REPRINT Hadal Manned Submersible
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
2007 MTS Overview of Manned Underwater Vehicle Activity
P A P E R 2007 MTS Overview of Manned Underwater Vehicle Activity AUTHOR ABSTRACT William Kohnen There are approximately 100 active manned submersibles in operation around the world; Chair, MTS Manned Underwater in this overview we refer to all non-military manned underwater vehicles that are used for Vehicles Committee scientific, research, tourism, and commercial diving applications, as well as personal leisure SEAmagine Hydrospace Corporation craft. The Marine Technology Society committee on Manned Underwater Vehicles (MUV) maintains the only comprehensive database of active submersibles operating around the world and endeavors to continually bring together the international community of manned Introduction submersible operators, manufacturers and industry professionals. The database is maintained he year 2007 did not herald a great through contact with manufacturers, operators and owners through the Manned Submersible number of new manned submersible de- program held yearly at the Underwater Intervention conference. Tployments, although the industry has expe- The most comprehensive and detailed overview of this industry is given during the UI rienced significant momentum. Submersi- conference, and this article cannot cover all developments within the allocated space; there- bles continue to find new applications in fore our focus is on a compendium of activity provided from the most dynamic submersible tourism, science and research, commercial builders, operators and research organizations that contribute to the industry and who share and recreational work; the biggest progress their latest information through the MTS committee. This article presents a short overview coming from the least likely source, namely of submersible activity in 2007, including new submersible construction, operation and the leisure markets. -
The Next Generation of Ocean Exploration. Kelly Walsh Repeats Father’S Historic Dive, 60 Years Later, on Father’S Day Weekend
From father to son; the next generation of ocean exploration. Kelly Walsh repeats father’s historic dive, 60 years later, on Father’s Day weekend DSSV Pressure Drop. Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench 200miles SW of Guam. June 20th, 2020 – Kelly Walsh, 52, today completed a historic dive to approximately 10,925m in the Challenger Deep. The dive location was the Western Pool, the same area that was visited by Kelly’s father, Captain Don Walsh, USN (Ret), PhD, who was the pilot of the bathyscaph ‘Trieste’ during the first dive to the Challenger Deep in 1960. Mr. Walsh’s 12- hour dive, coordinated by EYOS Expeditions, was undertaken aboard the deep-sea vehicle Triton 36000/2 ‘Limiting Factor” piloted by the owner of the vehicle Victor Vescovo, a Dallas, Texas based businessman and explorer. The expedition to the Challenger Deep is a joint venture by Caladan Oceanic, Triton Submarines and EYOS Expeditions. Mr. Vescovo and his team made headlines last year by completing a circumnavigation of the globe that enabled Mr. Vescovo to become the first person to dive to the deepest point of each of the worlds five oceans. The dives by father and son connect a circle of exploration history that spans 60 years. “It was a hugely emotional journey for me,” said Kelly Walsh aboard DSSV Pressure Drop, the expedition’s mothership. “I have been immersed in the story of Dad’s dive since I was born-- people find it fascinating. It has taken 60 years but thanks to EYOS Expeditions and Victor Vescovo we have now taken this quantum leap forward in our ability to explore the deep ocean. -
First in Situ Observation of Cephalopoda at Hadal Depths (Octopoda: Opisthoteuthidae: Grimpoteuthis Sp.)
