Connaissance Des Kurdes ;-%¥W
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Natural Dyeing Plants in Kurdistan, Iraq Evan Mati
Natural dyeing plants in Kurdistan, Iraq Evan Mati Degree project in biology, Master of science (1 year), 2009 Examensarbete i biologi 30 hp till magisterexamen, 2009 Biology Education Centre and Department of Systematic Biology, Uppsala University Supervisors: Hugo J. de Boer and Lolan Sipan ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………...............1 BACKGROUND…………………………………………………………...…………….…...2 HISTORY OF NATURAL DYES……………………………………………...................2 NOMADIC TRIBES OF KURDISTAN………………………………………………….2 THE SITUATION TODAY……………………………………………………………... 3 THE KURDISH TEXTILE MUSEUM……………………………………………….…..3 MATERIALS & METHODS…………………………………………………………….…..4 STUDY SITES……………………………………………………………………….……4 INTERVIEWS…………………………………………………………………………..4-6 DATA ANALYSIS……………….…………………………………………………….….6 RESULTS……………………………………………………………………………………...7 PILE SORTING………………………………………………………………...………7-9 RANKING………………………………………….…………………………………..…9 INTEVIEWS………………………………………………………….……….……..10-22 DISCUSSION………………………………………………………………………...…..23-24 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………………25 REFERENCES…………………………………………………..………………………26-28 Abstract The use of natural dyes is an old tradition and has been carried out by weaving cultures around the world. In Kurdistan nomadic tribes have been the center of the weaving craft, but all have now abandoned weaving and they are themselves facing cultural assimilation into mainstream Kurdish society. Natural dyes have once played an important role in the life of nomads as they wild-crafted and traded natural dyes for their survival. They learned how to -
KÜRTLER VE KÜRT DİLİ Ahmet BURAN* KURDS and KURDISH
Turkish Studies - International Periodical For The Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume 6/3 Summer 2011, p. 43-57, TURKEY KÜRTLER VE KÜRT DİLİ Ahmet BURAN* ÖZET Kürt sözü, DLT’den itibaren Türkçede hem cins isim olarak hem de etnonim olarak kullanılan bir addır. Türkçe olan Bulgar adının bugünkü Slav Bulgar toplumuna ad olması gibi, Kürt adının da farklı kökenlerden gelen ve karma bir toplum olan Kürtlere özel ad olduğu düşünülebilir. Bu arada Kürtlerin Arap, İrani, Yafetik, Ermeni ve Anadolu yerli kavimlerinden geldiğine dair görüşler vardır. Kürdistan denilen coğrafyanın Zagros dağları civarı olduğu bilinmektedir. Türkiye’deki Kürtler aslında Kurmanç’tır. Kürtlerin Anadolu’daki tarihi, Türklerin Anadolu hâkimiyeti ile paralellik gösterir. Osmanlı devleti ile İran arasında yaşanan Şii-Sünni çekişmesi içinde, Anadolu’daki Alevi Türkmenler İran’a, İran coğrafyasındaki Sünni Türkmen ve Kürtler de Anadolu’ya doğru çekilmiştir. Kürtlerin Türkiye’deki nüfusu kesin olarak bilinmemektedir ve çok farklı sayılar verilmektedir. Kürtçe, genellikle Hin-Avrupa dil ailesinden bir dil olarak değerlendirilir. Ancak Kürtlerin dil değiştirdikleri ve ilk dillerinin başka olduğu birçok araştırmacı tarafından dile getirilmektedir. Kürtçenin karma bir dil olduğu söz varlığında ve gramer yapısında kendini göstermektedir. Kurmançça ve Soranice en önemli lehçeleridir. Zazaca, Kürtçenin bir lehçesi değil ayrı bir dildir. 1965 Genel Nüfus Sayımına göre Türkiye’de nüfusun % 7’sinin ana dili Kürtçedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kürt, Kürtlerin kökeni, Kürdistan, Kürtçe, Kürtçenin lehçeleri KURDS AND KURDISH LANGUAGE ABSTRACT The word Kurd is a name used both as a common noun and ethnonym in Turkish language since DLT. It can be thought that the word Kurd may be a proper noun used for Kurds who are a hybrid community and come from different origins, just like the word Bulgar, which is a Turkish word, has been accepted as a name for today’s Slavic Bulgarian community. -
The Kurdish Nationalist Movement and External Influences
