The Terrorist Threat INSIDE: Special Focus on 25 Years of DLR

THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE HEADLINES l Election results boost for US funding

l Le Havre joins French tramway club

l Australians’ vote of confidence in LRT

lrt security: fighting the terrorist threat INSIDE: Special focus on 25 years of DLR

APTA Conference UK Tram Summit Decision-makers We ask where debate US light the money will rail policy and come from for

development further systems JANUARY 2013 No. 901 w w w . l r ta . o r g l w w w . t r a m n e w s . n e t £3.80

TAUT_1301_Cover.indd 1 27/11/2012 15:49 60th UITP World Congress and Mobility & City Transport Exhibition

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PubLayout_Adpage.indd Genève_A4_IMove2.indd 1 1 26/10/20125/07/12 9:41:34 16:26 Contents The official journal of the Light Rail Transit Association 4 News 4 JANUARY 2013 Vol. 76 No. 901 Election boost for US transit funding; Beijing’s USD16bn www.tramnews.net metro plans; Le Havre tramway inaugurated; Hurricane EDITORIAL Sandy damages transit; Prague plans 13 new lines. Editor: Simon Johnston Tel: +44 (0)1832 281131 E-mail: [email protected] 8 New UK tramways – finding the money Eaglethorpe Barns, Warmington, Peterborough PE8 6TJ, UK. Headlines from the latest UK Tram Summit, and sobering Associate Editor: Tony Streeter opinion on future funding. E-mail: [email protected] 10 Over 160 new tramways in 35 years Worldwide Editor: Michael Taplin 10 Flat 1, 10 Hope Road, Shanklin, Isle of Wight PO37 6EA, UK. Mike Taplin reviews the rich variety of development of E-mail: [email protected] modern LRT systems over the past three-and-a-half decades. News Editor: John Symons 15 APTA Conference: Developing the dynamic 17 Whitmore Avenue, Werrington, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs ST9 0LW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] The 12th APTA Light Rail Conference took place in November in Salt Lake City. Vic Simons reports. Contributor: Neil Pulling Design: Debbie Nolan 19 Systems Factfile: Adelaide Production Executive: Carla Corrado Adelaide flirted with guided buses, but has realised the value Tel: +44 (0)1832 281134 E-mail: [email protected] of its surviving tramline, reports Mike Taplin. 19 Worldwide Contributors: Aare Olander, Nikolai 25 LRT security and the terrorist threat Semyonov, Sergei Tarkhov (CIS), Mike Russell, Norman Bartlett, Thomas Wagner, Pedro Costa, Richard Felski, Jordi Ibanez (Europe), Terrorism could jeopardise light rail. Simcha Ohrenstein Yoshiri Nogi (Japan), Anthony Bailey, Ian Hammond, Paul Nicholson reports from the Jerusalem Transit Master Plan. (Australia), Vic Simons, Charles Lietwiler, Steve Morgan, Tom Swinney. 29 Worldwide Review LRTA Website and Diary: Brian Lomas Innsbruck and Minsk extend; French President to open E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Dijon’s second stage; Hamburg DT5 trains enter service; Commercial Manager: Vicky Binley Tel: +44 (0)1832 281132 E-mail: [email protected] London’s Victoria line upgrade sees delays cut. 25 Advertising Manager: Andy Adams 34 Letters Tel: +44 (0)1832 281135 E-mail: [email protected] Boston cuts are regrettable; Edinburgh, the world’s most Eaglethorpe Barns, Warmington, Peterborough PE8 6TJ, UK. expensive tramway? Publisher: Howard Johnston 36 Classic Trams: Dresden’s 140th anniversary Tramways & Urban Transit is jointly published by the LRTA and LRTA Publishing on the third Friday of each month preceding the cover date. A full weekend of events was staged in Saxony’s capital at the end of September. Mike Russell was there. LRTA MEMBERSHIP (with TAUT subscription) Tramways & Urban Transit is sent free to all paid-up members of the Light Rail Transit Association. You are welcome to join the LRTA. subscriptions: LRTA Membership Secretary (Dept T06), 2012: A year of mixed experiences 38 Wolseley Road, Sale M33 7AU, UK. SIMON JOHNSTON, Editor BACK ISSUES: Tel: +44 (0)1406 373070 PRINT AND DISTRIBUTION: Warners (Midlands) plc, The Maltings, West Street, Bourne, Lincs PE10 9PH, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1778 391000. As we head into another year, it is congestion and population growth, these LRTA REGISTERED OFFICE: c/o 138 Radnor Avenue, Welling, worth reflecting on a few key points of are crucial if China in particular is to fulfil Kent DA16 2BY. Private company limited by guarantee, No. 5072319 2012: Across Europe we’ve seen further its ambitions in building mega-cities. in England and Wales. economic instability with systems in Closer to home for TAUT, ground- LRTA Chairman: Andrew Braddock. LRTA Deputy Chairman: Vic Simons Spain facing tough times, the closure breaking has taken place in Nottingham, LRTA PUBLISHING REGISTERED OFFICE: c/o 8 Berwick Place, Welwyn Garden City, Herts AL7 4TU. Private Limited Company, No. 06169422 of the Vélez-Malaga tramway and the and the West Midlands, and Manchester in England and Wales. continued non-opening of the system in continues to develop the UK’s first fully- © LRTA Publishing 2012. Jaen. Rail projects in Italy and Greece fledged LRT network. Although work is Articles are submitted on the understanding they may also later be used have also been significantly delayed as finally moving along ‘on schedule’ in on our websites or other media. A contribution is accepted on the basis that governments wrestle with debt. Edinburgh, serious questions remain. its author is responsible for the opinions expressed in it, and such opinions Other countries have pushed on, with Will the tramway open in 2014 as are not those of LRTA Publishing or the LRTA. All rights reserved. No part of this magazine may be reproduced or transmitted in any form a handful of new systems in France and promised? We hope so. by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording further extensions and fleet renewals in Lastly, the UK has delivered the or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior Switzerland, Austria and Germany. Olympics and Paralympics in style – permission in writing from the copyright owner. Multiple copying of the contents of the magazine without prior written approval is not permitted. In the US, a previously uncertain truly living up to the Olympic Delivery political climate gained stability with Authority’s aim of a ‘Public Transport

progressive President Obama gaining a Games’. Transport for London performed

THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE HEADLINES l election results second term and further committing to flawlessly during July, August and boost for us funding

l le havre joins french tramway club l australians’ vote of public transport schemes. Increasingly, September, delivering millions to the confidence in lrt the US is looking to Europe for lessons Games causing minimum disruption to (see the APTA Conference, page 15) and the operations of the capital. Jerusalem’s tramway European operators and manufacturers In the 25th anniversary year of the takes the threat of are only too happy to offer their expertise. Docklands Light Railway, the way terrorism seriously, and The avalanche of new projects in China London’s rail-borne networks revelled in lrt security: fighting the terrorist threat has a comprehensive and the Far East continues with metro the challenge proves that light and urban INSIDE: Special focus on 25 years of DLR APTA Conference UK Tram Summit security plan – development and the first modern street- rail in all forms works as a long-term Decision-makers We ask where debate US light the money will rail policy and come from for development further systems JANUARY explained on page 25. 2013 No. 901 running tram schemes. Grappling with solution if the investment is there... w w w . l r ta . o r g l w w w . t r a m n e w s . n e t £3.80

TAUT_1301_Cover.indd 1 27/11/2012 15:49 Simcha Ohrenstein

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org JANUARY 2013 3

3_TAUT1301_Contents.indd 1 28/11/2012 12:05 News Edinburgh Election results boost report confirms on time and for us transit funding IN addition to President Obama winning a second to the city’s USD5.2bn light metro. Construction will on budget four-year term, signalling a continuation of the resume once court-ordered archeological studies pro-transit policies and investment by the Federal are finished. In Arlington, Virginia, voters approved A REPORT on the UK’s Edin- Transportation Administration, the 6 November a USD31.9m transportation bond that will benefit burgh Tramway says the con- national elections saw several local polls determine Washington metro improvements, while in Virginia tractual completion date of July transit issues. Beach there was a 62% majority in favour of extend- 2014 “will be achieved.” It adds, In North Carolina 59% of Orange County vot- ing the Norfolk light rail line to serve the town. however, that efforts are “being ers approved a half-cent sales tax for transit pro- In Los Angeles, Measure J was just defeated (a made to improve on that.” jects, including the proposed Durham – Chapel Hill two-thirds majority was needed for approval) – this The project remains in line light rail. Charles Hales, a rail transit advocate, was would have extended the existing half-cent sales tax with the revised budget approved elected to become Portland’s next mayor. However to cover the period 2039-2069, so there will be no in September 2011, it says. voters in Clark County, Washington State, refused a immediate effect. Alameda County voters in Cali- Among other things the re- sales tax increase that would have helped fund the fornia narrowly defeated a half-cent sales tax in- port, published by the City of Columbia River Crossing, including Portland’s light crease dedicated to transportation, including fund- Edinburgh Council, details vari- rail link with Vancouver. The resulting USD2.5m ing for the BART Pleasanton – Livermore extension. ous increases in costs that led to loss in funding will probably not be a crucial factor Houston, Texas, voters approved a referendum di- the project price soaring from in stalling the USD3.5bn project. verting one-quarter of sales tax revenue raised by an anticipated GBP478.27m In Hawaii pro-rail candidate Kirk Caldwell won METRO to local jurisdictions, to use for roads pro- (EUR595.79m) to GBP776m the Honolulu mayoral election, removing a challenge jects. This may slow light rail expansion. (EUR966m). They include on- street infrastructure costs, which rose from GBP9.5m (EUR11.8m) to GBP38.8m (EUR48.3m); and off-street costs which climbed from GBP 49.77m (EUR61.97m) to GBP148.8m (EUR185.3m). The report confirms that efforts are ongoing to dispose of the trams declared surplus when the decision was taken to scale the tramway back to its current trun- cated 13.5km (eight-mile) route. A further update is expected in early 2013. . It was expected that the overhead line between Gogar and the Airport would be energised from 26 November to allow test running and driver training to begin at speeds up to 45mph (72km/h). Various stops have yet to be fully constructed, but the section is expected to be complete and handed over to the council by the end of March. The last of the major utility diversion works was also completed during November. Siemens has recently received the first of a new batch of SiemensS70 LRVs for Houston, at a time of renewed uncertainty . The council report is available about the expansion of the system. MTA at www.edinburgh.gov.uk/news/ article/1047/tram_finances_put_ to_new_governance_risk_and_ best_value_committee Beijing invests USD 16bn in rail transit Tel Aviv LRV tender THE Chinese capital will invest CNY100bn (USD16bn) Tenders have been invited to build 200km (125 miles) more metro in the next three by NTA – Metropolitan Mass years, bringing the network to 660km (410 miles). The Transit System in Tel Aviv for system carried 7 million passengers/day in 2011, but this 90 LRVs, with an option for has already increased to over 8 million/day. 30 more, for delivery to the By the end of 2015 there will be three circle lines, four 23km (14.3-mile) LRT project east–west lines, five north–south lines and eight radial by 2017. lines; 70km (43.5 miles) was added to the metro in De- NTA will accept bids until cember 2012, with the opening of line 6 and extensions to June 2013, and the winning lines 8, 9 and 10, taking the system past London’s total km. bidder be announced in Beijing’s first metro line opened in 1969 and rapid ex- the third quarter. Recently pansion of the system began in 2003. Line 14 is the first updated estimates predict metro to be built under a PPP concession, awarded to a joint that the Red line will carry venture of MTR Corporation (Hong Kong), Beijing Capital 240 000 passengers a day Group and Beijing Infrastructure Investment Corporation. when it opens in 2017. The first 12.7km (7.9 miles) is to open in 2013, with the One of the newest Beijing metro trains that has consortium operating and maintaining the line for 30 years. replaced the original stock on line 1. D. Gofman

4 january 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

4-7_TAUT1301_News.indd 1 27/11/2012 12:24 Le Havre tramway inauguration THE 13km (eight-mile) standard-gauge tramway with 23 stops, built at a cost of EUR395m, for the city of Le Havre was to be inaugurated on 12 December, returning trams to the Normandy city for the first time in 59 years. Le Havre had a first-generation tramway from 1874 to 1951. The decision to go ahead was taken on 10 July 2007, and after a public inquiry in 2009, the first construction work started in 2010. The Council of the urban community has contributed EUR237m towards the cost, and other public authorities EUR87.5m (State EUR48.1m, Départment EUR19.47m, Ré- gion EUR10m and EU EUR10m). EUR67.5m has been raised from the versement transport employer tax. There are two lines, with a common section from Porte Océane to Place Jenner via Gare SNCF, plus branches east to Caucriauville- Pré fleuri and west to Grande Hameau. A three-minute peak frequency is offered to Por- te Océane and six-minute frequency on each branch, with services operating 05.30-24.00. An Alstom Citadis on trial in Le Havre earlier in 2012. B. J. Traunbahn One third of the city’s 90 000 inhabitants will be within five minutes walk of a tram stop. tember 2012. Project management was led by for two more trams; one of these has been ex- The common section passes under the old SYSTRA. ercised, bringing the fleet to 22 cars. The first town in a new 575m tunnel, built parallel On 1 July 2010 Alstom was awarded a of these was delivered on 13 February 2012 to the existing road tunnel. The first trams EUR54.6m contract for 20 32m Citadis 302 to the depot at Bléville near Grand Hameau, a through the tunnel were tested on 24 Sep- 100% low-floor trams, with four options, each new facility built on the site of a bus garage.

Automated tracklaying begins on Nottingham Phase Two

LARGE sections of the new lines be- lowing the depth of sections of the ing created under the expansion of track structure to be reduced, cutting Nottingham’s tramway will use Al- the time required to lay the tracks and stom’s Appitrack (Automatic Pin and also reducing the vibration through Plate Insertion for Track) automated surrounding structures, it is expected slabtrack-laying technology, which the system can lay up to 200m of track was demonstrated for the public at an per day in Nottingham, rather than ‘Open Doors’ event held in November 60m-80m using conventional methods. by Taylor Woodrow Alstom, the part- It is has been confirmed that the nership building lines 2 and 3. Appitrack system will be used for As part of the event, the Appitrack 35% of line B and 45% of line C. machine laid the first 120m of track Some 403m of single track was laid foundations for Nottingham Express in a day in Orléans in March 2011 – a Transit Phase Two. It is the first time world record. Appitrack has been used in the UK. Terence Watson, Managing Direc- Tramway construction in the UK is tor of Alstom Transport, UK and Ire- often criticised for what is claimed to land, said: “The event went extremely Alstom’s automated Appitrack system consists of a slipforming be unnecessary depths used for track well, with about 300 people coming section that lays the concrete and a following vehicle that inserts the foundation, and the use of Appitrack along to take a look at the information addresses some of these issues. Aimed about our work and, most importantly, track plates into the wet concrete. It will be used extensively on the at reducing disruption, noise and in- we were able to make the first use of Phase Two expansion of Nottingham Express Transit. Alstom convenience to local residents by al- Appitrack in the UK.”

Almaty light rail project gets European funding Calgary opens West LRT Monday 10 December was THE European Bank for Reconstruction & Development (EBRD) has signed a memorandum of under- to see the launch of Calgary’s standing with the Kazakh city of Almaty for finance for a 14km (8.7-mile) light rail line, estimated to cost 8km (five-mile) West LRT line in EUR300m. It is expected to progress via a public private partnership, and Czech firm Inekon has been se- the south-west suburbs. Local lected to supply 34 LRVs. The EBRD has judged that light rail will be faster and cheaper to build than metro. officials estimated pre-opening Almaty is operating two tramlines at present (routes 4 and 6), but only a limited service can be provided that more that than 30 000 due to frequent technical defects with the available 18 Tatra trams that were obtained second-hand from passengers would ride the Chemnitz, Dresden, Leipzig and Schwerin in Germany. line on opening day, which As recently as 1989 there were 186 trams providing service on a 92km (57-mile) network with eight includes six new stations. routes. Tramway operation started in December 1937. Construction on the project Metro construction started in 1988, but the first 7.6km (4.7-mile) section of line did not open until Decem- began in February 2010. ber 2011, and there is no finance for expansion.

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4-7_TAUT1301_News.indd 2 27/11/2012 12:24 News Tramlink HURRICANE Sandy knocks viability study out north-east transit to Sutton HURRICANE SANDY, which confirmed was downgraded to a tropical storm as it crossed the New Jer- BORIS JOHNSON, Mayor of sey coast just south of Atlantic London, has ordered Transport City on 29 October, caused sig- for London (TfL) to look at the nificant damage to transit facili- viability of bringing trams to ties in New Jersey and New York. Sutton as part of plans to extend All transit systems from Norfolk the network. He has requested a to Boston were shut down in ad- feasibility study following repre- vance as a precaution, mostly on sentations from local councillors. Sunday evening, 28 October. Sutton Council has welcomed The storm and associated tidal the decision, which would see surge caused severe flooding, par- the Wimbledon line extended to ticularly in Atlantic City, Hobo- Sutton town centre via Morden ken and lower Manhattan, with town centre, Rose Hill and St seawater reaching the roof of sev- Helier Hospital as well as pro- eral subway stations on the PATH viding links to a number of po- and NYCMTA networks. Whilst tential development sites. service in cities such as Wash- However the priority for ex- ington, Philadelphia and Boston CCTV coverage shows floodwater pouring into PATH’s Hoboken subway station tensions to the UK system re- were able to resume as soon as in- on the evening of 29 October. PATH mains with the Crystal Palace spections had been carried out on proposal, which is the most de- Tuesday 30 October, PATH (New lines 4, 5, 6 and 7 re-started on November. PATH resumed run- veloped in terms of feasibility. York – New Jersey) and New 3 November, followed on 5 No- ning from Journal Sq to 33rd St . The Central Croydon loop was York MTA had to curtail service vember by most other suspended in Manhattan on 6 November. closed over the end of October/ for many days. In New York there services apart from line 1 south Newark light rail started running early November period while was no subway service south of of Chambers St, line R from Ca- again on 7 November. London Tramlink carried out track 34th St on Manhattan, or between nal St to Brooklyn, lines J and Z By 9 November the New York improvement works; replacement Manhattan and Brooklyn (seven south of Chambers St, and the subways were almost back to buses operated between Reeves tunnels were flooded). whole of lines G and L. Coney normal, with just line 1 Cham- Corner and Sandilands. Limited commuter rail service Island and the Rockaways still bers St – South Ferry and line resumed on Wednesday 31 Oc- had no subway service. R Chambers St – Brooklyn sus- tober, with more the following Hudson – Bergen light rail re- pended. The A line was restored day. River line light rail service sumed service south of Hoboken to Howard Beach (for JFK) on 11 between Trenton and Camden on 5 November and between 8th November, with the Rockaways resumed at 15.00 on 31 October. St and Hoboken on 9 Novem- still cut off. Line 1 trains reached New York subway service on ber. Full services restarted on 12 Rector St on 12 November.

Prague plans 13 new tramlines THE Czech capital has announced plans for 13 new sections of tramway estimated to cost CZK1bn (approx. EUR40m). Work will start next year on A view not often seen in the modern extensions from Divoka Sarka to age; on Friday 2 November the points Dedina and from Barrandov to at the Church Street stop in Croydon Holyne and Slivence. The plans malfunctioned meaning they had include the restoration of tracks to be changed manually. This view in Václavské náměstí (Wenceslas shows the driver of tram 2544 with a Square), at the heart of the city. route 3 service from New Addington The city is hoping to secure EU to Wimbledon using the points bar. funding to meet part of the cost: Tony Sullivan . Divoká Šárka – Dědinská (2.1km, 1.3 miles) . Nádraží Podbaba – Suchdol Tallinn chooses CAF (4.5km, 2.8 miles) Tallinna Linnatranspordi AS, . Zlíchov – Dvorce (Dvorecký the transportation agency for most) (800m, 0.5 miles) the Estonian capital of Tallinn, . Václavské náměstí has signed a EUR44.25m (670m, 0.4 miles) contract with Spanish . Na Florenci (530m, 0.33 miles) . Chodovská – Spořilov - Above: It is nearly 40 years since company CAF for 15 new . Kobylisy – Bohnice Opatov – Háje (6.5km, 4 miles) trams last ran through Wenceslas low-floor trams for delivery (5.5km, 3.4 miles) . Sídliště Barrandov – Holyně – . Square in the centre of Prague. in 2014-15, with an option Na Veselí – Pankrác – Slivenec (1.5km, 0.93 miles) This 1972 view shows a line-up of for 15 more. The only other Budějovická (1.5km, 0.9 miles) . Sídliště Modřany – Libuš . Tatra T3 trams headed by 6692. bidder was Stadler Pankow. Budějovická – Dvorce (1.8km, 1.1 miles) M. R. Taplin (2.7km, 1.67 miles) . Počernická (2.1km, 1.3 miles)

6 january 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

4-7_TAUT1301_News.indd 3 27/11/2012 12:25 metrolinK: Rochdale delays, but good progress on the Airport line

FOLLOWING test running of 580-tonne bridge that will carry trams beyond Oldham Mumps, the new line was installed over it is expected that Manchester the M60 motorway over the first Metrolink (UK) will be extended weekend in November. A sec- to Shaw & Crompton early in ond structure was to be installed 2013. The Rochdale extension across the M56 motorway over is not now expected to open un- the last weekend in November. til the summer – 12 months later TfGM is also awaiting the re- than originally expected – as it sults of the feasibility study into will require extra driver training the introduction of tram-trains, along the lengthy single line sec- which was due at the year-end. tion between Newbold and Roch- The study is examining the pos- dale as well as implementation of sibility of conversion of the Mar- the Tram Management System ple, Glossop/Hadfield and Wigan (TMS). via Atherton lines as well as the Delays to the opening of the extension of the Altrincham line East Manchester line as far as to Knutsford and the conversion Droylsden continue, although of the freight line from Didsbury driver training was taking place to Hazel Grove. in November and the new TMS was installed along the line and Above: The outer terminus of the Rochdale route, located in under test. It was also being in- the town centre’s Smith Street, seen during the early stages of stalled in the Piccadilly station construction on 26 October 2012. Mike Haddon undercroft area and the hope was that services could begin before the end of 2012. Good progress Left: This jacked up bridge superstructure, seen on 11 November is also being made on the infra- 2012, was being prepared for manoeuvring into place over structure of the section beyond the M56 motorway, as one of the major engineering projects Droylsden to Ashton, with poles involved in the construction of Metrolink’s Manchester Airport and overhead line installation due Line. The move, to be achieved using multiple remote controlled to be completed by the New Year. powered road bogies, was due to be accomplished over the On the Airport line, a weekend of 24/25 November 2012. Mike Haddon Canberra election Public forum votes for Toronto suburb LRT network result a green central Sydney LRT gains approval light for trams A packed public forum at Sydney’s Town Hall Tooront City Council ap- in early November overwhelmingly endorsed plans proved the master agreement for The outcome of elections in the Australian Capital for a new light rail line along George Street, re- the CAD8.4bn (EUR6.5bn) subur- Territory has brought light rail one big step closer. jecting a competing proposal for an underground ban LRT network on 1 November. The previous Labour government had promised bus tunnel as driving potential revenue away from The first two Bombardier- ar money to a light rail feasibility study, while the surface retail outlets. ticulated trams are now undergo- Green Party had promised to go ahead. The Greens The forum, attended by around 700 people, ing tests after being unveiled on won the balance of power in the election and as part showed almost unanimous support for the light rail 15 November. TTC has said the of a coalition deal with Labour, has secured a prom- proposal, while the bus tunnel met with ridicule from production batch will see 42 of ise that light rail will go ahead during the term of industry lobbies and experts. The vote followed a the 52 existing ALRVs replaced the new government, with the aim that tracklaying panel discussion of experts and supporters of both in 2014, along with 14 CLRVs. will start in 2016. A statutory independent authority projects, including Lord Mayor Clover Moore. The remaining ALRVs will will be established to implement the scheme. Citing international evidence showing rapid go in 2015 and the last CLRV in The 13km (eight-mile) line 1 between Gungahlin growth in rail patronage, Professor Peter Newman 2018. St Clair, Spadina, Bathurst, and the central area is estimated to cost AUD614m – Infrastructure Australia board member and pro- Fleet St, Roncevalles and Queens (EUR499m), though there are hopes this may be an fessor of sustainability at Curtin University – said Quay will be converted for pan- over-estimate. the bus tunnel scheme looked like “the last gasp of tograph operation by 2014. A public-private partnership is one possible way the old way of thinking” and that it had been “put to develop and finance the scheme. together by a series of lobby groups”.

Steam power returns to the London Underground A STEAM-HAULED passenger train will run on Trains will also operate on 20 January and will the original section of the London Undergound’s use newly-restored Metropolitan steam locomotive Metropolitan line on 13 January to recreate the first No. 1, electric locomotive No. 12, and vintage car- public underground railway journey on the system, riages. A public ballot was held to allocate tickets which took place on 10 January 1863 between Pad- at prices between GBP50 (EUR63) and GBP180 The first new BombardierFlexity for dington and Farringdon. The tunnels are now part (EUR225) for the various trains. Toronto was delivered by rail from of the Underground’s Circle and Hammersmith & Additional heritage runs are to take place later Thunder Bay. Note the trolley pole in City lines. in the year. this rear view. TTC

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4-7_TAUT1301_News.indd 4 27/11/2012 12:26 News Analysis

New UK tramways – where will the money come from? Howard Johnston reports from the latest UKTram Summit, and offers some sobering opinion on funding for future UK LRT projects.

ash-rich pension funds – a good source of finance for Above: Manchester’s for any project without much more detailed justification major infrastructure projects, including light schemes Metrolink extension and tougher business case examination. Traditionally, – are being discouraged from investing their money to Oldham on 26 local transport schemes were individually approved from Cin such ways because the UK Government is not sending out October 2012. London ‘HQ’, and funded under a centralised bidding the correct signals. This view in Union process, with cities competing for attention. Some local Up to GBP2bn – and possibly as much as ten times that Street, Oldham, money was also available to top this up. amount – might be available for much-needed improvements looking west at Looking to 2015 and beyond, the Government has now to the nation’s infrastructure if the terms are right, Taylor the King Street devolved much of the decision-making to the regions, Ferguson from global financial specialist Grant Thornton told intersection shows with funding allocated according to population. How well the latest UKTram Summit in Birmingham on 9 November. the completed light rail fares obviously depends upon how much cities Concerns about the lack of a national ten-year programme section of double press for their own schemes. There were some long faces for developing essential infrastructure, vital to the UK’s track in the in the UKTram audience because there is nothing is on the economic recovery, were raised by senior planners, foreground that stocks beyond current extensions to existing schemes in manufacturers and suppliers from the light rail industry. They marks the western Manchester, Nottingham, and the West Midlands, and the were meeting at the invitation of UK Under-Parliamentary end of the Oldham South Yorkshire tram-train trial, with London Tramlink Secretary of State Norman Baker, who is keen to get a better town centre street and Docklands talking about more lines, and Liverpool and understanding of the reputedly high cost of schemes, their running section. Leeds continually frustrated. over-complexity, the lack of expertise and continuity in Mr Ferguson stressed that a long-term view and the UK, and above all how to fund them without drawing Beyond it work integrated approach is essential to release large sums excessively on central government funding. is underway on of money for projects. Now that the Government has Mr Ferguson expressed his concern that while it may be construction of devolved responsibility to the regions, a complete buy-in is tough to find money for brand new city light rail projects, the off-street King essential from the increasingly influential Local Enterprise the route seems much clearer for further extensions to Street stop. Partnerships, local authorities and transport bodies. existing tramways such as Manchester, Nottingham and the Mike Haddon Funding needs to come from a mixture of sources, and West Midlands. proposed projects must demonstrate that they are good He explained the current mood of the UK Government, value for money, well managed, and also good for the which is no longer prepared to make outright gifts of money environment. TAUT

8 january 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

08-09_TAUT1301_Tram Summit_v2.indd 1 26/11/2012 16:15 SEVEN WAYS OF RAISING MONEY FOR UK TRAMWAYS Tax Incremental Finance employers inside the (TIF): Local authorities can Nottingham City Council borrow against detailed administrative boundary with estimates of additional 11 or more parking places future income they can earn (excluding those for disabled from increases in business Blue Badge Holders) at rates. Sadly, tram schemes a rate GBP288 a year. generally take too long to Nationwide, this idea is build to fit in with this idea. unpopular, and Bristol (the only other city involved), has City Deals: Six areas of already dropped its GBP1 the UK have been given per day scheme to try and permission to raise money fund a bus rapid transit based on growth, local scheme. resource and hopefully private investment. Three Business Rate Supplement (Manchester, Birmingham and (BRS): Major local authorities Nottingham/Newcastle/ can add a 2% surcharge Sheffield) are already off the to businesses provided the mark with tramways, while money is spent on economic the others (Bristol, Leeds and development. This is another Liverpool) are not. political hot potato, and Fourteen other areas only London has so far taken have been invited to fight this up, again to help fund for membership of the City Crossrail. Deal club, but it is not clear whether any of them see light Local/Municipal Bonds: rail investment as being at Southampton could lead all important. the way in this respect by borrowing GBP100m to Community Infrastructure back a range of projects, Levy (CIL): Authorities can which could secure raise funds from developers additional funding from the and borrow against future EU. Other authorities are income, which is transparent, watching with interest. fair and fast. London’s Crossrail has earned Pension Funds: In a climate GBP300m from this scheme, where public finances are and while GBP1bn could be strained and banks are raised nationally by 2016, under pressure, this could be this will still only pay for a a useful source of funding percentage of even one for capital projects. While major tramway project. GBP20bn may eventually become available, pension Workplace Charging: funds are unclear on the UK Nottingham has raised Government’s attitude to GBP14m for its tramway the promise of a return on extensions by charging their lending.

