DOCSLIB.ORG

Genetics of Sexuality and Population Genetics of Phellinus Weirii

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Genetics of Sexuality and Population Genetics of Phellinus Weirii AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Peter Andrew Angwin for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Botany and Plant Pathology presented onJune 2, 1989 Title: Genetics of Sexuality and Population Genetics of Phellinus weirii Abstract approve dRedacted for Privacy Phellinus weirii (Murr.) Gilbertson, cause of laminated root and butt rot, is a heterothallic basidiomycete lacking clamp connections. Two biological species groups of the fungus have been hypothesized, the Douglas-fir and cedar-types, on the basis of physiological, morphological and epidemiological differences. Single-spore and vegetative isolates differ in cultural morphology, nuclear composition and growth rates, but variation among isolates makes it impossible to accurately identify the ploidy of individuals. Pairings of single-spore isolates in culture produce a wide range of reactions, from formation of darkly pigmented barrage lines to no visible change in morphology. Back-pairings of interacted mycelium from single-spore pairings with completely compatible homokaryons reveal that P. weirii follows a bipolar, multiallelic system of mating compatibility. Single-spore and homokaryon-heterokaryon pairings followed by back-pairings demonstrate the genetic isolation between Douglas-fir and cedar-type isolates, confirming the biological species hypothesis. Existence of a third Asian species is suggested by the lack of interaction of two Japanese isolates with both Douglas-fir and cedar-type tester homokaryons. Protein banding patterns obtained by SDS polyacrylimide gel electrophoresis show overall similarity between the three types but differ at several band locations. The Douglas-fir-type isolates were found on Douglas-fir and six other host species, including western redcedar. The cedar-type isolates were mostly confined to western redcedar, but were also identified on western hemlock and grand fir. The geographic ranges of the Douglas-fir and cedar-type Phellinus weirii overlap in much of the Douglas-fir region, indicating that the emerging biological species groups are likely the result of host specialization rather than geographic separation. Genetics of Sexuality and Population Genetics of Phellinus weirii by Peter Andrew Angwin A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Completed June 2, 1989 Commencement June, 1990 APPROVED: Redacted for Privacy Professor of Botany and Plant Pathology in Charge of Major Redacted for Privacy Head of the Department of Botany nand Plant Pathology Redacted for Privacy Dean of Graduate.. hool Date thesis is presented June 2, 1989 Typed by Maria M.A. Angwin for Peter Andrew Angwin ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the following people for their help and support during my years of work and study at OregonState University: Dr. Everett Hansen, for his help, patience and guidance through good times and bad. It has been a pleasure to work in his lab! Dr. Lewis Roth, Dr. Earl Nelson and Dr. Walt Thies, for their advice and help through the years. Dr. Michael Larsen (USDA Forest Service, Center for Forest Mycology Research, Madison, Wi.) and Dr. Alan Dickman (Dept. of Biology, University of Oregon), for contributingmany of the Phellinus weirii isolates that helped make these studies possible. Dr. Neil Martin (USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Moscow, Id.), for his help during the collecting trips to Idaho. Thanks and grudging respect to Phil Hamm, for keeping the lab running smoothly and for showing me the ins and outs of electrophoresis. My fellow graduate students in forest pathology: Paul Hennon, Paul Hessburg, John Kalafarski, Jeff Witcosky, Barry Goldfarb, Kathy Lewis, Ellen Michaels Goheen and Jim Entry a truly unique group of individuals! All the friends and aquaintances in Corvallis, who have helped make Oregon such a wonderful place to live! My wife Maria, a constant source of love and support, who has had to put up with a lot as I've made my way through graduate school. I don't know if I could have made it without her! My parents, Robert and Pam Angwin, and my "other" parents, David and Eunice Aro, for helping to show Maria and me the