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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study Somalia Is a Country Part of Africa Where Some of Hijacking Cases Happen in Soma

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study Somalia Is a Country Part of Africa Where Some of Hijacking Cases Happen in Soma CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study Somalia is a country part of Africa where some of hijacking cases happen in Somalian sea. Ships are always warned before they pass through Somalian Sea. Captain Philips is a movie based on a true story about hijacking in Somalian sea. Captain Philips was a moviedirectedby Paul Greengrass. Paul Greengrass’s first career as a directorwas in the 1980’s, in World in Action program for ITV. Paul then moved to drama and his first work is The One That Got Away based on Chris Ryan’s book. His other movies are Bloody Sunday (2002), United 93 (2006), The Bourne Ultimatum ( 2007), Green Zone (2010) and Captain Philips (2009). Paul’s future projects are The Fear Index and Bourne 5. Captain Phillips is a 2013 American thriller film directed by Paul Greengrass and starring Tom Hanks and Barkhad Abdi. The film is inspired by the true story of the 2009 Maersk Alabama hijacking, an incident during which merchant marine Captain Richard Phillips was taken hostage by pirates in the Indian Ocean led by Abduwali Muse and Richard Philip. Captain Philips’s ship was hijacked and as the leader in the ship. He has authority to protect the ship and the crew. The ship took command of the MV Maersk Alabama, a container ship traveled from the Port of Salalah in Oman with order to sail through the Gulf of Aden to Mombasa, Kenya. Captain Philips decided to take a shortcut and separated from the other ships. Wary of pirate activity off the coast of the Horn of Africa, he and First Officer Shane Murphy ordered strict security precautions on the vessel and carried out practice drills. During a drill, the vessel was chased by Somalian pirates in two skiffs and Phillips called for help. Knowing that the pirates were listening to radio traffic, he pretended to get air support. One skiff turned around, and other skiffs chased the container ship by four heavily armed pirates led by Abduwali Muse. Forcing the engine too much makes Muse lose his engine. 1 2 The next day Muse’s skiff fitted with double engine returned with the same four pirates aboard. Captain Philips told the engine room personnel to force the machine to maximum and told the crew to hide in the engine room and allowed him to be captured. He offered Muse the $30,000 in the ship's safe, but Muse's refused and ordered a ransom the ship and crew for millions of dollars of insurance money from the shipping company. While they were searching the ship, Murphy, Captain Philip’s assistant saw that the youngest pirate Bilal did not have sandals and he told the crew to line the engine room hallway with broken glass. Chief Engineer Mike Perry turned off the power in lower decks and made lower decks into darkness. Bilal cut his feet when they reached the engine room, and Muse continued to search alone. The crew members ambushed Muse and arranged to release him into a lifeboat to get the intruder off the ship. However, the pirates refused to release Phillips, and the lifeboat was launching with all five of them on board. As the lifeboat headed for the shore, tensions flare between the pirates as they ran low on fuel and lose contact with their main ship. Najee, one of the pirates became agitated and tried to convince the others to kill Phillips. They were later intercepted by the U.S. Navy destroyer USS Bainbridge. Bainbridge’s captain, Frank Castellano was ordered to prevent the pirates from reaching the mainland by any means necessary. Even when additional ships arrived, Muse asserted that he had come too far and would not surrender. The negotiators were unable to change his mind and parachutes team was in to intervene. While three SEAL marksmen got into positions, Castellano and the SEAL continued trying to find a peaceful solution. Eventually they were taking the lifeboat under tow. Muse agreed to board the Bainbridge when he was telling that his clan elders had arrived to negotiate Phillips's ransom. In the lifeboat, Najee decided to take full control. The pirates tied up Phillips and blindfold him, and the Bainbridge’s crew stopped the tow. As the pirated were about to shoot Phillips, the marksmen got three clear shots and simultaneously killed the pirates. On board the Bainbridge, Muse was taking into custody and arrested for piracy. Phillips was rescued and taking care of. He was in shock and disoriented, but he thanked the rescue team for saving his life. 3 After watching the storyline of Captain Philips, the writer chooses this movie because it contains many symbols, the connotation meanings that may have different way to audience to describe the symbol. The movie also has a lot of description of culture as well as binary opposition. The movie also presents American culture and Somalian culture. This movie can also be elaborated using Five Code of Barthes. 