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Geologic Map of the Frisco Quadrangle, Summit County, Colorado
Geologic Map of the Frisco Quadrangle, Summit County, Colorado By Karl S. Kellogg, Paul J. Bartos, and Cindy L. Williams Pamphlet to accompany MISCELLANEOUS FIELD STUDIES MAP MF-2340 2002 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Map of the Frisco Quadrangle, Summit County, Colorado By Karl S. Kellogg, Paul J. Bartos, and Cindy L. Williams DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS af Artificial fill (recent)—Compacted and uncompacted rock fragments and finer material underlying roadbed and embankments along and adjacent to Interstate 70. Also includes material comprising Dillon Dam dt Dredge tailings (recent)—Unconsolidated, clast-supported deposits containing mostly well- rounded to subrounded, cobble- to boulder-size clasts derived from dredging of alluvium for gold along the Blue and Swan Rivers; similar dredge tailings along Gold Run Gulch are too small to show on map. Dredge tailings were mapped from 1974 air photos; most tailings have now been redistributed and leveled for commercial development Qal Alluvium (Holocene)—Unconsolidated clast-supported deposits containing silt- to boulder-size, moderately sorted to well-sorted clasts in modern floodplains; includes overbank deposits. Clasts are as long as 1 m in Blue River channel; clasts are larger in some side-stream channels. Larger clasts are moderately rounded to well rounded. Includes some wetland deposits in and adjacent to beaver ponds along Ryan Gulch. Maximum thickness unknown, but greater than 10 m in Blue River channel Qw Wetland deposits (Holocene)—Dark-brown to black, organic-rich sediment underlying wetland areas, commonly containing standing water and dense willow stands. Maximum thickness estimated to be about 15 m Qav Avalanche deposits (Holocene)—Unsorted, unstratified hummocky deposits at the distal ends of avalanche-prone hillside in Sec. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Southern California
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Southern California Climate and Vegetation Over the Past 125,000 Years from Lake Sequences in the San Bernardino Mountains A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geography by Katherine Colby Glover 2016 © Copyright by Katherine Colby Glover 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Southern California Climate and Vegetation Over the Past 125,000 Years from Lake Sequences in the San Bernardino Mountains by Katherine Colby Glover Doctor of Philosophy in Geography University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Glen Michael MacDonald, Chair Long sediment records from offshore and terrestrial basins in California show a history of vegetation and climatic change since the last interglacial (130,000 years BP). Vegetation sensitive to temperature and hydroclimatic change tended to be basin-specific, though the expansion of shrubs and herbs universally signalled arid conditions, and landscpe conversion to steppe. Multi-proxy analyses were conducted on two cores from the Big Bear Valley in the San Bernardino Mountains to reconstruct a 125,000-year history for alpine southern California, at the transition between mediterranean alpine forest and Mojave desert. Age control was based upon radiocarbon and luminescence dating. Loss-on-ignition, magnetic susceptibility, grain size, x-ray fluorescence, pollen, biogenic silica, and charcoal analyses showed that the paleoclimate of the San Bernardino Mountains was highly subject to globally pervasive forcing mechanisms that register in northern hemispheric oceans. Primary productivity in Baldwin Lake during most of its ii history showed a strong correlation to historic fluctuations in local summer solar radiation values. -
1 Trans-Sierra Ranges Guide No. 1.6 White Mountain Peak
1 TRANS-SIERRA RANGES GUIDE NO. 1.6 WHITE MOUNTAIN PEAK 14246 FEET CLASS 1 MILEAGE: 275 miles of paved road, 16 miles of excellent dirt road DRIVE: From US Highway 395 at Big Pine, CA. turn right (E) on paved State Route 168. At a fork in 2.2 miles bear left (right will put you on the Waucoba-Saline Valley Road) and drive 10.8 miles to the paved, signed White Mountain Road. Turn left (N) and drive 10.3 miles to the end of pavement at the signed Schulman Grove. Continuing N on the excellent dirt road and following signs toward Patriarch Grove, drive 16 miles to a locked gate at 11680 feet elevation, passing the turnoff for Patriarch Grove approximately 12 miles from the end of pavement. Park. CLIMB: Hike up the road past the locked gate for 2 miles to the University of California's Barcroft Laboratory at 12,400 feet elevation. From the laboratory, continue following the road N for 0.5 miles as it climbs more steeply now to a flat spot at approximately the 12,800 foot level near an astronomical observatory. From this vantage point White Mountain can be clearly seen as the prominent red and black colored peak to the north, 5 miles distant via the road. Continue hiking the road N as it drops slightly to an expansive plateau and then gently rises to a spot just W of point 13189. Here, follow the road as it turns W and drops sharply some 250 feet to a saddle before continuing its long switchbacking path to the summit. -
