13-15 October, 2014 Bangkok, Thailand CONTENTS . Introduction . Policy guidance at the ministerial level in Myanmar . Railway Vision of National Transport Development Plan (Rail Sector) . Rail Sector Strategic Policies and Objectives . Asian and ASEAN Highway Network in Myanmar . Trans-Asian Railway Network in Myanmar . Railway Line of International Importance in Myanmar . Railway links to the neighboring countries . Dry Ports of international importance in Myanmar . Regional Cooperation of Myanma Railways . Current situation of Myanma Railways . Conclusion Introduction The transport services in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar consist of four modes:-  Railways  Road  Water  Air

Railways transport services in monopolized by state own transport enterprise Brief History

The first railway line in Myanmar, between Yangon and Pyay, 161 miles apart, was opened on 1st of May 1877. After 137 years, Myanma Railways is still serving its duty of transport for Myanmar people.

4 • Located at the cross roads between East and West, North and South of Asia continent as a natural link between the Asian countries. • Land-bridge connecting Southeast Asia and South Asia as well as with China. • Potential to be a regional hub offering its geographical advantages to neighboring countries to make maximum use. • Beneficial transport linkages across the region. • Actively participating in the international cooperation. • Trying to upgrade and develop transport with her own resources and with an inter agreements with neighboring countries Transport sector in Myanmar is concerned with the following Government Ministries and Committees:- The Ministry of Construction for construction and maintenance of national roads and bridges The Ministry of Rail Transportation for land and rail transport The Ministry of Transport for maritime and air transport The Ministry of Home Affair for Traffic Police Force The Ministry of Border Affairs for construction of roads and bridges in border areas Yangon and Mandalay City Development Committees construction, maintenance and development of urban transport National Transport Development Plan

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is providing the implementation of National Transport Master Plan. Now it is going to be submitted to the government.

Railway Vision of National Transport Development Plan (Rail Sector)

7 Rail Sector Strategic Policies and Objectives

RWY-01 To develop effective asset management measures and mechanisms to fully utilize the existing the existing assets; RWY-02 To rehabilitate the existing rail infrastructure and associated systems along the designated development corridors and to/from major transport nodes to a higher standard; RWY-03 To develop all-weather and disaster-free trunk rail network and services along the designated development corridors; RWY-04 To reduce the number of rail accidents to the level of advanced countries as soon as possible;

RWY-05 To introduce environmentally-friendly technology in the rail infrastructure and rail transport industry; RWY-06 To increase participation of the private sector in developing rail and rail-related infrastructure and businesses such as ICD development and operation and rail-based freight forwarding business RWY-07 To improve MR’s business performance, focusing on the freight transport services RWY-08 To be prepared for early introduction of High speed Railway(HSR) Passenger Service; RWY-09 To encourage and promote business and industrial activities along the rail corridor that are resulted in stable demand of both passenger and freight; and RWY-10 To reduce operational and management costs by streamlining the institutions, the number of staffs, etc.

8 Asian Highway Route Map

- 32 Member Countries - 140479 Km Asian Highway Network in Myanmar

(a) AH 1 - Myawaddy - Payagyi (Bago) - Meikhtila - Mandalay- Tamu(1650 km)

(b) AH 2 - Tachileik - KyaingTong - Meikhtila (807 km)

(c) AH 3 - Mongla - KyaingTong (93 km)

(d) AH 14 - Muse - Lashio - Mandalay (453 km)

(e) Total length (3003 km) Total length 4534 km. Current status of Asian and ASEAN highway in Myanmar  The Intergovernmental Agreement on the Asian Highway Network entered into force in July 2005 and Myanmar had already signed.