WHO WILL ULTIMATELY PAY FOR UK LIGHT RAIL INVESTMENTS? Above: UK Transport Minister Norman Local Businesses Local Residents UK Taxpayers Baker (left) launches the work on the TIF Yes Yes (Council Tax?) No Midland Metro tram extension in Bull St, City Deal No No Yes Birmingham in June 2012 with Centro CIL Yes No No Chief Executive and UKTram Chairman Workplace Sharing Yes Yes No Geoff Inskip. Does the next decade only offer BRS Yes No No extensions to existing UK systems? Centro

UK ‘NEEDS A TEN-YEAR LRT PIPELINE’ l Is UK light Next month: rail really more A senior UK light rail figure believes that project costs can be cut by as much as 10% expensive than simply by coming up with a ten-year roll-out plan for new schemes. More from anywhere else in David Hand, Director of Mott MacDonald’s Light Rail divsion, says the industry the world? urgently needs a pipeline of new projects. At the same time, there needs to be greater the UKTram efforts made to reduce their complexity, with smarter procurement, and better risk l Where could management. He said: “2012 has been a good year, but we need to know where Summit the next new UK we are for the next ten.” tramway be?

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org January 2013 9

08-09_TAUT1301_Tram Summit_v2.indd 2 26/11/2012 16:15 35 Years of modern LRT Over 16 0 new tramways in 35 years… and 56 more on the way Mike Taplin reviews the rich variety of development of modern light rail systems around the world over the past three-and-a-half decades.

y the 1970s, the era of mass tramway closures had for the best part ended. Instead, increasing urbanisation and global instability in the energy Bmarkets throughout the course of the decade prompted both urban and transport planners to think how light rail and trams could offer road users an effective alternative to private motoring and congestion. The Canadian city of Edmonton, in the oil-rich Alberta province, was the first to adopt a modern light rail system based on the German example of Frankfurt-am-Main, complete with Düwag U2 LRVs. Calgary soon followed, and then San Diego in California became the first US system of the modern era. Since the 1980s the pace of new system openings has accelerated (ten in 1987, including London’s Docklands Light Railway, featured in the special 25th anniversary supplement with this issue of TAUT), as has the geographic spread of modern trams, though the US, and later France, have been the leaders. Low-floor modern vehicles, pioneered in Geneva, were a feature of the latter. Of course there have also been a few closures during the last 30 years as well, some overtaken by events (like the Houten shuttle in the Netherlands, only intended as Above: Where it all Below: The UK’s first a stop-gap measure until a heavy rail local service came began. Edmonton ‘There have also modern LRT system; along) and some systems in the former Soviet Union and used a wide railway been closures in the Tyne & Wear Romania, put out of business by economic shifts and alignment to the Metro with car 4001 official indifference. To counter this, it is good to see that north-east suburbs in its original livery Kazakhstan at least recognises there is a case for new the last 30 years, tramways in that region. coupled to a city at Pelaw. Furthermore, the most recent global economic crisis has centre subway. A some overtaken by Foter/CC BY-SA forced the curtailment of services on some of the newer train of Siemens events and some by systems in Spain while construction on other systems in SD160 LRVs is seen other parts of the world has slowed due to the challenging near 112th Avenue. economic shifts and J. May financial climate. official indifference.’ Longevity and appeal In addition to these city systems, another aspect is shown by the over 50 new heritage tramways (often museum cars running in public streets), which may not provide full-time revenue services (although some do), but which capture the essential affection for the tramway as a fun way to travel and can be a vital factor in city centre rejuvenation. All these schemes have been given the go-ahead after careful evaluation that has shown that the tramway offers the best value for money, taking into account its ability to attract passengers (particularly private car users) and the longevity of its assets. How many passengers riding a San Francisco PCC today realise they are in a vehicle over 65 years old? They would if they were in a 65-year-old bus. For systems that have modernised operations with newer vehicles the withdrawal of first-generation trams and LRVs has given new systems their chance to get off the ground, the latest example being the Argentinian city of Mendoza. Pace of development France and the USA lead the way with over 20 new systems each and more to come in each country (by one count there are some 40 schemes at various stages of planning in the US, including many city centre circulators); what a contrast with Britain’s eight and just Edinburgh to come. A country

10 january 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

10-13_TAUT1301_Tramways 1978-2012.indd 1 27/11/2012 09:51 Full service tramways opened (163) Year Openings 1978 Edmonton (CA) 1980 Tyne & Wear (GB), Staryi Oskol (RU) 1981 Calgary (CA), Helwan (EG)*, San Diego (US) 1982 Rio de Janeiro (BR)* 1983 Utrecht (NL) 1984 Buffalo (US), Constanta (RO)*, Manila (PH), Volgograd (RU) 1985 Nantes (FR), Tunis (TN) 1986 Kriviy Rih (UA), Portland (US)(1st) 1987 Brasov (RO)*, Buenos Aires (AR)(1st), Cluj-Napoca (RO), Craiova (RO), Grenoble (FR), London Docklands (GB), Ploesti (RO), Sacramento (US), San Jose (US), Sofia (BG) 1988 Masyr (BY), Resita (RO), Tuen-Mun (CN-HK), Ust-Ilimsk (RU), Valencia (ES) 1989 Guadalajara (MX), Istanbul (TR)(1st) 1990 Genova (IT), Los Angeles (US)(1st) 1991 Botosani (RO), Campinas (BR)*, Cheryomushki (RU), Karlsruhe (DE)(tt), Lausanne (CH), Monterrey (MX), Pyongyang (KP)(1st) 1992 Baltimore (US), Istanbul (TR)(2nd), Konya (TR), Manchester (GB), Paris (FR)(1st) 1993 St Louis (US) 1994 Denver (US), Geneva SBB (CH)(tt), Rouen (FR), Sheffield (GB), Strasbourg (FR) 1995 Buenos Aires (AR)(2nd) 1996 Ankara (TR), Dallas (US), Kuala Lumpur (MY), Oberhausen (DE), Pyongyang (KP)(2nd) 1997 Izmir (TR), Saarbrücken (DE)(tt), Sydney (AU) 1998 Paris (FR)(2nd) 1999 Alicante (ES), Chongjin (KP), Salt Lake City (US), West Midlands (GB) 2000 Hudson-Bergen (US), London Croydon (GB), Lyon (FR), Montpellier (FR), Orléans (FR), Stockholm (SE) 2001 Heilbronn (DE), Houten (NL)*, Ottawa (CA)(d), Portland (US)(2nd) 2002 Bilbao (ES), Bursa (TR), Porto (PT) 2003 Bordeaux (FR), Changchun (CN), Los Angeles (US)(2nd), Messina (IT), Rijn – Gouwe (NL)(tt)*, Tacoma (US) 2004 Athina (GR), Barcelona x 2 (ES), Caen (FR)(r), Camden – Trenton (US)(d), Dublin x 2 (IR), Eskisehir (TR), Heilbronn (DE)(tt), Houston (US), Minneapolis (US), Nordhausen (DE)(tt), Nottingham (GB) 2006 Aulnay – Bondy (FR)(tt), Clermont-Ferrand (FR)(r), Den Haag (NL)(tt), Zürich Glattal (CH), Kassel (DE)(tt), Mulhouse (FR), Paris (FR)(3rd), Sassari (IT), Toyama (JP)(tt), Valenciennes (FR), Vélez-Malaga (ES)* 2007 Almada (PT), Buenos Aires (AR)(3rd), Cagliari (IT), Charlotte (US), Le Mans (FR), Madrid x 2 (ES), Marseille (FR), Murcia (ES), Nice (FR), Padova (IT)(r), Parla (ES), Santa Cruz de Tenerife (ES), Seattle (US), Sevilla (ES), Tianjin (CN)(r) 2008 Cagliari (IT), Gasteiz – Vitoria (ES), Oceanside – Escondido (US)(d), Phoenix (US) 2009 Bergamo (IT), Adana (TR), Antalya (TR), Keyseri (TR), Stourbridge (GB)(tt), Seattle (US)(2nd) 2010 Austin (US)(d), Bergen (NO), Firenze (IT), Samsun (TR), Sevilla (ES)(2nd), Stockholm (SE)(2nd), Toulouse (FR), Vancouver (CA)*, Venezia – Mestre (IT)(r) 2011 Algiers (DZ), Angers (FR), Gaziantep (TR), Jaen (ES), Jerusalem (IL), Mulhouse (FR)(tt), Nantes – Clisson (FR)(tt), Norfolk (US), Rabat-Salé (MA), Reims (FR), Zaragoza (ES) 2012 Brest (FR), Casablance (MA), Denton – Dallas (US)(d), Mendoza (AR), Dijon (FR), Le Havre (FR), Lyon – Ouest (FR)(tt)

Tram-train operations (included in above) 1991 Karlsruhe 1994 Geneve – La Plaine (SBB) 2003 Rijn – Gouwe* 2004 Heilbronn, Nordhausen 2006 Aulnay – Bondy, Den Haag (RandstadRail), Kassel, Toyama 2009 Stourbridge 2011 Mulhouse, Nantes – Clisson 2012 Lyon-Ouest * since closed (d) diesel light rail (r) rubber-tyred system (tt) tram-train For country codes, see p13

like Turkey (11 new systems and another to come) puts this despite the efforts of semantic purists to prove otherwise. level of development to shame. The key benefits of rail-borne urban transit – i.e. reducing The French are arguably the most successful in exporting congestion, pollution and creating more attractive cities and technology and expertise to a host of new systems, mostly regions – should be available in a variety of formats to suit the in North Africa and the Middle East. And of course, the location. The rise of the tram-train only blurs the distinction success of the mode has been developed as many of the further, while at the other end of the spectrum rail-guided new systems mentioned here have continued to expand rubber-tyred vehicles are a further challenge to definitions. taking the original line as the basis for a more widespread The lists on these pages do not resort to categorisation network as the benefits are realised. therefore, but do include some notes to aid identification. Tramways & Urban Transit has always asserted that there is Separated lines in cities such as in Paris and Los Angeles no clear dividing line between tramway, light rail and metro, are counted individually. TAUT

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10-13_TAUT1301_Tramways 1978-2012.indd 2 27/11/2012 09:51 35 Years of modern LRT

Under construction or approved (56) Aarhus (DK)(tt), Abu Dhabi (AE), Abuja (NG)(d), Addis Ababa (ET), Astana (KZ), Atlanta (US), Aubagne (FR), Avignon (FR), Batna (DZ), Besançon (FR), Biel/Bienne (CH), Bursa (TR) (3rd), Cadiz (ES) (tt), Cincinnati (US), Constantine (DZ), Dallas (US)(2nd), Doha (QA), Dubai (AE), Edinburgh (GB), El Paso (US), Fort Lauderdale (US), Gold Coast (AU), Granada (ES), Hanoi (VN)(r), Hasselt – Maastricht (BE/NL)(tt), Kansas City (US), Kaohsiung (TW), København (DK), Los Angeles (3rd), Liege (BE), Lugano (CH), Luxembourg (LU), Manacor – Arta (ES,)(tt), Medellin (CO)(r), Milwaukee (US), Odense (DK), Olsztyn (PL), Oran (DZ), Ottawa (CA), Palermo (IT), Perth (AU), Qatar (QA), Salt Lake City (US) (2nd), St Louis (US)(2nd),Santa Rosa – San Rafael (US)(d), San Antonio (US), Santos (BR), Seattle (US)(3rd), Sheffield – Rotherham (UK)(tt), Shenyang (CN), Tel Aviv (IL), Toronto (CA)(2nd), Tucson (US), Washington DC (US), Waterloo – Kitchener (CA), Xiamen (CN) Above: Mendoza’s light rail system, that opened in 2012, uses Siemens-Düwag U2 LRVs surplus to requirements to the US city of San Diego. P. Anglat / ffcc.panglat.com.ar

heritage tramways (55) 1968 Montevideo (UR)* 1980 Buenos Aires (AR) 1982 Seattle (US)* 1984 Fort Collins (US), Lowell (US), Rockford (US), Santos (BR) 1985 Kimberley (ZA)* 1986 Chisholm (US), Victor Harbor (AU) 1988 Galveston (US)(d) 1989 Dallas (US) 1990 Istanbul (TR)(1st), Molochne (UA) 1991 Fort Smith (US), Portland (US), Stockholm (SE) Above: The busiest heritage tramway is San Francisco route F, 1992 Nelson (CA) linking Fisherman’s Wharf and Castro. At the latter terminus is 66-year-old PCC 1078, originally built for Minneapolis-St Paul, 1993 Memphis (US0, Tucson (US) which arrived in San Francisco via Newark and is now painted in 1994 Birkenhead (GB), Christchurch (NZ), Edmonton (CA), Naumburg (DE) San Diego livery. P. Ehrlich 1996 Arnhem (NL), Charlotte (US) 1997 A Coruña (ES)*, Lima (PE) 1998 Bergen (NO) 1999 Antalya (TR), Astoria (US), Vancouver (CA) 2000 Kenosha (US), San Francisco (US), Whitehorse (CA) 2001 Issaquah (US), Mar del Plata (AR)* 2002 El Reno (US)(d), Grove-Los Angeles (US), Tampa (US) 2003 Istanbul (TR)(2nd), San Pedro (US) 2004 Belém (BR), Iquique (CL), Little Rock (US) 2007 Döbeln (DE) 2008 Quilmes (AR), Beijing (CN), Glendale-Los Angeles (US), Savannah (US) 2011 Bursa (TY), Auckland (NZ) 2012 Franschoek (ZA), Mrozy (PL), Oranjestad (AW)

Above: The summer of 2012 saw a major improvement to London * since closed Tramlink’s Wimbledon route with the commissioning of a second track between Mitcham Junction and Mitcham. On 9 October 2012 car 2546 (d) diesel light rail is seen approaching Willow Lane bridge, close to the eastern end of (r) rubber-tyred system (tt) tram-train the newly-doubled route; the new track is on the left. Mike Haddon

12 january 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

10-13_TAUT1301_Tramways 1978-2012.indd 3 27/11/2012 12:30 Left: The first tram- iso country codes train in Japan was AE United Arab Emirates IT Italy the Toyama port AR Argentina KP North Korea line which opened AU Australia KZ Kazakhstan in 2006. Toyama AW Aruba MA Morocco 0604 is dual – BG Bulgaria MX Mexico voltage so it can run on city streets BR Brazil MY Malaysia and also on railway BY Belarus NG Nigeria alignment. J. May CA Canada NL Netherlands CH Switzerland NO Norway CN China NZ New Zealand CN-HK China – Hong Kong PE Peru SAZ PT Portugal CL Chile QA Qatar CO Colombia RO Romania DE Germany RU Russia Do Dominican Republic TN Tunisia DZ Algeria TR Turkey EG Egypt TW Taiwan ES Spain UA Ukraine ET Ethiopia UR Uruguay FR France US United States of GB Great Britain America GR Greece VE Venezuela IL Israel VN Vietnam IR Ireland ZA South Africa

Below: The Valley Metro system in Phoenix, Arizona (US), has proven Above: The French influence on new tramways in North Africa is demonstrated by the Alstom highly successful since opening in 2008, with a further extension Citadis that will be operated by RATP Dev in Casablanca, Morocco. Test running was taking into the neighbouring city of Mesa already underway. Valley Metro place in October in readiness for the system’s inauguration in December. Magharebia

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org january 2013 13

10-13_TAUT1301_Tramways 1978-2012.indd 4 27/11/2012 12:30 IN YOUR NEXT ISSUE OF

NEW TRAMWAYS FOR 2013 With new systems such as Casablanca, Palermo and Oran now nearing completion, Mike Taplin makes his predictions on the tramways around the world expected to open in 2013. HONG KONG Neil Pulling considers how Hong Kong has developed urban transit beyond its still-popular traditional tramway to cope with dramatic changes in this dynamic area across the last three decades. SALT ‘N’ SUGAR IN UTAH’S CAPITAL Vic Simons reports from the Utah state capital Salt Lake City, examining developments on the TRAX light rail system as well as the under-construction Sugar House streetcar line. SYSTEMS FACTFILE: LIBEREC The Czech city has a history going back to the 14 Century – and a fascinating tramway that in recent years has undergone modernisation including regauging. Mike Russell reports. WORLDWIDE NEWS AND REVIEW For the latest rolling stock orders, new technology, system developments and transport policy, TAUT is the essential light and urban rail reference point.

Personal membership with TAUT subscription: SUBSCRIBE NOW: UK International To December 2013 (12 issues) £46.50 £58.50 ALSO AVAILABLE Tramway Review subscription (Four issues) UK £18.50 International £21.50 Personal membership with TAUT and Tramway Review: ONLINE! UK International To December 2013 (12 TAUT + 4 TR) £61.00 £75.00

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HEADLINESTHE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE HEADLINESTHE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE HEADLINES ● Dijon opens ﬁ rst l China’s Usd127bn l Paris tram network modern tramway line metro and tram plan reaches 65km ● Olympics fuel record l portland streetcar l Ansaldobreda enters London LRT ridership opens ‘loop’ line Chinese LRT market ● Siemens wins Doha l siemens and stadler l Edinburgh tramway turnkey tram contract join forces for Berlin For online payments visit: to open early? www.lrta.info/personal Student membership available online only. Commercial members (12 issues) UK International

BESANCON: LESSONS FROMtomorrow’s world: lrt £52.00 £64.00 5 on display at innotransdubAi: CREATiNG THE WORLd’S A LOW-COST TRAM SYSTEM LONGEST dRiVERLESS NETWORK Paris Metro: CBTC best practice examined

TYNEINSIDE: AND WEAR METRO: Two in-depth system updates THREE SUCCESSFUL INSIDE: Light Rail Awards 2012 special YEARS OF DELIVERY Dublin Luas Tram-train: Ghent tramway: Tyne & Wear Metro Olsztyn Halberstadt Irish capital’s DB International Three years of Narrow-gauge Poland’s first How do you successful growing network on the technical tramway growth and operational new-build sustain a system modernisation: – the inside story: as part of wider with a declining 24-page special challenges tramway in 16-page review OCTOBER city reconstruction population? A special review in 2012 NOVEMBER over 50 years DECEMBER association with Nexus Commercial members online only (12 issues) £41.00 No. 898 2012 2012 w w w No. 900 ● N E T £3.80 . l r ta . o r g l w w w No. 899 W W W . L R TA . O R G W W W . T R A M N E W S . . t r a m n e w s . n e t £3.80 £3.80 w w w . l r ta . o r g l w w w . t r a m n e w s . n e t

TAUT_1211_Cover.indd 1 04/09/2012 13:48 30/10/2012 15:03 TAUT_1210_Cover.indd 1 01/10/2012 14:03 TAUT_1212_Cover.indd 1 Invoices available for Commercial membership only. For online payments visit: www.lrta.info/commercial Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms ...... Forename ...... Surname ...... Address ...... Now in its 75th year, Tramways & Urban Transit is ...... the world’s leading monthly publication dedicated solely to light and urban rail developments...... Postcode ...... It provides comprehensive news and analysis, in- I enclose a cheque £ ...... payable to ‘LRTA Subscriptions’ cisive technology features and key interviews with Please complete this form and send it with your payment to: leading industry ﬁ gures from across the globe. LRTA Membership Secretary (Dept T06), 38 Wolseley Road, Sale M33 7AU, UK

14 JANUARY 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

14_TAUT1301_SubsNextMonth.indd 1 27/11/2012 09:56 APTA Conference Developing the North American LRT dynamic The 12th APTA Light Rail Conference took place in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, during the second weekend in November 2012 – Vic Simons reports.

With a strong North American LRT revival in progress, American industry. Prominent amongst these exhibitors was Above: 2012 APTA and a US Administration that has committed strongly Siemens, now the largest supplier of light rail vehicles in Conference host to the environmental and regenerative benefits of rail- North America. Salt Lake City has borne transport, the mood of optimism was evident in the Robin A Stimson, Vice President of Strategic Business an impressive audience of the 12th APTA Light Rail Conference in Salt Development, from the Sacramento-based Siemens North light rail network Lake City – itself a city in the midst of light rail expansion. American operation, told TAUT that while he was obviously that is currently TAUT was there at what turned out to be a most pleased at Siemens’ place at the top of the pecking undergoing interesting and productive series of meetings and order in terms of the US LRV market, this did not equal expansion. Arena presentations, including the International Light Rail sub- complacency. By introducing a modified and shortened station was the committee of The Transportation Research Board. streetcar version of the firm’s very successful S70 group of original terminus The discussion at the TRB sub-committee reviewed products during recent years, he felt that this ‘new’ product of the first line to in detail the current situation in France, almost to the allowed operators to streamline their resources in terms of Sandy, now known exclusion of other light rail systems elsewhere in the maintenance and availability. as the Blue line. The world. The explanation given for this narrow focus was The key differences for the streetcar variant are the tracks to the left are that developments in France were more closely–aligned removal of the coupler for single car operation and re- with those in the USA in that there were only three legacy gearing to lower the maximum speed to 35mph (56km/h) where the Airport systems prior to the initial renaissance in French light rail from 65mph (105km/h) for more suitable on-street branch will diverge. in the 1980s and 1990s and LRT’s hold has come to fruition operation. Salt Lake City’s Sugar House streetcar line, due Vic Simons in recent years with the opening on average of two to three to open in 2013 (see next issue for more on Salt Lake City new systems per year at the current rate. Having pointed operations and expansion) will be of these streetcars. An out this viewpoint, the debate was widened to include option from the Salt Lake City order has been exercised developments elsewhere in Europe and the rest of the world. by Houston and these cars are also being delivered to the Accompanying the main conference was an exhibition Atlanta city circulator. of the latest technology and innovation from various Stimson is rightly conscious of the ambitions of Siemens’ manufacturers, suppliers and service providers to the North main competitor in the US market, KinkiSharyo, due to its

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15-17_TAUT1301_APTA_SJ.indd 1 28/11/2012 11:58 APTA Conference

winning of recent large orders for Los Angeles and Dallas, University line, and the under-construction Sugar House but is confident in the flexibility of Siemens’ product range streetcar scheme that is planned to open in late 2013. for both large and small orders and also for LRVs and The session on the North American take on proof shorter and lighter weight streetcars. of payment was of particular relevance. Sharing many The conference opened on the morning of 12 November characteristics to the approaches taken elsewhere in the with a welcome address from the Mayor of Salt Lake world, it must be recognised that by their very nature light City, the Honourable Ralph Becker. Mr Becker praised the rail stations do not have heavy infrastructure and thus no achievements of local transport provider the Utah Transit facility for restricting entry to the system. Similarly, the Authority (UTA), specifically referring to the far-sighted essential advantage of maintaining a rapid and effective vision in purchasing disused railway right of way for service is to have high-capacity light rail vehicles with future use by the region given that no specific plans exist multiple boarding points. currently. He went on to also recognise the UTA’s “ability The discussion concluded that there is an essential need to step forward rail (mode) transfer quickly, on time and to for regular travel pass inspection and enforcement for fare budget”, believing that “public transit is a core principle for evaders it must be noted that the recent developments in liveable communities”. He also noted the impact the that Boston which restrict boarding outside the central subway, LRT system had in re-establishing the downtown area in Below: A new and their likely negative impact on running times. It Salt Lake City. generation remains to be seen whether any increased running times Utah State Legislature Greg Hughes added that 71% Siemens S70 at the lead to a loss of patronage and revenue. of the community in the Salt Lake area use some form Daybreak terminus The final presentation was the item on French of public transport; a remarkable achievement in such a of the Red line that developments. The opening of 20-plus systems in France strongly car-oriented society. over the last two decades, many in the last ten years, has The opening speeches were followed by a general opened in 2011. greatly impressed senior North American industry figures review of where the US light rail industry had developed to One of the aims of and could be seen as a model for the rapid implementation at the end of 2012. the line was to some of systems to accrue their benefits earlier. The 200-plus delegates from around 100 organisations extent to generate What was not alluded to was the dominance of Alstom sat through 14 sessions followed by technical tours of development, as vehicle provider of most of these systems and its operations within the city and surrounding region. Tour something that relationship with the French Government. Although this topics covered various TRAX (Salt Lake City light rail) has been slow to promotes consistency of employment and innovation and activities, including the Jordan River Service Centre and materialise. development through successive orders, it is important to Control Room, the almost complete Airport line, the Vic Simons also recognise the potential issues that can also arise. On the plus side it has allowed Alstom to deliver “71% of the community in Salt Lake City use innovation in the areas of operation such as ground-based power supply systems and infrastructure such as the some form of public transport; a remarkable Appitrack tracklaying system now being employed in the achievement in such a car-oriented society.” UK (see page 5 for more on this development).

16 january 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

15-17_TAUT1301_APTA_SJ.indd 2 26/11/2012 16:13 Left: The opening of the 12th APTA Conference, a bi-annual event that brings together the American LRT industry. Vic Simons

Although undeniably offering environmental and aesthetic benefits it was noted that whilst this has largely worked in places such as Bordeaux there was a significant cost impact that may also impact on the viability of such implementation in future schemes, especially in straitened economic circumstances. Another fascinating presentation was given by Monica J Meade from Parsons Brinckerhoff on the difficulties in running light rail through the heart of a University campus. Her presentation referred to part of the proposed Purple LRT line through the Washington DC suburbs. Meade described the problems encountered when attempting to fix the alignment through the heart of the University of Maryland campus. It highlighted the specific difficulties encountered when working with universities which do not always operate in the same way as a local authority. After a number of iterations an alignment was agreed that incorporated both light rail and shuttle buses to the primary exclusion of other traffic, although never to the detriment of student mobility. Following the presentation TAUT questioned Ms Meade and Purple line Project manager, Greg Benz about the progression of the project. They stated that the agreement with the University authorities was the final cog in fixing the alignment. The 16-mile (25.7km) LRT line runs from Bethesda metro station to New Carrollton metro station with 21 stations along the route. The alignment falls entirely within the highly-congested Washington Beltway, but all remaining within the state of Maryland. As well as linking three metro lines (the red line twice) it also links MARC (Maryland’s regional rail system), AMTRAK and buses. It will be offer a mixture of street- running, using disused railway trackbed, and dedicated at- grade separation. The estimated cost of UD2bn (EUR1.5bn) Above: Steer Davies schemes either implemented in Europe and the new projects is planned to use 50% Federal funding and 50% State Gleave’s Alan under development elsewhere such as the Middle East as funding. No decisions have been taken on vehicle Jones addressed discussed earlier. procurement, although construction is planned to begin the audience on Wulf Grote, Director of Project development in Phoenix, in 2015 for an opening date scheduled for 2020. It should European LRT Arizona, described integration developments in his home be noted that Benz and Ms Meade are both from Parsons development and city. He pointed out that light rail schemes result in Brinckerhoff which is managing the project on behalf of the some of the best both new riders to public transport and a modal shift in State of Maryland Department of Transport. practice measures transportation use. Thus recasting of bus services to fit light Another presentation covered LRV / streetcar evolution. rail was essential. There were additional presentations from being adopted. TAUT Although LRVs were part of the title, the focus was very Vic Simons Florence (Italy), Vancouver, and from Sacramento. much on streetcar development, including off-wire The detailed presentations are being made available on capability, and under-street current collection such as the .the APTA website – www.apta.com

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org january 2013 17

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Layout_Adpage.indd 1 27/11/2012 11:31 systems factfile No. 64 Adelaide, Australia A remarkably civilised city, Adelaide flirted with guided australia buses, but has realised the value of its surviving tramline, adding extensions and new rolling stock – and passenger adelaide numbers just keep increasing.

By Michael Taplin and Ian Hammond

delaide, the capital of the state of South Australia, Above: Surviving Amongst the bus operations is the O-Bahn guided is Australia’s fifth largest city, with a population H class tram 367 busway, 12km (7.5 miles) in the north-east suburbs to Tea around 1.25 million. appears on the Tree Plaza, from where buses fan out to serve the outer ANamed after the queen consort to the British King William depot forecourt suburbs. Opened in 1986, and originally planned for light IV, it is also known as ‘The city of light’, a reference to one alongside rail, a change of government saw the Daimler-Benz system of the city’s 1836 founding fathers, Colonel William Light, representatives pioneered in Essen, Germany, adopted, including the name. who chose its location close to the River Torrens, 20km of other types in Efficiency has always been hampered by the guided tracks (12.5 miles) from the sea at the Gulf St Vincent. Light set the fleet during ending in the inner suburbs, leaving on-street bus operation out the city’s central grid layout, with wide boulevards and a special visit for to and from the city centre. large public squares, surrounded by parkland. It is listed in A horse tramway service was introduced to the city of the top ten of The World’s Most Liveable Cities. invited guests in Adelaide in 1878, and the first electric trams arrived in Adelaide Metro is the brand name of the public transport 2009. I. Hammond 1909 under the auspices of the Municipal Tramways Trust division of the state Department of Planning, Transport and (MTT), which built a 56km (34.8-mile) city network. In Infrastructure; the brand was introduced in 2000 and covers 1929 the 12km (7.5-mile) steam railway linking Adelaide bus, tram and commuter rail services through contacts with the seaside resort of Glenelg was converted to an with four separate bus operators. Tram and commuter rail express tramway, operated by MTT with 30 H-class services are directly operated. bogie trams. ➤

www.tramnews.net www.Irta.org january 2013 19

19-23_TAUT1301_SF_Adelaide.indd 1 26/11/2012 16:29 Systems Factfile

Bowden North Adelaide Station Station Adelaide City Entertainment Centre P

Bonython Park Adelaide Railway Station West Terrace

City West Adelaide Station Thebarton Rundle Mall

Mile End Station Victoria Square Pirie Street The MTT introduced trolleybuses to replace some Above: A tramlines in the early 1950s, but buses were used to replace comparison most of the network in the period 1958-63. From July between the 1963 the Glenelg line from its city terminus in Victoria ex-Madrid Alstom City South Square was the only tram service to survive. The remaining Citadis and the H trams were refurbished in the 1970s and 1980s and Bombardier Flexity Scale pantographs replaced trolley poles in 1986. at the Adelaide South Terrace In 2001-2 five H class trams were rebuilt with modern Entertainment Metres 250 500 chopper control, but it was soon realised that new trams Centre terminus as would have to be purchased to replace the 80-year-old cars. A re-assessment of the value of the mostly reserved track 204 and 101 await Glenelg line resulted in a 1.6km (one-mile) extension from passengers. Victoria Square through the city centre to North Terrace by I. Hammond the railway station being built in 2007, following on from track and infrastructure renewal in 2003-5. A fleet of 11 new Bombardier Flexity Classic trams entered service in Morphett Road 2006, with five refurbished H trams retained for weekend Brighton Road Novar and holiday heritage service. Gardens In 2008 an AUD100m (approx. EUR82m) tram extension from North Terrace to the Entertainment Centre Glenelg – Modely Square Glengowrie was approved and the tramway reached its current extent (15km, 9.3 miles) in March 2010. Four more Flexity trams Glenelg were bought for the extended line, but the 14% increase in passenger numbers that followed the city extension overwhelmed the capacity of the fleet, and in 2009 the MTT purchased six Alstom Citadis 302 trams from Madrid Morphettville (where they had been stored due to network expansion being curtailed). The use of H trams ceased with three Glenelg East stored off the system and two at Glengowrie depot. Below: Adelaide Today trams run every eight minutes at peak periods and drop-centre bogie every 15 minutes off-peak, but with supplementary off-peak tram 282 on the Jetty Road Glenelg service between South Terrace and West Terrace, the city Salt Flats at the East centre free travel zone. Patronage is about 3.5 million St Kilda tramway boardings/year, boosted by the Entertainment Centre museum. park-and-ride scheme, where passengers pay AUD2 M. R. Taplin

adelaide: essential FACTS How do I get there? Travelling to Australia inevitably means a long flight, at least 20 hours from Europe, with stops. Qantas and British Airways may be the obvious starting points, but many airlines offer connections, and the latest to add Adelaide to its schedules is Emirates. MetroAdelaide operates Jetbus services J1 and J2 from the airport to both the city centre and Glenelg, with up to four buses/hour. The airport is only 7km (4.3 miles) from the city.