The High Deccan Duricrusts of India and Their Significance for the 'Laterite
The High Deccan duricrusts of India and their significance for the ‘laterite’ issue Cliff D Ollier1 and Hetu C Sheth2,∗ 1School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009, Australia. 2Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India. ∗e-mail: [email protected] In the Deccan region of western India ferricrete duricrusts, usually described as laterites, cap some basalt summits east of the Western Ghats escarpment, basalts of the low-lying Konkan Plain to its west, as well as some sizeable isolated basalt plateaus rising from the Plain. The duricrusts are iron-cemented saprolite with vermiform hollows, but apart from that have little in common with the common descriptions of laterite. The classical laterite profile is not present. In particular there are no pisolitic concretions, no or minimal development of con- cretionary crust, and the pallid zone, commonly assumed to be typical of laterites, is absent. A relatively thin, non-indurated saprolite usually lies between the duricrust and fresh basalt. The duricrust resembles the classical laterite of Angadippuram in Kerala (southwestern India), but is much harder. The High Deccan duricrusts capping the basalt summits in the Western Ghats have been interpreted as residuals from a continuous (but now largely destroyed) laterite blan- ket that represents in situ transformation of the uppermost lavas, and thereby as marking the original top of the lava pile. But the unusual pattern of the duricrusts on the map and other evidence suggest instead that the duricrusts formed along a palaeoriver system, and are now in inverted relief. -
California's Fourteeners
California’s Fourteeners Hikes to Climbs Sean O’Rourke Cover photograph: Thunderbolt Peak from the Paliasde Traverse. Frontispiece: Polemonium Peak’s east ridge. Copyright © 2016 by Sean O’Rourke. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without express permission from the author. ISBN 978-0-98557-841-1 Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Who should read this .......................... 1 1.2 Route difficulty ............................. 2 1.3 Route points .............................. 3 1.4 Safety and preparedness ........................ 4 1.5 Climbing season ............................ 7 1.6 Coming from Colorado ........................ 7 2 Mount Langley 9 2.1 Southwest slope ............................ 10 2.2 Tuttle Creek ............................... 11 3 Mount Muir 16 3.1 Whitney trail .............................. 17 4 Mount Whitney 18 4.1 Whitney trail .............................. 19 4.2 Mountaineer’s route .......................... 20 4.3 East buttress *Classic* ......................... 21 5 Mount Russell 24 5.1 East ridge *Classic* ........................... 25 5.2 South Face ............................... 26 5.3 North Arête ............................... 26 6 Mount Williamson 29 6.1 West chute ............................... 30 7 Mount Tyndall 31 7.1 North rib ................................ 32 7.2 Northwest ridge ............................ 32 8 Split Mountain 36 8.1 North slope ............................... 37 i 8.2 East Couloir .............................. 37 8.3 St. Jean Couloir -
On the Glaciology of Edgegya and Barentsgya, Svalbard
On the glaciology of Edgegya and Barentsgya, Svalbard JULIAN A. DOWDESWELL and JONATHAN L. BAMBER Dowdeswell J. A. & Bamber. J. L. 1995: On the glaciology of Edgeoya and Barentsoya, Svalbard. Polar Research 14(2). 105-122. The ice masses on Edgeoya and Barentsdya are the least well known in Svalbard. The islands are 42-47% ice covered with the largest ice cap, Edge0yjokulen. 1365 km2 in area. The tidewater ice cliffs of eastern Edgedya are over 80 km long and produce small tabular icebergs. Several of the ice-cap outlet glaciers on Edgeoya and Barentsoya are known to surge, and different drainage basins within the ice caps behave as dynamically separate units. Terminus advances during surging have punctuated more general retreat from Little Ice Age moraines, probably linked to Twentieth Century climate warming and mass balance change. Airborne radio-echo sounding at 60 MHz along 340 km of flight track over the ice masses of Edgeoya and Barentsldya has provided ice thickness and elevation data. Ice is grounded below sea level to about 20 km inland from the tidewater terminus of Stonebreen. Ice thickens from <lo0 rn close to the margins, to about 250 m in the interior of Edgeeiyj~kulen.The maximum ice thickness measured on Barentsjokulen was 270111. Landsat MSS images of the two islands, calibrated to in-band reflectance values, allow synoptic examination of snowline position in late July/early August. Snow and bare glacier ice were identified. and images were digitally stretched and enhanced. The snowline was at about 300111 on the east side of Edgeoyjbkulen, and 50-100 m higher to the west. -