 Ongoing project of Asian Highway in Myanmar as follows:-

. Upgrading of Myawaddy-Kawkareik road (AH1)

. Upgrading of Kawkareik-Eindu road (AH1)

. Upgrading of Kalewa-Tamu road (AH1, AH2)

. Upgrading of Yagyi-Kalewa road (AH1, AH2)

. New border link Maesot – Myawaddy between Myanmar and Thailand (AH1)

Trans-Asian Railway Network

Mandalay-Yangon

Mandalay-Lashio [ Muse (border station and break of gauge)-Rueli(China)]

Kalay-[ Tamu (border station and break of gauge)-Jiribam (India)]

Bago-Thanpyuzayat [Three Pagoda Pass- Namtok (Thailand)]

Thanpyuzayat-Ye

Yangon (maritime connection)

Thanphyuzayat

Namtok Railway Lines of International Importance in Myanmar

Existing lines Mandalay-Yangon = 617 km Mandalay-Lashio = 313 km Mandalay-Kalay = 539 km Bago-Thanbyuzayat-Dawei = 520 km Missing lines Kalay-Tamu = 127.4 km** Lashio-Rueli = 141.8 km** Thanbyuzayat-Three Pagoda Pass = 110 km**

** The route lengths of missing lines are referred from feasibility reports Missing link between Myanmar and India

* Conducted by RITES Ltd. 2004-2005 * The scope of the study ¤ New rail link (i) Jiribam-Moreh (219 kms) India (ii) Tamu-Kalay (127.4 kms) Myanmar ¤ Rehabilitation of existing line Kalay-Mandalay (513 kms) Myanmar * The construction cost of the project # Tamu-Kalay  97.68 mil USD. (new line) # Kalay-Mandalay  162 mil USD. (Rehabilitation) * Freight Demand Forecast 2.48 mil tons in 2027-28 * The Financial Analysis Jiribam-Moreh (-) 1.7% Tamu-Kalay (-) 1.2% Combined (-) 1.3% Under optimistic scenario, FIRR could improve to (-) 0.6% * Comparison of transport between Yangon & New Delhi Without Project With Project Transit time 22 days 9 days per TEU cost 2000 USD 800 USD Missing link between Myanmar and China •Joint Survey of MR and CREC: conducted in 2011 July to September. • Memorundem of Understanding signed 2nd December 2011, •1st Extention in 2013 July •Feasibility Study Report submitted by CREC in 2012 April.

* Route Description length (ballast track 488.65 mile + ballast less track 50.54 mile , Total ( 540 miles) 79 stations, 409 nos of bridges, 101 nos. of tunnels, Standard gauge (60kg/m rail continous welded track Single line Maximum speed (120-160 kmph.) Missing link between Myanmar and Thailand

* Conducted by KOICA 2005-2007 * The scope of the study # Thanbyuzayat-Three Pagoda Pass (110 km) (Myanmar) # Three Pagoda Pass-NamTok ( 153 km) (Thailand) * The construction cost for Myanmar side 246.171 mil USD. •Originally, in the Singapore-Kunming Rail Link, Myanmar involves in the missing line of Thanbyuzayat- Three Pagoda Pass that must be connected to Namtok, Thailand. •At present, Dawei - Kanchanaburi is considered to be new spur line instead of old line Three Pagoda Pass - Namtok.  Regarding the signing of the TAR Agreement, what we feel is that we have technical and financial constraints to upgrade the existing railway line in conformity with the guiding principles for technical character eristic of TAR network.  Actually moving dimensions, axle-load, signaling and operating conditions are very poor and too far from the specification of TAR standards.  Though the whole network is necessary to be reconstructed, it is not within our reach at the moment due to our economical constraints.  That is the main reason why we cannot sign the Intergovernmental Agreement for TAR.  Myanma Railways needs sufficient time and large amount of financial supports to upgrade the whole railway network. DRY PORTS OF INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANT IN MYANMAR  Myanmar proposed eight potential locations for dry ports in Myanmar at the meeting of “Ad hoc Intergovernmental Meeting on an Intergovernmental Agreement on Dry Port” held in Bangkok during 20 to 22 June 2012 and signed “the Intergovernmental Agreement on Dry Ports” at the Forum of Asian Ministers of Transport held in Bangkok, Thailand on November 7, 2013.  The potential dry port locations in Myanmar are in Yangon, Mandalay, Tamu, Muse, Mawlamyine, Bago, Monywa and Pyay.TheywouldbealongtheAsian Highway and Trans-Asia Railways Line in Myanmar’s transport network. The dry ports in Mandalay and Yangon are to be primarily implemented. There will be the international tender process for towards construction and the operation of dry port at Ywathagyi (Yangon) and Myitnge (Mandalay) in August 2014. 21 Myanma Railways plans to develop a new potential dry port in the area of Ywarthargyi in Yangon Division.

