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BYPAD Bicycle Policy Audit Band 010 Forschungsarbeiten des österreichischen Verkehrssicherheitsfonds BYPAD Bicycle Policy Audit Ursula Witzmann – FGM - Forschungsgesellschaft Mobilität Gudrun Uranitsch – FGM - Forschungsgesellschaft Mobilität Graz, Jänner 2012 Österreichischer Verkehrssicherheitsfonds Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie Der effizienteste Weg zur Verbesserung Ihrer Radverkehrspolitik Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen aus dem BYPAD Projekt Endbericht BM:VIT – II/ST2 GZ: BMVIT – 199.528/0001-II/ST2/2006 Berichtszeitraum: 1.1.2006 bis 30.9.2008 Berichterstatter: FGM-AMOR gem. GmbH Ursula Witzmann ([email protected]) Gudrun Uranitsch ([email protected]) Tel.: 0316 / 810 451-17 BYPAD-Plattform wurde gefördert/unterstützt von: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Inhaltsangabe __________________________________________________ 4 2. Abstract _______________________________________________________ 5 3. Zusammenfassung ______________________________________________ 6 4. Executive Summary ____________________________________________ 12 5. Einleitung_____________________________________________________ 17 6. BYPAD: Totales Qualitätsmanagement in der Radverkehrspolitik ______ 18 6.1 Audits und Benchmarking _____________________________________ 18 6.2 Totales Qualitätsmanagement__________________________________ 19 6.3 ISO-Zertifizierung (statische Qualitätskontrolle) ___________________ 19 6.4 EFQM (dynamischer Ansatz) ___________________________________ 19 7. Die BYPAD-Methode____________________________________________ 21 7.1 BYPAD – Ein dynamischer Prozess _____________________________ 21 7.2 Stufen der Entwicklung _______________________________________ 22 8. BYPAD in Europa ______________________________________________ 29 8.1 EU-Projekte _________________________________________________ 29 8.2 BYPAD 1999-2001: Forschung _________________________________ 29 8.3 BYPAD+ 2003-2004: Training und Verbreitung ____________________ 29 8.4 BYPAD-Plattform 2006-2008: Weiterentwicklung der Methode und Verbreitung _______________________________________________________ 29 8.5 BYPAD in Gemeinden, Städten und Regionen ____________________ 30 8.6 Austausch von Radverkehrs-Expertise __________________________ 39 9. Radfahren im europäischen Vergleich: Unterschiede in der Radnutzung und in der Politik __________________________________________________ 44 9.1 Nutzung des Fahrrades in der EU / Beeinflussende Faktoren ________ 44 9.2 Radverkehrspolitik in Europa: Gleichgewicht der Infrastruktur- und Bewerbungsmaßnahmen?___________________________________________ 44 - 2 - 9.3 Radverkehrsanteil als Indikator für die Zusammensetzung der Radverkehrsmaßnahmen____________________________________________ 49 9.4 Gewinner Städte _____________________________________________ 51 9.5 Aufsteiger Städte:____________________________________________ 52 9.6 Beginner Städte _____________________________________________ 53 9.7 Unterschiede zwischen den Ländern? ___________________________ 55 9.8 Werkzeug zur Selbstevaluierung und Voneinander Lernen __________ 57 10. BYPAD: Was wurde erreicht, und was (noch) nicht __________________ 60 10.1 Ergebnisse _________________________________________________ 61 10.2 Herausforderungen / Zukunft __________________________________ 62 11. Literaturverzeichnis ____________________________________________ 64 Cycling, the European approach – Final Report in English 69 Annex I: Literature search bicycle use and influencing factors in Europe Annex II: Portraits of some BYPAD-cities, towns, regions - 3 - 1. INHALTSANGABE BYPAD-PLATTFORM ist ein Nachfolgeprojekt der beiden vorangegangenen EU- Projekte BYPAD (1999-2001) und BYPAD+ (2003-2005), die im Rahmen des SAVE- Programms durchgeführt wurden. Im Projekt BYPAD – Bicycle Policy Audit – ist die Methode für das Qualitätsmanagement lokaler Radverkehrspolitik entwickelt worden. Mit BYPAD+ ist ein Europa weites Netzwerk von BYPAD-Städten und -AuditorInnen aufgebaut worden, die diese Methode einsetzen. Inzwischen wird BYPAD von über 100 Städten und Regionen in 21 europäischen Ländern eingesetzt, begleitet von mittlerweile 58 AuditorInnen aus diesen Ländern. Der BYPAD-Fragebogen liegt in 16 Sprachen vor. Innerhalb weniger Jahre hat sich BYPAD zu einem lizenzierten Zertifizierungssystem entwickelt, das Städten, Gemeinden und Regionen hilft, die Qualität ihrer Radverkehrspolitik zu verbessern und so zur Erhöhung der Verkehrssicherheit beizutragen. BYPAD wendet Techniken des Qualitätsmanagements an. Es wird geprüft, welche Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Radnutzung und Erhöhung der Verkehrssicherheit getroffen worden sind, wie die Radverkehrspolitik organisiert und in die übrige Politik eingebettet ist (Strategien, Führung, Ressourcen) und evaluiert, welche Maßnahmen