1.2 Previous Study The previous study using Structuralism theory is the paper entitled “ Five Codes of Roland Barthes in Tennessee Williams the Glass Menegerie: A Structuralism Analysis ” by Dwi Purwanti in 2013. In this paper also analyzes the character and characterization using structuralism theory. Dwi Purwanti’s paper used this theory and elaborated all elements in the movie based on five codes. Proairetic, hermeneutic, cultural, semic, and symbolic code. The scope of the paper focuses on the play entitled The Glass Menagerie and the limitation is the three main characters in the play, Amanda, Laura, and Tom. Five codes elaborate the plot, symbol the culture, and binary exist in the movie. The goal is to find out how five codes are applied to the play. The next previous study that it use as reference is paper titled “ Analysis on The Role of the main character in determining the flow of the story in Dan Brown’s The Lost Symbol Novel Using Roland Barthes codes of Structuralism theory” by Dyah Meita Nugraheni, 2012. The scope in the paper is the latest novel written by Dan Brown, an American famous author released the book in 2009. In this paper Dyah focuses on the main character to analyze. The problem formulation is how the five codes applied in the story in the novel according to main characters and how the characters role in determining the smoothness of the story. The main character has several extra meanings that can be elaborated with five codes of Barthes. Novel can also be elaborated using cultural code that gives the reader picture of culture in the movie happening in that time. Semic code is to see the symbol, and the symbolic code to see the binary in this movie. The limitation is the main character Zachary Solomon and Peter Solomon. The goal of the research is to prove Roland Barthes five codes to the main character, Zachary Solomon and the actions that the character did which bring the story smooth supported by another two character’s role, Robert Langdon and Peter Solomon. The function of the 4 research is to share information and knowledge to other people about Roland Barthes codes in the Structuralism theory which exist in The Lost Symbol novel. The third previous research used as references in this paper is titled “ Value of equality through Micheal Jakson’s Black or White lyric and video analyzed through Roland Barthes Structuralism” by David Lim in 2012. This paper used the same theory but different media to analysis. The first paper uses play as the media and the second paper uses novel and the third paper uses lyric of music as the media. David’s analysis focuses on lyric of the song. David analyzed the symbol, culture in the song and the binary between “ Black and White “ lyrics. The problem formulation are what Micheal Jackson thought about the condition that happened that time, especially racism and how Micheal Jackson as the singer represented the value of equality in his depiction of races in the music. The scope in the paper is the lyric and the video of the music and the limitation focuses on Micheal Jackson’s thought through the lyric using structuralism theory especially symbolic code. The first goal of this research is to find out Micheal Jackson’s representation of the people in the lyric and also the thought and the tone about racism. The other goal is to find out the situation or the event using cultural code behind the video. The function of this research is to tell the reader about the thought and the tone of Micheal Jakcson in the video and to tell the reader the real meaning of the video. 1.3 Problem Formulation 1. How are the character and characterization of the main character in the movie analyze through the element of fiction? 2. How is the theory of Roland Barthes five codes applied to the movie? 3. How are the relation of two codes in the movie, semic code and symbolic code with the theme? 1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Topic For the scope of this research is the movie Captain Phillips by Paul Greengrass. The limitation is the main characters and the plot of the movie. The analysis will use five 5 code of Roland Barthes and find the relation between theme and the two codes; semic and symbolic codes in this movie. 1.5 Goals and Functions 1. To find out the character and characterization of main character in the movie. 2. To analyze the movie using Roland Barthes theory five codes.
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