AI BABIES ARE COMING the Sooner Than You Think Issue P42
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SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN FRONTIERS PROGRAM #1503 "Going Deep" AIRDATE: February 2, 2005 ALAN ALDA Hello and welcome to Scientific American Frontiers. I'm Alan Alda. It's said that the oceans, which cover more than two thirds of the earth's surface, are less familiar to us than the surface of the moon. If you consider the volume of the oceans, it's actually more than ninety percent of the habitable part of the earth that we don't know too much about. The main reason for our relative ignorance is simply that the deep ocean is an absolutely forbidding environment. It's pitch dark, extremely cold and with pressures that are like having a 3,000-foot column of lead pressing down on every square inch -- which does sound pretty uncomfortable. In this program we're going to see how people finally made it to the ocean floor, and we'll find out about the scientific revolutions they brought back with them. We're going to go diving in the Alvin, the little submarine that did so much of the work. And we're going to glimpse the future, as Alvin's successor takes shape in a small seaside town on Cape Cod. That's coming up in tonight's episode, Going Deep. INTO THE DEEP ALAN ALDA (NARRATION) Woods Hole, Massachusetts. It's one of the picturesque seaside towns that draw the tourists to Cape Cod each year. But few seaside towns have what Woods Hole has. For 70 years it's been home to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution — an organization that does nothing but study the world's oceans. -
The Mississippi River Find
The Journal of Diving History, Volume 23, Issue 1 (Number 82), 2015 Item Type monograph Publisher Historical Diving Society U.S.A. Download date 04/10/2021 06:15:15 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/32902 First Quarter 2015 • Volume 23 • Number 82 • 23 Quarter 2015 • Volume First Diving History The Journal of The Mississippi River Find Find River Mississippi The The Journal of Diving History First Quarter 2015, Volume 23, Number 82 THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FIND This issue is dedicated to the memory of HDS Advisory Board member Lotte Hass 1928 - 2015 HISTORICAL DIVING SOCIETY USA A PUBLIC BENEFIT NONPROFIT CORPORATION PO BOX 2837, SANTA MARIA, CA 93457 USA TEL. 805-934-1660 FAX 805-934-3855 e-mail: [email protected] or on the web at www.hds.org PATRONS OF THE SOCIETY HDS USA BOARD OF DIRECTORS Ernie Brooks II Carl Roessler Dan Orr, Chairman James Forte, Director Leslie Leaney Lee Selisky Sid Macken, President Janice Raber, Director Bev Morgan Greg Platt, Treasurer Ryan Spence, Director Steve Struble, Secretary Ed Uditis, Director ADVISORY BOARD Dan Vasey, Director Bob Barth Jack Lavanchy Dr. George Bass Clement Lee Tim Beaver Dick Long WE ACKNOWLEDGE THE CONTINUED Dr. Peter B. Bennett Krov Menuhin SUPPORT OF THE FOLLOWING: Dick Bonin Daniel Mercier FOUNDING CORPORATIONS Ernest H. Brooks II Joseph MacInnis, M.D. Texas, Inc. Jim Caldwell J. Thomas Millington, M.D. Best Publishing Mid Atlantic Dive & Swim Svcs James Cameron Bev Morgan DESCO Midwest Scuba Jean-Michel Cousteau Phil Newsum Kirby Morgan Diving Systems NJScuba.net David Doubilet Phil Nuytten Dr. -
Scuba Diving History
Scuba diving history Scuba history from a diving bell developed by Guglielmo de Loreno in 1535 up to John Bennett’s dive in the Philippines to amazing 308 meter in 2001 and much more… Humans have been diving since man was required to collect food from the sea. The need for air and protection under water was obvious. Let us find out how mankind conquered the sea in the quest to discover the beauty of the under water world. 1535 – A diving bell was developed by Guglielmo de Loreno. 1650 – Guericke developed the first air pump. 1667 – Robert Boyle observes the decompression sickness or “the bends”. After decompression of a snake he noticed gas bubbles in the eyes of a snake. 1691 – Another diving bell a weighted barrels, connected with an air pipe to the surface, was patented by Edmund Halley. 