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Transportation Plan New Production Reactor at the ' Hanford Site

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Transportation Plan New Production Reactor at the ' Hanford Site " • l' 0014733 WHC-EP-0340 Copy No. S43 Transportation Plan New Production Reactor at the ' Hanford Site RECORD COPY Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of New Production Reactors \ ~ Westinghouse · ~ Hanford Cmnpany Richland, Washington Hanford Openmons and Engineering Contractcr for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-87RL10930 Approved for Public Release .. " LEGAL DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of ·; their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or any third party's use or the results of such use of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, proc:ess, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof or its contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not nece&&arily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. This report has been reproduced from the best available copy . Available in paper copy and microfiche. Available to the U.S. Department.of Energy and its contractors from Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 (615) 576-8401 Available to the public from the U.S. Department of Commerce National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 (703) 487-4650 PrinlN in the IJMlcl SlalN of M•iOI ., DISCLM-1.CHP (1-91 ) WHC-EP-0340 Transportation Plan New Production Reactor at the Hanford Site P. M. Daling R. A. Evans C. D. Hansen Date Published March 1991 /22;:,-<1 "- ~. /99I HA0~---~-. W. Heacock, Manager Date ' Reactor Advanced Projects Westinghouse·Hanford Company Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of New Production Reactors ~ Westinghouse P.O. Box 1970 \.::) Hanford Company Richland, Washington 99352 Hanford Operations and Engineering Contractor for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-87RL 10930 Approved for Public Release WHC-EP-0340 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report was prepared in support of the New Production Reactor (NPR) Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and provides informat ion necessary to characterize the onsite transportation impacts associated with siting an NPR at the Hanford Site (Hanford). The document presents descriptive information on the transportation network (including highway, rail, and barge transport modes), as well as Hanford traffic statistics. Traffic statistics are presented for calendar year 1988 (CY 1988) as representative of annual traffic statistics for Hanford. This document also presents estimates of the radiological impacts of siting an NPR at Hanford. Radiological impacts are presented in terms of the radiological doses to the population surrounding the site and to maximally exposed individuals from routine (incident-free) transport of radioactive materials as well as the radiological risks to the population and radiological consequences of bounding accidents involving tritium fuel cycle materials. Transportation impact data are presented for three NPR technology options, including light water reactor (LWR), heavy water reactor (HWR), and modular high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (MHTGR) technologies. Hanford has an extensive highway and rail network that links the outer areas of the site, including the 200 East Area, 400 Area, and Skagit/Hanford Site in which the NPR facilities ·are planned to be located. A significant inventory of rail and truck equipment is also located at the site. The existing rail and highway network ·has seen extensive use, including simultaneous construction of three commercial nuclear reactors, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) research reactor, the N Reactor, and associated chemical processing facilities. Based on past experience, it is i i i WHC-EP-0340 judged that few, if any, improvements to Hanford transportation network will be necessary to support operation of the NPR and associated facilities. This document describes the types and characteristics of radioactive material shipments that are projected for the NPR and assoc i ated tritium fuel cycle. These data formed the basis for the radiological impact calculations. Radiological routi~e doses to the public and workers from onsite shipments of radioactive materials were estimated using the RADTRAN III computer code. RADTRAN III calculates routine doses to truck and rail crew members, persons in passing vehicles, persons while the shipments are stopped, and to persons along the shipping routes that are