What is there to see? Adelaide is a centre for arts and culture, with many festivals. Worth seeing are the South Australian Museum, the Botanic Gardens, Festival Theatre, National Wine Centre, Contemporary Arts Centre and the Migration Museum. The historic Adelaide Oval is one of the world’s most attractive cricket grounds. Shopping opportunities range from Rundle Mall in the city centre to Westfield Tea Tree Plaza, reached by O-Bahn.

20 january 2013 www.tramnews.net l www.Irta.org

19-23_TAUT1301_SF_Adelaide.indd 2 27/11/2012 11:20 Adelaide City

Greenhill Road Adelaide Railway Station Keswick

Adelaide Station Black Forest Wayville South Road Rundle Mall Wayville Unley Forestville Pirie Street Goodwood Goodwood Road Beckman Street

Glandore

Forestville South Terrace South Plympton Black Forest Plympton

Camden Glandore Park

Morphett Road Marion Road Novar Gardens North Legend

Tram line & stop

Tram line and station

12 Tram stop relating to timetable Morphettville Plympton Park P Park ‘n’ Ride

Racecourse Race days only Scale

Metres 1000 2000

Ex-Madrid Alstom Citadis on a training run in Jetty Rd, Glenelg, before entering The O-Bahn concrete guideway in Adelaide. Adelaide Now service. I. Hammond ➤

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Xxx 19-23_TAUT1301_SF_Adelaide.indd 3 27/11/2012 11:20 Systems Factfile

THE FLEET

101-115...... Bombardier Flexity Classic...... Built 2006-10...... 30m x 2.4m 201-206...... Alstom Citadis 302 (Ex-Madrid)...... Built 2005...... 32.3m x 2.4m 351, 367, 370...... Pengelley H class (stored)...... Built 1929...... 17.16m x 2.6m

(approx. EUR1.60) for a parking ticket that includes the tram ride to and from the city centre. Service starts at 05.00 and runs until 00.30. Service performance is 97.7% and reliability 99.6%. A single ticket costs AUD4.90 (EUR4) and AUD3 (EUR2.40) off-peak, but a day ticket is good value at AUD9.10 (EUR7.40); buy from ticket machines or agents before you board. A tram ride to Glenelg should be included on every visitor’s itinerary in Adelaide. From the city centre the tram passes through stately Victoria Square and then on a section of street track before reaching the reservation that permits a fast ride. At Goodwood a new flyover takes the trams across the soon to be electrified suburban rail lines. The line continues through suburban communities, passing Morphetville Racecourse and then the modern Glengowrie depot before street track resumes in Jetty Rd, Glenelg. The trams rumble down this busy shopping street before reaching the terminus at Moseley Square, close to the beach. The charming seaside resort is well-provided with cafés and restaurants, as well as speciality shopping. A wonderful selection of Adelaide trams has been preserved at the St Kilda tramway museum, which is located about 40 minutes north of Adelaide on the coast. Unfortunately there is no public transport connection, but Above: Bombardier Flexity 109 and 112 pass in King William St on the 2007 extension past a telephone call (08 8280 8188) or e-mail (aetmsalnc@ the Town Hall to North Terrace. I. Hammond gmail.com) in advance may enable the museum to link to a volunteer travelling to the museum. Below: A view of North Terrace in Adelaide shortly after the city extension opened at the The museum is open 12.00-17.00 on Sundays and end of 2007. J. Hoyle holidays, with additional opening during school holidays. TAUT

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Layout_Adpage.indd 1 02/10/2012 09:57 TS_Rail Sector Ad_Revised.indd 1 25/09/2012 08:57 LRT Security: Jerusalem

The challenges of LRT security

There is an issue that could jeopardise light rail – terrorism. Simcha Ohrenstein from the Jerusalem Transit Master Plan explains.

ince the 1970s, there has been a revival in using LRT signifi cant political and religious symbolism. Naturally, Above: Jerusalemʼs for the purposes of mass public transportation. New such a city attracts the attention of the world population LRT system. systems are being built and the number of passengers and, unfortunately, also of terrorist organisations. In S. Ohrenstein isS continually growing. The recession and slowing down of Jerusalem, acts of terrorism have, even more unfortunately, the global economy has also contributed to the increasing posed more than just a threat. At the end of the last century number of passengers using public transport and a growing and the beginning of the present one, (1999-2002), buses number of people are using LRT instead of their private car. in Jerusalem were frequently targets for suicide bombers. This revival contributes signifi cantly to the environment Many people were injured or killed. It was a dark period and provides many advantages. Traffi c congestion is in the city’s history. In the past ten years, the situation has reduced and city centres are revived. However, there exists changed dramatically, and Jerusalem has become a peaceful one major issue that could jeopardise LRT’s position as a city. No signifi cant acts of terrorism have been recorded for widespread means of mass transportation – acts of terrorism. many years. Transportation systems have always been a major target The contradictory situations described above posed of international terrorist organisations: aeroplanes, airports, a dilemma for the purposes of security planning for the buses, trains and train stations. In this regard, LRT systems LRT system: should such a plan be based on the history of are more vulnerable as targets than other transport systems: terrorism in Jerusalem, under the working premise that the they are open systems, in urban areas, usually very crowded current peaceful period will last for a long time, or should and their nature is such that the boarding and disembarking it be based on other assumptions? Each working premise process needs to be very fast. It is not feasible to screen all provides for a very different solution. Any selected solution the passengers entering congested trains or approaching is bound to have a huge impact on the operation of the LRT overcrowded stations. The idea of a fully controlled system and on the level of service provided to the public. security system stands in contradiction to the nature of the The planning process is therefore crucial. LRT concept. LRT systems, therefore, could constitute an easy target for those planning terrorist attacks. Planning a security system This article describes the challenge posed by security Terrorist organisations are unpredictable. Their weapons in the new LRT system in Jerusalem and the mitigation and methods are always changing and there are many measures implemented by the security forces of Israel in factors that infl uence their decision on where, how, if cooperation with the concessionaire. Obviously, not all the and when to act. Consequently, the planning of a security security measures that have been adopted can be disclosed, system for mass transportation systems like LRT cannot be but the main principles are presented here. carried out in isolation. It has to form part of the national security plan and concept. Terrorism in Jerusalem The nationwide security concept (the ‘concept’) is based Jerusalem is one of the oldest cities in the world. It is a on geopolitics, an assessment of national security history, city with an ancient history that serves as a spiritual centre updated intelligence data, analysis of global processes and for three religions, and is therefore a city replete with the national policy, strategy and available resources. The www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org JANUARY 2013 25

25-28_TAUT1301_Security.indd 1 28/11/2012 12:00 LRT Security: Jerusalem

DIAGRAM 1: THE PLANNING PROCESS FOR LRT SECURITY DIAGRAM 2: SECURITY TIERS

1 Nationwide Security Concept Tier One 2 Threat Analysis Tier Two Tier Three 3 Base Assumptions Tier Four

4 Selecting the Security Principles

5 Possible Course of Action

6 Operational Procedures

7 Setting up a Security System

8 Implementation

concept defi nes the principal actions required to protect the and will have to be blocked on the ground. The nationwide country and its population. It also defi nes the assignment concept also provides for the possibility that an alert on and responsibility of the various intelligence units, the any intention to carry out a serious act of terrorism will be nature and level of border security (whether open borders, received in advance. controlled borders, hermetically closed borders and so on) The analysis of the nationwide security concept was the and the efforts required on the ground. main factor in defi ning the scope of the security system Obviously, there is a direct correlation between the required for Jerusalem’s LRT system. The concept dictated resources invested in the intelligence forces, the required whether it would be an open (and if open, secured or efforts to protect the borders and the necessary forces unsecured) or a controlled system (and if controlled, fully and resources required to protect strategic sites and controlled or partially controlled). The level of safeguards infrastructure. Accurate, available and reliable intelligence (mitigation measures, security operation and security systems) together with high-level border protection directly infl uences also derived from the nationwide concept. (See diagram 3). the amount of on-the-ground efforts required to ensure the The outcome of stage 1 is the selection of the LRT security of urban public transportation such as LRT. security system type. In Jerusalem although we have The nationwide security concept is continuously being a history of terrorism, the updated nationwide security re-examined and evaluated and, where necessary, updated. concept allows us to select an open but secured system. The The concept also provides short-, medium- and long-term next stage is to analyse the threats to the LRT system. predictions regarding the intentions, strategy and policy of terrorist organisations. (See diagram 1). STAGE 2 Analysing the threats to the LRT system STAGE 1 The analysis of the threats produced the following list: Analysing the up-to-date nationwide Molotov cocktails security concept . Arson Analysing the latest nationwide security concept was the . basic and most important step in designing and setting- up the security system for the Jerusalem LRT system. DIAGRAM 3: SELECTING THE SECURITY TYPE The structure and procedures of the system were directly derived from the national concept. As per the nationwide concept, the Jerusalem LRT system is protected by four security tiers (See diagram 2): Tier one: Various intelligence units operating abroad, .gathering information on terrorist organisations; their plans, targets and goals – and trying to hinder and disrupt such plans. Tier two: The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) defending and. controlling the national borders, trying to prevent the penetration of terrorists and hostile elements. Tier three: The General Security Service (GSS) operating. inside the country, gathering information on the movements, plans and targets of those terrorists that manage to get through tiers one and two. The role of the GSS is to try, together with the police, to thwart such plans before they reach the LRT system. Tier four: The Israeli Police, protecting the environs of the. LRT system and specifi c designated forces and methods for protecting the LRT system and its facilities. The planning of tier four has been developed based on the nationwide security concept which, among its other elements, provides tools to evaluate the probability that a terrorist will cross, undetected, tiers one, two and three

26 JANUARY 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

25-28_TAUT1301_Security.indd 2 27/11/2012 12:33 Gunfire: targeted at an LRV and/or passengers at stations. . Stone throwing. . Suicide bombers. . Explosive devices at stations. . Collision of a heavy vehicle with an LRV. . Derailment due to sabotage of the track . or explosive device. Running over passengers at stations. . Throwing an explosive device at the public at stations . or on the LRV. . Vandalism. Stage 3 Setting-up base assumptions While the nationwide security concept is based mainly on intelligence and comprehensive data, stage 3 deals with assumptions related directly to the security of the LRT system such as sensitive zones along the line, vulnerable elements of the system, the possible course of terrorists’ actions and the probability that the system will be a preferred target. Stages 1, 2 and 3 led to the definition of the Jerusalem LRT security principles. Stage 4 Definition of the Jerusalem LRT security principles The parameters for defining the security principles for the Above: This view Rolling stock: The operation of the designated forces on Jerusalem LRT system are: a) an analysis of the up-to-date to Jaffa Street in the trains is also random and similar to their operation in nationwide security concept which, despite the history of Jerusalem shows the stations. The rolling stock is equipped with mitigation terrorism in Jerusalem, would allow for selecting an open the new LRT line. measures and equipment designed to address some of the but secured system; b) the list of potential threats and c) the S. Ohrenstein possible threats to the rolling stock. base assumption made by the local security authorities. Based on the input parameters, the LRT system was The depot: The Operation Control Centre (OCC), The divided into four security zones: the line, the passenger Security Control Centre, the stabling area, the main servers, stations, the rolling stock and the depot. The security the communication equipment and the workshops of the principles for each zone are related to the level of threats. system are all installed in the depot. (See diagram 4). The depot is potentially very vulnerable and one of the most sensitive parts of the system; any type of act The line: Prevention and deterrence on the line is of terrorism in the depot could suspend the operations achieved by having designated patrols assigned to protect for a considerable time. Consequently, since the security the LRT system, together with police forces covering principles of the depot do not involve any interface with the the surrounding environment. The patrols are operated public or with the system of operation along the line, the randomly, in order to disrupt the planning of acts of depot is fully controlled and designated as a closed area. terrorism and to increase the level of deterrence. Workers, visitors, baggage and vehicles are screened and The alert is obtained by means of security systems such security systems are installed (intrusion detection systems, as CCTV supported by image processing methods. The access control system, threat detection, perimeter fence system automatically alerts the security control centre of protection and others). any suspicious activity or behaviour. The control centre directs the nearest patrol and/or police force unit to the site. diagram 4: sUMMARISING THE SECurity PRINCIPLES Passenger stations: Deterrence and the capacity for real-time intervention are achieved by having designated forces and by the police forces on the ground. The designated force is specially trained to protect the LRT system. The operation of the system’s designated security force is unpredictable and consequently makes things difficult for those planning acts of terrorism. At times the LRT system force operates from the stations and at other times on the LRVs themselves. At other times they operate both in the stations and onboard the vehicles, moving from LRV to station and back. Sometimes they remain unseen while still monitoring passengers approaching the station, able to appear on the spot at any time. Part of their training is to identify signs of suspicious behaviour. The monitoring of the stations is effected by means of a CCTV system that is viewed from the LRT system security centre. The security centre is operated by the command centre of the LRT system designated force. The LRT system force and the police forces are fully co-ordinated via the control centre ensuring the possibility of real-time intervention of required forces all along the line. This arrangement gives passengers the feeling that they are using an open system, one in which security issues are not unduly obtrusive. At the same time a satisfactory level of deterrence is obtained.

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org january 2013 27

25-28_TAUT1301_Security.indd 3 27/11/2012 12:33 LRT Security: Jerusalem

diagram 5: SECurity FORCES ORGANISATIONAL CHART diagram 6: POLICE INTERVENTION

Stage 5 deployment and the development of image processing Possible courses of action technology to meet the security requirement. Once the security principles have been defined, the possible courses of action for implementing the security system Stage 8 are selected. The three main components are: Security Implementation operation; mitigation measures; technologies. The final stage includes the manufacturing, installation, commissioning and testing of the security system and Stage 6 its mitigation measures. In parallel, the assembling, Operational procedures definition training and exercising of the designated security force is (See diagram 5). conducted. The readiness of the system for commercial As mentioned above, terrorist organisations are operation is evaluated by a set of drills that integrates all the unpredictable. Their weapons, methods and aims are relevant systems, forces and organisations. constantly changing. The LRT-specific designated security force therefore needs to be continuously guided by the Summary State’s security forces who have updated and real-time Public transport security has definitely become a high-profile intelligence. They have a more comprehensive picture and task. The potential conflict between the open nature of LRT can provide data and instruction regarding many security systems on the one hand, and security requirements on the issues. The State security authorities are also continually other, represents a challenge for both operators and the examining and testing the readiness and performance of the security authorities. In Jerusalem we have tried to find a Jerusalem LRT system security force and conducting drills. compromise between these conflicting requirements without The role of the security officer is to command and jeopardising public security. Thus far, it looks as though integrate the operation of the system’s security guards, the the implemented methodology works. The passengers feel control centre operators, the depot security unit and the secure and an analysis of those terrorist incidents we have security systems/technologies. The security officer, under had supports the design principles of the system. the guidance of the State security forces, has to define all It should be emphasised that a public transport security the system’s security procedures and the procedures for system must be part of the national security concept. It interfacing with other forces and units. cannot be a standalone system. Ongoing and efficient An important part of the operational procedures is related intelligence is mandatory, as well as designated and trained to the functioning of the different security forces during, units. The ability to manage major security events and to and after, an act of terrorism. It is almost impossible to return the situation to normal as soon as possible should control the scene which is too horrible to describe. The area also be part of the security system. TAUT is in total chaos. Many different forces arrive and operate simultaneously. Many curious people together with persons that want to offer help hinder the work of the rescue forces. Above all, it takes time to verify that the scene is clear and that no additional explosive devices and/or terrorists are in the area. It is therefore the responsibility of the police to take command of all forces and act as co-ordinator. If not it becomes impossible to operate on the ground, and in an extreme situation different forces might end up firing on Right: The Alstom another. (See diagram 6). Citadis trams for Stage 7 Jersualem have Setting up the security system a special roof designed as one Upon completion of stages 1 through 6, the detailed design of the security system is performed. This article does not of the means to cover the detailed design stage but a few examples of the mitigate any threat detailed design process are set out below. of attack. As mentioned earlier, one of the threats is the throwing S. Ohrenstein of an explosive device or Molotov cocktail at an LRV. Other threats to the rolling stock are the throwing of stones. Simcha Ohrenstein The windows were therefore designed to meet the Israel Simcha Ohrenstein has been active in High Technology for more than 30 years. In Defense Forces (IDF) standard for protecting windows. 1986 he founded Transtech, a start-up company, to improve the safety of the As a consequence the individual Citadis LRV in Jerusalem travelling public by developing and providing systems for safer runways and is heavier than a standard vehicle and the weight of the taxiways. More than 150 airports worldwide have purchased Transtech systems. doors is greater than that of standard doors with all the In 2008 Simcha joined the Jerusalem Transit Master Plan as CTO of the Jerusalem implications of this for vehicle design. LRT project, the first LRT system in Israel. Another example is the detailed design of the CCTV

28 january 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

25-28_TAUT1301_Security.indd 4 28/11/2012 11:59 Worldwide review

ALGERIA

ALGIERS. A EUR85m contract to extend the metro by 4km (2.4 miles) has been awarded to a consortium led by Colas Rail. The extension from El Badr to El Harrach should open at the end of 2014. RGI

ARGENTINA

BUENOS AIRES. The Puerto Madero demonstration tram ran for the last time on 10 October. Latterly running just one ex-Madrid low-floor car (153), the 40-minute headway and long lunch break drove away what little patronage there was, and plans to extend the line came to nothing. BS

AUSTRALIA

MELBOURNE. From 29 December Myki

smartcards will become the only ticketing Construction of the low-cost tramway in the French city of Besancon5 is progressing well, as this view near Beaux Arts system, as use of the Metcard ceases. The shows. Y. Allain expansion of Southbank depot has been completed and the City Circle trams moved there tram route 3 was reinforced with 4000-series CZECH REPUBLIC from North Fitzroy (now closed). Southbank cars and operated in two overlapping sections: will be the base for the new Bombardier Flexity Esplanade – Midi and Nord – Churchill. T-2000 OLOMOUC. Work is in progress on the 1.4km cars when they arrive. Later a new depot will be CHARLEROI. Testing on the line 3 extension (0.86-mile) new tramway Trznice – Nové Sady built at Preston, adjacent to the workshops. TA to Gosselies began on 12 November. TEC in the south-east suburbs, for completion in late 2013. Double-ended trams will be needed, so AUSTRIA BRAZIL 14 VarioLFPlus cars for back-to-back operation have been ordered from Pragoimex. BS GRAZ. Ten modified Stadler Variobahn trams CUIABÁ. The light rail project is still under PLZEN. The last unrebuilt Tatra T3, 187, (201/5/8-11/3-6) entered service from 18 construction, despite efforts to stop it on financial was withdrawn on 4 November and sent for September; 202-4 were expected to join them by grounds. BS rebuilding as a Vario tram; 1975 car 192 survives the end of the year. The new underpass at Hbf RIO DE JANEIRO. Commuter rail operator in original form as a museum tram. DS was opened on 26 November. EB SuperVia has ordered 60 four-car EMUs from PRAHA (Prague). Skoda 14T 9165, badly INNSBRUCK. After test running from 23 CNR Changchun for USD306.5m. Delivery will damaged in an accident, has been broken up for October, the EUR2.9m, 350m, tramway extension start in June 2014. Funding will be provided by spares. T6 8600 has also been scrapped, after along Philip-Welser-Strasse to Amras for route the World Bank. RGI donating its roof and front end to KT8 9036. BS 3 was inaugurated at 11.00 on 26 October, SÃO PAULO. Siemens has been awarded a bringing the service closer to new housing. At USD44m contract to modernise traction power FRANCE the other end of route 3, the 2.3km (1.4-mile) supply on the CPTM commuter rail network by extension west from Anichstrasse to Hötting Au 2015. An Alstom-led consortium has been given DIJON. The second stage of the new tramway was to open on 14 December. R. Deacon the infrastructure contract for the 13km (8.07 was to be opened by President François LINZ. The last new Bombardier Flexity, 082, miles) phase 2 of metro line 4. Siemens, Alstom Hollande on 8 December, line T2 from Chenove was handed over at the end of September. There Centre to Parc Valmy. A. Senut are now 56 low-floor trams in the fleet. BS BULGARIA LYON. On 24 October the Mayor symbolically WIEN (Vienna). The timetable change on welded the first rail for the 2.3km (1.4-mile) 9 December saw tramline D extended to the SOFIA. The city council is to invest BGN20m extension of tramline T1 across the river Rhône new Hbf, route 6 extended to Kaisersebersdorf (EUR10.2m) in a new tramline linking to Debourg. Work includes a new 260m river and route 71 cut back from Kaisersebersdorf to Studentski Grad and the Seminary. Completion bridge for trams, cyclists and pedestrians. Zentralfredhof, but extended in the city centre will be in 2014. A. Bailey Tramline T5 was inaugurated on 17 November from Schwarzenbergplatz to Börse. The new line using 3.8km (2.3 miles) of new track from Les 25 Aspern – Kagran – Tokiostrasse (1.1 km, 0.68 CHILE Alizés to Europexpo. The rest of the route to miles, of new double track) – Floridsdorf was Grange Blanche is shared with line T2. A. Senut expected to open on 21 December. The opening SANTIAGO. In November bids were invited NANTES. The 800m branch of tramline 1 from of the line 26 extension to Hausfeldstrasse is to supply mechanical and electrical systems for Haluchere to Ranzay was inaugurated on 1 planned for September. Wienerlinien, EB new metro lines 3 and 6 (37.4km, 23.2 miles, October, an occasion used to put the first CAF- USD2.75bn), to open in 2018 and 2016. built tram, 384, into service. The new branch BELARUS Five-car steel wheel trains have been is served by the short-workings of line 1 that specified, signalling that the rubber-tyred metro formerly terminated at Hôpital Bellier. T-2000 MINSK. Metro line 1 was extended by technology used hitherto is out of favour. PARIS. Elected representatives have asked STIF 5.1km (3.16 miles) from Institut Kultury to A. Bailey to speed up plans for a tramway linking Porte de Petrovchshina on 6 November at a ceremony Choisy and Orly airport to replace overloaded bus attended by President Lukashenko. Regular CHINA route 183, which is carrying 57 000 passengers/ services started the following day. urbanrail.net day. STIF has the project scheduled for 2018-20. SHENYANG. Canadian company Cassidian Metro line 12 was to be extended from Porte BELGIUM has been selected to supply a digital TETRA de la Chapelle to Aubervilliers-Front Populaire communications system for the four-line on 18 December. A. Senut BRUSSEL/BRUXELLES. While metro lines tramway, incorporating dispatching, operating ST GERVAIS – LE CHÂTELARD. We have 1 and 5 were temporarily cut on 27-28 October, and managing vehicles and staff. eurotransport neglected to report the partial closure of the SNCF

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metre-gauge line since April 2012. No service The new 3.6km (2.2-mile) tramway extension from 27.4m to 29.06m. Pre-tax profits were is being provided between Chamonix and Le to Reform was to be inaugurated on 15 December, slightly down at EUR1.874m, compared to Châtelard until December 2013 while the Montets with regular service from the following day. EUR1.887m. pass tunnel is rebuilt, and complete replacement Route 9 now operates from Neustädter See to The National Transport Authority has of track and signalling undertaken. AFAC Reform, and route 3 is extended from Leipziger published a report on Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) TOULOUSE. The urban transport plan Chaussee to Reform on Monday-Saturday and how it could apply to Dublin. The report adopted by Tisseo includes the extension of evenings. Route 5 is extended to Herrenkrug on proposes a feasibility study for a core network metro line B to Labege and extension of the Monday-Friday 09.00-18.00. DS comprising two cross-city BRT corridors tramway to Gare Matabiau. Four more Alstom PLAUEN. Routes 1, 5 and 6 were changed from between Blanchardstown and University Citadis 302 have been ordered. A. Senut 9 December and the network is now: 1, Neundorf College Dublin and between Clongriffin and – Oberer Bhf; 3, Neundorf – Waldfrieden; 4, Tallaght (with links to the Luas Tallaght line). GERMANY Preisselpöhl – Reusa; 5, Südvorstadt – Plamag; 6, Waldfrieden – Oberer Bhf. The peak run out is ISLE OF MAN BERLIN. Bombardier Flexity Berlin short reduced from 15 to 14 tram sets. DS double-ended cars 4002-9 were delivered in SCHÖNEICHE. Works car A93 is to be ISLE OF MAN RAILWAY. The railway is September and October; they were used on line restored as tram 3 for museum purposes. BS to receive a new GBP400 000 (EUR494 000) M5 as single-ended cars from 1 November. SCHWERIN. Tram services returned to diesel locomotive following placement of BIELEFELD. The last of the Heiterblick Vamos normal from 7 October following the completion an order with Motive Power and Equipment on order (5016) was delivered in November. BS of the Marienplatz project. BS Solutions, Greenville, South Carolina. This will BOCHUM-GELSeNKIRCHEN. Stadtbahn-M STRAUSBERG. Bombardier is to deliver be an add-on to an existing order and is bespoke car 840 has been sent to Heiterblick in Leipzig Flexity Berlin low-floor trams 41/2 in January/ to the unusual track gauge of 3ft (0.91m). The for conversion to a track scrubber. BS February. BS cost is considerably less than the GBP750 000 BREMEN. The opening of the extension ULM. Tenders have been invited for 12 (EUR926 918) quoted for a new one-off design of tramline 1 to Mahndorf will take place in new low-floor trams for the planned 10.5km and is comparable to the cost of a second-hand March. With delivery of the 43 Bombardier (6.5-mile) line 2 from Wissenschaftstadt to locomotive sourced in Romania. The locomotive Flexity complete, thoughts are turning to the Kuhberg via the city centre and Hbf. EA will be used for shunting, failed steam train next generation of new trams, to replace the WUPPERTAL. The last of the original recovery and works duties. 78 MAN cars dating from 1993-6 and provide Schwebebahn stations, Werther Brücke, was The steam railway was to operate a special for extensions. A tender for 80 new trams for demolished by 21 October. A new station will be train service between Douglas and Castletown or delivery in 2016-19 is being prepared. BS in place by May. BS Port Erin on the first two weekends in December. COTTBUS. Trams returned to Bahnhofstrasse MANX ELECTRIC RAILWAY. Operation at 16.00 on 4 December on completion of the HUNGARY of the Manx Electric Railway was disrupted two-year infrastructure project. Regular tram towards the end of the 2012 season by the partial traffic restarted on 9 December with line 5. BUDAPEST. Ex-Hannover 6100-series LHB- collapse of a culvert under the track close to Route 1 resumed operation between Jessener built Stadtbahn cars have been numbered 1600-09. Ballabeg station following weeks of wet weather. Strasse and Schmellwitz from this date. BS Sunday 11 November saw the newest addition From 16 October trams were still operated DRESDEN. The first new snowplough, 251 401, to BKV’s fleet of heritage trams take to the streets over the Derby Castle to Baldrine and Laxey to was tested in October, just in time for the first when two-axle car 2624 (Schlick 1906, rebodied Ramsey sections with a connecting bus service. snowfall of the year at the end of the month. BS 1959) carried passengers between Zugló and On the inbound journey this continued to Derby FRANKFURT-AM-MAIN. The last Düwag Rákospalota. This is the tram repatriated from Castle, but passengers were given the option of U2 Stadtbahn cars were withdrawn from lines Amsterdam in 2004. A, Varga transferring back to the tram at the Liverpool U1-U3 on 5 November. This type remains in Arms. A fallen tree caused disruption between service on line U7. BS INDIA Laxey and Ramsey in the last week of operation. FREIBURG-IM-BREISGAU. The The usual Christmas market and Santa Schauinslandbahn cableway is closed for DELHI. Eight-coach metro trains were to trams were advertised for the first weekend of renovation from 6 November to 30 April. BS be introduced from December following the December and for the two weekends before HALBERSTADT. Special events are being delivery of Movia metro cars from Bombardier. Christmas with trams operating between Derby planned for 8 June to mark 110 years of tramway More than three months after it was shut Castle and Laxey every 20-30 minutes during operation. BS down due to safety concerns, the Airport Metro daytime and between Ramsey and Laxey HAMBURG. The new DT5 U-Bahn trains Express resumed operation on 12 November. hourly on 23 December only. entered service from 7 November. After public A dispute between the operating company The 2013 Isle of Man programme will see demonstration trips from 28 November, the and Reliance Infrastructure has been referred to trains in regular service from 14 February until 5 extension of U-Bahn line U4 from Jungfernstieg arbitration. ‘Times of India’ November; trams from 9 March to 3 November; to HafenCity Universität opened on 8 December, PUNE. The Pune Municipal Corporation has and the Snaefell line from 27 March to 31 with regular service from 9 December. set up a light rail panel in association with October. A wide variety of special events will be Trains are presently carrying passengers to the Maharashtra Industrial Development provided and the popular enthusiast event will Überseequartier station, with HafenCity served Corporation. This will examine a proposed route become the Manx Heritage Transport Festival on Saturdays and Sundays 10.00-18.00. Full from Shivajinagar to Hinjewadi, acting as a (24-28 July). The 120th anniversary of the MER service will start in the summer. BS metro feeder. IndianExpress.com will be celebrated with events on 7 September. HEIDELBERG. The city’s 2020 mobility plan includes a 2.5km (1.5-mile) tramway extension INDONESIA ITALY across Neuenheimer Feld to Technologiepark, an extension from Eppelheim to Schwetzingen JAKARTA. The Jakarta Transportation Council ROMA. CAF has signed a EUR113m contract to and re-introduction of trams through the Altstadt. has proposed light rail as the solution to the supply a further 15 six-car train sets to the metro Preserved tram 44 has been sent to Gera for city’s transit problems. The city has previously for use on line B; the deal includes six years of restoration work. BS dabbled with bus rapid transit and monorail. maintenance. A. Bailey KASSEL. The remaining Stadtbahn-N cars are E. B. Havens now in service only at peak periods. BS NETHERLANDS KÖLN (Cologne). On 9 December IRELAND tramline 5 was to be extended from Dom/Hbf AMSTERDAM. On 8 October the driver of to Rathaus using the first section of the north– DUBLIN. Veolia Transport Dublin Light Rail single-ended tram 841 on line 24 mistakenly south tram subway to be commissioned. DS Ltd, operators of the Luas tram network, saw followed the line 5 tracks to the stub terminus at MAGDEBURG. Thursday 18 October was its revenues increase from EUR42.28m in 2010 Amstelveen. The tram had to be rescued later by the last day of regular operation for the surviving to EUR49.42m in 2011, which the company being towed out backwards. digitaltram.nl Tatra T4D trams 1244+1256 and 1272+1248. attributed to the extension of the Red line to DEN HAAG. The first of the second batch of New trams 1375-81 have entered service. Citywest and an increase in passenger numbers GTL8 trams to receive its mid-life overhaul was