Ywarthargyi

Thilawa SEZ Myanma Railways plans to develop a new potential dry port in the area of Myitnge in Mandalay Division.

Myitnge Regional Cooperation of Myanma Railways

Myanmar is now conducting the process related to the "Memorandum of Understanding for the Establishment of the Greater Mekong Railway Association" to be signed at the 19th GMS Ministerial Meeting which will be held in Vientiane, Lao PDR on 10th and 11st December 2013. In order to implement the ASEAN Transport Action Plan (ATAP), Myanmar signed the protocol (6): Railway Border and Interchanging Stations under the ASEAN Frame Work Agreement on the Facilitation of Goods in Transit in December 2011, and then "Myanmar has sent the Instrument of Ratification for the Protocol (6) to the ASEAN Secretariat in Jakarta on February 3rd 2014." Current Situation of Myanma Railways Organization

Employees Chart Sanctioned Actual Actual Employees employees as employees as setup on April,2013 on March,2014

Officers 431 333 326

Others 31,622 20,101 19,880

Total 32,053 20,434 20,206

26 Traffic Volume

“Passenger Traffic” In Million

2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- Classification 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

No. of Passenger

Main 34.587 33.741 34.102 31.227 23.577 21.716

Suburban 38.974 37.861 33.548 32.993 30.240 31.144

Total 73.561 71.602 67.650 64.220 53.817 53.190

Passenger/Day 0.200 0.200 0.190 0.18 0.15 0.15

Passenger Mile 3,488.13 3,337.66 3,328.72 3,092.70 2,365.90 2,226.00

27 Traffic Volume

“Freight Traffic” In Million

2008‐ 2009‐ 2010‐ 2011‐ 2012‐ 2013‐ Classification 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Ton Carried 2.95 3.33 3.40 3.58 2.84 2.47

Ton/Day 0.008 0.009 0.009 0.010 0.008 0.007

Ton Miles 573.13 658.25 697.84 721.86 601.90 513.22

Average Lead 193 198 205 202 212 208 Miles/Ton

28 Rolling Stocks “Locomotive Fleet” 2008‐ 2009‐ 2010‐ 2011‐ 2012‐ 2013‐ Type 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Steam Locomotive 37 37 37 37 35 35

Diesel Locomotive (a) Diesel Electric 243 247 252 257 268 268 (b)DieselHydraulic 100 105 135 137 137 137 Diesel Loco Total 343 352 387 394 405 405

Grand Total 380 389 424 431 440 440

Existing Japanese DHL Locomotives of 40 Nos.

29 Rolling Stocks “Rail Bus Fleet” 2008‐ 2009‐ 2010‐ 2011‐ 2012‐ 2013‐ Type 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 LRBE/ DIB (Local) 68 68 68 63 63 63 DMU (Local) 6 6 6 6 6 6 DRC (Local) 2 2 2 2 2 2 RBE (Japan) 83 106 106 118 165 166 Total 159 182 182 189 236 237

30 Rolling Stocks

“Coaches and Wagons” 2013‐ 2008‐ 2009‐ 2010‐ 2011‐ 2012‐ Fleet 2014 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Passenger 1209 1246 1238 1277 1282 1319 Coaches Freight 3252 3427 3331 3236 3210 3374 Wagons

31 (c) Myanma Railways' Network

‘‘ MYANMA RAILWAYS ”

Total Route Length 5,992.13 kms.

Single Track ‐ 5,286.934 kms.(88.23%)

Double Track ‐ 705.196 kms. (11.76%)

Bridges ‐ 11,818 Nos

Tunnels ‐ 12 Nos

Railway Stations ‐ 946 Nos

32 Railways Service

Myanma Railways’ operate an average of 443 trains per day. 198 inter-city passenger trains, 215 suburban trains and 30 freight trains. The number of trains by type is as follows:- Train Type Nos of Train per day As on March, 2014 Passenger Trains Express 42 Mail & Others 66 Mixed 60 Rail Bus 30 Total 198 Yangon Suburban Trains 215 Freight Trains 30 Total Trains 443 Proposed Projects in Myanma Railways (1st Myanmar Development Cooperation Forum) (18th -19th January 2013 )

