the Cape Floristic Region of

Wüest, Rafael O Boucher, Florian C Bouchenak-Khelladi, Yanis Karger, Dirk N Linder, H Peter Publication date: July 16, 2019 Publisher: Dryad https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.1cs77qn

Citation

Wüest, Rafael O et al. (2019), Data from: Dissecting biodiversity in a global hotspot: uneven dynamics of immigration and diversification within the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa, v2, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.1cs77qn

Abstract

Aim: Fragmented distributions should show immigration and diversification dynamics consistent with the predictions of island biogeography theory. We test whether this applies to the fragmented Cape vegetation. Location: Southern Africa, Cape Floristic Region (CFR) Taxon: Angiosperms, () Methods: We used a large occurrence dataset and environmental layers to characterize an existing regionalization and the intervals between the regions ecologically and spatially. We extended the available phylogeny for restios and inferred their historical biogeography using models implemented in BioGeoBEARS. We then measured the relative contribution of immigration and in situ speciation to the species richness of each region within the CFR. We used standard statistical methods to test

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the predictions of the island biogeography theory. Results: The area and environmental heterogeneity of the seven regions of the CFR are positively correlated with in situ speciation rate. Furthermore, more isolated areas, and areas colonized more recently, have proportionally higher immigration rates, and more central and older areas proportionally higher in situ speciation rates. Main Conclusions: The variation in immigration and diversification dynamics among the regions within the CFR is extensive and consistent with the archipelago model of island biography theory. This dynamic may contribute significantly to the diversity of the Cape flora. Such a model could be generally useful for understanding the generation and maintenance of diversity in biodiversity hotspots, and may even scale up to explain continental biodiversity.

Usage Notes

Restionaceae georeferenced occurrence data for the Cape Floristic Region The tab-delimited data contain 12903 georeferenced occurrence records of the Restionaceae occurring in the South African Cape Flora. The columns give the species names (column "GenusSpecies"; with the binary scientific names separated by underscore), the date of collection (column "Date"), the coordinates in WGS84 geographic projection (EPSG:4326; columns "Longitude" and "Latitude"), the locality (column "Locality"). Further, we indicate whether the data represents a single occurrence ("specimen") or is part of a plot-releve ("plot"; indicated in column "RecordType"). In the latter case, we indicate the plot-id in the column "PlotID". In case of specimen-data, we indicate the collector (column "Collector") and collection number ("CollectorNumber"). Where available, we also indicate simple site- characteristics in terms of rockiness (column "Rockyness"; three levels "none", "pebblesboulders", "bedrock"), soil-type (column "SoilType"; three levels "organic", "fine", "coarse"), drainage (column "Drainage"; three levels "dry", "damp", "wet"), and aspect (column "Aspect"; with "level" for flat sites and all possible combinations of "n" for North, "e" for East, "s" for South, "w" for West). restio_georef_data.txt

Geology of the Cape Floristic Region The zip-archive contains a shapefile in WGS84 geographic projection (EPSG:4326) that holds (in the column "geology") spatially explicit information on six major geological classes ("calcrete", "granite", "recent sand", "silcrete", "sandstones", "shale", and "others" including water-bodies). The column "UQ_GEOL" contains the original geological class according to the South African Council for Geoscience, and "geol_num" is a numerical representation of the classes coded in column "geology". cape_geology.zip

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Environment of the Cape Floristic Region The environmental data used in this study, provided as geo-tiffs. Details are given in Appendix S1 and Table S2 of the associated publication (DOI: 10.1111/jbi.13625). cape_environment.zip

Phylogenetic trees of the Restionaceae of the Cape Floristic Region The zip-archive contains the MCC tree of the Restionaceae (in the file "mcc_tree.nex") and a random sample of 100 trees from the posterior of our phylogenetic analysis (in the file "tree_samples_100.nex"). restio_trees.zip

References

This dataset is supplement to https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13625 Location

17.42 - 26.83E Cape flora 28.90 - 35.00S Cape Floristic Region 30.08 - 34.83S South Africa 16.90 - 28.10E

Keywords

Thamnochortus stokoei, paniculatus, Paleocene, bifarius, Restio sporadicus, Thamnochortus gracilis, Askidiosperma insigne, Anthochortus ecklonii, Soroveta ambigua, Thamnochortus obtusus aff, Restio paludicola, Restio decipiens, Restio obscurus, Restio blinkbergensis, arenicola, teres, fistulosa, Restio eleocharis, Thamnochortus serpens, Askidiosperma longiflorum, Elegia coleura, Elegia extensa, Cannomois virgata, xerophilum, Holocene, Elegia cernua, Restio calcicola, Willdenowia glomerata, Thamnochortus lucens, Ceratocaryum decipiens, Elegia thyrsoidea, Restio gossypinus var, fruticosa, Restio bifidus, Restio virgeus, Elegia spathacea, Restio nanus, Restio constipatus aff, Restio venustulus, Restio corneolus, Restio