Determinants of Fire Regime Variability in Lower Elevation Forests of The
Determinants of fire regime variability in lower elevation forests of the northern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem by Jeremy Scott Littell A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Land Resources and Environmental Science Montana State University © Copyright by Jeremy Scott Littell (2002) Abstract: Understanding how multivariate influences on fire regime cause changes in the spatio-temporal distribution of fire regimes and fire events is critical to the management of forest ecosystems. Climatic change, land-use change, and changes in vegetation patterns during the 20th century in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem have been documented, and understanding the past fire history of the ecosystem is necessary to gauge uncertainty and opportunity surrounding management decisions. Previous research in Greater Yellowstone has primarily focused on slow-growing forests with fire return intervals of approximately 200-400 years. Relatively little research has focused on lower elevation forests with shorter fire return intervals. I produced three 400-year dendrochronologically precise fire histories in biophysically similar but geographically separate watersheds in northern Greater Yellowstone. The watersheds are primarily composed of lower elevation Douglas-fir (.Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests with smaller components of lodgepole pine {Pirns contortd), subalpine fir {Abies lasiocarpa), Engelmann spruce {Picea engelmannii), and limber pine {Pirns flexilis). I correlated site-specific and regional -
Outlook on Climate Change Adaptation in the Tropical Andes Mountains
MOUNTAIN ADAPTATION OUTLOOK SERIES Outlook on climate change adaptation in the Tropical Andes mountains 1 Southern Bogota, Colombia photo: cover Front DISCLAIMER The development of this publication has been supported by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in the context of its inter-regional project “Climate change action in developing countries with fragile mountainous ecosystems from a sub-regional perspective”, which is financially co-supported by the Government Production Team of Austria (Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Tina Schoolmeester, GRID-Arendal Environment and Water Management). Miguel Saravia, CONDESAN Magnus Andresen, GRID-Arendal Julio Postigo, CONDESAN, Universidad del Pacífico Alejandra Valverde, CONDESAN, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Matthias Jurek, GRID-Arendal Björn Alfthan, GRID-Arendal Silvia Giada, UNEP This synthesis publication builds on the main findings and results available on projects and activities that have been conducted. Contributors It is based on available information, such as respective national Angela Soriano, CONDESAN communications by countries to the United Nations Framework Bert de Bievre, CONDESAN Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and peer-reviewed Boris Orlowsky, University of Zurich, Switzerland literature. It is based on review of existing literature and not on new Clever Mafuta, GRID-Arendal scientific results generated through the project. Dirk Hoffmann, Instituto Boliviano de la Montana - BMI Edith Fernandez-Baca, UNDP The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the Eva Costas, Ministry of Environment, Ecuador views or policies of UNEP, contributory organizations or any Gabriela Maldonado, CONDESAN governmental authority or institution with which its authors or Harald Egerer, UNEP contributors are affiliated, nor do they imply any endorsement. -
From Decades to Epochs: Spanning the Gap Between Geodesy and Structural Geology of Active Mountain Belts
Journal of Structural Geology 31 (2009) 1409–1422 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Structural Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsg From decades to epochs: Spanning the gap between geodesy and structural geology of active mountain belts Richard W. Allmendinger a,*, John P. Loveless b, Matthew E. Pritchard a, Brendan Meade b a Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-1504, United States b Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States article info abstract Article history: Geodetic data from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and from satellite interferometric Received 25 March 2009 radar (InSAR) are revolutionizing how we look at instantaneous tectonic deformation, but the signifi- Received in revised form cance for long-term finite strain in orogenic belts is less clear. We review two different ways of analyzing 31 July 2009 geodetic data: velocity gradient fields from which one can extract strain, dilatation, and rotation rate, and Accepted 9 August 2009 elastic block modeling, which assumes that deformation is not continuous but occurs primarily on Available online 14 August 2009 networks of interconnected faults separating quasi-rigid blocks. These methods are complementary: velocity gradients are purely kinematic and yield information about regional deformation; the calcula- Keywords: Geodesy tion does not take into account either faults or rigid blocks but, where GNSS data are dense enough, GPS active fault zones and stable blocks emerge naturally in the solution. Block modeling integrates known Active tectonics structural geometry with idealized earthquake cycle models to predict slip rates on active faults. Future technological advances should overcome many of today’s uncertainties and provide rich new data to mine by providing denser, more uniform, and temporally continuous observations. -