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29-33_TAUT1301_WWR.indd 2 28/11/2012 12:05 the city centre and the Danube river. EUR420m in funding already allocated will be diverted to the first phase of the Hlavná Stanica – Janíkov Dvor light rail project, programmed for completion in 2015. IRJ

SOUTH KOREA

SEOUL. Saturday 27 October saw the extension of metro line 7 from Onsu to Bupyeong-gu Office. urbanrail.net

SPAIN

ZARAGOZA. Wednesday 31 October saw the opening of the 800m tramway extension from Gran Via to Plaza de España, featuring overhead- free operation using the CAF battery system. It was hoped to further extend the line across the River Ebro before Christmas. J. Peña Gonzalvo

The centre of the Spanish city of Zaragoza now features wire-free tramway operation with CAF Urbos 3 trams. SWITZERLAND J. Peña Gonzalvo AIGLE – CHAMPÉRY (TPC). In 2015 the 3129, presented to the press on 31 October. The served by trams with a new double-track link voltage will be increased from 850 to 1500V tram has received a new floor, new seats and the through Focha, Namaszewieza and Dworcowa dc. Seven new Beh4/6 cars are to be ordered new front end. digitaletram.nl to Dworzec Glowny and Rycerska, where a new to replace 511-514, 101-105 and 523/5. Beh4/8 GENERAL. On 2 October the 2nd Chamber turning loop has been built. The route network 91/2 and Bt 531/2 will be adapted. ‘tram’ of Parliament approved the opt-out of public is now: 1, Las Gdanski – Wilczak; 2, Rondo BASEL. The cross-border tramway extension transport tendering for the city transport Kujawaskie – Las Gdanski; 3, Wyscigowa to Weil-am-Rhein in Germany has slipped undertakings in Amsterdam, Den Haag, – Rycerska; 4, Glinki – Bielawy; 5,Glinki – behind schedule and will not open until 2014. Rotterdam and Utrecht. OR Rycerska; 6, Bielawy – Lehnowo; 7, Wyscigowa The Groose Rat of canton Basel Stadt has – Kapusciska; 8, Wilczak – Kapusciska. approved the CHF350m (EUR290.4m) tramway NEW ZEALAND The arrival of PESA low-floor trams has been investment programme for 2014-23. delayed by litigation. L. Pohoryles Düwag articulated cars remaining available AUCKLAND. The city council is discussing GDANSK. It is reported that 16 Stadtbahn N8C for service are 624/6-9/37/9/42/4-7/50-3/5/6. spending NZD6.6m (EUR4.2m) to extend the trams are to be acquired from Kassel. DS Two are used regularly on line 21, the others as Wynard Quarter heritage tramway through the GRUDZIADZ. A consortium of extras for football matches and events. BS, ‘tram’ Viaduct area to the Maritime Museum; 27 780 Przedsiebiorstwo Budowy Dróg I Mostów and BERN. The first tram to test the new 1.3km passengers were carried on the line in the year Tor-Kar-Sson has been awarded a PLZ54.8m (0.8-mile) extension from Guisanplatz to ending 27 October 2012. (EUR13.3m) contract to modernise and double Wankdorf was 662 on 23 October. Public service CHRISTCHURCH. The resumption of the 7.6km (4.7 miles) of track on the metre-gauge with route 9 started on 9 December. BS 2.6km (1.6-mile) heritage tramway service tramway, renew overhead and replace power BERN – SOLOTHURN (RBS). Delivery has in the earthquake will not be achieved supply cables. A. Bailey started of Stadler NExT RABe4/12 27-34. BS in January as hoped, with repair costs estimated KRAKÓW. The tramway extension from GENEVE. From 9 December the CERN – at NZD1.6m (EUR1m). A new target of the Ruczaj to Czerwone Maki in the south-west Bel-Air section of route 14 was renumbered end of June has been set. ‘The Press’ suburbs was opened on 17 November and is 18, to avoid confusion on the loop through the served by routes 11, 18, 23 and 52 (peaks only). city centre. The timetable change also saw NORWAY DS the end of short workings of route 12 to WARSZAWA. The last 37 13N trams were due Chêne-Bourg and Augustine. ‘tram’ OSLO. T-bane services were reorganised to be withdrawn on 31 December. Amongst LUZERN – INTERLAKEN (ZB). CHF30m from 9 December and are now as follows: 1, them is car 753, originally 503, delivered in (EUR24.8m) is being invested in 7.4km (4.5 Frognersetern – Helsfyr/Ellingsrudasen; 2, 1959, when Chorzów copied the type from two miles) of double track between Horw and Gjönnes–Helsfyr – Ellingsrudesen; 3, Storo– imported Tatra T1. Hergiswil. A CHF385m (EUR319.5m) scheme Helsfyr – Mortensrud; 4/6, Sognsvann – to double-track the adjacent tunnel is under Bergkrystallen ring service; 5, Österas–Vestli. RUSSIA discussion as a long-term project. EA MEIRINGEN – INNERTKIRCHEN (MIB). PHILIPPINES MOSKVA. A universal ticket allowing one Passengers were carried by bus from 15 October metro ride and unlimited surface transport to 9 December to allow flood prevention work MANILA. Four groups are bidding for the use for 90 minutes is being introduced. From to go ahead. EA PPP contract to expand and operate LRT line 1: April tourists will be able to buy a RUR200 MONTREUX – ZWEISIMMEN (MOB). Light Rail Manila (Metro Pacific Investments (EUR4.9) one-day pass for unlimited public Be4/4 301/3 have been acquired from ASm and Corporation, Ayala Corporation and Macquarie, transport use. ‘Moscow News’ numbered 1006/7. Both will be used for works with Bouygues, Leighton, Alstom and RATP); SANKT PETERBURG. The Alstom Citadis duties. EA MTD Samsung with Hyundai Rotem and demonstrator spent most of 2012 sitting in Depot SOLOTHURN – OENSINGEN (ASm). The Seoul Metro; DMCI Holdings with Marubeni 1, and was returned to France in early November new metre-gauge branch from Niederbipp to Corporation and STC Metrorrey; San Miguel without ever operating on the system. Oensingen was opened on 9 December. The Corporation with GS Engineering and Korea Low-floor 71-631 tram 5210 from Ust-Katav alignment follows the line closed in 1943. ‘tram’ Railroad Corporation. A decision is expected is being tested and followed by five more, double- ZÜRICH. The Fonduetram (1802) is running in January with a transfer of the line in April or ended, examples. Three BKM 71-643 low-floor again, until 2 March. A two-hour trip with a May. C. Lietwiler trams from Minsk are also expected. DS meal costs CHF93 (EUR77). BS

POLAND SLOVAKIA TURKEY

BYDGOSZCZ. After many years of isolation, BRATISLAVA. The Slovak government has KONYA. Skoda has been awarded a contract the railway station is since 23 November again given up plans for a heavy rail tunnel under for 60 new trams to replace the ex-Köln Düwag

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cars that were obtained second-hand to open the system in 1992. A. Bailey

UKRAINE

KYIV. Metro line 2 was extended from Vystavkovyl Tsentr to Ipodrom on 25 October. Japanese funding has been secured to upgrade 95 of the city’s 185 metro cars with new electrical controls, reducing power consumption. RGI

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

DUBAI. Two metro stations are being renamed. Khalid bin Al Waleed becomes Burjuman, while Jebel Ali Industrial becomes Danube. The renamings are part of the Naming Rights Project, giving public and private sector companies the opportunity to pay for a station name. A. Bailey

UNITED KINGDOM

BLACKPOOL. Following a busy last two weeks of the Illuminations period when modified Balloon trams from the reserve ‘B’ fleet provided The prototype Ust Katav 71-631 low-floor tram in Sankt Peterburg during a trial run on 5 November. Denis Ke a daytime intermediate service between Pleasure Beach and Little Bispham, winter tram services expected to be complete until 2020. from West View Leisure Centre to Deepdale using the Flexity 2 fleet began on 5 November. A GBP1.2m (EUR1.4m) grant to make the Road has still to be agreed by Lancashire Daytime service on Monday to Saturdays network more accessible has been received from officials. According to Trampower the granting operates every 12 minutes with a morning and the European Union. It will be used to fund of planning permission would be the key to evening shoulder service every 20 minutes. works at Govan, Ibrox, Cessnock and Bridge unlocking private investment to allow the line to Early morning and evening services operate Street stations and will supplement the GBP6m be constructed. at 30-minute intervals, extended by a late night (EUR7.4m) Revitalising Subway Stations SOUTH YORKSHIRE. A new SupertramLink return journey over the whole line on Fridays project that is modernising the busiest stations at bus service was introduced on 28 October and Saturdays. Sunday services operate at Govan and Ibrox. linking the Halfway branch of Supertram with 20-minute intervals daytime with a 30-minute Strathclyde Partnership for Transport has Sothall, Rother Valley Way and Killamarsh. headway early mornings and evenings. This also announced that GBP776 477 (EUR959 Services run Monday to Saturday daytime. At is a comparatively generous timetable that, it 567) will be spent at Buchanan Street for the the same time cheaper Sheffield area tram+bus is hoped, will avoid some of the overcrowding design, manufacture and installation of moving day and week tickets were introduced and bus problems experienced during the summer travelators to provide a link to Queen Street services were withdrawn from parts of the months. Station. Escalators will also be renewed during Norfolk Park area in favour of the tram service. The full fleet of 16 Flexity 2 trams is now the project. TYNE & WEAR. The campaign by Passenger available with the return of 002 from Bombardier LONDON (DLR) Following extensive changes Transport Executive Nexus to tackle the on 1 November. The tram had been in Germany to the pattern of operations for the Olympic problem of railway cable theft in North East for six months, its stay there including an and Paralympic games, services were again England has won a communications industry appearance at the InnoTrans exhibition in Berlin. amended in November to cater for events at the award. The campaign was launched after a Both 001, which was worked on in Starr Gate ExCel centre. Additional services were operated rash of thefts on its own and Network Rail depot, and 002 are now to the same standard of between Bank and Beckton; Canning Town and infrastructure in the summer of 2011. finish as the remaining 14 of the series. Prince Regent/Woolwich Arsenal; and Stratford Tynemouth Metro station has won an English ELLESMERE PORT – HELSBY. Parry International and Prince Regent, with some Heritage award after an extensive battle to People Movers is involved in a study determining reduced services on other parts of the network. rescue the listed Victorian station. The owner, whether there would be sufficient demand LONDON (UNDERGROUND). Upgrade of Station Development Ltd, was presented with for a business case to reduce car journeys the Victoria Line has seen delays cut by a third in the Angel Award for the Best Craftsmanship from the South Wirral and Ellesmere Port into four years and halved since 2003. The upgrade Employed on a Heritage Rescue, for the Manchester by providing a half-hourly shuttle has provided a 21% capacity increase on the line restoration of intricate cast iron glazed on the Ellesmere Port – Helsby railway line. with new trains allowing a 30-train-per-hour components as part of the restoration of the Helsby has an approximately half-hourly (tph) service at peak times and a 24tph off-peak station canopy. stopping service on the Manchester to North and weekend headway. It is hoped to introduce a The work was partly funded by Nexus, which Wales line and a shuttle would save 35 minutes on 33tph peak service during 2013. owns the platforms at the centre of the station. the current rail journey time between Ellesmere London Underground’s upgrade programme is The Angel Awards were founded by Andrew Port and Manchester which requires a change in to deliver a 30% increase in capacity, with works Lloyd-Webber to celebrate the efforts of local Chester. The study has been commissioned by on the Northern, Circle, District, Hammersmith people to rescue their heritage. Cheshire West & Chester Council, in conjunction & City and Metropolitan lines already underway. with Parry and a local rail invigoration group. Local residents and businesses have been USA GLASGOW. The Royal Commission on the invited to comment on proposals to extend the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland Northern line from Kennington to Battersea via ANAHEIM, CA. The city council has is creating a record of the architecture of the Nine Elms. Plans include two new Underground approved plans for a 5km (3.1-mile) urban Glasgow Subway. It has visited all 15 stations stations at Battersea and Nine Elms. Earlier tramline estimated to cost USD319m linking the on the 116-year-old network, carrying out a consultations show strong support for the 3km Convention Center and Disneyland resort; ten detailed survey in advance of the GBP288m (1.8 mile) extension, which would assist in the modern trams would be needed, but at present (EUR281.7m) modernisation programme. The regeneration of the Vauxhall and Nine Elms area. only funding of USD24.6m has been earmarked. flagship station of the modernisation work is PRESTON. Trampower has submitted a Hill International has been awarded a Hillhead, where a mural by artist Alasdair Gray planning application to take its proposed USD9.6m contract to carry out the Environmental was unveiled in September. Work is underway tramline from Deepdale Road through the Impact Assessment. E. B. Havens at Partick. city centre to the railway station. An earlier BALTIMORE, MD. The proposed 22.4km The full modernisation programme is not application to incorporate the Network Rail line (13.9-mile) Red light rail line has passed

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29-33_TAUT1301_WWR.indd 4 27/11/2012 10:44 scrutiny by the city’s Board of Estimates, and Broadway. The first section of the tramline is the new building has been erected, tracklaying the USD2.1bn project to link Woodlawn and scheduled for completion in 2014. E. B. Havens to allow the arrival of the fleet additions from the John Hopkins Bayview Campus should go Blackpool that are currently in store. forward for federal funding in 2015. Completion MUSEUM NEWS KINGSTON, NY (US). Federal and state would be in 2022. E. B. Havens grants totalling USD865 000 are funding track BOSTON, MA. A USD220.3m contract ASTON MANOR (UK). The Aston Manor restoration at the Trolley Museum of New York. has been awarded to Alstom to modernise Road Transport Museum, which had to leave E. B. Havens 86 LRVs in 2013-14 and refit 74 double- the former Witton Tram Depot building in LANCASTRIAN TRANSPORT TRUST deck commuter rail cars in 2013-15. Birmingham, has now found a permanent home (UK). Trustees are instigating an independent Hyundai-Rotem has delivered the first of 75 following a period when its artefacts were in review of the LTT’s activities with a view to double-deck commuter rail coaches. E. B. Havens store. It is moving to a former industrial unit in developing a strategy to deliver a sustainable CHARLOTTE, NC. The city council has Shenstone Drive, Aldridge and hopes to have future for its vehicles. The Trust has issued a awarded a Blyth/Balfour Beatty consortium a limited opening for the public from the spring. policy statement concerning its difficult financial USD26m contract to build the first part of the BEAMISH (UK). Following some remedial situation and the lack of progress in setting up Uptown heritage tramway. It is hoped to start work, loaned Blackpool tram 304 operated on a tram museum project at the Thornton Gate carrying passengers in March 2015. E. B. Havens the Beamish circuit for various Halloween and sidings site; it acknowledges a drop in donations CHCAGO, IL. Commuter rail operator has put Bonfire special events at the end of October and due to the recession and contrasts successes such into service the first four double-deck EMUs beginning of November, including operation as the operation of Coronation 304 at Beamish built by Nippon Sharyo, heralding a fleet of 160 during early heavy snow. The next visitor to with the negative publicity surrounding the costing USD577m. E. B. Havens the system, subject to detailed arrangements, removal of other Trust trams to open storage. DALLAS, TX. Monday 3 December saw the is to be Lisbon 730 from the Merseyside The review is being led by Dave Holden, a opening of the Orange light rail line extension to Tramway Preservation Society collection. board member of the North West Museum of Belt Line (Irving Interchange). E. B. Havens The visit should take place in the spring to Transport. As well as reviewing the costs of KANSAs CITY, MO. The Mid-America coincide with the 40th anniversary of the vehicle storage and display, it is expected that regional Council has approved USD17.7m in Beamish Tramway, expected to take place the question of duplicated vehicle types will be federal funding for the city circulator tramway over the first weekend in April. Other visiting addressed along with the ability of the LTT to project, following FTA environmental approval. preserved trams are likely to make the journey to maintain public support through donations. E. B. Havens Beamish for the event. MEJIMURA (JP). The heritage tramway at the LOS ANGELES, CA. Utility relocation work CRICH (UK). The Secretary of State for open-air museum was re-opened on 13 October. for the light rail Downtown Connector started in Transport and MP for Derbyshire Dales, Patrick BS November. McLoughlin, visited Crich Tramway Village on WANGANUI (NZ). Restored tram 12 was due MEMPHIS, TN. Tram patronage in the first 26 October and was treated to a session at the to make its first test run on the completed section three months of 2012 was up 45.7% on the same controls of Southampton 45 as well as touring of waterfront tramway at the end of November. period in 2011. In fiscal year 2012 the patronage the Tramway Museum Society library and the M. Karauria increase was 23.1%. E. B. Havens George Stephenson Workshop exhibition area. WIRRAL TRAMWAY (UK). Tram services MIAMI, FL. The formal USD313.8m order for Visitor numbers during the 2012 summer were ceased in mid-October following a decision by 136 metro cars was placed with AnsaldoBreda poor compared to previous years, particularly Wirral Council made in the light of comments on 8 November. The first six cars should be during August and September when the Olympic contained in an internal health and safety audit, delivered in 2015. A. Bailey and Paralympic Games were staged in London. which criticised the council’s ability to comply NEW ORLEANS, LA. The new USD52m Winter opening is reduced to every Tuesday, with the Railways and Other Guided Transport tramline on Loyola Avenue linking the French Wednesday and Thursday between 10.30 and Systems (Safety) Regulations 2006 (ROGS). Quarter and the Amtrak station is scheduled to 15.30 with admission being free as no trams will Notwithstanding its desire to be relieved of open in January, so it can play its part in handling be operational. responsibility for the tramway, the council has the Superbowl traffic on 3 February. CNBC However, a range of full- and half-day Craft set up a working group to review the current PITTSBURGH, PA. Light rail service in the Workshops has been arranged in the Learning structure and develop an action plan. city centre subway was curtailed to Steel Plaza Centre each Wednesday for a fee of GBP5 Until the matter is resolved tram services will for three days after an LRV derailed between (EUR6) and full day sessions operate mostly on remain suspended but a free heritage bus service Wood St and Gateway stations on 9 November. a one day per month basis for a fee of GBP35 will operate at weekends from Woodside Ferry E. B. Havens (EUR43). Sessions for ‘tramway tots’ are also to the Wirral Transport Museum at Taylor Street, SALT LAKE CITY, UT. The Frontrunner being organised. Details can be found on the operating to the former tram timetable. commuter rail extension to Provo was website. inaugurated on 8 December with free rides. EAST HAVEN, CT (US). The Shore Line CONTRIBUTORS Regular services started on 10 December. On 14 Trolley Museum was once again flooded by the April the light rail extension to the airport will be 29 October storm, but was better prepared this Worldwide items should be sent to Worldwide inaugurated. E. B. Havens time with as much equipment as possible moved Editor Michael Taplin at Flat 1, 10 Hope SAN ANTONIO, TX. The city is considering to the higher part of the site. The Santa Trolleys Road, Shanklin, Isle of Wight PO37 a new financing deal for its proposed tramline, were able to operate in December. J. W. Vigrass 6EA, UK – Fax: +44 (0)1983 862810 or avoiding a legal battle with opponents who say HEATON PARK (UK). Work to create the [email protected]. that wording precluding the use of funds for basis of the new depot building at Lakeside is UK and Ireland items are welcomed by John ‘light rail’ means they should not be used for continuing with the siding at the new terminal Symons, 17 Whitmore Avenue, Werrington, trams. There would be a funding swap with state having a further set of points installed in order to Stoke-on-Trent, ST9 0LW, UK. E-mail money previously set aside for highways from create a three-track layout; the outermost track is [email protected]. the Texas Mobility Fund. E. B. Havens to be the new depot approach road. The appeal Contributors this month include Mike SAN FRANCISCO, CA (Muni). The fund for the new depot is still open. The shell Haddon and Paul Jackson. Acknowledgements centenary of Muni was marked by two Sundays of the building has been covered by funds raised are also due to BS Blickpunkt Strassenbahn, of museum car operation, on 4 and 11 November. so far, but brickwork, trackwork and overhead CNBC Consumer News Business Channel, Trams, cable cars, trolleybuses and motorbuses wires require additional funds. DS Drehscheibe Strassenbahn, EA were all presented on Market St. Cable car 42 The line in the park will remain open over Eisenbahn Amateur, Fylde Tramway Society, carried passengers for the first time since the the winter but permanent way work is to be Indianexpress.com, IRJ International Railway O’Farrell, Jones & Hyde line closed in 1954. undertaken and tram 7 will be used as the winter Journal, MTMS, SYPTE, ‘the press’, Times of Special operation of preserved/heritage trams works tram, while Stockport 5 and Manchester India, ‘tram’, TA Transit Australia, T-2000 Tram featured 1912 car 1, 1914 car 162 and 1948 765 will be overhauled in preparation for the 2000, TMS, Edinburgh Evening News, Irish PCCs 1006/8 and 1952 PCC 1040. streetcar.org 2013 season. Times, Manchester Evening News, OR Op De SEATTLE, WA. The city has been allocated a Winter work is to include further extension Rails, Nottingham Evening Post, RGI Railway USD1.75m federal grant towards design costs of the track at Lakeside towards the site of the Gazette International, Moscow News, urbanrail. for an extension of the First Hill Streetcar to new depot; the depot fan construction; and, once net and The Scotsman.

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org january 2013 33

29-33_TAUT1301_WWR.indd 5 27/11/2012 10:45 [email protected] +44 (0)1832 281145 LETTERS Letters should be clearly typed and preferably not handwritten. Get your views into print We reserve the right to shorten all contributions for publication.

Edinburgh: The world's most expensive tramway?

The latest offi cial fi gures released by City Additionally, there is an ‘Other’ line for the communications and stakeholder of Edinburgh Council for its under- which is the largest single line in the costs reported. GBP3.43m (EUR4.24m) construction tramway raise additional ‘vehicles’ sub-section. Surely GBP25.71m is a modest sum given the amount of causes for concern around a project that (EUR31.87m) is not just ‘other’? disruption; this is one budget line where is already under the microscope. The Also, given the GBP63.94m (EUR79m) maybe costs should not have been saved. fi rst one being: how could the fi gures be quoted, for ‘Project Management & Engaging thoroughly with the local so drastically wrong when the residents Supervision’ even if you are paying your communities and explaining how the of Edinburgh will receive so much less project managers GBP100 000 a year scheme will benefi t Edinburgh in the but yet be committed to so much more? decades to come is worth every penny From an original budget of spent, so why is this fi gure not double?! GBP478.27m (EUR590.89m), we are ‘I would imagine it I would imagine it will be impossible now told that this will be GBP776m to untangle the problems in Edinburgh (EUR958.7m). If this was the end of the will be impossible to for a few years yet and ask the basic story it would be bad enough, but given questions: what has gone so drastically that the budget has almost doubled and untangle the problems wrong? How could any of this have been the line has shrunk by around half, how avoided? Is anyone to blame, and if so, can anyone justify paying twice as much who? What lessons can be learned? for half as much tramway? in Edinburgh for a few To put all this into context: The Dubai Take the ‘vehicles’ line for example. Metro reported in the last issue of TAUT, I’m sure that I have read in a past TAUT years yet...’ by my rough maths, works out at around that it has cost GBP11 000 to transport GBP105m/mile (or around EUR130m/ each new tram from the factory in Irun, that works out as almost 639 project km). This is for a state-of-the-art, largely Spain, to Edinburgh, and yet the delivery manager years – just how many project elevated 75km (46.6-mile) automated fi gures in City of Edinburgh fi gures managers does a 13.5km tramway need? metro, not a street-running tramway show GBP4.51m (EUR5.58m)! If this In contrast to this, the City of that is running perilously close to costing includes the cost of storage for the new Edinburgh Council has spent just GBP100m/mile! trams while the depot was delayed then GBP150 000 (EUR185 300) on ticket There is no pride to be drawn from maybe that accounts for some of it, but machines to date. This seems a paltry having the world's most expensive it nevertheless a tremendous fi gure the fi gure by comparison to the other costs on-street tramway in a time of recession. needs further investigation. unless I am missing something. Likewise A. P. Briggs, by e-mail

Boston cuts are regrettable revenue protection squads to check tickets transit expansion, as there are few signifi cant The steps proposed by the MBTA in Boston and impose penalties where appropriate. focal points at which to concentrate local to reduce the system’s defi cit (TAUT 900) They could also introduce priority at services around light rail and metro. are defi nitely regrettable. In an era of peak intersections for trams. Taken together, these The problem affects all modes but there oil and climate change, maintaining public measures would reduce overall costs, through could be particular gains for the commuter transport is surely a priority, with electrical more effi cient use of the operating staff and rail lines serving the outer reaches of the systems offering particular benefi ts. tram fl eet, and attract more traffi c through the conurbation. The existing services are good MBTA runs a fi ne set of networks, and faster journey times. but could be far better if the relatively slow the cuts proposed could damage existing Both practices are commonplace across operation of large trains powered by diesel patronage and future development, as well as the continent and even in the UK. However, locomotives were transformed into fast harming the city’s character. MBTA faces the problem that checking all accelerating EMUs serving far more stations. The proposed cuts to the Green line are tickets refl ects the widely held principle Reg Harman, by e-mail especially unfortunate because its operation in the USA that every person should be has two serious weaknesses, and there are seen to contribute. Giving public transport Does Dijon deserve its prize? potential fi nancial gains in addressing these. priorities over cars also runs counter to much I am astonished at the awarding of a prize for One is the time taken boarding outside thinking in the USA – and the UK, of course! the Dijon tramway at the Light Rail Awards. the tunnel section, as each ticket has to be – and MBTA needs to liaise with the State The tramway is a catastrophe for the checked: by the driver for the front tram of highways department over this. Thus changes citizens of the city, who now see their travel a pair, and a ticket collector in the cab of the in these areas are likely to prove very diffi cult time increase by over 50% in some cases, second tram. (Using the front door for all in practice for political reasons. but mostly experiencing declining air quality. alighting as well will only worsen this.) In addition, the development and Today, the particulates level has gone up and The other is that trams on lines B, C and management of MBTA’s networks are not the air has become so unbearable. E spend quite a lot of time at traffi c lights, directly linked into planning for economic The tram continues to stifl e businesses that where they have no priority: lines B and C, and social activities and settlement patterns. have survived the disuption of the works and while segregated, run down the centre of Like most USA conurbations, Boston is many are already planning new settlements main highways, and so pass through a good characterised by sprawl, with relatively low outside the path of the tram. number of signal controlled intersections. As densities compared to European norms, So a cost of EUR500m for the tramway, a result, the overall speed on all lines is well even for the inner suburbs, and there are no increased pollution, longer travel times and below what they could achieve. recognisable urban centres (most commerce still no investment in charging stations for the MBTA might better allow boarding and has moved to shopping malls and business next generation of zero-emission electric cars. alighting by all doors and using roving parks). This limits opportunities for serious J-Jacques Bols, by e-mail

34 JANUARY 2013 www.tramnews.net ● www.Irta.org

34-35_TAUT1301_Letters.indd 1 27/11/2012 12:40 Norman Kellett (1937-2012) We regret to report the death of Norman Kellett, on 5 November 2012, following major heart surgery. Norman was Light Rail Transit Association Secretary from 1996 to early 2008 and was significantly involved in the Association’s transition from unincorporated status to a private limited company. Born in 1937, his early interest in trams was fostered in post-war Liverpool and through copies of Modern Tramway; in fact it was MT that reawakened his interest in the subject in the late 1970s, leading to Association membership. Normanʼs funeral was held as this TAUT went to press; a fuller obituary and appreciation of his life and work will appear next month. Peter Snook, LRTA Secretary

CORRECTION: The book review in the last issue (TAUT 900) for Tussen Stad en Land should have included the pricing of GBP32.90 including postage, not with Cuts to Boston's MBTA services ae regrettable, argues Reg Harman. Would tram priority and enhanced postage as extra cost. revenue protection be a better choice? Richard Buckley

Westminster Watch was taken as the result of significant flaws Now I am not advocating a return to John Paul Rowen, former MP within the procurement process undertaken by Prescott’s widely-optimistic Transport White for Rochdale and first my Department.” He announced two inquiries: Paper which promised 27 new tram schemes Chair of the UK’s All-Party one by Sam Laidlaw, Chief Executive of in ten years. It wasted millions and tarnished Parliamentary Light Rail Group Centrica, into what happened and why, and the reputation of light rail in many areas. the second by Richard Brown, Chairman of Transport investment is long-term, Eurostar, into the implications for the whole and at a local level Integrated Transport Nothing ignites the House of Commons more franchising process. Both reviews should be Authorities endeavour to make it integrated. than a crisis or a cock-up. So when the new completed as soon as possible. We need a long-term transport strategy from UK Secretary of State for Transport Patrick So, what are the implications for light Government which sets out the investment in McLoughlin abruptly cancelled the West rail? Successive governments have offered each of our transport modes (including light Coast Main Line franchise awarded to First rail operating companies longer franchises rail) over a ten-year period. Group, the House was packed with MPs – from ten years to 15 and even 22 years. But they say that every cloud has a demanding answers. This requires the rail operating companies silver lining, and scrapping the West Coast Shadow Transport Secretary Maria Eagle to produce passenger forecasts without any franchise decision (and pausing the others) was typically blunt: “...this is yet another reference to other parts of the transport gives supporters of Tram-Train an interesting staggering example of the monumental network. Road, air, ports and urban transport new opportunity. incompetence of this shambles of a (including LRT) all stand alone. The Many Integrated Transport Authorities are Government. It is a failure of policy, a failure Government lacks a fully integrated long- looking at schemes which could be developed of process, a failure of ministerial oversight term appraisal of transport requirements. using tram-train technology. The pause in and a failure of ministerial leadership.” The fact that a similar inquiry into franchise renewal gives them a valuable In terminating the process the Transport airport capacity is also taking place merely opportunity to press government for their Secretary was equally honest: “This decision underlines the point. inclusion in the new refranchising process.