way... And finally, to my brother Tim ("I understand most of this!"), to whom this work is dedicated - We Miss You Bro! Table Of Contents Page I. Introduction 1 II. Literature Review 4 Taxonomy 4 Geographic and Host Distribution 6 Epidemiology and Pathology 9 Basidiomycete Life Cycles and Mating Systems 12 Genetics of Sexuality and Population Genetics 14 Biological Species Concept 18 Species Relationships in Phellinus weirii 21 III. Geneticsof Sexuality of Phellinus weirii 26 A. Materials and Methods 26 1. Sources and isolation of vegetative and single-spore isolates 26 2. Distinguishing homokaryons from heterokaryons 27 3. Pairing studies 32 B. Results 35 1. Distinguishing homokaryons and heterokaryons 35 2. Pairing studies 59 a. Intra-basidiocarp pairings 59 b. Inter-basidiocarp, intra-species pairings 68 c. Di-mon pairings 71 d. Back-pairings 74 C. Discussion 82 IV. Biological Species Concept 99 A. Materials and Methods 99 1. Homokaryon-homokaryon pairings 99 2. Homokaryon-heterokaryon pairings 101 3. Electrophoresis 102 4. Cultural morphology and growth rates 104 B. Results 104 1. Homokaryon-homokaryon pairings 104 2. Homokaryon-heterokaryon pairings 115 3. Electrophoresis 125 4. Cultural morphology and growth rates 130 C. Discussion 135 V. Summary and Conclusions 148 VI. Literature Cited 155 Table Of Contents (Cont.) Page VII. Appendices A. Identification name, host species, source location, name of collector and date collected of the Phellinus weirii isolates assembled as stock cultures 164 B. List of isolates used in experiments to examine the genetics of sexuality and population genetics of Phellinus weirii 169 List of Figures Figure Page 1 ISCC-NBS method of determining pigmentation colors of 29 Phellinus weirii isolates. 2 Rating scheme to assess the strength of interaction 34 lines in pairings of Phellinus weirii isolates. 3 Color analysis at 13 and 42 days of 47 homokaryotic 36 and 29 heterokaryotic isolates of Phellinus weirii grown on 3% malt agar at 22 C. 4 Electrophoresis Gel #1 Electrophoretic banding 50 patterns of total protein extracts of single-spore and vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 5 Electrophoresis Gel #2 - Electrophoretic banding 51 patterns of total protein extracts of single-spore and vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 6 Electrophoresis Gel #3 - Electrophoretic banding 52 patterns of total protein extracts of single-spore and vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 7 Electrophoresis Gel #4 - Electrophoretic banding 53 patterns of total protein extracts of single-spore and vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 8 Variety of line and pigmentation reactions observed 67 in single-spore isolate pairings of Phellinus weirii. 9 Interaction lines obtained in di-mon pairings of 73 Phellinus weirii. 10 Heterokaryon formation in selected S8 x 134696 83 pairings of Phellinus weirii as revealed by back-pairing with the same homokaryons used in the initial pairings. 11 Drawing of DAPI-stained nucleus of Phellinus weirii 86 homokaryon MP2-2 passing through a cytoplasmic bridge between adjacent cells. 12 Homokaryon-homokaryon pairing combinations performed 100 among and between host/geographic groups of Phellinus weirii. List of Figures (Cont.) Figure Pa e 13 Electrophoresis Gel #5 - Electrophoretic banding 126 patterns of total protein extracts of Douglas-fir and cedar-type vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 14 Electrophoresis Gel #6 - Electrophoretic banding 127 patterns of total protein extracts of Douglas-fir, cedar and Japanese-type vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 15 Electrophoresis Gel #7 - Electrophoretic banding 128 patterns of total protein extracts of Douglas-fir, cedar and Japanese-type vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 16 Electrophoresis Gel #8 - Electrophoretic banding 129 patterns of total protein extracts of Douglas-fir, cedar and Japanese-type vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 17 Color analysis at 13 days of 26 Douglas-fir, 13 132 cedar, and 3 Japanese-type isolates of Phellinus weirii grown on 3% malt agar at 22 C. 18 Color analysis at 42 days of 26 Douglas-fir, 13 133 cedar, and 3 Japanese-type isolates of Phellinus weirii grown on 3% malt agar at 22 C. 19 Results of homokaryon-homokaryon pairings among 137 and between host/geographic groups of Phellinus weirii. 