1715 – John Lethbridge built an underwater cylinder that was supplied via an air pipe from the surface with compressed air. To prevent the water from entering the cylinder, greased leather connections were integrated at the cylinder for the operators arms. 1776 – The first submarine was used for a military attack. 1826 – Charles Anthony and John Deane patented a helmet for fire fighters. This helmet was used for diving too. This first version was not fitted to the diving suit. The helmet was attached to the body of the diver with straps and air was supplied from the surfa 1837 – Augustus Siebe sealed the diving helmet of the Deane brothers’ to a watertight diving suit and became the standard for many dive expeditions. -
History of Scuba Diving About 500 BC: (Informa on Originally From
History of Scuba Diving nature", that would have taken advantage of this technique to sink ships and even commit murders. Some drawings, however, showed different kinds of snorkels and an air tank (to be carried on the breast) that presumably should have no external connecons. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of About 500 BC: (Informaon originally from mask with a box for air. The project was so Herodotus): During a naval campaign the detailed that it included a urine collector, too. Greek Scyllis was taken aboard ship as prisoner by the Persian King Xerxes I. When Scyllis learned that Xerxes was to aack a Greek flolla, he seized a knife and jumped overboard. The Persians could not find him in the water and presumed he had drowned. Scyllis surfaced at night and made his way among all the ships in Xerxes's fleet, cung each ship loose from its moorings; he used a hollow reed as snorkel to remain unobserved. Then he swam nine miles (15 kilometers) to rejoin the Greeks off Cape Artemisium. 15th century: Leonardo da Vinci made the first known menon of air tanks in Italy: he 1772: Sieur Freminet tried to build a scuba wrote in his Atlanc Codex (Biblioteca device out of a barrel, but died from lack of Ambrosiana, Milan) that systems were used oxygen aer 20 minutes, as he merely at that me to arficially breathe under recycled the exhaled air untreated. water, but he did not explain them in detail due to what he described as "bad human 1776: David Brushnell invented the Turtle, first submarine to aack another ship. -
REPRINT Hadal Manned Submersible
REPRINT Hadal Manned Submersible Five Deeps Expedition Explores Deepest Point in Every Ocean By Dr. Alan J. Jamieson • John Ramsey • Patrick Lahey he very deepest parts of the world’s oceans are sel- Tdom explored. Four of our five oceans extend to depths exceeding 6,000 m, putting them beyond the reach of most commercially available technologies and certainly beyond all human-occupied vehicles currently in operation. Scientific interest in these ultradeep ecosystems has greatly increased over the last decade, but technological Deeps Expedition) Five (Credit: limitations have favored the use of simple static lander vehicles over remotely operated or human-occupied ex- ploratory vehicles. The Five Deeps Expedition (FDE) is changing all that. In 2015, Victor Vescovo, an American private-equity in- vestor and explorer and founder of Caladan Oceanic, approached Triton Submarines in Florida with a vision to design, engineer, build, test and support a full-ocean- depth-capable and independently accredited two-person manned submersible, which he intended to dive to the deepest point in each of the five oceans over the course of a year-long expedition. In a little over three years, this vision became reality. In December 2018, Vescovo performed his first solo dive in a two-person, full-ocean-depth submersible to 8,376 m in the Puerto Rico Trench, and the expedition is now more than halfway through its journey. The FDE is supported by an international team of scientists, engineers, filmmakers and operational crew (both ship and submersible). The DSV Limiting Factor (Triton 36,000/2) being By the end of 2019, the Five Deeps Expedition, sup- deployed for testing in the Bahamas in 2018. -