The full list of the year’s meetings and meeting places can also be MEETINGS & EVENTS found at www.lrta.org

December . Saturday 5. West Midlands 14.00. . Saturday 19. Taunton 14.00. David Area AGM and model competition. (TLRS) Edwards: Milan. (TLRS) . Wednesday 16. Bristol 19.30. Area . Tuesday 8. Southampton 19.30. Mike . Monday 21. Liverpool 19.30. Mike AGM then Brian Lomas: Iberia pt. 5. Russell: South American Journey. (LRTA/SEG) Crabtree: Doncaster Tramways. (TLRS) . Monday 17. Sheffield 19.30. Roger . Wednesday 9. Brighton (Southwick) . Monday 21. Sheffield 19.30. Sean Benton: Early days at Crich. 19.40. AGM, followed by the Terry Russell Croshaw: The heritage tramway scene. . Monday 17. Wickham 19.30. Film Tramway Show. (TLRS) . Monday 21. Wickham 19.30. Terry Christmas Bash! (TLRS) . Friday 11. Glasgow 19.30. Sholto Chase: Trams and other things (TLRS) . Tuesday 18. London 19.00. M J Thomas. Life on the buses. (STTS) . Friday 25. Edinburgh 19.30. Iain Russell: South American Journey 2012. . Saturday 12. Birmingham. 14.00 Mike Macdonald: Tram-Trains (+ business meeting). . Wednesday 19. Bristol 19.30. Ballinger: How Walsall got its electric trams. . Friday 25. Leicester 19.45. Brian Members Evening. (LRTA/TLRS/ERS) Edwards: Anything but Scotland: Australia January . Monday 14. Richmond 19.30. John and New Zealand pictures. (TMS) Laker: Cine films. (TLRS) . Saturday 26. Beeston 14.00. AGM . Thursday 3. Blackpool/Cleveleys 19.30. . Tuesday 15. London 19.00. John Laker: including Tea Tray challenge and photos. Then James Blythe: TBC. (Fylde Tramway Society) Western France 2012 HD video. Bob Bracegirdle: New Orleans Trams. (TLRS)

www.tramnews.net l www.Irta.org january 2013 35

34-35_TAUT1301_Letters.indd 2 27/11/2012 12:41 Classic Trams: Dresden Jubilee Saxon-style

A full weekend of tramway-related events was staged in the historic city seat of the Electors of Saxony at the end of September, when Dresden’s tramways marked their 140th anniversary. Mike Russell reports.

he first tramline in Dresden opened with horse 1 traction on 26 September 1872 between Blasewitz and Pirnaischerplatz. From the outset, the non- standardT 1450mm gauge was used and remains today. Later, a line linking Schlossplatz with Schillerplatz was the first electric tramway in Saxony, opened on 6 July 1893. Over the weekend of 29-30 September 2012, the 140th anniversary was marked by a festival that met the high expectations raised from the experience of the several past celebrations of significant anniversary dates in the city. Dresden’s tramway has the great advantage of its large site at Trachenberge, in the north of the city, on which to stage such an event. This complex is an operating depot with a huge open-air paved stabling area; it also includes the Dresden tramway museum, housed in the former main workshops and reopened in 2011 after a two-year refit. Blessed with such advantageous display conditions, and equally by a weekend of warm weather, it is not surprising that the event attracted the many thousands of visitors for which it was designed. A special tram service (140) was operated at ten-minute intervals on both days, linking the depot with the city centre by a pan-handle shaped loop, and the low-floor articulated cars and three-car TatraT4 sets 1 Unvestibuled handling and knowledge. The winning team was from now reserved for extra operations were often fully loaded. car 309 of 1902 Budapest, with the home Dresden team and Bruxelles in Publicity was extensive, and the freely distributed crossing the city’s second and third places respectively. literature and souvenirs included a novel concept: a heavy Augustusbrücke duty cardboard flat-pack that could be easily assembled to during the final Historic and modern form a makeshift seat, compensating for the lack of seating parade on Sunday Of course, the trams themselves formed the centrepiece of on the depot apron. Many visitors found these self-assembly 30 September and the event and the opportunity was taken to allow visitors packs useful and several were utilised on cars providing the hauling trailer 87. to inspect both modern examples and a number of historic shuttle service by homeward-bound visitors, in preference cars, together with that Dresden speciality, the CarGo tram. to the tramcars’ own upholstered seating! 2 Dresden 87 The tram museum itself was closed throughout the In addition to features found at any self-respecting ( ) weekend, probably as the volunteer staff were needed for German tramway open day, there was a wide-ranging series originally 337 the special event, and so by no means all the cars contained of performances by bands and local choirs, and numerous operated a circuit within the museum were on display. Those that were enthusiast group sales stalls. Dresden’s Gotha T57 works from within represented a good cross-section of rolling stock development car 201 011, originally built in 1959 for Karl-Marx-Stadt the depot via over the past century and all were in working order. Indeed, (Chemnitz), did good business as a bookshop, with a selection Trachenberger one of the advertised attractions was the operation of an of second-hand goods along with contemporary merchandise. Strasse on both days. hourly city tour by motor car 734 and trailer 1029. An innovation was the staging of the first European Tram The original horse When one considers the terrible destruction that was Driving Competition, in which 17 two-person teams from car of 1893 bearing wrought upon Dresden in World War Two, it may seem Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, this number was an surprising that so many examples of pre-1945 rolling Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and Spain took part. Einspanner (one- stock have survived and are included within the museum Driving one of Dresden’s NGT D8 DD low-floor articulated horse car) but the inventory. Rolling stock shortages in the DDR era meant cars, each team revealed its identity in the tram’s destination underframe fitted to that many pre-World War One cars survived in daily service aperture as it proceeded around the course within the the former electric until the mid-1970s, whilst others had been relegated depot and in Trachenberger Strasse to demonstrate its skill, trailer 337 results to works duties and lasted just long enough to become in a significantly 2 increased weight, 3 such that two horses are necessary. 3 One of the stars of the Dresden museum is two-axle Kleiner Hecht car 1820 of 1938, seen here on the apron of Trachenberge depot with trailer 1135 (19 years its senior and built on this site).

36 JANUARY 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org 4 4 Three-car trains 5 of Gotha-built LOWA-style ET54 motor cars and EB54 trailers were a familiar sight in the city for many years. This set, comprising 1538, 1362 and 1361, features cars all subjected to a mid-career rebuild to single-ended configuration; it is seen here crossing 6 the remodelled 7 Postplatz interchange during the Saturday cavalcade. 5 The matching set of Gotha T57/B57 cars made up of motor car 1587 and trailer 1413 is seen in Sophienstrasse approaching Theaterplatz, with part of the Zwinger Palace visible preservation candidates, the results of which good fortune behind, in the ended form in 1964-5; such formations could still be seen are now plain for lovers of historic tramcars to admire. course of processing on Dresden streets until the late 1980s. A feature of previous anniversary tramway events in around the city Car 1587 is a later Gotha T57 motor car built in 1959 for Dresden has been the early evening parade of historic during the Saturday Karl-Marx-Stadt’s first standard-gauge route and transferred tramcars through the city. It seemed surprising that no cavalcade. Preserved to Dresden following arrival of Tatra T3 cars in 1966; it such parade was announced in the publicity brochure, Tatra T4/B4 set is in hauled matching B57 double-ended trailer 1413, delivered this being limited to references to additional tours to be the background. new to Dresden in 1959. made by Tatra T6A2 car 226 001. During the course of the first day, enquiries revealed that a limited procession was 6 A comparison of Hechtwagen indeed planned for 17.00. In fact, when 17.00 arrived, a two Tatra prototypes Two of the Dresden museum’s proudest exhibits are full parade of all the displayed historic rolling stock set off built almost two examples of each of the Hechtwagen (Pike cars), first from Trachenberge depot for a circuit of the city including a decades apart. Seen developed by Professor Alfred Bockemühl of the Dresden crossing of the Augustusbrücke that spans the river Elbe, with in Trachenberger tramways in conjunction with manufacturers Niesky and magnificent views of reconstructed baroque Dresden behind. depot are 2000, the Busch in 1930-1. A similar parade took place on the Sunday at the firstT4D from 1967, The entry into service of the firstGrosser Hecht bogie conclusion of the event. The absence of advance details of whilst on the right is car in October 1931 was a triumph for Dresden; designed these parades and the route was an omission one hopes will the prototype T6A2, specifically for the hilly Bühlau line, with their all-metal not be repeated on future occasions. bodywork, electro-mechanical contactor equipment, four Cars that had been exhibited at Trachenberge during the 226 001, dating 55kW motors and seated motorman’s position the cars were day and which participated in the parade were two-axle from 1985. Both are very advanced for their time and with their eponymous motor car 309, a home-built veteran of 1902 which is the now included in the pointed ends still present an imposing sight 80 years later. oldest car in the collection and has been in preservation historic collection. Many were lost in the firestorm of February 1945 but those since reconstruction in 1968-9 as Deutsche Strassenbahn- that survived remained in use until 1972. On this occasion, Gesellschaft in Dresden (‘red car’) 309; before 7 DVB works car only the two-axle Kleiner Hecht (1820, ex-1844) of 1938 municipalisation in 1905-6, there had been several private 201 011 served as a was on display. These impressive cars epitomise the tramway operators in the city and surroundings. mobile souvenir stall forward thinking of the pre-war Dresden undertaking. This car is often seen hauling trailer 87, built in the during the weekend Although the present Dresden Tramway Museum, first Trachenberge main workshops in 1911 as trailer 337; this and was extremely opened in 1992 and reopened after extension and rebuilding has been in the historic fleet since 1971 and has been well patronised. in 2012, contains an impressive collection, it follows rebuilt to resemble horse-car trailer 87 of 1893. Trailer This bi-directional a long history of transport preservation in the city. The 87 was used for frequent trips around a circuit formed two-axle Gotha Verkehrsmuseum Dresden, opened in the 1950s, included by the depot complex and Trachenberger Strasse itself. T57 car was one of several venerable tramcars such as Berlin horse-car 627 Unsurprisingly, the two horses had some difficulty in several acquired by (Herbrand, 1889) and Leipzig electric car 64 of 1896, starting the car with a full load of passengers, for the Dresden in 1966 as well as Dresden one horse-car 106 built by Brill in reconstructed car sits on a substantial underframe far that had opened the 1886, Stoll-built electric car 761 of 1896, rebuilt 1911, heavier than anything from the horse-car era. first standard-gauge and Grosser Hecht 1702. The tramway section closed in The next oldest electric motor car was 734, originally routes in Karl-Marx- February 2012 and the cars have been dispersed, the Berlin 748, one of a big batch of double-ended cars built in 1913 and Leipzig cars returning to their home cities. by Busch of Bautzen that was renumbered in 1960 and Stadt (Chemnitz) This was an excellent celebration of 140 years of rebuilt in 1966 to single-ended form; for these proceedings seven years earlier. tramway history in Dresden. From the beginnings in 1872 it hauled Lindner-built trailer 1029 of 1925. A fine classic with small two-axle horse-cars, to today’s fleet made up three-car set of Gotha-built ET54/EB54 cars was also to be All photography by entirely of low-floor articulated cars for regular service and seen, led by motor car 1538 (ex-1567) with trailers 1362 the author on 29-30 a few sets of Tatra T4/B4 cars retained for special duties, and 1361, originally double-ended and rebuilt to single- September 2012. the city has a proud tramway history. TAUT

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org JANUARY 2013 37 To place an advertisement please contact Andy Adams

Telephone: +44 (0)1832 281135 Email: [email protected]

New from LRTA Tram Atlas Deutschland Publications By Robert Schwandl Order on-line from: lrta.info/shop Third edition of this classic reference work in customary English/German format, Postage/packing extra: essential when travelling in Germany. Any UK address: Add 10% The series ‘Tram Atlas’ (minimum £2.00, maximum £7.50) Outside UK: Add 20% includes a colour map featuring (minimum £4.00, maximum £15.00) stops, single-track sections, For Airmail outside Europe: Add 30% turning loops, other railway (minimum £6.00, maximum £22.50) lines etc. for each tram system, around 70 in all. Basic data is in Or by post from: a box (route lengths, track gauge, vehicle types etc.) LRTA Publications, 35 High Street, Moulton, Each chapter enhanced with photos of current rolling Spalding, PE12 6QB stock, some 150 altogether. Includes Germany’s three trolleybus systems. Trade rates available to bookshops, libraries and museums on books published by the LRTA. Price: £12.50 Companion book, ‘Tram Atlas Schweiz & Österreich’ Please contact [email protected] for more details still available, same price.

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38 JANUARY 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org

38_TAUT1301_Classified_v2.indd 1 28/11/2012 16:30 Dubai supplement 20pp RTA Cover.indd 20 27/11/2012 12:42 world brand in rail systems

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Layout_Adpage.indd 1 22/11/2012 12:19 Special review in association with

DLR 25 years of success

DLR_SUPP COVER SPOT UV.indd 1 28/11/2012 14:30 to the London 2012 Olympic Games. Bombardier is proud to be part of this success story! success this of part to be proud is Bombardier Games. Olympic 2012 London to the dependably, and comfortably passengers, transporting in akey role played has system The construction. under and planned extensions further with Airport, City London serves now and expanded gradually has network 40-km present the opening, its Since reliable. and popular enormously proving vehicles, of generation anew with vehicles, Bombardier-built 94 operating system, transport public driverless automated, fully first by the served is Railway Light Docklands the Docklands, eastern the with London of centre the Linking www.transportation.bombardier.com Second line Headline Happy 25 Happy toDocklan r tH ailway a nniversary nniversary Ds l ig Ht ©DLR

*Trademark(s) of Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. *Trademark(s) of Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. Reshaping East London through light rail

The Docklands Light Railway has always been a transport network which has “It was during punched well above its weight. Back when it was built in 1987, as a the period of fast ‘link’ rather than a ‘network’, it was the and unrelenting catalyst of the massive new Docklands development, the prospect of which had growth in the attracted its fair share of naysayers and 1990s and doubters. They didn’t believe the new centre for financial services would trigger into the new the regeneration of a long-neglected East London and Docklands and among other Millennium, that things, they pointed to the lack of transport the DLR truly connections as proof of that. And then along came the DLR. It started became the with just two routes – Tower Gateway and Regeneration Stratford to Island Gardens – eight miles of track, 15 stations and 11 carriages. Fed by Railway.“ the railway, Docklands grew...and grew...and grew. And with its increasing popularity, so did the DLR. Canary Wharf station for example, expanded from a stop on a viaduct (there then pushing further east to Beckton and was no station here when the railway tunnelling under the river to Lewisham and opened) to what it is today with six Woolwich Arsenal. platforms across three tracks and a large Traditional communities along the river roof, fully integrated into the office towers and new arrivals to the developments amid above it for maximum convenience for the docks found they now had their ‘own’ the thousands of commuters that use the railway as other parts of London had ‘their’ opened in 2011 being one of the main station every day. Tube. The DLR suddenly offered them arteries serving the Olympic Park and But it wasn’t just commuters from the international links via London City Airport connecting other 2012 Games venues other side of the Capital who needed the in 2005 and then another river crossing such as ExCeL, Greenwich and the Royal new railway. Areas to the east of Canary in 2009 to connect communities in and Artillery Barracks. Wharf became more attractive places around Woolwich Arsenal. But by the time they were over, the Games to live and both old and new residents Besides growing the infrastructure, depth had become much, much more for the DLR. there needed fast and reliable transport and strength were added to the service, During the 16 days of the Olympics, the connections into London’s wider network improving capacity by 50% with three-car railway first designed as a ‘link’ carried 6.9 for education and recreation as well as trains and rebuilding the Delta Junction million people, 7.2 million if you count the employment. just north of West India Quay. The addition night of the opening ceremony as well as a It was during this period of fast and of a ‘flyunder’ to the junction was crucial in further 4.3 million during the Paralympics. unrelenting growth in the 1990s and into enabling the introduction of a new high- From the “Regeneration Railway” to the the new Millennium, that the DLR truly frequency, high capacity timetable in 2009. “Olympic Railway”, DLR’s was a gold medal became the Regeneration Railway. Adding Most recently, the 2012 Olympic and performance made possible by a team of new routes, more stations and more trains Paralympic Games have provided the truly Olympic pedigree. as it went, firstly extending into Bank station biggest transport challenge, with the Jonathan Fox, with its excellent Underground connections, Stratford International extension, which Director, Docklands Light Railway

Supplement Editor: Neil Pulling Design: Debbie Nolan Production: Carla Corrado Advertising: Andy Adams Editor: Simon Johnston All images by Neil Pulling unless otherwise stated Special thanks to: Jonathan Fox (DLR), Allan Ramsay (TfL), David Stretch, Len Fenton, Rick Davey, Sarah Allen (Serco Docklands)

25 YEARS OF DLR special 3 D LR: A NEW RAILWAY FOR A NEW REGION

‘Customised Solutions’ is how the have been proven elsewhere in broadly manufacturer Bombardier classifies its similar conditions. In contrast, the DLR most recent vehicles made for London’s came into being as a response to a very Docklands Light Railway. The same phrase particular set of social and economic is also a fair description of this anything circumstances that arose in London during but ‘out-of-the-box’ railway on which those the latter decades of the 20th Century. trains and their predecessors run. Now part The DLR’s eventual extension to today’s of Transport for London’s (TfL) network 40km (24.9 miles) of route was no more branded as DLR, 2012 marks a quarter part of the early vision than was becoming century of operation by what is established an essential and substantial element of as a very successful urban transit system. the capital’s transport structure, still less Light rail has proliferated internationally being a key contributor to the outstanding in recent decades, partly through the success of the London 2012 Olympic and ability to replicate stock and systems that Paralympic Games. Left: A DLR passenger’s eye-view on the Victorian railway viaduct near Limehouse Accumulator Tower, built in 1869 to provide hydraulic power for local industry.

Above: The initial DLR system relied heavily upon available railway alignments: the Fenchurch Street route was donor of the link between Docklands and the City.

Right: Continuing development is apparent to the north of South Quay station.

Shipping out The present day Docklands area most prominently includes the financial district that clusters around its tallest structure, One Canada Square, better known as Canary Wharf, a title which more accurately describes the wider estate of buildings. Long before the DLR helped to make this icon of the business world viable, few British or overseas visitors would stray east of the Tower of London or neighbouring Tower Bridge. For many Londoners even, the capital’s eastern reaches on the north bank of the Thames would also be unfamiliar territory – despite its importance to the local and national economy. These parts of London were once dominated by the country’s most important group of commercial docks. Established across centuries, ship-borne trade passing through London had grown beyond the capacity of riverside docks and wharves; to move production to locations with Barking Creek with its vital if non-fragrant tides also imposed limits on the handling advantages unavailable in city settings. neighbours, the sewage and gas works at of cargo vessels. Through the 19th and well Beckton. Apart from for the residents, the into the 20th Century, off-river rectangular Transforming industries Docklands were somewhere that people docks with lock access were constructed The large area that would become the passed through, rather than arrived at. and enlarged. Collectively these contributed DLR’s early territory was broadly bounded Railways were present, but passenger to London having the world’s busiest port up in the north by the former Great Eastern services had largely gone or declined to to the late 1930s. These districts were also mainline to Liverpool Street terminus. low service levels, leaving lines primarily for home to manufacturing and utilities. Crossing on a more southerly path was docks traffic or to support manufacturing Although eastern London in particular the London, Tilbury and Southend (LTS) or power generation. Road connections suffered heavy bombing during the Second line to Fenchurch Street, a small but busy were generally little better than in the World War, facilities and trade were restored, terminus, like Liverpool Street situated early days of motor transport. Dock and yet a rapid fall in demand led to total closure on the eastern edge of the historic City of other closures had brought job losses, for of the docks by around 1980. London financial district. example 12 000 between 1978 and 1983. The trend was for trade to shift from the Within Docklands – a term not in There were also the knock-on changes to established ports towards down-river sites widespread use until redevelopment an established social order where workers like Felixstowe, Avonmouth and, nearest to – to the west were the interconnected tended to live locally in predominantly London, the port of Tilbury. These offered Millwall and West India Docks on the Isle public sector housing. Something else that more space, efficient handling, deep of Dogs peninsular. In the east were the would attract the attention of politicians water access and better connections with Royal Victoria, Royal Albert and, the final were rapidly deteriorating tracts of land the rail network and motorway system. development during 1921, King George V with a highly specialised and effectively Against a backdrop of decline in British docks. The outer margin was about eight immovable industrial infrastructure, yet manufacturing, many businesses opted miles (12.8km) east of Tower Bridge at with little apparent alternative use.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 5 R ECLAIming A ‘FORGOTTEN WASTELAND’

The DLR of 2012 ranges across a much leaving the as-yet undefined light rail system around the artificial waterways rather bigger and more diverse area than the once being an acceptably cheap fix. The project than to fill them – something that would seemingly doomed docks districts. It was, gained momentum and urgency from the prove to be a legacy for creating appealing however, the challenges here that led to both new body created specifically to regenerate properties and introducing leisure activities, the technical features and the location of the Docklands by whatever means it felt viable eventually including tourism. With the LDDC Docklands Light Railway’s original lines. and appropriate. co-ordinating and able to ignore some The DLR format was not derived from The London Docklands Development implications of borough boundaries, new London’s established rail operations, the Corporation (LDDC) was active from 1981 developments and services were created in national network British Rail or London until successfully rendering itself obsolete relatively short periods. Much was achieved Transport’s Underground, although it when wound up by 1998. The LDDC was by gaining private sector contributions became managed as a wholly-owned dealing with somewhere summarised by where redevelopment relied upon new or subsidiary of London Regional Transport UK Secretary of State Michael Heseltine in improved core services like local transport. until 1992. 1981: “The place was a tip: 6000 acres of Commissioned by the LDDC (which Studies in the early 1970s suggested that forgotten wasteland.” would take over direct responsibility for new heavy rail lines would be excessive The LDDC’s power lay in control of land the railway in April 1992) to advance the for local needs: such views were easier to – including railway alignments with some project, London Transport decided the new support in financial hard times. Something re-usable infrastructure – and planning service could not realistically be integrated like a people carrier system had the appeal powers within designated areas totalling 8.5 with existing rail operations. Going ‘non- of lower installation and operating costs. square miles (2200 hectares), the majority standard’ might have proved a pragmatic A combination of expense and perceived north of the Thames. Importantly the LDDC short-term fix later to be regretted, yet by capacity overkill also led to a proposed could sell or zone land, even if initial funds becoming freed from compatibility, the tube line extension being shelved in 1976, were limited. Early on it decided to work new mode could be more closely tailored to

Above: Much changed from its early years and part of a growing transport interchange, Canary Wharf station is now at the heart of the Docklands financial district and is key to the network, moving thousands of commuters each day.

6 25 YEARS OF DLR special Top: The high-rise Docklands core under development in this 1989 view: looking north along straight track from Heron Quays towards West India Quay.

Above: The Royal opening of the Docklands Light Railway on 30 July 1987 saw Queen Elizabeth II onboard the driverless system. Courtesy of TfL

Left: Now an ornamental feature, cranes near West India Quay DLR station recall the original role of London’s Docklands.

basis. A consortium of the engineering company GEC and Mowlem Construction was awarded the contract in April 1984. The service expectation was eight single-unit trains per hour each way on each of the two lines, these frequencies combining through the Isle of Dogs, the first of the two main dock groups due for redevelopment. The scheme seemed to have the enviable situation of being installed before the buildings grew around it. On those sections not determined by extant railways, there was abnormal freedom for where the lines and its Millwall extension. Access from would go, as with the Millwall docks. Already the old viaducts was continued on new with modifications of earlier plans, the initial needs such as close station spacing, steep elevated sections. route as opened in August 1987 totalled 7.5 gradients and short radius curves to make As a result, and unusually for a miles (12km) with 15 stations, around two- much more effective use of confined space, new urban railway, minimal removals, thirds over redeployed railway alignments. plus the benefit of rapid construction. Roads demolition or compensation have been However, before the opening, the scale authorities ruled out any street-running, required to create the DLR. For providing of pending development meant that the another negative that proved to be a long- interchange with the main line and the planned service would be inadequate. term blessing as the DLR would run entirely Underground’s Central Line at Stratford, Transformation into a bigger railway with within dedicated space. a freight route once including British longer, more frequent trains serving more Railways’ first diesel depot at Devons Road spacious stations was soon underway. PLANS FOR INITIAL OPENING was allocated to the project. This created Nowhere was this as marked as at Canary A June 1982 report recommended two three arms from the North Quay junctions Wharf. Here the original station which would initial light rail lines, mainly of double track near the present Poplar and West India have followed the standard pattern then alignment. To connect the southern end of Quay DLR stations. used for elevated track never opened to the Isle of Dogs, where the original Island Funding was approved by the UK passengers as the site had to be cleared Gardens station would be the terminus, to Government by early autumn 1982. Rather for the office blocks. Integrated with its Tower Gateway, a site close to Fenchurch than contract for separate aspects of the towering neighbours, the new station – now Street, the line drew heavily upon routes of new railway, tenders were invited from the DLR’s biggest and second busiest – the former London and Blackwall Railway single entities on a design-and-build opened in November 1991.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 7 www.cleshar.com www.cleshar.com

Cleshar is pleased to have Our strengths lie in the quality of In over 20 years since Cleshar Congratulations been entrusted with projects our people, both technically and commenced trading it has which reflect part of this major practically who bring many years undertaken in excess of £600 Docklands Light Railway on commitment to the Railway of experience and professionalism million of work on the UK rail th network. to the table. Their entrepreneurial infrastructure network with the your skills constantly drive innovation. largest single capital works contract Anniversary Cleshar is a leading infrastructure at £36,000,000. 25 services company in its operational Career development opportunities market sectors in the and inward investment in our Cleshar’s progress was rewarded in United Kingdom. people ranges from running 2011 with the award of “Medium apprenticeship schemes to IOSH Contractor of the Year” by the New Core values underpinning courses and providing support not Civil Engineer. our organisation include: only in their career development • Our unremitting but also in technical and IT support Cleshar continues to grow, in commitment to HSQE; to enable them to undertake these challenging times and • Our promotion of our their duties more efficiently and looks forward to being around people; professionally. to celebrate Docklands Light • Our governance of Railway’s 50th DLR Re-Railing relationships and our All training is delivered through Anniversary. articulation of who we our in-house training company Over many years, Cleshar Contract Services has delivered a variety of projects on behalf of are and what we stand for; Infrastructure Training Service Docklands Light Railway to enable the maintenance and expansion of the DLR infrastructure • Our interaction with those Limited (I.T.S). network. The nature of these projects range from depot facilities, control centres, track we deal with every day, be they replacement and station enhancements. More recently DLR pledged to invest in a better www.cleshar.co.uk Clients or members of the railway in the run up to the London 2012 Olympic/ Paralympic Games and beyond and Cleshar public. Tel: 0208733 8888 has delivered a number of the projects required to fulfil this commitment.