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brachiatus aff, Elegia hutchinsonii, Nevillea singularis, Elegia ebracteata, Ceratocaryum argenteum, Restio durus, Thamnochortus pellucidus, Restio arcuatus, Restio rivulus, Restio dodii var purpureus, Restio verrucosus, Elegia decipiens var, Elegia stokoei, immigration – diversification dynamics, Restio miser, montanus, Restio rudolfii, Askidiosperma rugosum, Elegia microcarpa var, Restio distichus, Restio zwartbergensis, Thamnochortus pluristachyus, Elegia prominens, Restio saroclados, , metapopulation, Restio secundus, Restio echinatus, Willdenowia affinis, Restio capensis, Restio pulvinatus, Ceratocaryum pulchrum, Restio triticeus aff, Restio pulcher, island biogeography theory, Hypodiscus albo-aristatus, Hypodiscus sp nov, Cannomois aristata, Restio singularis, Thamnochortus punctatus, Elegia aggregata, Ceratocaryum fimbriatum, Restio degenerans, Restio burchellii, Restio capillaris, Thamnochortus pulcher, Anthochortus insignis, Elegia marlothii, Restio sejunctus, Thamnochortus obtusus, Restio coactilis, Restio wittebergensis, Restio colliculospermus, Restio stokoei, Restio tenuispicatus, multispicula, Willdenowia rugosa, Miocene, Askidiosperma delicatulum, Rhodocoma capensis, Elegia dregeana, Platycaulos subcompressus, Restio implicatus, Willdenowia pilleata, Willdenowia bolusii, Hypodiscus procurrens, Cannomois sp, Restio egregius, Elegia acockii, Thamnochortus karooica, Restio cedarbergensis, Restio inconspicuus, Restio versatilis, Mastersiella digitata, Restio sp, Staberoha cernua, Restio nuwebergensis, Elegia microcarpa, Restio triticeus, Restio rupicola, Restio distylus, Rhodocoma gracilis, Staberoha banksii, Elegia thyrsifera, Elegia intermedia, Restio paludosus, Restionaceae, Hypodiscus willdenowia, Restio laniger, Cannomois anfracta, Restio longiaristatus, Restio affinis, Restio barbatus, Restio perplexus, Staberoha remota, Eocene, Restio asperus, Restio taylori, Restio adpressus, Staberoha ornata, Cannomois spicata, Restio paniculatus, Nevillea vlokii, Restio leptoclados, Elegia fenestrata, Restio bifurcus, Restio constipatus, Elegia fastigiata, Restio gossypinus aff, Restio quinquefarius, Willdenowia humilis, Thamnochortus fraternus, Restio sabulosus, Elegia squamosa, Elegia sp, Elegia grandispicata, Thamnochortus nutans, Restio pillansii, Restio pygmaeus, Elegia neesii, Hypodiscus rugosus, Restio pumilus, Restio saxatilis, Restio alticola, Hypodiscus squamosus, Restio anomalus, Restio villosus, Restio dodii var purpurascens, Elegia decipiens, Dispersal, Restio albotuberculatus, Restio scaber, Platycaulos compressus, Elegia persistens, Restio festuciformis, Platycaulos callistachyus, Elegia muirii, Restio confusus, Cannomois grandis, Restio debilis, Elegia namaquense, Restio brachiatus, Restio marlothii, Restio dodii var dodii, Restio aridus, Willdenowia sulcata, Staberoha stokoei, Thamnochortus fruticosus, Hypodiscus laevigatus, Thamnochortus rigidus, Restio luxurians, Restio subverticellatus, Restio nudiflorus, Restio diffusus, Restio acockii, Restio wallichii, Thamnochortus levynsiae, Restio papillosus, Hypodiscus rigidus, Restio elsieae, Restio occultus, Thamnochortus arenarius, Elegia hookeriana, Restio femineus, Staberoha distachyos, Hypodiscus alternans, Restio gossypinus, Platycaulos major, Restio rigoratus, Restio