Dives of the Bathyscaph Trieste, 1958-1963: Transcriptions of Sixty-One Dictabelt Recordings in the Robert Sinclair Dietz Papers, 1905-1994
Dives of the Bathyscaph Trieste, 1958-1963: Transcriptions of sixty-one dictabelt recordings in the Robert Sinclair Dietz Papers, 1905-1994 from Manuscript Collection MC28 Archives of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California 92093-0219: September 2000 This transcription was made possible with support from the U.S. Naval Undersea Museum 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................4 CASSETTE TAPE 1 (Dietz Dictabelts #1-5) .................................................................................6 #1-5: The Big Dive to 37,800. Piccard dictating, n.d. CASSETTE TAPE 2 (Dietz Dictabelts #6-10) ..............................................................................21 #6: Comments on the Big Dive by Dr. R. Dietz to complete Piccard's description, n.d. #7: On Big Dive, J.P. #2, 4 Mar., n.d. #8: Dive to 37,000 ft., #1, 14 Jan 60 #9-10: Tape just before Big Dive from NGD first part has pieces from Rex and Drew, Jan. 1960 CASSETTE TAPE 3 (Dietz Dictabelts #11-14) ............................................................................30 #11-14: Dietz, n.d. CASSETTE TAPE 4 (Dietz Dictabelts #15-18) ............................................................................39 #15-16: Dive #61 J. Piccard and Dr. A. Rechnitzer, depth of 18,000 ft., Piccard dictating, n.d. #17-18: Dive #64, 24,000 ft., Piccard, n.d. CASSETTE TAPE 5 (Dietz Dictabelts #19-22) ............................................................................48 #19-20: Dive Log, n.d. #21: Dr. Dietz on the bathysonde, n.d. #22: from J. Piccard, 14 July 1960 CASSETTE TAPE 6 (Dietz Dictabelts #23-25) ............................................................................57 #23-25: Italian Dive, Dietz, Mar 8, n.d. CASSETTE TAPE 7 (Dietz Dictabelts #26-29) ............................................................................64 #26-28: Italian Dive, Dietz, n.d. -
Manned Submersibles, the Efficient Tools for Exploring Deep-Sea Creatures
Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology Research Article Open Access Manned submersibles, the efficient tools for exploring deep-sea creatures Abstract Volume 3 Issue 2 - 2015 In this paper, the significant meaning for conducting deep sea creature research and the Xianpeng Shi current study status will be introduced and the great value for using manned submersibles Department of National Deep Sea Center, China to support such research will be researched, especially the applications carried out in hydrothermal vents, cold seep, mid-ocean ridge areas. Then, some results for China’s Correspondence: Xianpeng Shi, Department of National JIAOLONG manned submersible on implementing deep-sea creature investigation will be Deep Sea Center, 1# Weiyang Road, Aoshanwei Street, Jimo, presented. To better support the future underwater explorations, at the conclusion part, some Qingdao, 266237, China, Tel +86-532-67722125, suggestions will be brought forward to promote the development of China’s JIAOLONG Email manned submersible and its related technologies. Received: October 20, 2015 | Published: December 04, 2015 Keywords: Manned submersible, Deep-sea creature, Hydrothermal vent, Research, Efficient tools, Exploring, Deep sea, Earth’s environment, Underwater gliders, Vehicles, JIAOLONG manned Abbreviations: FAMOUS, French American Mid-Ocean and the body producing a special biologically active substance, such Undersea Study; HADES, Hadal Ecosystem Studies; CoML, as basophils, thermophilic, psychrophilic, pressure resisting, extreme Census of Marine -
The Journal of Diving History, Volume 22, Issue 4 (Number 81), 2014