zur Erhöhung der Verkehrssicherheit getroffen werden. Im Auditprozess spielen PolitikerInnen, VertreterInnen der Stadt- oder Landesverwaltung und örtliche NutzerInnengruppen die zentrale Rolle. Unter Begleitung des externen BYPAD-AuditorInnen-Teams versuchen sie gemeinsam, einen Konsens über den aktuellen Stand der Radverkehrspolitik zu finden und definieren Qualitätsziele für die künftige Radverkehrspolitik. Ergebnis eines BYPAD-Audits sind ein umfassender Evaluationsbericht der bisherigen sowie ein konkreter Qualitätsplan für die künftige Radverkehrspolitik. Bisher hat sich BYPAD vor allem auf mittelgroße bis große Städte konzentriert (ca. 50'000 – 500'000 Einwohner), in BYPAD PLATTFORM wurde der BYPAD-Prozess für Gemeinden und Regionen entwickelt und umgesetzt. Im Rahmen von BYPAD- PLATTFORM wurden außerdem 37 neue BYPAD-AuditorInnen ausgebildet sowie für die bereits bestehenden AuditorInnen ein Expertentraining durchgeführt. Das Netzwerk von BYPAD Gemeinden, Städten und Regionen wurde vor allem mit Schwerpunkt auf die Neuen Mitgliedsstaaten erweitert. Über die BYPAD-Website www.bypad.org, regionale Workshops und internationale Seminare wurde die Möglichkeit zum Austausch von Erfahrungen und Erkenntnissen geschaffen. - 4 - 2. ABSTRACT BYPAD-PLATFORM is a follower project of the two former EC-projects BYPAD (1999-2001) and BYPAD+ (2003-2005), which were funded by the SAVE program. Within the project BYPAD - Bicycle Policy Audit - the methodology for a systematic quality management of local cycling policy has been developed. Within BYPAD+ a European-wide network of BYPAD-cities and auditors has been created. Until the end of the project BYPAD-PLATFORM (2008) more than 100 cities and regions in 21 European countries have conducted a BYPAD process, supervised by 58 auditors. The 3 BYPAD questionnaires are available in 16 languages. Within the last years BYPAD has grown to a recognised certifying system, which supports towns, cities and regions to improve their cycling policy and therefore raise transport safety. BYPAD builds on proven techniques from quality management. Within a BYPAD process an evaluation which measures have already been implemented to improve the cycling situation, how cycling policy is organised and how cycling policy is embedded and itegrated in the whole policy and administrative system (strategies, financial and human ressources,...) takes place. Politicians, representatives of the adminstrative departments and representatives of user groups (daily cylists) are the core players of an Bicycle Policy Audit, an external BYPAD-auditor team is accompanying and supervising the whole process. All together are evaluating the currenty cycling policy and elaborate in a consensual process a quality plan with detailed quality measures for improving the current situation. The concrete result of a BYPAD-audit is a comprehensive evaluation report of the current situation and a quality plan for the future cycling policy. Within the first two research projects (BYPAD and BYPAD+) the focus was laid on mid-sized and large cities (approx. 50´000-500´000 inhabitants), within BYPAD- PLATFORM the process was updated and adapted for towns (less than 50´000 inhabitants) and regions (more than 500´000 inhabitants). Furthermore 37 new BYPAD auditors were trained and an expert training for the already existing auditors was organised. The network of BYPAD-towns, -cities and -regions was extended especially to the New Member States. With the help of the BYPAD-website www.bypad.org, regional workshops and international seminars the possibility of exchanging experiences and expertises was given. - 5 - 3. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG BYPAD-Plattform (BYPAD steht für Bicycle Policy Audit - Radverkehrspolitik-Audit), das letzte von drei EU geförderten Projekten (nach BYPAD und BYPAD+) startete im Jahr 2006 und endete im Jahr 2008. Das übergeordnete Ziel von BYPAD-Plattform war das bestehende BYPAD-Werkzeug für die Anwendbarkeit in Regionen und kleinere Städte (Gemeinden) zu erweitern sowie das Netzwerk der BYPAD- AuditorInnen, der Städte, Gemeinden und Regionen vor allem im zentraleuropäischen Raum sowie in den Neuen Mitgliedsstaaten auszubauen. Im Rahmen des Projektes wurde je ein BYPAD-Werkzeug für Gemeinden, Städte und Regionen entwickelt. Außerdem wurden 37 neue BYPAD AuditorInnen ausgebildet. Für die bestehenden AuditorInnen wurde ein internationales Expertentraining durchgeführt, bei dem die neuesten Erkenntnisse und Erfahrungen im Bereich Radverkehrspolitik ausgetauscht wurden. Mit Ende des Forschungsprojektes, im September 2008, war BYPAD bereits in mehr als 100 EU-Gemeinden, Städten und Regionen, in 21 Ländern angewandt, durchgeführt von 58 zertifizierten AuditorInnen. Gesteckte und erreichte Ziele Ziel des Projektes BYPAD-Plattform war es, durch die Durchführung
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