20 Geographic distribution of Douglas-fir and cedar- 143 type vegetative isolates of Phellinus weirii. 21 Proposed phylogenetic scheme for the evolution of 147 the biological species groups of Phellinus weirii. List of Tables Table Page 1 Colony morphology of homokaryons and heterokaryons 38 of Phellinus weirii grown on 3% agar at 22 C. 2 Growth rates of homokaryons and heterokaryons of 39 Phellinus weirii grown on 3% agar at 22 C. 3 Nuclear condition of vegetative cells of homokaryons 41 and heterokaryons of Phellinus weirii treated with the fluorescent stains DAPI and calcifluor. 4 Distribution of nuclei in vegetative cells of 42 homokaryons and heterokaryons of Phellinus weirii treated with the fluorescent stains DAPI and calcifluor. 5 Nuclear condition of tip cells of homokaryons and 43 heterokaryons of Phellinus weirii treated with the fluorescent stains DAPI and calcifluor. 6 Distribution of nuclei in tip cells of homokarycns 44 and heterokaryons of Phellinus weirii treated with the fluorescent stains DAPI and calcifluor. 7 Distribution of nuclei tip cells of homokaryons and 45 heterokaryons of Phellinus weirii from various hosts as revealed by treatment with the fluorescent stains DAPI and calcifluor. 8 Numbers of nuclei in DAPI-stained basidiospores from 46 basidiocarps on western redcedar collected at Solo Creek and Priest Lake, Idaho. 9 Identification of the karyology of 28 Phellinus weirii 49 isolates by counting nuclei in 10 tip cells treated with DAPI and calcifluor. 10 Similarity of protein banding patterns of total 55 protein extracts of Phellinus weirii homokaryons and heterokaryons as revealed by SDS-polyacrylimide gel electrophoresis. 11 Single-spore and di-mon pairings to determine the 60 genetics of sexuality of Phellinus weirii.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Common Name Image Library Partners for Australian Biosecurity
    1. PaDIL Species Factsheet Scientific Name: Phellinus sulphurascens Pilát Basidiomycetes Common Name Laminated root rot Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/Pest/Main/136619 Image Library Australian Biosecurity Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/ Partners for Australian Biosecurity image library Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment https://www.awe.gov.au/ Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia https://dpird.wa.gov.au/ Plant Health Australia https://www.planthealthaustralia.com.au/ Museums Victoria https://museumsvictoria.com.au/ 2. Species Information 2.1. Details Specimen Contact: Dr Jose R. Liberato - [email protected] Author: Liberato JR Citation: Liberato JR (2006) Laminated root rot(Phellinus sulphurascens )Updated on 7/23/2016 Available online: PaDIL - http://www.padil.gov.au Image Use: Free for use under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY- NC 4.0) 2.2. URL Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/Pest/Main/136619 2.3. Facets Status: Exotic Regulated Pest - absent from Australia Group: Fungi Commodity Overview: Forestry Commodity Type: Timber Distribution: USA and Canada, South and South-East Asia 2.4. Other Names Inonotus heinrichii (Pilát) Bondartsev & Singer Inonotus sulphurascens (Pilát) M. Larsen, Lombard & Clark Phellinidium sulphurascens (Pilát) Y.C. Dai Phellinus weirii (Murrill) Gilb. pro parte Xanthochrous glomeratus subsp. heinrichii Pilát Xanthochrous heinrichii f. nodulosus Pilát 2.5. Diagnostic Notes Symptoms The fungus penetrates the root of Douglas-fir through intact bark and initiates decay in the xylem. Symptoms are not unlike those caused by other root pathogens.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative and Population Genomics Landscape of Phellinus Noxius