Lesson 1: Mount Everest Lesson Plan
Lesson 1: Mount Everest Lesson Plan Use the Mount Everest PowerPoint presentation in conjunction with this lesson. The PowerPoint presentation contains photographs and images and follows the sequence of the lesson. If required, this lesson can be taught in two stages; the first covering the geography of Mount Everest and the second covering the successful 1953 ascent of Everest by Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay. Key questions Where is Mount Everest located? How high is Mount Everest? What is the landscape like? How do the features of the landscape change at higher altitude? What is the weather like? How does this change? What are conditions like for people climbing the mountain? Who were Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay? How did they reach the summit of Mount Everest? What did they experience during their ascent? What did they do when they reached the summit? Subject content areas Locational knowledge: Pupils develop contextual knowledge of the location of globally significant places. Place knowledge: Communicate geographical information in a variety of ways, including writing at length. Interpret a range of geographical information. Physical geography: Describe and understand key aspects of physical geography, including mountains. Human geography: Describe and understand key aspects of human geography, including land use. Geographical skills and fieldwork: Use atlases, globes and digital/computer mapping to locate countries and describe features studied. Downloads Everest (PPT) Mount Everest factsheet for teachers -
Robert Costanza, Ph.D
Updated August, 2021 CURRICULUM VITAE Robert Costanza, Ph.D. Table of Contents I. PERSONAL .................................................................................................................................................................... 2 II. EDUCATION ............................................................................................................................................................... 2 III. PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 2 IV. RESEARCH ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 A. AREAS OF PROFESSIONAL EXPERTISE: .................................................................................................................................... 3 B. ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS (688 TOTAL, 610 REFEREED) ................................................................................................. 3 1. Refereed Journal Articles (293) ............................................................................................................................................. 3 2. Books, Monographs, Special Issues, and Refereed Chapters (245) .................................................................... 16 Books (28).........................................................................................................................................................................................................................16 -
United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Bibliographies and location maps of publications on aeromagnetic and aeroradiometric surveys for the states west of approximately 104° longitude (exclusive of Hawaii and Alaska) by Patricia L. Hill Open-File Report 91-370-A 1991 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page General Information.................................................... 2 Arizona................................................................ 4 California............................................................. 18 Colorado............................................................... 41 Idaho.................................................................. 54 Montana................................................................ 67 Nevada................................................................. 80 New Mexico ............................................................. 101 Oregon................................................................. 113 Utah................................................................... 122 Washington............................................................. 135 Wyoming................................................................ 145 Western Area DOE-NURE .................................................. 153 rev. 3-1-91 GENERAL INFORMATION FOR THE AEROMAGNETIC AND AERORADIOMETRIC INDEXES Bibliographies and location maps of selected publications containing aeromagnetic