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1980-12 The Kurdish nationalist movement and external influences Disney, Donald Bruce, Jr. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/17624 '";. Vi , *V ^y NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS THE KURDISH NATIONALIST MOVEMENT AND EXTERNAL INFLUENCES by Donald Bruce Disney, Jr. December 1980 The sis Advisor: J. W. Amos, II Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited T19 «—,rob J Unclassified "wi.fy * N°* StCUHlTY CLASSIFICATION r>* THIS »>GI '•*>•« D«t Knlmrmd) READ INSTRUCTIONS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM •f*OAT NUMlf* 2. OOVT ACCCUION MO. J MKCl»lCNT'S CATALOG NUMBER. 4 TiTlE ,«.*Ju »mH) s. TY*e of neponT * rewoo covcncd The Kurdish Nationalist Movement Master's Thesis; and External Influences December 1980 * »I»ro»l»INQ owe. «I»OKT NUMIIR 7. AuTmO*><*> • contract o« chant HumUtnf) Donald Bruce Disney, Jr., LCDR, USN * RfBFORMINO OWOANI2ATION NAME AND >QD*tii tO. *«OG*AM CLEMENT. RBOjECT. T as* AREA * «OMK UNIT NUDUM Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93940 M CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME ANO ADDRESS 12. MFOUT DATE Naval Postgraduate School December, 1980 Monterey, California 93940 II. MUMBER O' WAGES 238 TT MONITORING AGENCY NAME A AOORESSfll if>'M*ml Ifmm Controlling Ottlc*) It- SICURITY CLASS. <al Iftlm report) Naval Postgraduate School Unclassified Monterey, California 93940 Im DECLASSIFICATION/ DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE l«. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of Ihlt *•»•»!) Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 17 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT at (»• •*•„•«( rnrnfm** In #I»c* 20, // dittfmt rrmm Mf rt) IE. SUFFLCMCNTARY NOTES '» KEY *O*0l (Continue em remem »!<*• It r\eceeeiy em* itemttty m, ilect IHMHMMP Kurds, Kurdish Nationalism, Kurdish Revolts, Kurdish Political Parties, Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Sheikh Ezzedin, Abdul Rahman Qassemlu, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, UK, U.S., U.S.S.R., Israel, PLO, Armenians 20. -
Kurds, States, and Tribes
“Kurds, states and tribes”, in Faleh A. Jabar and Hosham Dawod (eds.), Tribes and power: nationalism and ethnicity in the Middle East. London: Saqi, 2002, pp. 165-183. Kurds, states, and tribes Kurds, states, and tribes Martin van Bruinessen Utrecht University At most times, Kurdish society has existed at the periphery of, and functioned as a buffer between, two or more neighbouring states. From c. 1500 until the First World War, the relevant states were the Ottoman Empire in the west and Safavid, later Qajar Iran in the east (with Russia and the British Empire gradually encroaching upon the region from the north and south, respectively). In the aftermath of the World War, Kurdistan was divided among four of the modern would-be nation states succeeding these empires, becoming a peripheral and often mistrusted region in each of them. All these states, whether empire or nation state, have exercised various forms of indirect rule over Kurdistan, which have had a profound impact on the social and political organisation of Kurdish society. The specific tribal formations that existed in Kurdish society in various historical periods were in important respects the products of the interaction of these states with Kurdish society. file:///P|/Igitur%20Archief/acquisitie/actie%20websites/bruinessen/bruinessen_kurdsstatestribes.htm (1 van 40)8-3-2007 16:13:40 Kurds, states, and tribes Continuity and variability Comparison of the names of Kurdish tribes mentioned in various sources over the past four centuries shows that some tribes disappeared while -
Contributionstoa292fiel.Pdf