Poplar - Model for 3 Car Project Royal Victoria Docks Barnet - Train Crew Accommodation Earls Court - Upgrade

Beckton Control Facility Shadwell Station Mottingham Re-Railing Welding & Grinding

25th Anniversary landscape.indd 1 21/11/2012 12:31

8 25 YEARS OF DLR special www.cleshar.com www.cleshar.com

Poplar - Model for 3 Car Project Royal Victoria Docks Barnet - Train Crew Accommodation Earls Court - Upgrade

Beckton Control Facility Shadwell Station Mottingham Re-Railing Welding & Grinding

25th Anniversary landscape.indd 1 21/11/2012 12:31

25 YEARS OF DLR special 9 “Congratulations on a remarkable performance over 25 years”

from friends and colleagues at CGL Rail on the Lewisham Extension

Mott MacDonald Supporting DLR throughout 25 years of success

We’ve continuously supported DLR since its launch in 1987 to meet the needs of an ever expanding system.

Capacity expansion: City Airport, Lewisham and Bank extensions and double tracking between Bow Church and Stratford

Rolling stock: Development of asset management systems, maintenance optimisation and asset condition audits

Signalling: Review of automatic train control system alarms, resignalling audit, manual operations review and signalling safety audit

Track: Optimising maintenance, rail wear studies and resilient trackform studies www.mottmac.com Power: Assessment of traction power supply and design of power supply improvements

[email protected]

10 25 YEARS OF DLR special BREAKING OUT AND GOING UNDERGROUND

A month before the system opened, two contracts were placed to provide the DLR with a closer and higher capacity connection with the Underground than Tower Gateway. An approximate one-mile (1.6km) extension to Bank brought tunnel operation into the system. The twin bores and a return track serve separate arrival and departure platforms that are 42 metres below the surface, the lowest level of Bank station with its concentration of Underground lines. Opened in July 1991, Bank became the busiest DLR station. With two lengthened platform faces on a single track replacing the original layout from March 2009, Tower Gateway remains as the terminus for the Beckton line. Shadwell provides cross-platform changes between services for the two ‘City’ termini. By 1984 the Greater London Council was holding meetings to gather public opinion on a Beckton extension. This project was enacted as redevelopment extended east to the Royal Docks, with a new and much larger he says “then we connected holes in depot and maintenance facility built on part the ground – now we connect the gaps of the Beckton gasworks site. between the buildings.” Above: Bank DLR station, opened in 1991, Glittering towers of the finance sector is now the busiest station and provides a The view from the top dominate the immediate area, but such an crucial link to the London Underground Jonathan Fox has been the DLR’s Director outcome was not specifically sought by the into central London, as this image from since December 2004. His office is in a part railway’s original promoters. “It was jobs rush hour in August 2011 shows. of the building in the depot compound that and houses that they wanted to create,” once housed the early network’s control Fox says, something that has visibly taken Below left: Canning Town has become one room, and overlooks the near-ceaseless place all around today’s DLR, well away of London’s main transport interchanges, train movements around Poplar station from the long shadows of Canary Wharf. with two DLR levels, the Underground’s and beyond to Canary Wharf’s Crossrail He feels that some aims and features Jubilee Line and a large bus station. workings. Summarising the way that the of the DLR’s very early days have been railway’s surroundings have developed, sustained, as with infrastructure being

substantially assembled from assets like established rights of way. “It mainly used what already existed – it set the tone as to how the railway has developed ever since. The DLR works best when it is simple.” Fox clearly (and rightly) views the DLR in a Transport for London network context rather than in isolation, although he feels that the DLR alone represents the best way to travel between the City at Bank and Canary Wharf, one of the railway’s busiest connections. In his view the railway was and remains “the glue between the main planks of the East End’s transport system; a distributor rather than a trunk means of travel.” Given the way in which the two routes south of the Thames have transformed travel patterns, and in contrast with road- based alternatives, this is perhaps an unduly modest assessment of the DLR’s suitability for longer journeys.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 11 To Stansted Upper Holloway Crouch Hill Harrringay Green Lanes Airport National Rail Connections other National Braintree Gospel First Capital Connect Tottenham Hale Express services Please note that only regular services are shown. Oak Kentish Town Camden Caledonian Road Highbury & South Tottenham Certain limited services have been omitted for the sake of clarity. West Road & Barnsbury Canonbury Braintree Freeport Sudbury Islington Blackhorse Road Produced by 21.7.2011 www.fwt.co.uk Dalston Kingsland Hackney Central Walthamstow Queens Road Cressing Bures To West Hampstead, Stratford Willesden Junction Dalston Junction Homerton International Leyton Midland Road and Richmond ST. PANCRAS White Notley Chappel & INTERNATIONAL Haggerston Leytonstone High Road Wakes Colne Hackney Forest Harold Wanstead Park Hoxton Wick Gate Ilford Goodmayes Romford Wood Shenfield Chelmsford Witham LIVERPOOL STREET Stratford Stansted Express and Maryland Manor Park Seven Kings Chadwell Gidea Brentwood Ingatestone Hatfield Kelvedon Marks Colchester Peverel Tey other National Express Shoreditch Pudding Heath Park To Harwich, Ipswich services Stratford High Street Mill Lane High Street Woodgrange Park Walton-on-the-Naze Billericay and Clacton-on-Sea Bow Abbey Road Road Bow Church Barking Whitechapel North Burnham- Devons Road West Ham Battlesbridge Fambridge on-Crouch Wickford Langdon Park Star Lane South Althorne Southminster FENCHURCH All Saints Custom House Royal Rayleigh Woodham STREET Canning Ferrers Westferry Poplar Town for ExCeL Albert Cyprus Beckton Bank Hockley Tower Shadwell Limehouse Upminster Hill Blackwall East Royal Prince Beckton Gallions India Victoria Regent Rochford West India Quay Park Reach Tower Gateway Wapping Dagenham Dock Canary Wharf West Silvertown West Horndon Southend Airport (under construction) VICTORIA CHARING CANNON Heron Quays Rainham CROSS STREET Rotherhithe Pontoon Dock Prittlewell South Quay Laindon Purfleet Ockendon River Thames London City Airport Canada Water Crossharbour Southend Chafford Basildon Victoria First Capital Connect and Southern services Mudchute King George V Hundred h a m e s Southend Thorpe T Benfleet Chalkwell Central Bay LONDON BRIDGE Island Gardens R iver Surrey Quays Grays Tilbury East Stanford- Pitsea Leigh- Westcliff Southend Shoeburyness WATERLOO EAST Cutty Sark for Westcombe Woolwich Abbey Town Tilbury le-Hope on-Sea East Maritime Greenwich Park Charlton Dockyard Plumstead Wood Belvedere Denmark Hill New Cross Gate Erith Southern services Deptford Greenwich Maze Hill Woolwich To West Croydon New Cross St. John’s Deptford Bridge Slade and Crystal Palace Arsenal Green Peckham Rye Elverson Road Blackheath Kidbrooke Falconwood Bexleyheath Nunhead Lewisham

Docklands Light Railway Ladywell Eltham Welling Barnehurst Connections to Hither Green the Kent coast Southeastern (serving Greenwich) Greenhithe Southeastern (serving Lewisham) Catford Bridge Dartford for Bluewater Higham Rochester Gillingham Lee New Eltham Albany Park Crayford Southeastern High Speed Services Lower Sydenham (serving Stratford International) Grove Stone Swanscombe Northfleet Strood Chatham London Trams New Beckenham Park Mottingham Sidcup Bexley To Faversham Crossing Gravesend National Express East Anglia Clock House Sundridge Elmstead Woods Connections to Tunbridge Wells, Ebbsfleet c2c Park Hastings, Ashford International and the Kent coast International London Overground Elmers End Chislehurst To Croydon Bromley North Orpington Knockholt Sevenoaks Interchange stations Eden Park To Ashford International, Dover Priory, Margate Interchange with Underground West Wickham Hayes Petts Wood Chelsfield Dunton Green and Channel Tunnel

Courtesy of TfL

12 25 YEARS OF DLR special Developed as a standalone system, expansion of DLR and becoming part of TfL has made it an integral part of London’s public transport network.

To Stansted Upper Holloway Crouch Hill Harrringay Green Lanes Airport National Rail Connections other National Braintree Gospel First Capital Connect Tottenham Hale Express services Please note that only regular services are shown. Oak Kentish Town Camden Caledonian Road Highbury & South Tottenham Certain limited services have been omitted for the sake of clarity. West Road & Barnsbury Canonbury Braintree Freeport Sudbury Islington Blackhorse Road Produced by 21.7.2011 www.fwt.co.uk Dalston Kingsland Hackney Central Walthamstow Queens Road Cressing Bures To West Hampstead, Stratford Willesden Junction Dalston Junction Homerton International Leyton Midland Road and Richmond ST. PANCRAS White Notley Chappel & INTERNATIONAL Haggerston Leytonstone High Road Wakes Colne Hackney Forest Harold Wanstead Park Hoxton Wick Gate Ilford Goodmayes Romford Wood Shenfield Chelmsford Witham LIVERPOOL STREET Stratford Stansted Express and Maryland Manor Park Seven Kings Chadwell Gidea Brentwood Ingatestone Hatfield Kelvedon Marks Colchester Peverel Tey other National Express Shoreditch Pudding Heath Park To Harwich, Ipswich services Stratford High Street Mill Lane High Street Woodgrange Park Walton-on-the-Naze Billericay and Clacton-on-Sea Bow Abbey Road Road Bow Church Barking Whitechapel North Burnham- Devons Road West Ham Battlesbridge Fambridge on-Crouch Wickford Langdon Park Star Lane South Althorne Southminster FENCHURCH All Saints Custom House Royal Rayleigh Woodham STREET Canning Ferrers Westferry Poplar Town for ExCeL Albert Cyprus Beckton Bank Hockley Tower Shadwell Limehouse Upminster Hill Blackwall East Royal Prince Beckton Gallions India Victoria Regent Rochford West India Quay Park Reach Tower Gateway Wapping Dagenham Dock Canary Wharf West Silvertown West Horndon Southend Airport (under construction) VICTORIA CHARING CANNON Heron Quays Rainham CROSS STREET Rotherhithe Pontoon Dock Prittlewell South Quay Laindon Purfleet Ockendon River Thames London City Airport Canada Water Crossharbour Southend Chafford Basildon Victoria First Capital Connect and Southern services Mudchute King George V Hundred h a m e s Southend Thorpe T Benfleet Chalkwell Central Bay LONDON BRIDGE Island Gardens R iver Surrey Quays Grays Tilbury East Stanford- Pitsea Leigh- Westcliff Southend Shoeburyness WATERLOO EAST Cutty Sark for Westcombe Woolwich Abbey Town Tilbury le-Hope on-Sea East Maritime Greenwich Park Charlton Dockyard Plumstead Wood Belvedere Denmark Hill New Cross Gate Erith Southern services Deptford Greenwich Maze Hill Woolwich To West Croydon New Cross St. John’s Deptford Bridge Slade and Crystal Palace Arsenal Green Peckham Rye Elverson Road Blackheath Kidbrooke Falconwood Bexleyheath Nunhead Lewisham

25 YEARS OF DLR special 13 Browse Bion are proud to have grown with the Docklands Light Railway over the last 25 years. We were only 5 years old when we provided the signs and poster frames for the original 12 stations.

Just as the DLR has grown and adapted to meet the needs of the passengers in the East of London, we have grown to meet the needs of our customers along with the DLR, our products can now be seen on all 45 DLR stations.

Throughout its history the DLR has strived to offer its customers the highest level of service by providing not only frequent and reliable trains, but a safe and user friendly environment. We have shared in that aspiration as the network has expanded to its current capacity.

Consulting – Browse Bion were commissioned to develop a signage and information strategy for the DLR that formed the basis for the all signage required for the development and enhancement from 2007 to 2012. This involved analysing how the stations are built and used, together with applying TfL standards and other guidelines. Similar consulting commissions have included the redevelopment of Kings Cross and Reading Stations.

Product development –Browse Bion has used the opportunities provided by each of the DLR contracts it has been involved in, to evolve and refine the engineering of the signs and poster frames. The result is a suite of products that are aesthetically pleasing, robust, flexible and above all cost efficient.

Implementation – Over the last quarter of a century the DLR has gone through many changes, including 3 complete re-branding exercises and 5 major extensions, each requiring sign updating over the complete network. Browse Bion has been involved throughout. The last 5 years have seen not only existing stations being enlarged by a third and 7 new stations opening, but also older signs and poster frames being replaced across the network in preparation for the London Olympic Games 2012.

Browse Bion can be contacted on +44 (0)1634 710063 or [email protected]

Help Point is a sister company to Browse Bion, using the engineering design know-how gained in the transport sector to improve the way passenger assistance and emergency equipment is presented in the station environment.

Help Point was asked to look at the passenger alarms on the Docklands Light Railway in 2005. The brief was to combine the passenger and staff emergency and communication equipment into a single enclosure, that was functional, met with the approval of the safety bodies, complied with the Disabled Discrimination Act and above all was aesthetically pleasing.

Gathering all this equipment into a single enclosure reduces the clutter on the platforms, reduces installation costs and simplifies maintenance, but most importantly it gives a single focus for passengers in the event of an emergency.

The DLR now has more than 80 of these PEP’s in service across its network.

Help Point can be contacted on +44 (0)1634 732174 or [email protected]

14 25 YEARS OF DLR special

FP Advertorial.indd 1 27/11/2012 15:35 adveo rt rial Browse Bion are proud to have grown with the Docklands Light Railway over the last 25 years. We were only 5 years old when we provided the signs and poster frames for the original 12 stations.

Just as the DLR has grown and adapted to meet the needs of the passengers in the East of London, we have grown to meet the needs PROUdLY SERVING THE DLR of our customers along with the DLR, our products can now be seen on all 45 DLR stations. Xanta Limited provides first-class engineering and Throughout its history the DLR has strived to offer its customers the technical consultancy to DLR – and looks forward highest level of service by providing not only frequent and reliable trains, but a safe and user friendly environment. We have shared in to doing so for the next 25 years! that aspiration as the network has expanded to its current capacity.

Consulting – Browse Bion were commissioned to develop a signage and information strategy for the DLR that formed the basis for the all signage required for the development and enhancement from 2007 to 2012. This involved analysing how the stations are built and used, together with applying TfL standards and other guidelines. Similar consulting commissions have The Directors and Staff of Xanta Limited wish to congratulate everyone included the redevelopment of Kings Cross and Reading Stations. involved in Docklands Light Railway on the occasion of its 25th

Product development –Browse Bion has used the opportunities provided anniversary of providing an outstanding commuter service for London. by each of the DLR contracts it has been involved in, to evolve and refine the engineering of the signs and poster frames. The result is a suite of products that are aesthetically pleasing, robust, flexible and above all cost efficient.

Browse Bion can be contacted on +44 (0)1634 710063 or [email protected]

The companies signature product is a Video Assistance System that allows revenue protection to be installed and used without staff in attendance, removing what can be an obstacle to gating, with the full approval of safety bodies. The Video Assistance System is installed at more than 60 stations operated by 7 different TOC’s. Xanta has had the privilege of assisting DLRL in the following ways: Help Point was asked to look at the passenger alarms Reporting on asset health and management on the Docklands Light Railway in 2005. The brief was Clarifying maintenance specifications to resolve possible conflicts and gaps to combine the passenger and staff emergency and Identifying key information sources and their optimal use for essential asset communication equipment into a single enclosure, types, such as signalling that was functional, met with the approval of the safety Review of management processes for assessing optimal asset condition and bodies, complied with the Disabled Discrimination Act residual life and above all was aesthetically pleasing. Root-cause investigations into service disruptions from power supply and communications assets Gathering all this equipment into a single enclosure reduces the clutter on the A review of single-point failures platforms, reduces installation costs and simplifies maintenance, but most Strategic management support, including safety assurance for the Emirates Xanta Limited importantly it gives a single focus for passengers in the event of an emergency. Air Line cable car 130 Fleet Street, London EC4A 2BH The supply of senior signalling management staff Tel: +44 (0)207 583 4500 The DLR now has more than 80 of these PEP’s in service across its network. The supply of asset specialists for the refranchising project www.xantarail.com

Help Point can be contacted on +44 (0)1634 732174 or [email protected]

25 YEARS OF DLR special 15

FP Advertorial.indd 1 27/11/2012 15:35 BREACHING A THAMES BARRIER

With few river crossings east of Tower between Kent commuter lines and the Bridge, the River Thames shaped the DLR at Lewisham. The four other DLR layout of roads and railways. It has stations south of the Thames also brought historically represented a divide of identity the employment opportunities by then and, largely due to the resulting transport flourishing on the north bank within easy framework, has affected employment and affordable reach. patterns. Two DLR extensions have Conversely, Greenwich’s own considerable substantially helped erode some negative attractions became more accessible from aspects of that inheritance. a new direction. To deliver this extra DLR The 2.6-mile (4.2km) Lewisham extension, coverage in a short period, Mudchute to with over a third of its route underground, Lewisham was the first of the extensions that opened in November 1999 created delivered by a private finance initiative (PFI). a cut-off for rail passengers who could City Greenwich Lewisham (CGL) Rail’s avoid central London termini by changing concession is for 24.5 years. It was also

Right: The Lewisham extension and abandoning the elevated Island Gardens section required rebuilding Mudchute station and realigning track for the tunnel ramp.

Left: DLR trains arrive at Lewisham at platforms built below the main line station which is situated on a junction of the busy south-eastern commuter lines.

the first extension opened under current operations concessionaire Serco Docklands. The Woolwich Arsenal extension was an addition to a line from Canning Town that had reached the Thames’ north bank at King George V station in December 2005. The principal stop – with a much larger than normal station – was London City Airport, originally another LDDC supported venture. With a series of setbacks following its opening in 1987, a growing range of larger aircraft with the requisite take-off and landing capabilities has helped turned the airport into the UK’s fifteenth busiest, with a growing leisure demand added to its core business market.

16 25 YEARS OF DLR special Left: Two months before the opening of the Woolwich extension in January 2009, the southern approaches to the line’s twin tunnels.

Right: Tunnel sections have walkways and intermediate access points for emergency access and evacuations; the north-bound bore under the Thames on the Woolwich extension.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 17 The mainly in-tunnel 1.6-mile (2.5km) extension to Woolwich Arsenal opened on 12 January 2009, which as at Lewisham served a south London district centre and featured a mainline station on the same site. The Airport and Woolwich additions were created and managed as concessions due to end in 2033, respectively City Airport Rail Enterprises (CARE) and Woolwich Arsenal Rail Enterprises (WARE). By November 2011 TfL completed acquisition of CARE and WARE. Jonathan Fox says that the move with overall savings were estimated at GBP250m was “An opportunity that was a question of cost, a pragmatic approach that benefited TfL. It also removed some operator interfaces.”

Above: The Canning More new rails for old DLR NETWORK FACTS Town to Stratford The latest DLR extension returned to a International founding principle of making better use of Owner: Docklands Light Approximate route extension became former railway installations. With the DLR Railway Ltd / Transport for length: 40km (24.9 miles) a vital connection having partly supplanted the role of the London (Greater London Depots: 2 Authority) between London former North London Line with the Airport/ Frequency: 3.5 minutes 2012 venues: Woolwich extensions, the old heavy rail Franchised operator: peak; 7 minutes off-peak Stratford low- route had been cut back to Stratford. Serco Docklands Rolling stock: 23 BN/ level DLR station The Canning Town – Stratford alignment Gauge: 1435mm Bombardier B90; 47 B92; in development was part-taken by the Jubilee Line extension Power: 750v dc, 24 B2K. 55 Bombardier B07 during May 2010. and later joined by the DLR. Opened bottom-contact third-rail through 1999, the project also brought the Max speed: 50mph Below: East End Underground to Canary Wharf. Unusual Stations: 45 (80km/h) contrasts near amongst DLR extensions in opening Pontoon Dock later than scheduled, the 3.7-mile (6km) DLR: the derelict Canning Town to Stratford International Millennium flour line with four new stations and three mills, with Thames needing conversion joined the system Barrier Park in the in August 2011. The connection ‘cut the foreground. corner’ for many DLR users who might >> continued on page 20 adveo rt rial A KEY PARTNER IN DLR DEVELOPMENT

Halcrow, a CH2M HILL company, is proud to have been associated with the design and development of the DLR and the lasting legacy it brings.

Pr oject: DLR extension to Woolwich Arsenal The award-winning DLR Woolwich Arsenal Station and 1.55 miles (2.5km) of route which crosses underneath the River Thames, provides the historically transport-deprived area of Woolwich with excellent links into London. It kick-started regeneration by connecting its people to jobs in Canary Wharf, London Docklands and the City and created a vital transport link for the London 2012 Olympic Games. This was a project with community at its core and owed much of its success to excellent relationships with local stakeholders. The project was completed well below budget and seven weeks ahead of schedule to open in January 2009. It includes a new Thames crossing 40m below ground, having successfully tunnelled through challenging ground conditions. Integration of upgrade with existing Above: The approach to DLR’s elevated Innovative solutions were employed to heavy rail station London City Airport station; Halcrow reduce ground-borne vibration which could Awarded the British construction Group designed this important extension disturb surrounding areas and, impressively, industry’s Best Practice Award 2009 to the system. Pic courtesy of Neil Pulling all rail services were maintained. Halcrow’s role: Halcrow’s role: Project: DLR London City Halcrow Group Limited was designer for Halcrow was the lead designer on the A irport Extension the project, responsible for undertaking the extension. The project includes the design The London City Airport extension engineering design of the civil engineering, of a new underground station, Woolwich extends the existing LRT network east of permanent way, power supplies and Arsenal DLR, located centrally in Woolwich Canning Town, along the southern edge communications systems. It also undertook Town Centre, and the interchange and of the Royal Docks to the London City the design of the stations, supported by upgrade of the existing Network Rail station. Airport and North Woolwich. It provides Weston Williamson Architects. Halcrow was responsible for the design, an essential connection between the materials and workmanship specification airport and London Underground’s rail Objectives Achieved for all aspects of the extension, including the network and – by introducing reliable and Designs completed in accordance with underground station. This encompassed: accessible public transport – supports the challenging design programmes, allowing All civil, and architectural aspects of the regeneration of this area of East London. early start dates on site underground station, tunnels, portals, The London City Airport extension DLR City Airport Extension completed two and open cut structures opened for revenue service on 9 December weeks ahead of schedule All permanent way aspects for the route 2005, two weeks ahead of the contract Shortlisted for BCIA Major Project Award from north Woolwich, north of the programme. This was achieved through 2006, and other industry awards Thames through to Woolwich Arsenal a combination of innovative design Winning the Best Built Project Five Years station on the south side and construction methods and good On category at the London Planning All surface works including drainage, collaboration between the design and Awards in January 2011. highways and transport engineering construction teams, supported by the Performance specification for escalators, client and approving authorities. lifts, M&E, rail and fire safety systems This collaborative team ethos was The general standard and particular critical to the project’s success, and has specifications for all materials and acted as a yardstick for numerous multi- workmanship for each work package. disciplinary projects that have followed. For further information about POSS® The DLR City Airport extension project visit www.possinfo.com or contact Objectives achieved: was commissioned by Docklands Light Rob Redeker: Successfully delivered design to schedule Railway Ltd as a 30-year Design-Build e-mail: [email protected] www.ch2m.com Integration of extension with existing DLR Finance-Maintain project. telephone: +31 (0)6 53 17 80 47

25 YEARS OF DLR special 19 previously have travelled via Poplar, but more pressingly it would become a main artery for the Olympics and Paralympics the following year. More than any other single mode, this DLR line was the fixed connection between several London 2012 sites. It linked Stratford’s Olympic Park, the ExCel and Woolwich, also an interchange for the new Emirates Air Line cable car from Royal Victoria to the North Greenwich O2 venue. The original Stratford DLR presence at the main station level had been extended during the rebuild completed in June 2007. From the rebuilt low-level platforms a new northern alignment took the DLR to Stratford International, the terminus next to the station of the same name on the high-speed link to the Channel Tunnel served by Javelin trains between St Pancras Above: On the International and the Kent coast. Like the second extension DLR operations other Stratford stations, it also was within south of the Normal hours: a very short walk from the Olympic Park Thames, Woolwich Monday-Saturday 05.30 - 00.30 and the very large Westfield Stratford City Arsenal DLR station Sunday 07.00 - 23.30 retail development. is beneath the Due to its key role in the London 2012 mainline station of Sample journey times: transport provision, the GBP211m Stratford the same name. Bank – Canary Wharf: 12 minutes International extension was part-funded Bank – Lewisham: 30 minutes by the Olympic Delivery Authority. Since Below: London City Bank – London City Airport: 24 minutes the Games this line has yet to build up high Airport has become loadings and does not see regular use of a successful Stratford – Lewisham: 35 minutes three-car trains. Already maintaining the venture with core Stratford International – Woolwich Arsenal: 23 minutes section from Woolwich Arsenal to Canning business trade Tower Gateway – Custom House: 13 minutes Town, Colas Rail now also has the contract and rising leisure northwards to Stratford International. demand; the DLR station opened in December 2005.

20 25 YEARS OF DLR special six generations of driverless operations

No original passenger stock survives in today’s DLR operations, but key features of today’s rolling stock were established during the railway’s development, notably driverless operation. The London Underground Victoria Line was a pioneer of automatic train operation in 1968, albeit reassuringly with a human being in the driver position. The fully-automatic VAL system developed for Lille’s metro opened in 1983, but such levels of automation were far from commonplace when the Docklands service began four years later. The GEC-Mowlem partnership worked with German LRT specialists, Linke-Hofmann- Busch (LHB, now part of Alstom), to devise and build the first DLR trains. Although the combination of technologies was new, there was an obligation for components Above: Single vehicle operation in 1989: P86 02 of the original fleet leaving the now and systems to have been proven in railway abandoned Island Gardens elevated station. service. The basic configuration of stock remains as it was in 1987, that of two-section Below: Peak demand at Canary Wharf’s central platform where the newly-loaded B92 six-axle articulated high-floor units with train will turn back for the Stratford line.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 21 outer bogies powered. Bi-directional with doors – initially folding, later sliding – on both sides, they are 28m long by 2.65m wide. Without a driver cab area, the vehicle Above: New extensions led to a series of ends provide minimal restrictions to view, a increases to the fleet size. Pairs of MODERNISING THE B92s feature that evidently appeals to the many double-unit trains cross between Canning IN JUST THREE DAYS tourists now using the DLR. Town and East India in summer 2007. To control movements GEC provided Working closely with Serco Docklands, a fixed-block automatic train control SCC completed various trials to Below: Former DLR P86 09 as EVAG 5237 system that was modified to handle higher reach a scope of works that met all at Essen Hauptbahnhof on 10 April 2010. frequencies until it was decommissioned the requirements of the extensive in 1996. The replacement was an Alcatel refurbishment programme for the (later Thales) moving block SelTrac system B92 fleet. Four two-car units were covering the whole network. completed per week, with two units undergoing simultaneous works on both interior fittings and exteriors Initial orders and the move to Essen including ‘smart’ repairs to the exterior The first 11 vehicles were the P86 cars surfaces removing all traces of surface delivered from Germany in August 1986. corrosion and vehicle decals. Also sharing the P prefix to denote what Two colours were applied to the was then the only maintenance centre interior panels and two to the exterior. and depot at Poplar; ten P89 assembled The exterior was then polished to an by BREL at York followed from December ‘as new’ condition before the 1989 to May 1990. Although similar to the application of SCC’s anti-graffiti P86, the most essential difference of the capacity decreased in favour of a bigger surface coating ChelaGuard. The use later P89 cars is their acceptability for use standing area. Refurbishment has helped to of ChelaGuard was chosen as a cost- in the Bank tunnels. keep the earlier types comparable in quality effective option to a full repaint, saving Growing demand and extensions with the next generation of rolling stock. Serco Docklands approximately necessitated fleet expansion and once Deliveries of early B-series stock spanned two-thirds of a normal repaint, whilst station platforms were lengthened, the migration from the original GEC system at the same time protecting the asset trains of two units became the standard control to SelTrac, which combined with with a six-year warranty. formation. It would be the next order, the the tunnel prohibition of the P86 led Following refit and reassembly, the B90 (B for the new Beckton facility) that to the disposal of both of the P classes vehicles were signed off and returned set the standard to be followed by ensuing between 1991 and 1997. The buyer was to traffic – the entire process took just batches. Although with minor differences, Essener Verkehrs AG which made the stock three days per unit. some of which were removed by later compatible with its Stadtbahn lines in the Specially mixed shades of red and modifications, the B90 (22-44), B92 Ruhr Valley, the most visible changes blue were provided to the customer (45-91) and B2K (92-99; 01-16) totalling 94 being the creation of driver compartments to get the exact match, while special vehicles are regarded as a common fleet and a pantograph for current collection. extraction and local isolation and work in multiple. They were supplied Save those lost to accident damage, all techniques were used to meet relevant by BN/Bombardier of Brugge, Belgium. modifiedP86 and P89 remain in regular Health and Safety standards. To further increase capacity, the seating EVAG service.

22 25 YEARS OF DLR special adveo rt rial Re freshing the DLR fleet Refurbishing four vehicles per week, Specialist Compliant Coatings Ltd (SCC) had tight timescales to achieve first-class refurbishments on DLR’s B92 fleet.