Marine Biology (2020) 167:82 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-020-03701-1 SHORT NOTE First in situ observation of Cephalopoda at hadal depths (Octopoda: Opisthoteuthidae: Grimpoteuthis sp.) Alan J. Jamieson1 · Michael Vecchione2 Received: 6 March 2020 / Accepted: 7 May 2020 / Published online: 26 May 2020 © The Author(s) 2020 Abstract The Cephalopoda are not typically considered characteristic of the benthic fauna at hadal depths (depths exceeding 6000 m), yet occasional open-net trawl samples have implied that they might be present to ~ 8000 m deep. Previous in situ photographic evidence has placed the deepest cephalopod at 5145 m. The discrepancies between the two have meant that the maximum depth for cephalopods has gone unresolved. In this study we report on unequivocal sightings, by HD video lander, of a cephalopod at hadal depths. The demersal cirrate octopod Grimpoteuthis sp. was observed at both 5760 and 6957 m in the Indian Ocean. These observations extend the known maximum depth range for cephalopods by 1812 m and increase the potential benthic habitat available to cephalopods from 75 to 99% of the global seafoor. Introduction which are known to attach their eggs to the seafoor, was found in the intestine of the snailfish Pseudoliparis The total bathymetric range of marine organisms is often (Careproctus) amblystomopsis from the same trench at difficult to resolve accurately because sampling effort 7210–7230 m (Birstein and Vinogradov 1955) which also becomes less frequent with increasing depth. One impor- indicated a hadal distribution (Akimushkin 1963). Finally, tant group with ambiguous records of maximum depth is the in 1975 a specimen of Grimpoteuthis sp. -
2018 Internships
our world-underwater scholarship society ® our world-underwater www.owuscholarship.org scholarship society ® P.O. BOX 6157 Woodridge, Illinois 60517 44th Annual Awards Program 630-969-6690 voice April 21, 2018 – New York Yacht Club – New York e-mail [email protected] [email protected] Roberta A. Flanders Executive Administrator Graphic design by Rolex SA – Cover photo: Mae Dorricott – Thank you to all the iconographics contributors. © Rolex SA, Geneva, 2018 – All rights reserved. 1 3 Welcome It is my honor to welcome you to New York City and to the 44th anniversary celebration of the Our World-Underwater Scholarship Society®. It is a great pleasure for me as president of the Society to bring the “family” together each year to renew friendships, celebrate all of our interns and Rolex Scholars, and acknowledge the efforts of our volunteers. Once again, we celebrate a long history of extraordinary scholarship, volunteer service, organizational partnership, and corporate sponsorship, especially an amazing, uninterrupted partnership with Rolex, our founding corporate sponsor. This year is special. We bring three new Rolex Scholars and five new interns into our family resulting in an accumulative total of 100 Rolex Scholars and 102 interns since the inception of the Society, and all of this has been accomplished by our all-volunteer organization. Forty-four years of volunteers have been selfless in their efforts serving as directors, officers, committee members, coordinators, and technical advisors all motivated to support the Society’s mission “to promote educational activities associated with the underwater world.” “ A WHALE LIFTED HER HUGE, BEAUTIFUL HEAD None of this would have been possible without the incredible support by INTO MY WAITING ARMS AS the Society’s many organizational partners and corporate sponsors throughout I LEANT OVER THE SIDE the years. -
Design a Submersible Vehicle
TEACHER BACKGROUND Unit 4 - The Deep Sea Design a Submersible Vehicle Key Concepts 1. Advances in the technology related to deep sea submersible vehicles have made the deep sea more accessible. 2. The buoyancy of a submersible vehicle can be changed by adding or removing water. Background For thousands of years people have dreamed about exploring the ocean floor. Within the last 500 years technologies have slowly, then rapidly developed which have begun to fulfill this dream. In the early 1500’s, Leonardo Da Vinci designed the face mask, a tube for breathing underwater, and workable flippers. In 1620, Cornelius van Drebbel built two boats on the Thames River. Each boat carried 12 oarsmen and 12 passengers and could submerge for a short period of time. Also in the 1600’s, diving bells, actually barrels which were open at the bottom and lowered by cables, were developed for use in salvaging ships. The rigid helmet of the “hard hat” diving suit was actually just a smaller diving bell into which air was pumped through a hose. That 18th century design did not change much until the invention of SCUBA in the 1940’s. In 1772, John Day built a small submarine where he spent 12 hours at a depth of 30 feet. Four years later, during the Revolutionary War, Sergeant Ezra Lee piloted the American Turtle, a small underwater boat during an attack on the HMS Eagle. The Civil War marked the first successful underwater military confrontation. The Yankee Housatonic was destroyed when the Confederate submarine, David of Hunley, rammed a gunpowder charge against the hull. -
Dives of the Bathyscaph Trieste, 1958-1963: Transcriptions of Sixty-One Dictabelt Recordings in the Robert Sinclair Dietz Papers, 1905-1994