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/132712; this version posted September 17, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Comparative and population genomics landscape of Phellinus noxius: 2 a hypervariable fungus causing root rot in trees 3 4 Chia-Lin Chung¶1,2, Tracy J. Lee3,4,5, Mitsuteru Akiba6, Hsin-Han Lee1, Tzu-Hao 5 Kuo3, Dang Liu3,7, Huei-Mien Ke3, Toshiro Yokoi6, Marylette B Roa3,8, Meiyeh J Lu3, 6 Ya-Yun Chang1, Pao-Jen Ann9, Jyh-Nong Tsai9, Chien-Yu Chen10, Shean-Shong 7 Tzean1, Yuko Ota6,11, Tsutomu Hattori6, Norio Sahashi6, Ruey-Fen Liou1,2, Taisei 8 Kikuchi12 and Isheng J Tsai¶3,4,5,7 9 10 1Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan 11 2Master Program for Plant Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan 12 3Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 13 4Biodiversity Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and 14 National Taiwan Normal University 15 5Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University 16 6Department of Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 17 Tsukuba, Japan 18 7Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia 19 Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 20 8Philippine Genome Center, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines 21 1101
    [Show full text]
  • PROCEEDINGS of the 25Th ANNUAL WESTERN INTERNATIONAL FOREST DISEASE WORK CONFERENCE
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25th ANNUAL WESTERN INTERNATIONAL FOREST DISEASE WORK CONFERENCE Victoria, British Columbia September 1977 Proceedings of the 25th Annual Western International Forest Disease Work Conference Victoria, British Columbia September 1977 Compiled by: This scan has not been edited or customized. The quality of the reproduction is based on the condition of the original source. Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Western International Forest Disease Work Conference Victoria, British Columbia September 1977 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Forward Opening Remarks, Chairman Don Graham 2 Memorial Statement - Stuart R. Andrews 3 Welcoming Address: Forest Management in British Columbia with Particular Reference to the Province's Forest disease Problems Bill Young 5 Keynote Address: Forest Diseases as a Part of the Forest Ecosystem Paul Brett PANEL: REGULATORY FUNCTIONS OF DISEASES IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS 10 Introduction to Regulatory Functions of Diseases in Forest Ecosystems J. R. Parmeter 11 Relationships of Tree Diseases and Stand Density Ed F. Wicker 13 Forest Diseases as Determinants of Stand Composition and Forest Succession Earl E. Nelson 18 Regulation of Site Selection James W. Byler 21 Disease and Generation Time J. R. Parmeter PANEL: INTENSIVE FOREST MANAGEMENT AS INFLUENCED BY FOREST DISEASES 22 Dwarf Mistletoe and Western Hemlock Management K. W. Russell 30 Phellinus weirii and Intensive Management Workshops as an aid in Reaching the Practicing Forester G. W. Wallis 33 Fornes annosus in Second-Growth Stands Duncan Morrison 36 Armillaria mellea and East Side Pine Management Gregory M. Filip 39 Thinning Second Growth Stands Paul E. Aho PANEL: KNOWLEDGE UTILIZATION IN WESTERN FOREST PATHOLOGY 44 Knowledge Utilization in Western Forest Pathology R Z.
    [Show full text]
  • Workshop Meeting Agenda Monday, September 18, 2017, 7:00 PM City Hall Council Chambers, 898 Elk Drive, Brookings, OR 97415 1
    Workshop Meeting Agenda Monday, September 18, 2017, 7:00 PM City Hall Council Chambers, 898 Elk Drive, Brookings, OR 97415 1. Call To Order 2. Roll Call 3. Topics a. Azalea Park Tree Removal Documents: AZALEA PARK TREE REMOVAL CWR.PDF AZALEA PARK TREE REMOVAL.ATT.A.ARBORIST REPORT.PDF AZALEA PARK TREE REMOVAL.ATT.B.COST ESTIMATE.PDF AZALEA PARK TREE REMOVAL.ATT.C.ARTICLE.PDF AZALEA PARK TREE REMOVAL.ATT.D.PRESS RELEASE.PDF b. Submitted Materials Documents: 1.2014 FIELD GUIDE FOR HAZARD TREE ID_STELPRD3799993.PDF 2.LONG RANGE PLANNING FOR DEVELOPED SITES.PDF 3.TRIGLIA INPUT EMAIL.PDF 4.TRIGLIA INPUT EMAIL ATTACHMENT.PDF 5.ASHDOWN QUESTIONS FOR FRENCH.PDF 4. Adjournment All public meetings are held in accessible locations. Auxiliary aids will be provided upon request with at least 72 hours advance notification. Please contact 469-1102 if you have any questions regarding this notice. for the greatest good Field Guide for Hazard-Tree Identification and Mitigation on Developed Sites in Oregon and Washington Forests 2014 Non-Discrimination Policy The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the bases of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religión, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/ or employment activities.) To File an Employment Complaint If you wish to file an employment complaint, you must contact your agency’s EEO Counselor (click the hyperlink for list of EEO counselors) within 45 days of the date of the alleged discriminatory act, event, or in the case of a personnel action.