The Journal of Diving History, Volume 22, Issue 4 (Number 81), 2014 Item Type monograph Publisher Historical Diving Society U.S.A. Download date 06/10/2021 03:44:37 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/32447 The Journal of Diving History of Diving Journal The The Journal of Diving History Fourth Quarter 2014 • Volume 22 • Number 81 Fourth Quarter 2014, Volume 22, Number 81 Volume Quarter 2014, Fourth US NAVY DIVERS US Navy Dvivers 1898 Dvivers US Navy 1898 PHOTO COURTESY OF PETER A. RIEKSTINS EXPO39 SPECTACULAR BENEATH™ EVENTS & MAJOR ATTRACTIONS: Over 400 “Must” See Exhibits • More Than 70 Sensational Seminar Programs • Compelling In-depth Workshops • Marine MEADOWLANDSTHE EXPOSITIONSEA CENTER Careers Program • Product Demos • Door Prizes • Unique SECAUCUS | NEW JERSEY Travel Destinations • World Renowned Guest Speakers • Public Safety Diver Seminars • Book Signings • Beneath the Sea International Underwater Imaging Competition • Legend of the Sea Champagne Recep- tion • Meet the Fish n’ Famous • Silent Auction • Friday Night Tech/Wreck Party • Diver of the Year Awards Banquet • Woman Divers Hall of Fame Celebration • Decompression Party • International Under- water Film Festival • Ocean Pals International and National Poster Contest Awards • Ocean DON’T MISS THE GREATEST Pals Oceanscapes Imaging Competition • Ocean Pals Sea INTERNATIONAL OCEANS of Sweets Party • Historical Diving Society Artifacts Gallery EXPOSITION IN THE USA • Women Divers Hall of Fame MARCH 27, 28, 29, 2015 Gallery and So Much More! MARCH 27-29 REGISTER TODAY ONLY 10 MINUTES FROM NYC WITH FREE PARKING EVERYWHERE! BENEATH THE SEA™ 2015 DIVE & TRAVEL EXPOSITION 495 NEW ROCHELLE RD., STE. 2A, BRONXVILLE, NEW YORK 10708 CALL: 914 - 664 - 4310 E-MAIL: [email protected] WWW.BENEATHTHESEA.ORG WWW.MECEXPO.COM REGISTER ONLINE NOW AT WWW.BENEATHTHESEA.ORG HISTORICAL DIVING SOCIETY USA A PUBLIC BENEFIT NONPROFIT CORPORATION PO BOX 2837, SANTA MARIA, CA 93457 USA TEL. -
47' 23' New England Braces for Howling Storm
THURSDAY, AUGUST 13. M B ersyo Daily Not Preso Ron T h o .W enthir rae Un weak BoDad libEBIXTEraf iW attfliMtor g pYtttttfl Sw aU i A ag. 8. 1888 Wm s M •« I k J ^ W i o l M r 'l M NeetheaAerlr ghiaa. baavy mla King Devld lodge of Odd Ftf- 10,227 ■ding ■•** taaigliL fhlr aaU low* will meet tomorrow et 7:80 Two Nigkt Fircnan Jobs MFD to Hold ir *r Um AadR Aliout Town In Odd Fellows.hell for Its usual O^R St SMFD SUtioR •I OtrealaUio* Mmse1u!$ter-—.4 City of ViUage Charm Inislness sessloo. On Sundsy -* Peach Cake |V * . V ; ,V r . •«« Mrfc B mI Butler ^ ■roup of the members wUl stUnd Chief W. CTifford Maw>n of the douWe-hesder ball game I* FhelM R«iJ *e t»eif giMStr the South Mehchester Fire De (Otaaaiflad AdvartMag aa Page 14) MANCHESTER. CONN., FRIDAY, AUGUST Id, (SIXTEEN PAGES) PRICE nV E CENTS Mrs. Butler’* hrotlier-ln-Uw, l«a- Boston. A bus will leave from Odd partment announced today he Fete Aug. 21 VOL. LXXn, NO. MS Me Vausltun. Hr*. VwighM *nd FelU hall St the Osnter at 8:30 la aeeking men to work in the their ehlldreii of For^ fire aUUona at night. There Plaiu for the Manchester Fir* FI*. are two paid jobs in the de Epworth leaguers of the South partment open et the preaent Department Pqach Shortcake w a d W inds Methodist Church sre antidpatlng time. Festival and Bingo party to be C«pt. -
Under High Pressure: Spherical Glass Flotation and Instrument Housings in Deep Ocean Research
PAPER Under High Pressure: Spherical Glass Flotation and Instrument Housings in Deep Ocean Research AUTHORS ABSTRACT Steffen Pausch All stationary and autonomous instrumentation for observational activities in Nautilus Marine Service GmbH ocean research have two things in common, they need pressure-resistant housings Detlef Below and buoyancy to bring instruments safely back to the surface. The use of glass DURAN Group GmbH spheres is attractive in many ways. Glass qualities such as the immense strength– weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and low cost make glass spheres ideal for both Kevin Hardy flotation and instrument housings. On the other hand, glass is brittle and hence DeepSea Power & Light subject to damage from impact. The production of glass spheres therefore requires high-quality raw material, advanced manufacturing technology and expertise in Introduction