SCC was formed in 2001 and has fully trained personnel to carry out any refresh project, with the directors alone having over 60 years’ experience in the rail industry. We work to the highest standards and in accordance with the OEM and paint manufacturer’s recommendations, under strict quality control specifications that comply with all on-site and factory requirements. Each highly-skilled team work under the direction of a site manager who ensures that client requirements are met in an orderly and timely manner. All SCC team members are trained to understand and carry out work in compliance with the relevant Railway Group Standards. We have considerable experience from involvement on a large number of projects which demonstrates our capability to successfully meet our client’s requirements. We are ISO 9001:2008 registered and Link-up approved. THE THREE-DAY DLR Refresh Process

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Seats, draught screen glass and grab poles The exterior receives a heavy polish using a A joint inspection with Serco Docklands are removed. With the Serco Docklands suitable cleaning compound; this process is projects team staff and sign-off is carried team, a thorough inspection of the interior carried out to blend the old and new paint. out with minor snagging rectified during and exterior of the vehicle takes place, It also removes all ingrained dirt before the this process. with specific areas of corrosion and smart ChelaGuard coating is applied. All interior seats, poles and glass are repairs highlighted on a vehicle schematic. After polishing, a complete exterior refitted and an interior clean takes place. All interior areas, except the ceiling, are degrease takes place before ChelaGuard, the Finally, Serco Docklands projects team prepped and by the end of day one everything ultimate vehicle protection coating, is applied. staff hand over to the rolling stock team for except the trim around the advertisement During this time the interiors are prepared; final sign-off and fitness to run certification. panels are ready for paint. Specially two spray technicians work from either end formulated paint reduces drying times. of the vehicle and meet in the middle.

ADDITIONAL SERVICES Office Tel/Fax: Paint consultancy Supply and application of ChelaGuard 01908 305062 Turnkey solutions for renovation ‘The Ultimate Vehicle Coating’ Email: projects Supply and application of vinyl [email protected] Component overhaul at our facility in film vehicle wraps 70 Burners Lane Milton Keynes On-site work saves time and money Kiln Farm Mobile spraybooth that can be for the client, instead of moving Milton Keynes installed onsite vehicles to major works MK11 3HD

25 YEARS OF DLR special 23 part in one of the world’s largest and most prestigious prestigious most and largest world’s the of one in part akey played Railway, which Light Docklands the on also but London, on settle only not did spotlight world’s the Games Paralympic and Olympic 2012 London the During International. Stratford and Arsenal Woolwich Airport, City London Lewisham, Beckton, to Bank, extended been has network The by 2015. million 100 above to rise forecast are numbers Passenger satisfaction. passenger and reliability of levels high consistently with day week every people amillion of aquarter and ayear people million 80 than more carrying now is DLR the 8%, around of rate growth annual an With Transportation. Bombardier by manufactured and developed vehicles 149 and track of km 40 stations, 45 comprises 1997. system Today DLR the since Transport London of behalf on by Serco operated been has DLR year.The first its in passengers million 6.5 than more carrying track, of km 13 and stations 15 vehicles, 11 with Gardens, to Island Stratford and Gateway Tower from routes, two just operated DLR the began, first story success this When London. of area Docklands redeveloped the to serve 1987 in founded was it systems, rail light UK first the of One 2012. August 23 on versary anni- 25th its celebrated (DLR) Railway Light Docklands ©DLR ©DLR Second line Headline of DockLAnDs Light RAiLw 25 YeARs AY success story. success this of part to be proud is Transportation Bombardier 2002. March and 1991 January between supplied already vehicles guided automatically 94 the to complement DLR vehicles the for rail light automated new 55 for was Olympics 2012 London to the relation in London for by Transport placed order first the system, the ‘for ‘first transport another In drivers. without operates and England in system transport public automated fully first the was DLR the London, of area Docklands eastern the with London of centre the Linking DLR the for Vehicles Rail Light Automated 149 community engagement. and communication customer its of quality the for Awards Rail Light annual the in commended highly twice Year the of and Operator for Awards Rail National the in commended highly been has Railway Light Docklands Woolwich Arsenal. at Barracks Artillery Royal the and Greenwich at Park Greenwich House, Custom at ExCeLCentre the Stratford; at Park Olympic –the venues Olympic main the of four served DLR The Games. Olympic 2012 London the during carried were passengers 7.2 million events. sporting

*Trademark(s) of Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. p reparing the dlr for further expansion

A new style of train for the DLR was announced by Bombardier in spring 2005, with 24 examples in an initial GBP45m contract. TfL enacted the ‘Three-carriage Capacity Enhancement Project’ in 2007 (concluded May 2011), which in addition to platform lengthening would also call for more rolling stock. Unlike previous types, the new B07 in a number series from 101 had AC traction motors and would not be capable of multiple operation with the B90/B92/ B2K build. Built at Bombardier’s facilty at Bautzen in Germany, the more rounded B07 had a media launch in March 2008 and the first public service was in September of that year. Although the fundamentals remained the same for passengers, the new trains had a brighter interior and a wider vestibule between the two sections. The award of the London 2012 Games announced in 2005 led to 31 more being ordered, nine already as options from the original order. The new batch was part- funded by the Olympic Delivery Authority, with all operational by summer 2010. To accommodate the bigger fleet, Beckton depot (also the primary maintenance workshop) had new stabling sidings added on the western side. This is now a much

larger and more comprehensive facility than the still active Poplar site which has no scope for expansion. Beckton can handle overhauls in the covered five-road building which also houses a large stores operation to support the fleet. The main maintenance contract for vehicles and infrastructure is also under the remit of operator Serco Docklands. A single-track loop allows stock to be turned on the site which also has a section for testing SelTrac operation. The system’s control centre at Poplar is now relegated to a standby facility, with the function now handled from a secure area within the Beckton compound. Services are operated by either of the two main types of vehicle on a random basis, with a train launch and reception area at the boundary between automatic and driver- controlled operation.

Above: Extended station, longer trains, modern stock: today’s DLR as represented at West India Quay station in September 2012.

Left: Advertising liveried B92 74 receives a major overhaul at Beckton.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 25 T he DLR’s journey to Olympic success

The DLR is one of the capital’s most loved planning, preparation and the correct appointed telent to implement its new transport systems, and the driverless mindset. A strong team partnership plays a communications network. trains still thrill young and old alike. It’s key part in success and DLR’s partnership The combined knowledge of both rail and hardly surprising that DLR Limited, the with telent, one of the most prominent telecoms networking made telent the ideal railway’s owner, and Serco, the network names in the rail communications and technology partner to design and install operator of this seemingly space-age technology sector, formed in the 1980s, is the ‘next generation’ of IP-based networks method of transport, are very forward a striking example. which provided the DLR with plenty of room thinking when it comes to technology. GEC Telecomms, telent’s predecessor, for service expansion – something that With the eyes of the world on the installed the network’s first fibre would prove invaluable in subsequent years. transport infrastructure during 2012, and infrastructure to support the original At the time of installation, the Cisco IP London’s rail network at the forefront, the GEC signalling system. Since then, telent network was one of the most technically DLR was under pressure to make sure that has continued to work with the DLR, and advanced systems in the UK rail network. it not only provided a perfect service for witnessed its growing passion for new and Expansion quickly followed with telent regular commuters, but that it considered developing technologies– a passion that enabling migration of the rail SCADA system the needs of the millions of extra new was never more prominent than in the onto the IP network to improve flexibility passengers unfamiliar with London travel. period leading up to London 2012. Whilst and resilience. Providing a safe, reliable service many organisations view technology as a Following the initial transition phase to was essential, and DLR Ltd and Serco confusing and avoidable hassle, the DLR IP, everyone’s mind turned to one thing; understood that some modifications embraces the possibilities and is always the Olympics. With the world’s eyes on the would have to be made in order to make keen to explore new ideas to improve capital, the pressure was on the transport sure they were gold medal ready. passenger experience, service or safety on infrastructure to deliver, and the DLR was With upgrades to everything from the network. keen to ensure that the service provided to CCTV, PA systems and even passenger With technology and the UK’s rail passengers was as seamless as possible. information displays, the DLR went the infrastructure expanding at such a pace, The addition of three-car trains as a method extra mile in the lead up to the London establishing the right building blocks to of easing congestion was fully supported Olympics to ensure the technology that gain the potential benefits is a critical by the new IP system, which was designed supported their network operation was as phase which DLR had identified and to accommodate growth, so this transition cutting edge as the trains themselves. decided that the rapidly emerging IP was handled without a hitch. Just like the Olympics, gold medals in technology was the way forward. So With the new-found freedom of extra transport are not won without meticulous in 2008, DLR started the journey and capacity and flexibility, the DLR was keen to ensure that the extra passengers travelling around the capital all enjoyed a great travel experience on the network and journeys were made as simple as possible. As such, plans were made to make some changes that would come into place in time for the Games, and continue to provide Londoners

26 25 YEARS OF DLR special adveo rt rial

with an improved travel experience once the room. Again telent’s expertise offered a to passengers, who now have real-time torch had gone out. solution in the form of its command and information on all of TfL’s rail services. Other parts of telent’s rail business were control system, MICA. Working closely with telent, the DLR also called in to assist. Having a nationwide Developed for London Underground, and ensures the technology in every possible field force maintaining trackside fibre currently in operation in 70 LU and Network area of the network is as well managed optic cable meant it was ideally placed Rail Stations, telent used MICA technology and appropriate as it can be. Many of to enhance and update the existing to improve service and help migrate existing the systems implemented on the DLR fibre network, extending the network DLR systems onto the new extended IP have been adapted and pre-tested in geography and increasing capacity to meet network. This enables operator functions telent’s London testing and integration demands. This allowed the IP network and services to be transferred instantly laboratory facility, with DLR Ltd and Serco to expand and the DLR to migrate more between the two locations in the case of an management involved in the development of its current systems, thus freeing up emergency, with no break in operation. and software testing. This is another capacity on existing networks in order to The MICA open architecture makes a example of the DLR’s open-minded, meet the massive increase in demand. This perfect management tool for technologies partnership approach to new technology, programme for growth has been evident such as CCTV and Help Points, and both and keenness to implement services that throughout the DLR’s history with telent. the DLR and LU use the system for these benefit passengers. With safety in mind, one of the most services. In the lead up to the Olympics, The application of technology isn’t just for important projects in preparing for the telent developed the information display today, but has to work for the future, and Olympics was the creation of a new Control control aspects of MICA to enable staff to the DLR understand this perfectly, building Centre at Beckton and establishing Poplar as have a greater control over status reporting a network that will continue to provide a back-up to ensure full business continuity and the ability to digitally display information, passengers with a service that remains as in all events. Obviously this was a hugely creating web pages from multiple live cutting-edge as ever. important task to get right, and the whole sources and sending to platform displays. operation needed to be a seamless transition Online updates from the Beckton control with no downtime – after all, a control centre centre are sent over the IP network to the can’t afford to be offline for even a minute. displays, with notices that keep customers The flexibility of the IP network was informed of train information, updates from already a major benefit to establishing this. TfL and even flight information for London However all existing technologies, such as City Airport. The ability to use the existing telent, Point 3, Haywood Road, Warwick, CCTV and Help Point systems, had to have displays as the now familiar ‘Rainbow CV34 5AH the same level of flexibility in event of an Boards’, showing the status information 0800 783 7761 emergency, with operators being able to of London Underground service and [email protected] access video screen images and passenger major travel information is also included, www.telent.com contact constantly from either control and has become an invaluable service

25 YEARS OF DLR special 27 advertorial Managing Risk, Improving Performance

What a year 2012 has been for the DLR! day-to-day operational risks, the planning More recently, ARC carried out a review DLR celebrated its 25th birthday, it was a of new extensions and the delivery of major of the maturity of the DLR safety risk key transport provider during the London projects. ARC supported DLRL developing management processes against the Office Olympic and Paralympic Games and it and implementing the ERM framework and of Rail Regulation (ORR) Risk Management opened the Emirates Air Line, the new the underpinning process, procedures and Maturity Model (RM3). The model provides cable car across the Thames. reporting tools to ensure that risks to the the UK rail industry with a consistent Abbott Risk Consulting (ARC) has DLR are captured and actively managed. approach to evaluating their control of risk, been working with Docklands Light The ERM framework is now well embedded as required by the Railways and other Guided Railway Limited (DLRL) over the past four in DLRL and, for example, was used to Transport Systems (Safety) Regulations years and in the build up to the Games, help manage the risks associated with the 2006 (ROGS) and the Management of supporting DLRL on a series of initiatives Games. Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999. for improving its management of safety, ARC also worked closely with DLRL This review provided DLRL with valuable risk and operational performance. to develop a novel Safety Performance feedback as to the effectiveness and ARC has significant experience in all Index (SPI) for assessing and monitoring maturity of its safety and risk management aspects of safety, management, assurance the effectiveness of safety management arrangements. It was also the first RM3 and regulation in rail and other high hazard across the DLR. The SPI gives DLRL a assessment not carried out by the ORR. industries. We have an excellent record of single performance measure that is based We are very proud to have worked closely providing tailored and pragmatic solutions on a combination of leading and lagging with DLRL to deliver innovative and novel to help our clients identify and manage the performance indicators. The SPI is used solutions for managing and improving its risks that they face in order to enhance the for setting the goal for safety performance safety and operational performance. It is performance of their businesses. each year. The composition of the SPI rewarding to see our work in daily use and DLRL has a mature Enterprise Risk can also be adjusted to focus on key making a real contribution to DLRL’s business. Management (ERM) framework in place initiatives set out in the DLRL annual safety Steven Hughes for managing all types of risks, including improvement plan. Director, Abbott Risk Consulting

ARC has established a strong reputation in the UK and around Abbott Risk Consulting Ltd the world and we are accustomed to the demands of working within various UK, European and international regulatory regimes, and with new, changing and complex requirements. Our clients include railway agencies, infrastructure managers, train operators and suppliers. Key Services Project safety Business performance • Safety planning • Enterprise Risk • Bid support Management (ERM) • Safety risk assessments, • Risk register development inc. HAZOP, FMECA, QRA • Risk management process • Safety cases & review justifications • Safety and operational KPIs • Software & SIL assurance • Performance reporting • Safety assurance • Process improvement Safety performance Specialist services • Safety targets development • Human factors & benchmarking • Engineering support & Abbott Risk Consulting (ARC) is a leading • Safety culture assessment modelling supplier of safety, risk and engineering • Risk Management Maturity consultancy services to the Rail industry and Model (RM3) review other regulated industries including Oil & Gas, ARC’s strength is our people and their flexibility and Nuclear and Defence. commitment to delivering quality solutions to time and budget. If you are interested in joining us, please send your CV to Jo York, quoting reference ARC1210. More information about the company can be found on our website www.consultarc.com e: [email protected] ARC is committed to equal opportunities to all

ARC half page landscape Rail Advert 2012.indd 1 19/11/2012 16:14:33

28 25 YEARS OF DLR special PSA : A HUMAN ELEMENT ON AN AUTOMATED RAILWAY

In spite of the trains being driverless at connections and with such closely spaced most times, from the outset the DLR has stations. There is therefore inevitably a had a staff member aboard each service. sampling element to such checks, but For this entirely new role on a new type of nevertheless they are more frequent than on railway, the usual British industry title most most open-access public transport systems. approximating to the duties, guard, was Station Blocks are also part of normal carefully avoided. In the early years they operations, whereby all entitlements to were identified as Train Captains. This later travel can be checked onboard and on a changed to Passenger Service Agent (PSA), specific station. Although the day-to-day as they remain. checks can potentially be confrontational, The title perhaps suggests bureaucratic Shane Tatman who has been in the role process, but this is misleading given the for just over 11 years views it more as an importance of human qualities involved. opportunity to make positive contact Being the uniformed person standing Above: All DLR stock provides good access with the public. After this initial enquiry at one of the train doorways, observing and external views, with the B07 introducing passengers become more willing to seek any passengers boarding and alighting, the a brighter interior and wider gangway. help and information they may need. PSA is readily identifiable at stations, Like his colleagues, Shane has become which with very few exceptions are Below: Shane Tatman, DLR Passenger adept at spotting the confused and the lost, unstaffed. It is the PSA’s instruction that Service Agent, Serco Docklands. thereby soon able to help them on their allows the train to continue in automatic way. The majority who travel are regulars operation when safe to do so. however, and in spite of the ‘big city’ setting, Effectively being the train dispatcher is problems or if possible obstructions on faces and names become familiar between just one of the PSA’s tasks which range the track are reported. Their driving skills the PSAs and passengers, part of something from the clearly defined, like the designated are also kept honed by one hour of such encapsulated in Shane’s view of the DLR safety checks, to the more abstract field of operations in normal service every Sunday. that “it’s a local railway - it’s their railway.” customer interaction. All PSAs are trained to perform non-auto driving, that is using ‘It’s their railway’ Teamwork and training the controls normally concealed under a Revenue protection is a PSA duty on this Passenger Service Agents at Serco locked cover in front of one side of the front largely barrier-free system. One person Docklands are organised as eight teams, passenger seats. This always occurs within cannot possibly check all tickets or passes with 32 in each team. Every team has its own depot bounds as trains enter or leave the on three-vehicle trains without gangway manager and they are rostered for duties passenger system. Once into service, the as a team and have their training together. PSA may also be required to take charge Shane identifies the team unit as bringing in cases such as track works, signalling an added sense of identity and responsibility to the task. It also provides a platform for shared experiences and to pass on useful information about doing the job. The backgrounds of the PSAs are as varied as their tasks, but the common thread is being at ease with the public. For being appointed and going on to enjoy the job Shane believes that “it’s not your background that matters, it’s how you portray yourself. You have to want to interact with other people – you can’t be a wallflower. For being a PSA, you don’t want robotic people.” Experience as a PSA has for many led on to other DLR positions such as project and managerial posts. There is a comprehensive annual re-training programme for the PSA teams. With a job that ranges from serious issues to responding with understanding and humour to customers who want to know where to plug in their laptops, where the refreshments are or why a replacement bus service doesn’t appear along the railway tracks, the PSA ensures that using this automatic railway isn’t a dehumanised experience.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 29 Serco: The DLR’s operations partner

Serco has been part of the DLR story for 15 branding that dominates. Here the public focused on transport, including being a years. It is a company that, given the scale of knows clearly that a given vehicle, station, development director for bus operations in its contracts, remains relatively little known stop or information source is part of the Sydney and managing director of Gatwick amongst the general public. capital’s main transport provider and that Express. He is a passionate believer in the It has a breadth of activities exemplified its standards apply. In contrast to the many DLR’s importance, something he identifies by education, defence, health and leisure operators of London’s red bus services, as “a business that matters in what it does sectors, usually operating under the the DLR features discreet identifications of for London” with the task of getting people identity of its many clients. The Hampshire- Serco as operator. to work, out and about for leisure and as based Serco Group identifies itself as an The company’s involvement with the being part of the wider network. international service company that employs DLR stemmed from a 1994 government Specific to the DLR, the Serco Docklands more than 100 000 people in over 30 announcement that the railway’s operations subsidiary is now well into its second seven- countries, around 35 000 in the UK. would move from the LDDC and be year contract. Won in competitive tendering, Amongst other transport interests is Dubai privatised. Serco completed the buy-out the first contract from 1997 to 2006 had Metro and with partners Abellio, Northern of shares held by former DLR executive a two-year option that was exercised by Rail and Merseyrail in the north of England. directors from the privatisation by 1999. the client. Having a similar extension Within DLR territory, TfL’s Woolwich Ferry Serco Dockland’s Managing Director is provision, the present main contract expires is also operated by Serco as well as the David Stretch. Like many of his colleagues, in March 2013. The two broad categories Cycle Hire scheme launched in 2010. Unlike he is based at the Poplar depot site in ‘The covered by the contract are operations and on much of the UK’s franchised rail and Hilton’ – a wry unofficial name for facilities maintenance. All revenues go to TfL which post-deregulation bus network where the during the very early days that has stuck owns the capital assets. operator’s identity is to the fore, across for Serco’s present offices. Following a Serco’s rewards combine a fixed fee TfL it is the corporate network identity and background in accountancy David Stretch element with a plus or minus amount based

Above: Serco Docklands Managing Director David Stretch.

30 25 YEARS OF DLR special upon performance targets, notably for service and facilities reliability. There are Following engineering experience with about 740 people employed for delivery of British Rail and London Underground, includes electrical, mechanical, building, the Serco Docklands contract, although this Project Manager Len Fenton was initially trackside and power supply. They work number goes up and down related to service seconded to the Docklands Light Railway with Thales in respect of signalling. A requirements. Internal transfer between and is now amongst the longest-serving project tackled by the team may be roles can take place, but broadly DLR staff. He revels in the breadth of activities initiated by the client, as with tasks operations account for approximately 450, afforded by the DLR: “You wouldn’t have related to the addition of new stations or the largest group represented by the PSA the opportunity to have those experiences extensions, or by Serco, exemplified by teams. Engineering has around 200, with on any other railway. We bring everyone increasing the security levels in passenger Serco normally required to make available a together, getting ideas and between us lifts. The scope is wide in coverage, ranging minimum of 134 vehicles out of the 149 total, come to an agreement – and we all know from relatively minor issues to huge tasks plus two three-car and one two-car spares. what’s happened. Without the good like the 2012 move of the control centre Back office activities account for about 50. working relationship with TfL it wouldn’t function from Poplar to Beckton. The level of ridership on DLR also forms have been so successful.” As across TfL for the London 2012 part of the payment mechanism. Customer The project team’s in-house expertise Games, Serco Docklands contributed satisfaction surveys completed quarterly are to what proved to be a public transport an important data source. Building upon the showcase. In David Stretch’s view day-to-day contact with passengers, Serco “All of TfL did a great job and we were participates in DLR ‘Meet the Manager’ privileged and proud being part of the best sessions as featured across TfL modes. performance that the railway has ever seen. A long-standing service that was a Serco There was a real collective team spirit.” initiative to reach people throughout its After the Games’ conclusion the multi-lingual, multi-cultural hinterland, the atmosphere has inevitably changed. “It Community Ambassadors raise awareness feels different: we’re still buoyed up by what of what the railway offers, also promoting we did – but the gap is being filled by what’s values like safety and secure travel. Some next.” From a corporate perspective ‘what’s activities are further contracted, such as next’ is unsurprisingly working to retain the security (Travel Safe Officers) and cleaning Above: Serco Docklands Project Manager DLR contract. More specifically, Serco’s to Carlisle Support Services. Les Fenton. goal is to build on the success of the year Serco Docklands has a project research and deliver the best ever service reliability and implementation service with 30 in the Top: As at Heron Quays, the most for DLR’s passengers. core team. TfL can call upon the projects intensively developed Docklands areas Serco Docklands also took the Operator team whose work is generally outside have seen heavy modification of the DLR to of the Year accolade at the 2012 Light Rail delivering the main contract. handle increased demand. Awards, first winning the honour in 2008.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 31 Right: Tracks converge at the west of Beckton depot for access to the system in both directions.

Below: Partitioned from the other four through-roads in the workshop, the wheel lathe area at Beckton depot.

32 25 YEARS OF DLR special Multi disciplined contractor with extensive experience in the rail, light rail & tram industry throughout the UK

Pod-Trak Ltd is a highly skilled, multi discipline contractor to the rail, light rail and tram industries throughout the UK, with oﬃ ces based in both London and Manchester. Pod-Trak put emphasis on the delivery of quality, punctual and on-budget services; conti nued success through referrals and repeat business with clients such as DLR is testament to the dedicati on of this youthful and innovati ve company.

Founded by Managing Director Paul O’Donnell in 2007, Pod-Trak have developed rapidly by listening to and working closely with DLR and their partners; this has resulted in the successful completi on of several key projects on the Docklands Light Railway, ranging from track renewals and telecoms to labour and plant supply, building long-lasti ng relati onships with their team and contractors alike in the process.

Pod-Trak provide the Our Mission with all clients is to: following services: • Be a Service Provider of choice in the markets in • 3rd/4th Rail Installati on & which we operate Maintenance • Pursue a dedicated and professional approach to ensure the • P-Way & Technical Services highest level of safety and quality is achieved in everything we do. • Civil Engineering • Understand our customer requirements and work with them to • OLE Installati on & exceed their expectati ons Maintenance • Invest in our people; the foundati on of our success • Telecoms & Communicati ons • Always act in a socially and environmentally responsible way • Plant & Operator Hire (RRV • Conti nue to develop and improve a strong, innovati ve and MEWPs, haulage, etc.) economically sustainable business

Oﬃ ce 3, Tel: +44 (0)161 707 6188 Unit 8 Fleetway Business Park, Tel: +44 (0)20 8998 0010 10 James Nasmyth Way, Fax: +44 (0)161 707 6188 14-16 Wadsworth Road, Fax: +44 (0)20 8998 6901 Eccles, Manchester M30 0SF [email protected] Perivale, Middlesex UB6 7LD [email protected]

PodTrak_v3.indd 1 29/11/2012 11:31 LNO DON 2012: TAKING PART AND WINNING

The Olympic Games (27 July – 12 August) Right: Serving and Paralympic Games (29 August – the main Olympic 9 September) were collectively represented Park for London as London 2012. The announcement of 2012, Stratford London winning the bid to host the Games International DLR had come on 6 July 2005. adjoins the High Mindful of transport inadequacies Speed 1 station contributing to earlier failed UK attempts to and Westfield host major events, and of the unwelcome Stratford City attention attached to shortcomings at retail development. the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, TfL and other transport bodies became involved in the compilation of the ultimately successful bid at an early stage. However, once the bid became history, the real work had to begin… In July 2007, Olympic Bid chairman Lord Sebastian Coe (later to chair the London Organising Committee for the Olympic Games) boldly went on record about what would be ready in 2012: “Our transport for the 16 days of the Olympic Games and 12 days of the Paralympic Games will be the best planned and operated transport system in the history of the Olympic movement. That is my promise to every athlete who competes in London. [Transport] will be the fastest and most reliable ever provided for the world’s most important sporting event.”

‘London Underground and the DLR form the core capacity resource and capability that will underpin rail services in London during the Games’

‘The fully-accessible DLR is an excellent transport option for disabled spectators travelling to a number of London 2012 venues’

Olympic Delivery Authority Transport Plan

34 25 YEARS OF DLR special 25 YEARS OF DLR special 35

the unprecedented demand would be to overlook the resources that were applied beforehand. It would also downplay the reality of it succeeding because of Above: With platform extension underway To a British public prone to scepticism, the meticulous planning and resourceful staff in this March 2010 view, Prince Regent claim seemed at best needlessly reckless. committed to making things work. and (background) Custom House were Touting the events as ‘The Public Transport Substantial resources had been directed designated stations for the ExCeL, a Games’ seemed to invite the worst that fate at a range of transport projects. In its major venue for London 2012 indoor could bring. To parts of the media it held the anticipated final cost statement of March events. Crossrail is under development prospect of becoming a heavy stick with 2012, the Olympic Delivery Authority immediately north of the DLR tracks. which it could beat the organisers if things (ODA) identified GBP894m spending on all started going wrong. transport improvements. Of this, GBP80m Below: Serco Docklands’ Olympics Yet the promises were delivered related to the DLR where it helped to fund Programme and Planning Director and the capital not only continued to the Stratford extension and the capacity Rick Davey. function, but flourished. To say that public enhancement measures. transport appeared to cope easily with TfL shows a total of GBP281m of ODA funding going to its Games-specific projects overall. In the controversial and often abstract area of Olympic legacy, here was investment unarguably creating long- term assets; better infrastructure, more capacity and vehicles with a long working life. DLR Director Jonathan Fox says that London 2012 was as much an acceleration of improvements as being the cause of them. “The Olympics bid became the catalyst for their funding and completion.” The bid put the 2.5km2 Olympic Park with a centrepiece 80 000-capacity stadium on a distinctly ‘brownfield’ site immediately north of the main line at Stratford. This location alone would have made the DLR a significant carrier, having a terminus of the initial network and several relevant stations on the future Stratford International extension. What made the role more important was that it directly linked with other venues in the Games ‘River Zone’ and provided connections through other modes.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 37 coming straight at you... we knew we would be working at a high level for eight weeks.” Rick did not expect failures (although such eventualities were of course planned for) but there was awareness that any transport problems would not go unnoticed or unreported, nor go short of critics. Drawing upon knowledge of venues and times once they were made available, service requirements were identified by DLR as the client. Aspects like staffing, stock availability, timetables and the channels for directing passengers could all be put in place, but the scale of the Games meant that no realistic volume testing could be done in advance. Described by Rick Davey as “a great unknown” was the element that “there was no certainty how the public would use various types of transport, where they might change, or how long they’d linger in the area after events ended.” Above: Extra staff were available to assist those attending London 2012: This is There were four broad phases within Canning Town during the Paralympic Games. which ten different timetables could be implemented. Pre-Games differed slightly OLYMPICS DLR TWEETS from the normal DLR operations, but with services gradually increasing towards the ‘Love that the DLR LED boards not only announce train times, but also team busiest part, the Olympics themselves. This GB Olympic results. Great touch.’ incorporated provisions like extended hours for opening and closing ceremonies. There ‘On DLR – well done for such a smooth operation! Your staff/volunteers doing you, were other designated ‘high risk days’ when and us all, proud.’ certain events held the potential for over- running with timings and capacity being ‘So I’m on DLR and driver announced Andy Murray won GOLD, literally the changed as necessary. whole train ERRUPTED!! What an experience’ The peaks saw 22-hour ‘days’, which at the depots represented as little as 40 minutes ‘Round of applause on DLR to Stratford from Greenwich as driver honked the horn between the last train in service arriving through a tunnel saying “this one’s for Mo Farah”. Fantastic’ back and the first train for the next day’s service leaving. Of the 149 vehicles, 144 ‘On the DLR with some USA Olympic athletes. Pretty cool, you don’t get this in could be in use at once. The Inter-Games many sports!’ period featured an enhanced normal service, with the Paralympics following as the second peak. Helping to speed transit through ‘All along the DLR routes there are volunteers who are friendly, helpful, polite and stations, spectators holding London 2012 smiley. I will miss them much come next Monday.’ sports or ceremony tickets were issued with a free Games Travelcard for that day. ‘The DLR stewards put a smile on my face this morning with their Bolt inspired There were 25 DLR stations identified with directions to ExCeL as I arrived…’ the potential to be appreciably affected by the Games. Management plans were devised specific to each of these locations, Five arenas hosting 165 Olympic events transport would serve the equestrian event most obviously those near venues or were at the ExCeL, an exhibition complex at Greenwich Park, with Greenwich DLR interchanges like Poplar and Canning in the eastern (Royal) docks. Besides the being a recommended link. Town, but also where passengers might ExCeL’s nearest DLR stations, Custom Costing GBP60m, the innovative Emirates join or leave the DLR. Travel Ambassador House and Prince Regent, special walkways Air Line cable car joined the TfL network in volunteers were on-hand to offer help. connected the site with West Silvertown June 2012. It gave a direct connection from Ordinarily only four stations classified as and Pontoon Dock across the Royal Victoria the ExCeL near Royal Victoria DLR to the underground (Bank, Cutty Sark, Island Dock. As at other venues, a Games Mobility O2, re-titled the North Greenwich Arena as Gardens and Woolwich Arsenal) are staffed, service was implemented for those needing a London 2012 venue, also connected by but this changed during the Games with additional assistance. the Underground’s Jubilee line and river staff deployed to channel and assist station To avoid conflicting crowd flows and ferries. Opening just two years from the users. For Serco Docklands, a total of make train movements more efficient, initial contracts being let, this award-winning 45 000 extra staff hours were required for each of this pair of stations for ExCeL had project was another ‘first’ for the UK. the demands of London 2012. one designated for arriving spectators With over 20 years’ DLR experience, Rick Supporting significant changes to and one for departures. A relatively small Davey became Serco Docklands’ Olympics hardware and service adjustments, a venue for shooting competitions, the Royal Programme and Planning Director. He lengthy information campaign was mounted Artillery Barracks was a short walk from identifies a feeling shared by many colleagues; to inform all concerned and to influence the Woolwich Arsenal combined main line the dominant feature of the Games was “the traveller behaviour. TfL issued a twice-daily and DLR station. A similar mix of public fact that it was immovable, yet somehow still 2012 Games travel bulletin on its website,

38 25 YEARS OF DLR special Above: Although opened later than also showing ‘station hotspots’ – the busiest day for the DLR had previously been anticipated, the Stratford International expected busy periods at each station. 374 000; on Friday 3 August about 500 000 extension was operational well before A dedicated ‘Get ahead of the Games’ journeys were recorded. the Games began: B90 32 at Stratford website, publications and audio messages The November 2012 update of the low-level platforms on 3 July 2012. underpinned the basic principle of trying to House of Commons briefing note SN3722 segregate London 2012 demand from other ‘London Olympics: transport’ reported Below: Stratford’s principal station users. TfL believes that around one-third of ‘The Docklands Light Railway (DLR) saw incorporates two DLR lines that were regular passengers in some way changed almost 6.9 million journeys over the Olympic essential links to the main Olympic site: their normal journeys by route and/or timing Games – up by over 100 per cent on normal the low-level platforms are between TfL’s to avoid congestion. levels - and 4 million journeys during the bus and Underground termini. A theme ‘The DLR will be much busier Paralympic Games. During both the Olympic than usual during the Games’ was used to and Paralympic Games, reliability on the DLR encourage alternative arrangements; it was was 99 per cent.’ No medals issued, but a also an accurate prediction. The record winning performance nonetheless.