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unispicatus, Restio fragilis, Thamnochortus platypteris, Anthochortus capensis, Rhodocoma vleibergensis, Rhodocoma gigantea, Restio aureolus, Thamnochortus kammanassie, Askidiosperma andreaeanum, Elegia asperiflora, Staberoha vaginata, Restio rottboellioides, Platycaulos depauperatus, Ceratocaryum fistulosum, Restio vallis-simius, Thamnochortus bachmannii, Thamnochortus spicigerus, Elegia amoena, semi-permeable barriers, Restio cincinnatus, Anthochortus graminifolius, Elegia deustum, Restio miser aff, Restio fraternus, Staberoha capensis, , Restio sieberi, Thamnochortus glaber, Restio monanthos, Cannomois parviflora, Restio monostylis, , Restio subtilis, Restio tetragonus, Restio fusiformis, Restio insignis, Restio stereocaulis, Elegia grandis, Restio hyalinus, Willdenowia purpurea, Askidiosperma esterhuyseniae, Restio andreaeanus, Cannomois congesta, Ceratocaryum sp, Willdenowia sp, Restio ocreatus, Elegia elephantina, Restio bolusii, Thamnochortus sporadicus, Restio rigidus, Elegia atratiflora, Restio duthieae, Restio strobilifer, Platycaulos acutus, Hypodiscus striatus, Restio harveyi, Restio filiformis, Restio distans, Thamnochortus schlechteri, Ceratocaryum caespitosum, Restio brunneus, Restio distractus, Elegia racemosa, Restio karooicus, Restio rigidus aff, Mastersiella purpurea, Staberoha sp, Restio setiger, Restio uniflorus, Restio clandestinus, Restio degenerans aff, Elegia altigena, Willdenowia arescens, Mastersiella sp, Ceratocaryum persistens, Restio quadratus, Restio vilis, Cannomois nitida, Thamnochortus guthrieae, Restio pedicellatus, Thamnochortus muirii, Restio montanus, Restio distylis, Elegia fucata, Restio hystrix, Restio perseverans, Elegia mucronata, Restio tenuissimus, Restio helenae, Restio fuscidulus, Cannomois primosii, Restio inveteratus, Restio patens, Oligocene, Hypodiscus aristatus, Elegia recta, Restio impolitus, Restio rarus, Restio caespitosus, Thamnochortus amoena, Elegia vaginulata, Restio nubigenus, Askidiosperma alticolum, Restio strictus, Elegia galpinii, Restio tuberculatus, Thamnochortus acuminatus, Platycaulos anceps, Restio triflora, Thamnochortus sp, Restio dispar, Restio similis, Restio scaberulus, Restio leptostachyus, Nevillea obtusissima, hotspot, Askidiosperma albo-aristatum, Thamnochortus ellipticus, Elegia filacea, Restio gaudichaudianus, Restio ramosissimus, Thamnochortus dumosus, Cannomois scirpoides, Restio ejuncidus, Staberoha aemula, Restio muirii, Restio vimineus, Cannomois schlechteri, Anthochortus sp, Elegia cuspidata, Restio curviramis, Hypodiscus synchroolepis, Restio levynsiae, Elegia caespitosa, Restio ingens, , Thamnochortus pubescens, Rhodocoma foliosa, Restio micans, Hypodiscus argenteus, Hypodiscus sulcatus, Restio curvibracteatus, Restio purpurascens, Askidiosperma paniculatum, Cannomois robusta, Restio nodosus, Thamnochortus erectus, Mastersiella spathulata, Thamnochortus rigidus aff, Elegia rigida, Restio communis, Restio venustulus aff, Elegia stokoei aff, Anthochortus laxiflorus, Restio macer, Elegia esterhuyseniae, Hydrophilus rattrayi, Anthochortus singularis, Askidiosperma capitatum, Rhodocoma arida, Platycaulos

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cascadensis, Thamnochortus cinereus, Restio parthenocarpos, Restio multiflorus, Restio peculiaris, Restio esterhuyseniae, Willdenowia stokoei, Restio praeacutus, Hypodiscus neesii, Elegia verreauxii, Restio pratensis, Elegia nuda, Elegia juncea, Elegia macrocarpa, Restio parvispiculus, Elegia stipularis, Restio pachystachyus, Anthochortus crinalis, Willdenowia incurvata, Askidiosperma chartaceum, Askidiosperma nitidum, Thamnochortus papyraceus, Restio papyraceus, Rhodocoma alpina Data Files

September 15, 2019 September 16, 2019

Files

8 files for this dataset

restio_georef_data.txt 1.81 MB text/plain cape_geology.zip 1.54 MB application/zip cape_environment.zip 59.48 MB application/zip restio_trees.zip 428.98 kB application/zip restio_georef_data.txt 1.81 MB text/plain cape_geology.zip 1.54 MB application/zip cape_environment.zip 59.48 MB application/zip restio_trees.zip 428.98 kB application/zip

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