    [Show full text]
  • Phellinus Sulphurascens and the Closely Related P
    Mycologia, 86(1), 1994, pp. 121-130. Phellinus sulphurascens and the closely related P. weirii in North America Michael J. Larsen1 cedar as “perennial P. weirii. ” Clark (1958) deter- Francis F. Lombard mined that “cedar isolates” and “noncedar isolates” Joseph W. Clark may be separated on the basis of cultural character- U.S. Department ofAgriculture, Forest Service, Forest istics. However, Nobles (1948, 1965) did not distinguish Products Laboratory,2 One Gifford Pinchot Drive, the two forms in axenic culture. Angwin (1989) and Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2398 Angwin and Hansen (1989, in press) developed a back- pairing method to determine compatibility in mono- karyon-monokaryon and monokaryon-heterokaryon Abstract: Monokaryotic isolates of Phellinus sulphur- (di-mon) pairings and demonstrated a high degree of ascens, a fungus originally described from the Primorsk genetic isolation (incompatibility) between the western Territory, Russia, are compatible with monokaryotic redcedar and Douglas-fir forms. Protein banding pat- isolates of, what has been called in North America, terns obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the Douglas-fir form of P. weirii. Phellinus weirii, orig- (SDS-PAGE) further demonstrated the genetic differ- inally described from Idaho as a root and stem decay ences between the two groups. However, because ex- fungus of western redcedar, is not compatible with amples of partial compatibility were observed in some monokaryotic isolates of P. sulphurascens or the Doug- monokaryon-monokaryon pairings, Angwin and Han- las-fir form of P. weirii. Differences between P. sul- sen (1989, in press) concluded that the groups are best phurascens and P. weirii are noted. Observations on referred to as “intersterility groups.” Banik et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Laminated Root Rot in a Western Washington Plantation: 8-Year Mortality and Growth of Douglas-Fir As Related to Infected Stumps, Tree Density, and Fertilization
    United States Department of Laminated Root Rot in a Western Agriculture Washington Plantation: 8-Year Forest Service Mortality and Growth of Douglas- Pacific Northwest Research Station Fir as Related to Infected Stumps, Research Paper PNW-RP-569 Tree Density, and Fertilization November 2006 Richard E. Miller, Timothy B. Harrington, Walter G. Thies, and Jeff Madsen The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the national forests and national grasslands, it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800) 795- 3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the 55Th Annual Western International Forest Disease Work Conference
    Proceedings of the 55th Annual Western International Forest Disease Work Conference Radisson Poco Diablo Resort Sedona, Arizona October 15 to 19, 2007 Compiled by: Michael McWilliams Oregon Department of Forestry Insect and Disease Section Salem, Oregon Proceedings of the 55th Annual Western International Forest Disease Work Conference Radisson Poco Diablo Resort Sedona, Arizona October 15 to 19, 2007 Compiled by: Michael McWilliams Oregon Department of Forestry Insect and Disease Section Salem, Oregon & Patsy Palacios S.J. and Jessie E. Quinney Natural Resources Research Library College of Natural Resources Utah State University, Logan 2008, WIFDWC These proceedings are not available for citation of publication without consent of the authors. Papers are formatted with minor editing for formatting, language, and style, but otherwise are printed as they were submitted. The authors are responsible for content. SPECIAL THANKS! Photos were taken by John Schwandt, Michael McWilliams, Pete Angwin, Rona Sturrock and Walt Thies i TABLE OF CONTENTS Program 1 Achievement Awards 2006 Outstanding Achievement Award Dr. Bart Van der Kamp 3 2006 Outstanding Achievement Award Alan Kanaskie 8 2007 Outstanding Achievement Award Dr. Richard S. Hunt 9 Pre-Meeting Session- Forest Disease and Climate Change in Western Forests: What do we know; What Do We Need to Find Out? Abiotic Diseases and Climate Change John Kliejunas 11 Canker Diseases and Climate Change John Kliejanas 12 Climate and Forest Declines in Western North America Paul Hennon 13 Effects of Climate Change on Wood Decay: Heart Rot and Sap Rot J.A. Micales Glaeser 14 Climate and Foliar Diseases Jeffrey Stone 15 Phytophthoras/Climate/Climate Change Ellen Goheen 16 Root Disease and Climate Change Mee-Sook Kim 17 General Consideration, Dwarf Mistletoe and Stem Rusts B.W.