SQUARE MILE

t: 08452 77 82 73 f: 02079 90 82 73 www.sq-mile.co.uk

We are working on the following Our services to your company projects: would include the following: • London 2012: Bespoke in-situ RC bridge • We carry out face-to-face interviews with construction for the rowing facilities at operatives and reference checks followed Eton and groundworks at Stratford. by a Health & Safety Induction Course. • Dockland Light Railway: RC track slabs • All operatives are CSCS / CPCS carded and RC de-railment plinths and cross-checked against the CSCS • London City Airport: Term Maintenance database. on runway slab replacement and • We will allocate a dedicated Contract diamond drilling. Manager who is available 24 hours a day, 7 • A414 Essex County Council: Highways days a week, 365 days a year. and RC subways and bridges. • We can deploy multi skilled personnel • Gravesend Town Centre: Town Centre into various different contract sectors refurbishment. such as Civil’s, Building, Regeneration and • Deptford Train Station: Station upgrades Re-furbishment. and refurbishment. • We are engaged in training our work • National Grid: Civils upgrades works in force and have signed up to The Skills London and East Anglia. Pledge.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 39 The silent partner... in the world’s great urban rail systems SMART ELECTRONIC DISPLAY SOLUTIONS

Over 13,000 Railway Displays Worldwide For over three decades, Data Display has been setting standards for the design and manufacture of high-quality electronic information display systems. Whether you are in London, New York or Paris, Data Display signage will inform you of when your next train is due, providing all passengers with a high-quality travel experience.

UK UK LONDON HEATHROW EXPRESS UNDERGROUND LONDON BUSES CHILTERN RAIL VIRGIN WEST MARYLEBONE COAST MAINLINE STATION NATIONAL EXPRESS TRANSPENNINE LOROL EXPRESS DLR FIRST GREAT WESTERN FIRST CAPITAL SOUTHERN CONNECT SOUTH EASTERN TYNE & WEAR METRO TRAINS LONDON TRAMLINK IRELAND USA IRISH RAIL ARINC BUS EIREANN AVAIL – ERIE DUBLIN STATIONS AVAIL – AMTRAN DART ROCHESTER ORBITAL LUAS BUS TAMPA ORBITAL BUFFALO ORBITAL PORTUGAL TRINITY BRAMPTON LISBON METRO ORBITAL CP CUMINHOS DE TRAPEZE TERRO GREEN BAY AUSTRALIA CDTA ALBANY CONNEXIONZ SLR SEATTLE NYCT HONG KONG BCAG UNDERGROUND CARTS MBTA WICKFORD FRANCE CITY OF CHARLOTTE PARIS METRO SANDAG SNCF – TAV SEPTA SEATTLE SOUNDER LATVIA UNION PACIFIC RAIL STATION LA METRO NETWORK WAVE TRANSIT RUSSIA SAN DIEGO MOSCOW STATION HUMPYARDS MPM NORWAY L.A EAST SIDE OSLO METRO ORBITA MATA DOWNTOWN SWEDEN ALLIANCE STOCKHOLM METRO L.A GOLD LINE BUS STATION BALTIMORE MARC SL DENVER MILE HIGH SWEDISH RAIL OHIO STATE AUSTIN ORBITAL ATLANTA PEOPLE MOVER SAN FERNANDO NETHERLANDS GVB METRO DRIMS Data Display RANDSTAD AMSTERDAM GVB TRAMKOM DO STATION t: +353 65 707 2600 f: +353 65 707 1311 e: [email protected] VTA

DataDisplay_adv4.indd 1 28/11/2012 15:46 advertorial DLR performs well during Olympics 2012

The Docklands Light Railway performed very well during the London Olympics. Strukton Systems congratulates Serco with this good performance!

PO SS® Railway Condition Monitoring As a pilot Strukton’s POSS® system was commissioned at Canary Wharf station and Royal Mint street Junction. Soon after commissioning the advantages of POSS® became clear. Serco wanted to guarantee continuous train services during the London Olympics 2012 and thus decided in 2011 for a network wide roll-out of POSS® point monitoring and POSS® axle counter monitoring involving: 148 point drives All axle counter systems Wireless communication of the data Real-time access to the information by web cloud interfacing Commissioning and testing Maintenance consultancy Serco installed the POSS® equipment itself. In the week before the Olympics, the DLR network scored its highest availability ever, proving that the investment in POSS® really pays. POSS® monitors clamp lock drives and movable frogs with HW drives. Due to the short headway of the trains, the point movements are often very frequent; up to 300 times a day. POSS® measures the motor current of the point drives, the direction of the runs and the outside temperature. This data is sent via GPRS to the POSS® cloud server. The Serco maintenance engineers have real-time access to the data via a web interface on their laptops or smartphones.

Left: Strukton’s POSS® system monitors clamp locks (left) and movable frogs with HW drives. For further information about POSS® Forvisit further www.possinfo.com information about or contact POSS® Right: The visitRob Redeker:www.possinfo.com or contact sytem’s Robe-mail: Redeker: [email protected] MicroPoss e-mail:telephone: [email protected] +31 (0)6 53 17 80 47 interface. telephone: +31 (0)6 53 17 80 47

25 YEARS OF DLR special 41 S:\_Server\PUBLICITY\ADVERTS\2012\AD2012 B DLR Anniversary Special 2 Half.docx

LCS L.C. SWITCHGEAR LTD. www.lcswitchgear.com

Track Bypass Isolation & Earthing for Safe Track Maintenance

Track Bypass & Feeder Isolators Substation Mimic Panels Trackside Indicators

LCS have supplied over 150 Manual & Motor Driven Track Bypass and Feeder Isolators to the Docklands Light Railway over the last 17 years. High reliability Isolators with high current and high fault capacities, low maintenance and a minimum 25 year design life.

10 Substation Mimic Panels control and indicate status of the isolators, while 59 Trackside Indicators display the track status to personnel out on the track

All are fully compliant with DLR Standards & UK Legislation. These products ensure Safe Isolation and/or Earthing of the railways for maintenance.

Britain’s leading supplier of DC Trackside Switchgear products to UK Railways

L.C. Switchgear Ltd. Unit 16, St Josephs Business Park, St Josephs Close, Hove, East Sussex, BN3 7ES Tel: 01273 770540 Fax: 01273 770547 Email: [email protected]

Congratulations...... to TfL, The Docklands Light Railway and Serco on running the DLR for the last 25 Years and their major contribution to providing a successful Olympic and Paralympic Games. For the last 18 years Abbey Liftcare is proud to have looked after DLR’s passenger lifts on behalf of Serco. During the Games Abbey Liftcare, on behalf of DLR, TfL and Serco, was the lift company entrusted to deliver a full 24-hour lift service across the entire DLR network.

S:\_Server\PUBLICITY\ADVERTS\2012\AD2012 B DLR Anniversary Special 2 Half.docx

42 25 YEARS OF DLR special ‘How SERCO HELPED DLR deliver on its promise to make London 2012 the most successful ever Games’

Serco’s involvement with the DLR has 16m in 1997 to 83m journeys in 2011) and delivering the Olympics been a phenomenal success story and one at the same time grown our customers’ The DLR was always expected to be the rail that we are immensely proud of. Over our satisfaction with the service to industry- network most impacted by the London 15 years operating what I see as London’s leading levels. 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. It best-loved mode of transport, we have This history of excellent delivery has won was hard to believe or fully envisage how played a key part in the transformation of us many transport industry accolades and much the business would change over the East London. is something we are extremely proud of; coming months. In our time operating the DLR, our people regardless, we all rightly regarded 2012 as More critically, “how would London’s have transported 830 million passengers a phenomenal challenge for both our transport system cope with Olympic and our focus on performance has brought people and the railway. demands”, was the question on most massive improvements in the experience of Even before revellers across the UK had people’s lips. How would we answer it? our customers. belted out the last chorus of Auld Lang The DLR would serve four of the main We have driven train reliability from Syne in the early hours of New Year’s Day Olympic venues, including taking spectators 89.6% to 99% of trains running to 2012, my thoughts were already on the right into the heart of the Olympic Park timetable; we have also played a key part year ahead – and more specifically on the as well as the UK’s second largest venue, in growing passenger numbers (from summer months... ExCeL-London, in the east. Passenger

Above: One of the busiest DLR stations, Canary Wharf is appropriately imposing.

25 YEARS OF DLR special 43 numbers were forecast to increase by over Achieved record performance levels challenge, doing this with a hugely positive 70%, requiring extensive changes to normal averaging 99.1% reliability during the spirit, enriching the experience for millions. operations to maintain services. Olympics and 98.7% during the As with all the best of life’s experiences, Key to success would be assessing and Paralympics. this year was a huge challenge and developing the right strategy, planning demanded masses of hard work – and extensively, testing our preparedness and Even with a great plan, these levels of the Serco team wouldn’t have missed it inspiring the Serco team to put in Herculean performance and the positive impact that for the world! efforts over the year, culminating in this had on spectators, the Games family David Stretch, welcoming the world to East London during and London 2012 in general could only Managing Director, Serco Docklands Games time with confidence. have been achieved with the dedication, This included staffing an additional 21 hard work and passion of the incredible stations, implementing 32 bespoke rosters team of people at Serco Docklands, and to cover 45 000 extra staff hours, providing the exceptional support of our business extensive customer service training and partners and our client. DLR network familiarisation, as well as Our customers rewarded us with instigating the largest recruitment campaign thousands of messages of thanks on Twitter, the DLR had ever seen – mobilising around photographs of medal-adorned athletes 1500 station, crowd control, volunteers and posing on our trains and with our people cleaning staff. and the satisfaction of having kept the eyes I couldn’t be more proud of the way my of the world on the success of Team GB. team dedicated themselves to the task. On Our people excelled and delivered on their Opening Ceremony day, there was a huge promise to help make London 2012 the sense of excitement, as well as pride at most successful ever Games and the first being a key part of the great spectacle. and best Public Transport Games. Above: Paul Hartshorn, Rolling Stock I have two key highlights of the Games Technician for Serco Docklands, was one of During the Olympic & Paralympics, which will remain with me for a long while many staff who kept the DLR performing Serco Docklands: to come. The first came after a long run of so magnificently during the London 2012 Carried 12m passengers, 100% up on the 12-hour night shifts when I met my family Olympics. Courtesy of Serco Docklands same period the previous year. on the DLR. I burst with pride as our trains Carried record passenger numbers conveyed us swiftly to the Olympic Park Below: Beckton depot had to be expanded peaking at 500 000 on 3 August (300 000 with Eleanor, my eight-year-old, sitting at to accommodate the larger fleet ordered for passengers/day is normal). the front of our train pretending to drive; the Games. During the peaks, 40 minutes Experienced no major passenger or the cuddle she received from one of our would pass between the last train arriving employee injuries. Passenger Service Agents on board made and the first leaving for the following day’s Delivered 100% fleet availability on every her day! The second is the way the Serco service duties. Barking Creek tidal barrier day of the Games. team responded to their biggest ever by the Thames is in the background.

44 25 YEARS OF DLR special advertorial H elping deliver the London 2012 Olympics

North Star Consultancy was Paralympic period and these were to be felt commissioned to help Serco Docklands particularly by organisations such as DLR, Specific challenges for DLR prepare for the 2012 Olympic and which was relied upon heavily to transport Paralympic Games. This started in April spectators to and from games. Key Olympic To make a difference during the 2011 with two consultants supporting the areas such as the Olympic Park (consisting Olympic Games the DLR needed to: planning of an event over 450 days away... of nine venues), the Greenwich Arena and Provide world-class reliability; By June 2012 North Star was contributing Park, the ExCeL Arena and the Royal Artillery to maintain and improve upon to resource planning, performance Barracks relied heavily upon DLR trains an excellent level of performance improvement, contingency, crisis planning given their proximity to DLR stations. despite the additional pressure and improving customer information during The capacity of these Olympic venues on infrastructure that required disruption, deploying a seventh consultant. ranged from 6000 to 95 000 and as DLR maximum train availability and North Star helped deliver: trains run to already-busy locations such leverage of timetable opportunities A highly-motivated and customer aware as Bank and Canary Wharf, there was an to transit up to double the usual team of Serco Docklands staff, both core obvious strain on the existing infrastructure passenger numbers. and temporary. and a large additional staffing requirement Be prepared to manage variations Detailed and specific contingency to recruit and train. As an integral part of to the plan of any scale from minor arrangements for the management East London’s transport system, the DLR disruptions to service, through to of incidents. was required to be ready to “welcome management of crises; ensuring the A great travel experience for Olympic the world” and maintain a level of service, best response to possible incidents. spectators. security and safety expected by the UK Provide spectators with the best public and the foreign visitors. customer experience through people In performance delivery, the results for North Star brought a wide range of to ensure they got to and from the 16 days of the Olympics were: experience to this Olympic project. With Olympic destinations in an informed DLR carried over 100% more passengers extensive knowledge and experience of ‘best and assured manner. than the same time in 2011. in class’ rail services, its consultants offered DLR carried over 20% more passengers tailored and innovative operational solutions than forecast on most days. to meet the requirements of this historic and DLR set new passenger records on every unique event. better value for money delivery of service for day of the week during the Olympics. many years to come. Day 7 of the Games was the busiest day, Delivering innovative solutionS when DLR carried 500,706 passengers – Serco Docklands required professional North Star received recognition for 73% higher than on a typical Friday. consultancy support to help prepare for its achievements at the 2012 Light Rail Train availability against the plan was the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Awards and was named Supplier of 100% on all days. Games. It relied on North Star to provide the Year (<€10m) for support to DLR Service Reliability performance averaged this through seven consultants over a Olympic preparedness. Serco Docklands 99.1% – peaking at 99.95% on day 6. 16-month period. was also named Operator of the Year. Service Departure performance averaged As a one-off high profile event, delivery and at 99% – peaking at 100% on days 6 and 15. quality were vital. North Star delivered on all of its promises with innovative approaches. Challenges for London Many of the outputs not only delivered a transport during Olympics highly successful Olympic Games period The London transport system faced a for the DLR but also provided sustainable number of challenges over the Olympic and improvements. This legacy will provide a www.northstarconsultancy.com

25 YEARS OF DLR special 45 DLR’s CHANGING BACKDROP

Transport for London dates from 2000 Overground, Tramlink and the Emirates As would be expected with more when the capital’s own network moved Air Line, a cross-Thames cable car opened extensions and added interchanges, the DLR from the control of national government to in 2012. TfL Underground is in the same has seen substantial increases in passengers be placed under the new Greater London directorate. Originated as a free-standing carried. As the surrounding residential and Authority. TfL is charged with planning, entity like other network components, the commercial activities have grown along with implementing and operating the network. DLR has its own version of the TfL logo and the railway, cause and effect are difficult to Within TfL, the DLR is managed as part other corporate materials, a sub-branding disentangle. There is a however a continuing of London Rail which also includes the variation of text and colour. underlying rise in numbers:

46 25 YEARS OF DLR special Below: As with business properties, DLR’s CHANGING residential developments have been encouraged where there is easy access to DLR services: Deptford BACKDROP Bridge on the Lewisham line. Right: A complete advertising liveried DLR train nears East India station on the long elevated section east from Poplar.

Below right: With DLR Cyprus station on the Beckton extension part of the development, the University of East London’s Docklands campus with its distinctive student housing opened in 1999.

1997-98: 21.44 million 1998-99: 27.63 million 1999-00: 31.04 million 2000-01: 38.39 million 2001-02: 41.29 million 2002-03: 45.71 million easier access to Westfield Stratford City, 2003-04: 48.46 million London’s biggest shopping centre when 2004-05: 50.10 million opened in September 2011. 2005-06: 53.91 million The ExCeL site and Greenwich are also 2006-07: 61.30 million traffic generators of a type that could not 2007-08: 66.57 million have been foreseen as relevant when the 2008-09: 66.02 million Docklands Light Railway first opened. The 2009-10: 69.43 million increased number of interchanges is another 2010-11: 78.32 million key difference from 1987. The DLR grew to 2011-12: 86.12 million meet the Underground at Bank and, as at For 2011-12, TfL reported a 10% increase Canary Wharf and Canning Town, vice versa. in passengers over the previous year and TfL stablemate the Overground emerged a 15.7% revenue rise. There was also a in 2007 from a takeover of routes from reduction in crime recorded on the DLR. national rail franchise and Underground A trend within the increased ridership is operation. Service quality, frequency and the use of the DLR for more leisure-based coverage has risen substantially over five journeys and more travel occurring outside years, with DLR/Overground interchanges at work-related service peaks. Shadwell and Stratford handling some of the Retailing explains some of the demand: extra traffic generated by this reinvigorated adjoining Canary Wharf DLR is a large heavy rail operation. underground shopping complex and with Tapping into a wider area than Overground, the Stratford International extension came the east-west Crossrail lines expected

25 YEARS OF DLR special 47 to open in 2018 will certainly bring more In contrast with the famed London Above: B07 stock weaves around curves change to the DLR due to interchanges at Underground map, the DLR counterpart near the former South Quay station site Custom House, Canary Wharf and Stratford. does not differentiate its route structure that precluded extending the station at A key benefit for passengers using by colour. They are now shown as different that location. London’s transport network is a common strands, for example Lewisham has separate ticketing system across TfL’s nine zones. lines showing the end-to-end Bank and Below: Elverson Road on the Lewisham Except for Woolwich Arsenal in zone 4, the Stratford services, but for now the policy line is one of several stations where DLR falls wholly within zones 1-3. Cash remains not to use colour or route titles. platforms could not be extended and tickets are available, but the majority of For regular users such issues are selective door operation applies. journeys are made with the more flexible irrelevant; for others, support services like alternatives. Travelcards can be either displays on stations and trains, and getting specifically for London or add-ons to help as needed from the travelling PSA tickets from stations around the south appears to function well. Even if a ‘wrong’ eastern network. train is taken – onboard next station and Combining convenience with reduced destination announcements will help to journey costs over cash fares, the Oyster identify this – high frequencies mean that (which can also incorporate Travelcards), the error can soon be remedied. is managed by TfL as its stored value, As with TfL’s Underground or Tramlink, re-usable smartcard. Introduced in 2003, it the service intensity is now such that, was identified by TfL as accounting for over outside for the first and last services on 80% of public transport journeys in London any given day, the timetable is superfluous by summer 2012. for most passengers. DLR stations have self-service ticket machines including the facility for Oyster DLR DEVELOPMENT top-ups, which can also be done online with ROUTE OPENED registered cards. Card readers are amongst the standard features of DLR stations. Tower Gateway – Stratford – Island Gardens August 1987 Developing over 25 years also means that EXTENSIONS a range of DLR station configurations and Bank July 1991 architecture is now encountered, but all Beckton March 1994 provide step-free access, covered platform space and seating, local and network maps, Lewisham November 1999 audio announcements as well as state-of- London City Airport/ King George V December 2005 the-art CCTV and live communication with Woolwich Arsenal January 2009 the control centre through help points. Exact facilities and interchanges for every station Stratford International August 2011 are available via the www.tfl.gov.ukwebsite.

48 25 YEARS OF DLR special SURVIVOR PLUS Successfully installed on over 60 London Under- ground stations as well as DLR and Network Rail, Survivor is the mainstay of the Selux transport range of luminaires.

Made from extruded aluminium either in white or silver ∙ with laminated Additional lighting solutions for the glass or polycarbonate diffusers ∙ vandal resistant (IK10) ∙ IP67 protection transport sector, made to the same high and available as both Section 12 and non Section 12 ∙ surface mounted specifications, include the M 125 x 90 and or with media trunking systems and bespoke suspensions ∙ Survivor Plus M 200 x 70 Railway Cassette for use with delivers flexibility of installation, high quality materials, superior light T16 or LED technology by output using T16 or LED and ease of maintenance

Selux UK Ltd, 10 Spartan Close, Leamington Spa, CV32 7EF, +44(0)1926 833455 [email protected], www.selux.co.uk

Coyle Rail’s work to date:

London City Project Name At Coyle Rail, we specialise in providing recruitment services Airport Extension and professional personnel throughout the rail network… AMEC Contractor

We are a National supplier of Railway resources with regional offices in Central December 2004 Contract Period London, Walsall, Cardiff, Maidstone (Kent), Reading, Glasgow, Chelmsford and York, to October 2005 with headquarters in Harrow.

Coyle Rail has a team dedicated to training and assessment. This supports our own resources and is also available as a service to other contractors outside of Coyle Rail, offering initial & re certification training and safety critical assessments. Woolwich Arsenal Project Name Extension

Our Managers and Senior consultants all have experience within the Railway Contractor sector and all hold a minimum of a PTS and are IOSH trained. Coyle Rail’s manager, AMEC John Foster was formally a supervisor within DLR’s rolling stock department between 1987 and 1996 and therefore has a vast knowledge on DLR infrastructure. May 2007 to October 2008 Contract Period Working closely with our clients, DLR, Serco Docklands and the many management contractors – including AMEC and Taylor Woodrow, Coyle’s have supplied Labour, Safety Critical and Supervision staff to the system since 2004. DLR 3 Car Capacity Project Name Enhancement This means that you can be confident that Coyle Rail will source the ideal candidate to match your professional and personal requirements. Taylor Woodrow Contractor

4th Floor, Rosebery House, Springfield Road, Chelmsford, Essex CM2 6JE June 2009 to Contract Period Our Chelmsford contact: John Foster 01245 250 711 [email protected] December 2012 www.coyles.co.uk

25 YEARS OF DLR special 49 TAUT_DLR_Coyles_HPAD.indd 1 28/11/2012 10:29 TWENTY-FIVE YEARS OF network GROWTH

The DLR has more than tripled its routes was in the advanced planning stages for As with Lewisham Borough’s drive to from the initial 8.1 miles (13km) opened opening in 2017, with the scale of zoned get the DLR to head south of the Thames, to the public on 31 August 1987. There new housing in the London Riverside area there remain requests from communities are now around 1 500 daily end-to-end related to the line’s installation. Although keen to see the tracks heading their way. train services. Extending the reach of the Dagenham extension was halted, As Jonathan Fox puts it, “It’s a testament to the DLR is only part of the increase in its Jonathan Fox regards it as dormant, with the DLR’s success that people keep drawing capacity across the years. Train and station an understanding (but no legal powers) lines on maps.” Incorporated in his transport extension, signalling upgrades, longer with local boroughs not to encroach on the manifesto in March 2012 as the only operating hours and raised frequencies future route. Four years on from the halt on specific new DLR project, London Mayor have all been part of the 25-year history. progress to Dagenham, “It’s fair to say that it Boris Johnson has asked TfL to assess an TfL claims that the Docklands Light isn’t dead... I still think there is a logic in it; we extension from Lewisham to Bromley. Railway was at its opening “the first fully may come back to it again”. At around 25 minutes expected for accessible railway in the UK, making access Closed due to proximity to the secure area covering the section, this would be a big much easier for people using wheelchairs, of the Olympic Park, Pudding Mill Lane will improvement on the present options or who have other mobility impairments, as again be affected by events as the Crossrail between the south-eastern borough and well as people with young children in prams project requires its space. The station will destinations that the DLR now offers. or with heavy bags.” With lift or ramp access be resited further south and more of the If the DLR’s first quarter-century is a guide and level access to trains, subsequent surrounding single track will be doubled. The however, the future is likely to contain much expansions have retained that quality. new station is due to open in Spring 2014. more that is agreeably unexpected. The DLR was born in a time of financial restraints and the present one is unlikely to be the last in its history. Nevertheless, with the growth and success over the first 25 years there seems little reason to suppose that its coverage has peaked, yet there was an unexpected setback. A GBP750m project to extend east 3.8 miles (6.1 km) from Gallions Reach to Dagenham Dock with five new stations was shelved in November 2008. The scheme

A bove: Tower Gateway’s restricted site became more efficiently used from early 2009 with a single track having separate exit and boarding platforms.

Above left: Before three-car operation became standard, this view shows the Beckton extension in March 2010 from the University of East London Docklands campus.

Left: Pudding Mill Lane closed during London 2012. It will be replaced and re-sited under the Crossrail project.

50 25 YEARS OF DLR special High Performance Routes in Transportation Three ways public transportation providers could achieve high performance

Passengers are no longer passive participants moving from point A to Intelligent systems for vehicle Real-time and passenger behavior communications point B. They are customers with Multichannel consumer raised expectations for a higher level of service, convenience and seamless Sustainability Maximize access to multiple transport modes. planning Demand But, as purse strings tighten, public transport companies must enhance the Drive mobility travel experience on reduced budgets. ecosystem Route rationalization Optimize Against this backdrop, Accenture launched Operations the study “High Performance in Public Revenue Products shaped diversification Transport: How authorities and operators by analytics can go beyond their traditional outcomes.”1 The study identified three key ways public transportation providers can create routes Open data publishing Rethink Business to future success: Model and Align Organization

• Maximize demand for services with real- time mobile and direct communication High Performance Routes for Public Transportation to enable customer interaction, as well as collect and analyze data to drive optimize capacity. In the future, passengers services. Organizations need to build new demand and tailor offerings. may be able to choose seats on modes based business models capitalizing on their key • Improve mobility capacity to cope with on individual preferences and availability strengths. complex passenger flows and scarce and create personal journey plans. Authorities financial resources. and operators may also be able to set These are only a few insights revealed • Go beyond cost cutting to explore dynamic prices to reflect preferences and by Accenture’s research. To explore new business models, new types of actively manage demand. the findings in depth, see the executive collaboration, and reinvent their roles. summary, “Beyond the traditional: 2. Reduce energy costs by deploying Establishing new rules and roles for public Based on these findings, what are some a sustainability plan. transportation:” http://www.accenture.com/ areas that light rail operators, in particular, The pressure to be greener coupled with SiteCollectionDocuments/PDF/Accenture- can focus on to accelerate performance? rising fuel costs have caused many to Beyond-the-Traditional.pdf replace old fleets with newer, more fuel- 1. Implement intelligent systems to efficient equipment. Such investments collect and analyze passenger behavior can be at risk in times of scant public Copyright © 2012 Accenture to drive demand. funding. Alternative initiatives should All rights reserved. Electronic payment systems like e-purses are be explored to meet emissions targets Accenture, its logo, and critical for collecting and analyzing data. while keeping costs down. High Performance Delivered are trademarks of Accenture. They can improve resource allocation, pricing and customer offerings, as well as support 3. Diversify revenue sources through This document is produced by consultants at Accenture as general guidance. It is not intended multimodality. By understanding individual new services. to provide specific advice on your circumstances. passenger movements organizations can also Subsidy cutbacks are transforming how If you require advice or further details on any providers generate revenue, with more matters referred to, please contact your Accenture representative. 1 In 2012 Accenture interviewed 20 C-level executives at transport organizations seeking new major transport authorities and operators across modes and business models and non-fare revenue at independent think tanks in 12 cities around the world. Our research is based on those findings and analysis of streams. Diversifying revenue sources can public information. help limit fare increases and improve A4_Advert:Layout 1 16/11/2012 10:31 Page 1

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