Dives of the Bathyscaph Trieste, 1958-1963: Transcriptions of sixty-one dictabelt recordings in the Robert Sinclair Dietz Papers, 1905-1994 from Manuscript Collection MC28 Archives of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California 92093-0219: September 2000 This transcription was made possible with support from the U.S. Naval Undersea Museum 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................4 CASSETTE TAPE 1 (Dietz Dictabelts #1-5) .................................................................................6 #1-5: The Big Dive to 37,800. Piccard dictating, n.d. CASSETTE TAPE 2 (Dietz Dictabelts #6-10) ..............................................................................21 #6: Comments on the Big Dive by Dr. R. Dietz to complete Piccard's description, n.d. #7: On Big Dive, J.P. #2, 4 Mar., n.d. #8: Dive to 37,000 ft., #1, 14 Jan 60 #9-10: Tape just before Big Dive from NGD first part has pieces from Rex and Drew, Jan. 1960 CASSETTE TAPE 3 (Dietz Dictabelts #11-14) ............................................................................30 #11-14: Dietz, n.d. CASSETTE TAPE 4 (Dietz Dictabelts #15-18) ............................................................................39 #15-16: Dive #61 J. Piccard and Dr. A. Rechnitzer, depth of 18,000 ft., Piccard dictating, n.d. #17-18: Dive #64, 24,000 ft., Piccard, n.d. CASSETTE TAPE 5 (Dietz Dictabelts #19-22) ............................................................................48 #19-20: Dive Log, n.d. #21: Dr. Dietz on the bathysonde, n.d. #22: from J. Piccard, 14 July 1960 CASSETTE TAPE 6 (Dietz Dictabelts #23-25) ............................................................................57 #23-25: Italian Dive, Dietz, Mar 8, n.d. CASSETTE TAPE 7 (Dietz Dictabelts #26-29) ............................................................................64 #26-28: Italian Dive, Dietz, n.d. -
Manned Submersibles, the Efficient Tools for Exploring Deep-Sea Creatures
Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology Research Article Open Access Manned submersibles, the efficient tools for exploring deep-sea creatures Abstract Volume 3 Issue 2 - 2015 In this paper, the significant meaning for conducting deep sea creature research and the Xianpeng Shi current study status will be introduced and the great value for using manned submersibles Department of National Deep Sea Center, China to support such research will be researched, especially the applications carried out in hydrothermal vents, cold seep, mid-ocean ridge areas. Then, some results for China’s Correspondence: Xianpeng Shi, Department of National JIAOLONG manned submersible on implementing deep-sea creature investigation will be Deep Sea Center, 1# Weiyang Road, Aoshanwei Street, Jimo, presented. To better support the future underwater explorations, at the conclusion part, some Qingdao, 266237, China, Tel +86-532-67722125, suggestions will be brought forward to promote the development of China’s JIAOLONG Email manned submersible and its related technologies. Received: October 20, 2015 | Published: December 04, 2015 Keywords: Manned submersible, Deep-sea creature, Hydrothermal vent, Research, Efficient tools, Exploring, Deep sea, Earth’s environment, Underwater gliders, Vehicles, JIAOLONG manned Abbreviations: FAMOUS, French American Mid-Ocean and the body producing a special biologically active substance, such Undersea Study; HADES, Hadal Ecosystem Studies; CoML, as basophils, thermophilic, psychrophilic, pressure resisting, extreme Census of Marine -
Diving Deep Sea
DIVING DEEP SEA and the oceans to people. Visitors will experience the underwa- ter world close up and can discuss it right there on board,” says Salvador, who had previously worked in aerospace for six years. his submersible is a minor miracle that can reach the depths of the sea. It is a highly sensitive tool – a metal capsule, TOURISTS OF THE DEEP yet so ingeniously built that it can carry two people to the ocean The new submersible was pressure-tested on the open sea just bed, 11 kilometers down. The plant where it was serviced after a few days ago. It was a success. None of the interior fittings the successful Five Deeps Expedition is in San Cugat del Vallés have been put in yet. Metal, acrylic glass, and a massive, bolt- near Barcelona. Hector Salvador, general manager of the Span- ed-on porthole give clues to what it will eventually look like. ish branch of the American submersible manufacturer Triton Tourists will spend their leisure time travelling beneath the Submarines, is there when we arrive. He opens the door of the water in it at speeds of up to three knots (5.5 km/h). The loca- production facility and a loud roaring and hammering greets tion for building these submersibles is interesting: “When we us. Every step brings us closer to the beating heart of the plant started on Deep View back then, we looked for the best suppli- with its 15 workers. The latest Triton project is standing there on ers. Surprisingly, we found almost all of them right here around a pedestal: the body of Deep View 100/24. -
Submarine Rescue Capability and Its Challenges
X Submarine Rescue Capability and its Challenges 41496_DSTA 4-15#150Q.indd 1 5/6/10 1:08 AM ABSTRACT Providing rescue to the crew of a disabled submarine is of paramount concern to many submarine-operating nations. Various rescue systems are in operation around the world. In 2007, the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) acquired a rescue service through a Public–Private Partnership. With a locally based solution to achieve this time-critical mission, the rescue capability of the RSN has been greatly enhanced. Dr Koh Hock Seng Chew Yixin Ng Xinyun 41496_DSTA 4-15#150Q.indd 2 5/6/10 1:08 AM Submarine Rescue Capability and its Challenges 6 “…[The] disaster was to hand Lloyd B. Maness INTRODUCTION a cruel duty. He was nearest the hatch which separated the flooding sections from the On Tuesday 23 May 1939, USS Squalus, the dry area. If he didn’t slam shut that heavy newest fleet-type submarine at that time metal door everybody on board might perish. for the US Navy, was sailing out of the Maness waited until the last possible moment, Portsmouth Navy Yard for her 19th test dive permitting the passage of a few men soaked in the ocean. This was an important trial for by the incoming sea water. Then, as water the submarine before it could be deemed poured through the hatchway… he slammed seaworthy to join the fleet. USS Squalus was shut the door on the fate of those men aft.” required to complete an emergency battle descent – a ‘crash test’ – by dropping to a The Register Guard, 24 May 1964 periscope depth of 50 feet (about 15 metres) within a minute. -