    [Show full text]
  • Danville-Georgetown Open Space Forest Stewardship Plan
    Danville-Georgetown Open Space Forest Stewardship Plan March 2014 _______________________________________ Kevin Brown, Director Parks and Recreation Division Report produced by: King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Parks and Recreation Division Water and Land Resources Division 201 South Jackson Street, Suites 700/600 Seattle, WA 98104-3855 (206) 477-4527 Suggested citation for this report: King County. 2014. Danville-Georgetown Open Space. Forest Stewardship Plan. King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks, Parks and Recreation Division, Water and Land Resources Division, Seattle, Washington. 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ 2 Executive Summary ………………………………………………………………………………4 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………… 5 General Property Information ..........................................................................................................5 History and Acquistion ................................................................................................................ 6 Surrounding land Use …………………………………………………………………………..7 Access …………………………………………………………………………………………..7 Easements .................................................................................................................................... 8 Natural Resource Analysis ...............................................................................................................8 Natural Resource
    [Show full text]
  • A Field Guide to Diseases and Insect Pests of Northern and Central
    2013 Reprint with Minor Revisions A FIELD GUIDE TO DISEASES & INSECT PESTS OF NORTHERN & CENTRAL ROCKY MOUNTAIN CONIFERS HAGLE GIBSON TUNNOCK United States Forest Service Department of Northern and Agriculture Intermountain Regions United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service State and Private Forestry Northern Region P.O. Box 7669 Missoula, Montana 59807 Intermountain Region 324 25th Street Ogden, UT 84401 http://www.fs.usda.gov/main/r4/forest-grasslandhealth Report No. R1-03-08 Cite as: Hagle, S.K.; Gibson, K.E.; and Tunnock, S. 2003. Field guide to diseases and insect pests of northern and central Rocky Mountain conifers. Report No. R1-03-08. (Reprinted in 2013 with minor revisions; B.A. Ferguson, Montana DNRC, ed.) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Northern and Intermountain Regions; Missoula, Montana, and Ogden, Utah. 197 p. Formated for online use by Brennan Ferguson, Montana DNRC. Cover Photographs Conk of the velvet-top fungus, cause of Schweinitzii root and butt rot. (Photographer, Susan K. Hagle) Larvae of Douglas-fir bark beetles in the cambium of the host. (Photographer, Kenneth E. Gibson) FIELD GUIDE TO DISEASES AND INSECT PESTS OF NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ROCKY MOUNTAIN CONIFERS Susan K. Hagle, Plant Pathologist (retired 2011) Kenneth E. Gibson, Entomologist (retired 2010) Scott Tunnock, Entomologist (retired 1987, deceased) 2003 This book (2003) is a revised and expanded edition of the Field Guide to Diseases and Insect Pests of Idaho and Montana Forests by Hagle, Tunnock, Gibson, and Gilligan; first published in 1987 and reprinted in its original form in 1990 as publication number R1-89-54.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Rickenella Fibula</I>
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2017 Stable isotopes, phylogenetics, and experimental data indicate a unique nutritional mode for Rickenella fibula, a bryophyte- associate in the Hymenochaetales Hailee Brynn Korotkin University of Tennessee, Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Evolution Commons Recommended Citation Korotkin, Hailee Brynn, "Stable isotopes, phylogenetics, and experimental data indicate a unique nutritional mode for Rickenella fibula, a bryophyte-associate in the Hymenochaetales. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2017. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4886 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Hailee Brynn Korotkin entitled "Stable isotopes, phylogenetics, and experimental data indicate a unique nutritional mode for Rickenella fibula, a bryophyte-associate in the Hymenochaetales." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Ecology