Field Museum OF > Natural History o. rvrr^ CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF IRAN BY HENRY FIELD CURATOR OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY ANTHROPOLOGICAL SERIES FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 29, NUMBER 2 DECEMBER 15, 1939 PUBLICATION 459 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES 1. Basic Mediterranean types. 2. Atlanto- Mediterranean types. 3. 4. Convex-nosed dolichocephals. 5. Brachycephals. 6. Mixed-eyed Mediterranean types. 7. Mixed-eyed types. 8. Alpinoid types. 9. Hamitic and Armenoid types. 10. North European and Jewish types. 11. Mongoloid types. 12. Negroid types. 13. Polo field, Maidan, Isfahan. 14. Isfahan. Fig. 1. Alliance Israelite. Fig. 2. Mirza Muhammad Ali Khan. 15-39. Jews of Isfahan. 40. Isfahan to Shiraz. Fig. 1. Main road to Shiraz. Fig. 2. Shiljaston. 41. Isfahan to Shiraz. Fig. 1. Building decorated with ibex horns at Mahyar. Fig. 2. Mosque at Shahreza. 42. Yezd-i-Khast village. Fig. 1. Old town with modern caravanserai. Fig. 2. Northern battlements. 43. Yezd-i-Khast village. Fig. 1. Eastern end forming a "prow." Fig. 2. Modern village from southern escarpment. 44. Imamzadeh of Sayyid Ali, Yezd-i-Khast. 45. Yezd-i-Khast. Fig. 1. Entrance to Imamzadeh of Sayyid Ali. Fig. 2. Main gate and drawbridge of old town. 46. Safavid caravanserai at Yezd-i-Khast. Fig. 1. Inscription on left wall. Fig. 2. Inscription on right wall. 47. Inscribed portal of Safavid caravanserai, Yezd-i-Khast. 48. Safavid caravanserai, Yezd-i-Khast. Fig. 1. General view. Fig. 2. South- west corner of interior. 49-65. Yezd-i-Khast villagers. 66. Kinareh village near Persepolis. 67. Kinareh village. -
The Kurdish Tribes of the Ottoman Empire Author(S): Mark Sykes Source: the Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol
The Kurdish Tribes of the Ottoman Empire Author(s): Mark Sykes Source: The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 38 (Jul. - Dec., 1908), pp. 451-486 Published by: Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2843309 Accessed: 07-11-2015 08:29 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Wiley and Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 141.233.160.21 on Sat, 07 Nov 2015 08:29:41 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 451 THE KURDISH TRIBES OF THE OTTOMANEMPIRE. BY MARK SYKES. PREFACE. THEmaterials collected in the ensuing pages are the results of about 7,500 miles of riding and innumerable conversations with policemen, nluleteers, mullahs, chieftains,sheep drovers,horse dealers,carriers and other people capable of giving one first hand information. The results I fear are extreinely meagre, but I hope they may prove of use to future travellers. -
Natural Dyeing Plants in Kurdistan, Iraq
Natural dyeing plants in Kurdistan, Iraq Evan Mati Arbetsgruppen för Tropisk Ekologi Minor Field Study 144 Committee of Tropical Ecology ISSN 1653-5634 Uppsala University, Sweden November 2009 Uppsala Natural dyeing plants in Kurdistan, Iraq Evan Mati TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………….…….. 1 BACKGROUND……………………………………………………………………….…….. 2 History of natural dyes…………...…………………………………………………… 2 Nomadic tribes of Kurdistan………………………………………………………….. 2 The situation today………...………………………………………………………….. 3 The Kurdish Textile Museum………...………………………………………………. 3 MATERIALS & METHODS…...………………………………………………………….… 4 Study sites…………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Interviews…………………………….……………………………………………….. 4 Data analysis………...…………….……………………………………………….…. 6 RESULTS……………………………….……………………………………………………. 7 Pile sorting…….………………………………………………………………...……. 7 Ranking…..…………………………………………………………………………… 9 DISCUSSION………………………………………………………………………….……. 12 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………………..... 14 REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………………. 15 APPENDIX A……………………………………………………………………………….. 18 APPENDIX B……………………………………………………………………………….. 25 APPENDIX C……………………………………………………………………………...... 26 Natural dyeing plants in Kurdistan, Iraq Abstract The use of natural dyes is an old tradition and has been carried out by weaving cultures around the world. In Kurdistan nomadic tribes have been the center of the weaving craft, but all have now abandoned weaving and they are themselves facing cultural assimilation into mainstream Kurdish society. Natural dyes have once played an important -