In Depth July 2021
MAPPING THE FLOOR OF OUR OCEANS Newsletter of The Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project Click herfe EDITORIAL Increasing the momentum The UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development has been off to an eventful start for Seabed 2030. In addition to being one of the first Actions officially endorsed as part of the Decade, Seabed 2030 has also signed a Memorandum of Arrangement with a Government – the first of its kind to date. Following the MOA, New Zealand’s Government officially joins us as a partner, but as a host of one of our Regional Centers, New Zealand has already provided steadfast support to Seabed 2030 from the outset. This adds to the significant support that we already receive from a number of Member States of both IHO and IOC, and we look forward to encouraging further partnerships across the world to drive forward our mission. Seabed 2030 has also been selected as one of 80 projects to be showcased at this year’s Paris Peace Forum. Since its creation, the Forum has supported and accompanied more than 300 projects that respond to the cross-border challenges of our time. I’d also like to congratulate the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) on its 100th anniversary, which was celebrated on World Hydrography Day on 21 June. It was IHO which, with the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO (IOC), helped to inspire and develop the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). GEBCO was formed in 1903 in Monaco as an initiative led by Prince Albert I to produce “a high-resolution digital map from the coast to the deepest trench of the ocean that enables scientists to explore and understand how the works” - this will also inform policy, and supply the management of natural maritime resources for a sustainable blue economy. -
Molloy Deep (Also Scientifically Referred to As the Molloy Hole), the Deepest Point in the Arctic Ocean
Five Deeps Expedition is complete after historic dive to the bottom of the Arctic Ocean Victor Vescovo and team complete the final mission of the expedition in world’s deepest diving operational submersible, the Limiting Factor Expedition Filmed By Atlantic Production for Discovery Channel Documentary Series New York - (September 9th, 2019) Explorer Victor Vescovo has become the first human to dive to the bottom of the deepest point of all five of the world’s oceans. On August 24th, with external sea temperatures dropping to -2 °C, Victor dived to a depth of 5,550 +/- 14 metres in the Molloy Deep (also scientifically referred to as the Molloy Hole), the deepest point in the Arctic Ocean. This was the first manned dive to ever reach the bottom of the Molloy Deep and marked the completion of the 5th and final stage of the historic Five Deeps Expedition, a mission to reach the deepest point of all five of the Earth’s oceans in a manned submersible and diving them solo. This expedition was completed using the DSV Limiting Factor – a specially-designed submersible (Triton 36000/2 model) - the world’s deepest diving and only commercial, DNV GL-certified, operational submersible and its support ship, the DSSV Pressure Drop. The Molloy Deep was formed as the Eurasian and North American tectonic plates split apart and lies 170 miles west of Svalbard, Norway. Three successful dives took place over the course of three days. Victor Vescovo went by himself to complete the first manned dive to the bottom of the Molloy Deep, reaching a bottom depth of 5,550 metres. -
Developing Submergence Science for the Next Decade (DESCEND–2016)
Developing Submergence Science for the Next Decade (DESCEND–2016) Workshop Proceedings January 14-15, 2016 ii Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 1 BENTHIC ECOSYSTEMS ........................................................................................................... 11 COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS .......................................................................................................... 24 PELAGIC ECOSYSTEMS ........................................................................................................... 28 POLAR SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................... 31 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY ............................................................................................................... 41 ECOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ................................................................................... 48 GEOLOGY .............................................................................................................................. 53 PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY ................................................................................................... 59 APPENDICES .......................................................................................................................... 65 Appendix