near the shipments whi l e the vehicle passes by. The routine doses that were estimated to result from operation of the NPR are presented below. • The total annual collective doses to truck drivers and rail crew members were estimated to be 1.2 person-rem/yr for LWR technology, 1.4 person-rem/yr for HWR technology, and 3.1 person-rem/yr for MHTGR technology. The total integrated dose to these persons over the operating lifetime of the NPR and associated facilities was estimated to be 48 person-rem, 56 person-rem, and 124 person-rem for LWR, HWR, and MHTGR technologies, respectively. • The total annual collective doses to members of the public were estimated to be about 0.06, 0.12, and 0.3 person-rem/yr fo r LWR, HWR , and MHTGR technologies, respectively. The total integrated dose to these persons over the operating lifetime of the NPR and iv WHC-EP-0340 associated facilities was estimated to be 2.4 person-rem (LWR), 4.8 person-rem (HWR), and 12 person- rem (MH TGR) . These estimates are small fractions of the 70 to 95 person-rem/yr exposures rece i ved by the same populati on as a result of natural background radiation . Separate calculations to those performed by RADTRAN III were performed to estimate the annual doses to the maximum exposed individuals. Because this analysis focused on onsite transportation impacts, the maximum exposed individual s are members of truck and rail crews. The annual doses to these individual s were estimated by calculating the per-shipment doses these individual s may be exposed to and then multiplying the per-shipment dose by the annua l numbers of shipments. The resulting maximum annual doses to truck crew members were conservatively estimated to be approximately 0.2 rem/yr for LWR technology, 0. 2 rem/yr for HWR technology, and 0.3 rem/yr for MHTGR technology . For rail crew members, the maximum annual dose was estimated to be approximately 0.0007 rem/yr, 0.0005 rem/yr, and 0.005 rem/yr for LWR, HWR, and MHTGR technologies, respectively. All of the maximum annual dose estimates are well below the 5 rem/yr occupational dose restriction. Transportation impacts from accidents involving tritium fuel cycle materials were calculated in terms of the radiological consequences to the maximum exposed individuals and the radiological risks to the exposed population. Population risks are defined as the product of accident V WHC-EP-0340 frequencies and consequences. The consequences of accidents, which were calculated using the GENII computer code, are presented in the following terms: • Maximum individual--The radiation doses were calculated for two hypothetical individuals, one located at the Hanford Site boundary nearest to the release and one located 200 ft from the acc ident. The doses were calculated in terms of the effective dose equivalent (EDE) for a 50-yr commitment period, EDE50 • The doses were presented for the maximum exposed organ and the dose to the thyroid. The doses were also presented by pathway. The lifetime fat al cancer risk to these individuals was also presented. • Population--The committed effective dose equivalent (CEDE), CEDE50 , was presented, as well as the doses to the gonads and thyroid. The doses were presented by pathway. Also presented were the estimated health effects that could potentially result from the release (cancer deaths and genetic effects to all generations). The calculated doses from accidents are summarized in Table ES- 1. The annual probability of the severe accidents summarized in Table ES-1 was estimated to be approximately 2 x 10· 8 /yr. vi : I WHC-EP-0340 Table ES-1. Maximum Individual Doses and Population Risks from Transportation Acc i den t s. NPR Technology Dose category LWR HWR MHTGR Populat ion r i sks Comm i tted effective dose equivalenta (person-rem/yr) 1.1 E-2 2.5 E-3 4.5 E-3 Health risks Cancer deaths/yr 4.4 E-6 1.0 E-6 1.8 E- 6 Genetic effects/yr 1. 8 E-6 2.0 E-7 3.3 E- 7 Maximum individual dosesb On site Committed effective dose equivalent (rema) 4.7 E+O 3.9 E-2 3.9 E- 2 Sm a 11 Smal l Maximum organ Lung intestin e i ntesti ne Lifet ime fatal cancer risk 1. 9 E-3 1. 6 E- 5 1. 6 E- 5 Off site Commi t ted effective dose equivalent (rema) 1.5 E-1 7.0 E-4 7.0 E- 4 Lower large Smal 1 Smal 1 Max i mum organ intestine intesti ne in t estine Li fetime fatal cancer risk 5.9 E- 5 2.9 E- 7 2.9 E-7 aA 50-yr commitment period was assumed i n the calculations . "Maximum credible accident was defined as the accident producing the highest consequences that had a fr~quency of approximately 1 X 10- 6 /yr. vii WHC-EP-0340 CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION .
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