processing. VITROVEX® spheres made of DURAN® borosilicate glass 3.3 are the hen Jacques Piccard and Don only commercially available 17-inch glass spheres with operational ratings to full Walsh reached the Marianas Trench ocean trench depth. They provide a low-cost option for specialized flotation and W instrument housings. in1960andreportedshrimpand flounder-like fish, it was proven that Keywords: Buoyancy, Flotation, Instrument housings, Pressure, Spheres, Trench, there is life even in the very deepest VITROVEX® parts of the ocean. What started as a simple search for life has become over (1) they need to have pressure- the years a search for answers to basic Advantages and resistant housings to accommodate questions such as the number of spe- Disadvantages sensitive electronics, and (2) they need cies, their distribution ranges, and the of Glass Spheres either positive buoyancy to bring the composition of the fauna. -
Alien Ocean for ROV Users but Rather a Sense That the Unfamiliar Will Yield to Decipherment, Which May Lead to Unexpected Knowledge
Helmreich_Ch01 5/30/08 19:28 Page 31 1 The Message from the Mud Making Meaning Out of Microbes in Monterey Bay Call me distracted, divided, but as I head to sea this Friday in March 2003, I already wonder how I will render my oceangoing experience into text. I am not alone. The marine biologists swaying back and forth around me are also preoccupied with representations to come, with setting sampling and recording devices in place to aid in piecing together a portrait of the waters we will visit today. We are all a bit groggy in the morning fog, just finding our feet on the drizzly deck of the Point Lobos, a small oceanographic vessel operated by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI). The ship is gliding out of Moss Landing, California, a tiny coastal hamlet between Santa Cruz and Monterey. The town is harbor to fishing boats with names like Desperado and Baits Motel, home to antique stores clut- tered with compasses and harpoons, and hub to marine research devoted to mapping both the undersea Monterey Canyon and the genes of its resident marine life. I have joined the Lobos to conduct anthropological fieldwork about and alongside marine biological fieldwork. This will be a one-day expedition to scout for microscopic ocean life cru- cial to the balance of the biosphere. The chief scientist on board, marine biologist Pete Girguis, briefed me a few days ago over a preparatory cala- mari lunch. He told me we would be looking for deep-sea microbes that eat methane, a potent greenhouse gas. -
Developing Submergence Science for the Next Decade (DESCEND–2016)
Developing Submergence Science for the Next Decade (DESCEND–2016) Workshop Proceedings January 14-15, 2016 ii Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 1 BENTHIC ECOSYSTEMS ........................................................................................................... 11 COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS .......................................................................................................... 24 PELAGIC ECOSYSTEMS ........................................................................................................... 28 POLAR SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................... 31 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY ............................................................................................................... 41 ECOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ................................................................................... 48 GEOLOGY .............................................................................................................................. 53 PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY ................................................................................................... 59 APPENDICES .......................................................................................................................... 65 Appendix