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(Pelasgians, Minoans, Indo-Europeans) Mycenaeans

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(Pelasgians, Minoans, Indo-Europeans) Mycenaeans REVIEW SHEET – TEST 1 (CLAS 201) THEMES: Who were the Greeks? (Pelasgians, Minoans, Indo-Europeans) Mycenaeans (culture, archeology) Homer (Epic cycle, source for Mycenaean culture) Collapse of Mycenaean Civilization/Dark Age Hesiod (Theogony, Works and Days) Polis, Hoplite Warfare Athens (development of democracy – early stages) TERMS: WHO WERE THE GREEKS? Pelasgians Minoans (2600-1400 BCE), Crete, Arthur Evans, King Minos, Minotaur, Minoan, Knossos, Thalassocracy, palaces (labyrinth), frescoes (peaceful scenes), Bull motif, Chthonic (earth), Mother goddess, fertility, afterlife, male subordinate, Linear A, syllabary Indo-Europeans, William Jones, Zeus (Dios), Jupiter (Diespiter), Dyaus Pitar, father, pater, pere, padre etc, warriors/nomads/hunters, Olympian, sky god, immortal versus mortal, Helladic branch enters Greek mainland (2000 BCE), Europe/Persia/India MYCENAEANS (1600-1200 BCE) First Greeks, Heinrich Schliemann, Citadels, Mycenae, Tiryns, Argos, Pylos, Cyclopean architecture, war-themed art, Linear B, Michael Ventris, trade in Aegean (Egypt, Crete, Italy, Asia Minor), Troy, Hissarlik, Dardanelles Straits, Troy 6A HOMER (c.750) Iliad, Odyssey Epic Cycle: Cypria, Iliad, Aethiopis, Little Iliad, Persis Iliou, Nostoi, Odyssey Cypria: Prometheus, Zeus, Thetis, Peleus, wedding, Eris, apple, Athena, Hera, Aphrodite, Judgement of Paris, Priam (king of Troy), Helen, Menelaus, Agamemnon (brother), Xenia (hospitality), Zeus Xenios, Hiketeia, Zeus Hikesios, Horkia, Zeus Horkios Iliad: Agamemnon, Achilles, Briseis, Chryseis, Chryses, Hector (son of Priam), Hector and Andromache, Astyanax, Patroclus, Priam Homeric values: kleos, aristos, kakos, time Aethiopis: Memnon, Eos (the dawn), Achilles, Paris, construction of Wooden Horse Little Iliad: fight over the arms of Achilles, Odysseus vs. Ajax (metis cunning vs. bie brute strength), Trojan Horse planned (Odysseus) Iliou Persis: Trojan Horse, destruction of Troy Odyssey: Odysseus, Ithaca, Penelope, Telemachus Homer as a source for Mycenaean times: aoidos, Dactyllic Hexameter, Milman Parry, Formulae, Body shield, Boar’s tusk helmet, Nestor’s cup, cremation, chariots, Mycenaean towns, body shields COLLAPSE OF MYCENAEAN CULTURE (1200-1150 BCE) famine, soil erosion, overextension, invasion, Dorians, flight of former Mycenaeans, Athens, Ionia, Ionians, Myth: flood, Deucalion, Pyrrha, Hellen, Dorus, Aeolus, Xuthus, Ion, Achaeus; Dorians vs Ionians, Militant/authoritarian/stern/frugal vs exuberant/inquisitive/luxury loving DARK AGE Population decline, no large-scale building, foreign contacts cease, writing (Linear B) disappears Hesiod (c. 700) Works and Days: Perse (brother), Myth of 5 Ages (Gold, Silver, Bronze, Heroes , Iron) Theogony: Generation of the gods, Chaos, Gaia (earth), Nyx (Night), Erebus, Tartarus, Eros; Gaia + Ouranos (sky) = Titans (e.g. Cronus, Rhea), Cyclopes, Hekatoncheires (100 handed); Cronus + Rhea = Hestia, Demeter, Poseidon, Zeus, Hera, Poseidon (Olympians); Titans vs Olympians; Prometheus, Mekone (division of sacrifice), Fire (theft), Pandora (All-gifts), Epimetheus, Pithos (jar, not box), Elpis (Hope) Polis synoecism, citizenship, separate coinage, calendar, rituals, constitution, laws etc. competition, democracy Hoplite Warfare hoplite, hoplon, phalanx, property qualification EARLY STAGE OF ATHENIAN DEMOCRACY Synoecism (c.800), Theseus, Attica, Basileus (king) Eupatrids, Georgoi, Demiourgoi, Hektemoroi (sixth sharers), archon, polemarchos, basileus, 6 thesmothetai, Areopagus, Ekklesia, metic READINGS IN TEXTBOOK: The textbook’s purpose is to provide context for the ideas, events, civilizations, personalities that I discussed in class. At best, it should be used to supplement your notes (both the ones I posted and the ones you took in class); it should not substitute for them. Ancient Greece: Introduction, 22-46, 46-49, 51-53, 64-67, 84- 88, 99-101, 102-104, 116-120, 120-124, 181-185 (but omit Kylon, Draco or Solon) A Brief History: Introduction, 15-26, 26-40, 47-50, 55-57, 59-62, 70-75, 80-83, 124-128 (but omit Kylon, Draco and Solon) Note: The test will consist of 60 multiple choice questions. You will have one hour and fifteen minutes to write the test. After a fifteen break, I will lecture for an hour or so. See you next week. .
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