Willing to Face Death: a History of Kurdish Military Forces — the Peshmerga — from the Ottoman Empire to Present-Day Iraq Michael G
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2005 Willing to Face Death: A History of Kurdish Military Forces — the Peshmerga — from the Ottoman Empire to Present-Day Iraq Michael G. Lortz Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Willing to Face Death: A History of Kurdish Military Forces – the Peshmerga – from the Ottoman Empire to Present-Day Iraq By Michael G. Lortz A thesis submitted to the Department of International Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2005 Copyright © 2005 Michael G. Lortz All Rights Reserved The members of the Committee approve the thesis of Michael G. Lortz defended on 28 October 2005. __________________________ Peter Garretson Professor Directing Thesis __________________________ Burton Atkins Committee Member __________________________ Jonathan Grant Committee Member The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii On a personal note, I would like to dedicate this thesis to my parents, George and Marianne Lortz. Thank you for your support. You have shown a lot of patience in watching me decide what I finally want to do with myself. I know it sounds cliché, but thank you and I love you both. To my brother, my grandparents, and all my other family and friends, thank you for your support and love as well. To Dr. Peter Garretson, thank you for the academic support and leading me in the right direction. -
The Ottoman-Iranian Borderlands: Making a Boundary, 1843–1914 Sabriateş Index More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03365-8 - The Ottoman-Iranian Borderlands: Making a Boundary, 1843–1914 Sabriateş Index More information Index Abadan, 110, 111, 152, 317 Ala-es-Saltanah, 299 Abagha Castle, 58 qA¯ lama¯ra-ye qAbba¯s¯,ı 19 Abbas (Shah), 19 Aleshkerd, 216 Abbas Amanat, 53, 88, 193, 195 Alexander (Tsar), 216 qAbbas Mirza, 45–6, 48–50, 52–7, 59, 70 Algiers Treaty, 108 Abbot, William George, 216 qAli (Sheikh, of Merivan), 174 Abd al-Hussein Tehrani, 197 qAli Akber Khan Sharaf ol-Molk, 206 q q Abd-al-Rah.man Pasha (Baban), 44–7 Ali Ashraf Khan, (hakim of Berdesor), 80 Abdulaziz (Sultan), 198, 214 Ali Efendi (OMoFA), 130 Abdulhamid II (Sultan), 26, 214, 218, qAli Ilahi Kurds, 162 230–2, 250, 262–4 qAli Khan, (Faili), 167, 168, 169, 208 Abdullah Bey, (Pasha) Baban, 25, 53, 57, 71, qAli Khan Makoi, 183 73, 74 qAli Pasha (governor of Baghdad), 43, 44 Abdümecid I (Sultan), 91, 194 qAli Rıza Pasha (governor of Baghdad), Aberdeen (Lord), 117 59–62, 114–16, 154 Abou-el-Haj, Riffat, 14 Alison, Charles, 202 Abu Hanifa, 203 Aman-Allah Khan Bozorg, 37 Adelman, Jeremy, 33 Amasya (Treaty), 20–1 Agence Télégraphique de St. Pétersburg, Amir Nizam (wali of Kurdistan), 256 268, 274 Anatolian Railway Company, 289 Agha Muhammad Khan, 31 Anderson, Benedict, 3–4 Ahidname, 40 Anglo-Iranian telegraph convention, 196 Ahiska, 21 Anglo-Ottoman telegraph convention, 196 ahl-al harb, 53 Anglo-Persian Oil Company, 259–60, 299 Ahmad Shah, 264 Anglo-Persian Oil Syndicate, 289 Ahmed III (Sultan), 104 Anglo-Russian commission. -
Kurmanji Or Kurdish Language