    [Show full text]
  • A Molecular Phylogeny for the Hymenochaetoid Clade
    Mycologia, 98(6), 2006, pp. 926–936. # 2006 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Hymenochaetales: a molecular phylogeny for the hymenochaetoid clade Karl-Henrik Larsson1 the Hymenochaetaceae forms a distinct clade but Department of Plant and Molecular Sciences, Go¨teborg unfortunately all morphological characters support­ University, Box 461, SE 405 30 Go¨teborg, Sweden ing Hymenochaetaceae also are found in species Erast Parmasto outside the clade. Other subclades recovered by the Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, molecular phylogenetic analyses are less uniform, and Estonian University of Life Sciences, 181 Riia Street, the overall resolution within the nuclear LSU tree 51014 Tartu, Estonia presented here is still unsatisfactory. Key words: Basidiomycetes, Bayesian inference, Michael Fischer Blasiphalia, corticioid fungi, Hyphodontia, molecu­ Staatliches Weinbauinstitut, Merzhauser Straße 119, D-79100 Freiburg, Germany lar systematics, phylogeny, Rickenella Ewald Langer INTRODUCTION Universita¨t Kassel, FB 18 Naturwissenschaft, FG ¨ Okologie, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, D-34132 Kassel, Morphology.—The hymenochaetoid clade, herein also Germany called the Hymenochaetales, as we currently know it Karen K. Nakasone includes many variations of the fruit body types USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, known among homobasidiomycetes (Agaricomyceti­ 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53726 dae). Most species have an effused or effused-reflexed Scott A. Redhead basidioma but a few form stipitate mushroom-like ECORC, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, CEF, (agaricoid), coral-like (clavarioid) and spathulate to Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6 Canada rosette-like basidiomata (FIG. 1). The hymenia also are variable, ranging from smooth, to poroid, lamellate or somewhat spinose (FIG. 1). Such fruit Abstract: The hymenochaetoid clade is dominated body forms and hymenial types at one time formed by wood-decaying species previously classified in the the basis for the classification of fungi.
    [Show full text]
  • FIELD GUIDE to FOREST DAMAGE in British Columbia
    FIELD GUIDE TO FOREST DAMAGE in British Columbia 3RD REVISED EDITION Field Guide to the Pests of Managed Forests in British Columbia (1983) Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the Government of British Columbia of any product or service to the exclusion of any others that may also be suitable. Contents of this report are presented for discussion purposes only. Funding assistance does not imply endorsement of any statements or information contained herein by the Government of British Columbia. Uniform Resource Locators (urls), addresses, and contact information contained in this document are current at the time of printing unless otherwise noted. Print edition: ISBN 978-0-7726-6819-6 Electronic/PDF edition: ISBN 978-0-7726-6819-6 Citation Burleigh, J., T. Ebata, K.J. White, D. Rusch and H. Kope. (Eds.) 2014. Field Guide to Forest Damage in British Columbia (Joint publication, ISSN 0843-4719 ; no. 17) Authors’ affiliation Jennifer Burleigh, Tim Ebata and Harry Kope B.C. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations Resource Practices Branch, Victoria, B.C. Ken White B.C. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations Skeena Region, Smithers, B.C. David Rusch B.C. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations Cariboo Region, Williams Lake, B.C. Copies of this report may be obtained from: Crown Publications, Queen’s Printer PO Box 9452 Stn Prov Govt Victoria, BC v8w 9v7 1-800-663-6105 | www.crownpub.bc.ca For information on other publications in this series, visit www.for.gov.bc.ca/scripts/hfd/pubs/hfdcatalog/index.asp © 2014 Province of British Columbia When using information from this report, please cite fully and correctly.
    [Show full text]