Myitkyina

Tamu

Kalay

Mandalay

Pyay

Bago

Yangon

Dawei

34 Proposed Projects in Myanma Railway (2nd Myanmar Development Cooperation Forum) (27th –28th January 2014)

Estimated Cost Srl. Project Title US $ Type of Assistance Project Period Location (in Millions) 11 Technical Training and Research Center 5 Grant 2015-2016 Insein Locomotive Workshop, + to Yangon Region Technical Assistance 2020-2021 12 Remanufacturing of 30 Nos. 30 Grant 2014-2015 Insein Locomotive Workshop, Diesel Electric Locomotives to Yangon Region 2019-2020 13 Locomotive Overhauling by 6Grant 2014-2015 Insein Locomotive Workshop, Unit Exchange System + to Yangon Region Technical Assistance 2015-2016 Ywataung Locomotive Workshop, Sagaing Region 14 Extension of Insein Locomotive Depot 20 Grant 2014-2015 Insein Locomotive Depot, for Yangon Circular Train to Yangon Region 2017-2018 15 Replacement of Bogie and Modification 2.5 Grant 2014-2015 Ywataung Locomotive Workshop, for Old Aged Diesel Hydraulic Locomotives (20 to Sagaing Region Nos.) 2015-2016 16 Rehabilitation of the Old Aged 4.5 Grant 2015-2016 Ywataung Locomotive Workshop, Diesel Hydraulic Locomotives (10 Nos.) to Sagaing Region 2016-2017 17 Upgrading the (50) Nos. of Rail Bus Engine (RBE) 2 Grant 2015-2016 Rail Bus Engine Heavy Repair + to Workshop, Technical Assistance 2017-2018 Yangon Region 18 Upgrading and Modernization of 12.5 Grant 2014-2015 Myitnge Carriage & Wagon Carriage and Wagon Repair Workshop to Workshop, 2015-2016 Mandalay Region Estimated Cost Type of Project Srl. Project Title Location US $(in Millions) Assistance Period 19 Upgrading of Signaling System of 10 Grant 2014-2016 Yangon region Yangon Circular Railway Line

20 Improvement of Signaling & 30 Grant 2015-2017 Mandalay region,Sagaing Telecommunication System on region and Kachin State Mandalay-Myitkyina Railway Line 21 Switch and Turnout Production 5Grant2014-2016 Yangon region or Mandalay Unit region

22 Geo-engineering Assistance in 2Grant2015-2017 Magwe region, Sagaing region Pakokku-Gangaw-Kalay Rail Line and Chin State

Total 129.5 On going Projects by External Assistance

 “Yangon-Mandalay Railway Improvement Project Phase I(I) by Japan ODA Loan. The Project on Improvement of Service & Safety of Railway in Myanmar by Japan’s Technical Cooperation Program. The Project for Installation of Operation Control Center System and Safety Equipment by Japan’s Grant Aid

 Yangon Circular Railway Line Upgrading Project (Pre-feasibility) by Japan’s Grant Aid

 Procurement of Rolling Stocks, spare parts, Machines and accessories and Equipment for 3 major workshops by Indian Loan

 Establishment of New Locomotive Workshop and New Carriages & Wagon Workshop by China Loan Activities for Railway Container Transport

 There will be so many processes, huge investment and a long time would be needed to establish the Dry Port

 Railway container transport has to be considered as first step of Dry ports.

 Myanma Railways made a workshop in February, 2014 with officials and stakeholders from Ministries concerned and organizations, associations.

 Based on the outputs of the workshop, Myanma Railways has made conceptual plan for Railway container transport along the Yangon-Mandalay Railway Trunk Line. Myanmar would like to request UNESCAP to Provide the following purposes:-

 To provide fully feasibility studies for Yangon, Mandalay Dry Ports.  To provide the prefeasibility study for other 6 potential Dry Ports places. (Tamu, Muse, Mawlamyine, Bago, Monywa, Pyay)

 To Provide the consulting service on the project of Yangon-

Mandalay Railway Line Containerization.

 To conduct the Capacity Building Training.

 To arrange the study visit to famous Dry Ports in the region. Conclusion

 Economic, Political and social transformation .

 Plans to develop the transportation sector.

 Expecting for more cooperation and integration.

 Local and oversea for better transportation services

to improve. 41