Grammar of the Kurmanji or Kurdish Language E. B. Soane Author of ' To Kurdistan and Mesopotamia in Disguise , etc. LONDON LUZAC & CO. PUBLISHERS TO THE INDIA OFFICE 46 GREAT RUSSELL STREET INTRODUCTORY NOTICE IT is not so long ago that Kurdish was described by travellers as a harsh jargon, a very corrupt dialect of Persian, unintelligible to any but the folk who spoke it naturally; or again by others as an artificial language composed of Persian, Armenian, and Turltish ~zo~ds.It is neither of these. A little research proves it to be as worthy of the name of a separate and developed language as Turkish or Persian themselves. The early Medes and Persians spoke two different languages,Medic or Avestic and STEPHEN AUSTIN SONS, L1.1). Old Persian (that of the inscriptions), but the two tongues PI?INTEl?S,HERTFORD llave grown further apart than was originally the case; and while Persian has adopted almost as great a proportion of Arabic words as our own Anglo-Saxon did of Latin and Greek words to form modern English, Kurdish, eschewing importations, has kept parallel, but on different lines of grammar; and while frequently adopting a phrase or turn of expression from its sister language, has retained an independence of form and style that marks it as a tongue as different from the artificial Persian as the rough Kurd himself is from the polished Persian. The seclusion and exclusiveness which have been its preservation have also been the means of allowing a certain development into dialects in the almost inaccessible mountains which are the home of the Kurdish nation. -
1. Traditional Kurdistan Mωaw
.Ank.r • TURKEY IRAN Mediterranean Sea • Cuy ,l town 4队也 Mountain range EGYPT o 200 m.les SAUDI ARABIA MMWU 1. Traditional Kurdistan MωAW Lake Urmiya • Ushnavia .Miandoab Mt. Dalanpur \ .Mahabad A. Mt. Handrin Ga!ala I \ Ruwanduz 4 1\111. Zoz;c 、.I':II HaiOmran A Betwahta. _町'飞、 3mya、飞 Jebal Sinjar • t1 • Saqqiz • Arbif ~. Oaia-Diza • Baneh Dukan ,I • .Mahvout_ Malouma ~ ~ • Pishdar ..时, Cha 卧 Razan" Chwarta. • .l IRAQ IRAN • ~anjwin .Kirkuk Suliemaniyeh .Sanandaj …… h回 rnational boundary Kifri 阳wn • C;ry I . 050miles Khanaqin ∞ kilometres o 1 . 2. Northern Italy • Erzurum .Sivas .Erzincan .Agri TURKEY .Dersim 也飞鸟 .M 副 atya Md?" Tabriz D,varbaki,• / 气、 . .Siirt Marash Batman Mardin • Urfa .::m6!f1 Ulnll 飞 '..J J 、 ,•----- ~因..‘ b IRAN SYRIA IRAQ 3. South-eastern Turkey Mω Mω ∞ . Sírnak -Hakkari ∞ . Sírnak -Hakkari • Erzurum .Sivas .Erzincan .Agri -Amadiya TURKEY-Amadiya Dersim . Oohuk ..Oo huk 也飞鸟 IRAN IRAN .M 副 atya Md?" KAR KAR Tabriz D,varbaki,• / 气、 . .Siirt Marash Batman 0 Mardin 360 PARALLEl 36 PARALL • Urfa .::m6!f1 Ulnll 飞 '..J El J 、 ,•----- ~因..‘ b IRAN Non-Kurdish Territory Non-Kurdish Territory International houndary …-International houndary SYRIA …-• Clty I lown • Clty I lown I(irkuk 川同叼圳 I(.i rkuk C=J KAR 刷刷h 阳阳n . 刷刷h 阳阳n川同叼圳 C=J KAR IRAQ 01∞ k , lometres 01∞ k , lometres Halab,a Ò sO miles Halab,a Ò sO miles 3.4. SouthKurdish-eastern Autonomy Turkey Region 4. Kurdish Autonomy Region 可 Bibliography The following works are among 由e many 1 have read with profìt and pleas ure, and 1 would like to record my thanks to the authors, editors or com pilers. -
Durham E-Theses Iraqi Kurdistan : an Analysis and Assessment of The
Durham E-Theses Iraqi Kurdistan : an analysis and assessment of the development and operation of the political system. Stansfield, Gareth R V. How to cite: Stansfield, Gareth R V. (2001) Iraqi Kurdistan : an analysis and assessment of the development and operation of the political system. Doctoral thesis, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1205/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Office, Durham University, University Office, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk IRAQI KURDISTAN: AN ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND OPERATION OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM n The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published in any form, including Electronic and the Internet, without the author's prior written consent. All information derived from this thesis must be acknowledged appropriately. GARETH RV STANSFIELD COLLEGE OF ST HILD AND ST BEDE THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF PHD .