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STATE OF MICHIGAN RICK SNYDER DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE JAMIE CLOVER ADAMS GOVERNOR AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT DIRECTOR Specialty Crop Block Grant Program-Farm Bill Funding Opportunity Number: USDA-AMS-SCBGP-2014 CFDA: 10.170 Michigan Department of Agriculture & Rural Development FY 2014 – FINAL REPORT Grant Start Date: September 30, 2014 Grant End Date: September 29, 2017 14-SCBGP-MI-0026 (25) Michigan John Miklozek USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service 1400 Independence Avenue, SW Stop 0269 Room 4534 South Building Washington, DC 20250-0269 Telephone: 202-720-1403 Fax: 202-690-4152 Email: [email protected] PROJECT COORDINATOR Heather Throne Office of Agriculture Development PO Box 30017 Lansing, MI 48909 (p) 517-712-0841 E-mail [email protected] Submitted: December 5, 2017 CONSTITUTION HALL P.O. BOX 30017 LANSING, MICHIGAN 48909 www.michigan.gov/mdard (800) 292-3939 1 Project Title - Page Michigan Vegetable Council/ 3 Development of Irrigation and Chemigation Practices in Michigan Asparagus. Michigan Christmas Tree Association/ 11 Increasing Consumer Interest in Michigan-grown Christmas Trees Utilizing a Social Media Campaign Forgotten Harvest/Will Cover Crops and Conservation Tillage Increase Yield and 20 Reduce Drip Irrigation when Growing Winter Squash. Michigan Bean Commission/ 41 Assessment and optimization of pre-harvest strategies suitable for direct-cut dry beans within the State of Michigan Michigan Grape and Wine Industry Council/ 55 Michigan Sustainable Wine Grape Program - Feasibility Study (MSWP) Michigan Asparagus Industry Development Program/ 62 Improving Harvest Efficiency, Worker Safety, and Food Security Through the Creation of a Bi-lingual Training Video Michigan Carrot Committee/ 65 Advancing Disease Control Strategies for Michigan's Processing Carrot Industry to Reduce Reliance on Fungicides Commercial Maple Syrup Producers of Michigan/ 77 Enhancing the Competitiveness of Michigan's Maple Syrup Industry through Education, Outreach and Strategic Market Development MBG Marketing/Michigan State University, Horticulture Department/Soil 81 Supplements to Hasten Blueberry Plant Establishment and Productivity Michigan Cherry Committee /Partnering with Grower-Cooperators to Establish 85 Trials to Determine the Profitability of Tart Cherry Production Using High-Density Orchard Designs Cherry Marketing Institute (CMI)/ 89 Run Red, Ride Red: Engaging Fitness Communities in Tart Cherries' Recovery Science Michigan Apple Committee/ Engaging Fresh Apple Consumers Through Social 97 Media and In-Store Activities Michigan Apple Committee/ Trade Advertising for Promoting Michigan Apples 103 National Grape Cooperative Association, Inc./ Enhancing the Competitiveness of 109 Niagara Grapes for Expanded Processing and Export Opportunities Michigan Food and Farming Systems/Building a Competitive Pathway For 139 Underserved Michigan Specialty Crop Farmers Michigan Potato Industry Commission/ Increase Awareness and Expand 158 Understanding of Factors That Influence Post-Harvest Tuber Quality in Potato Michigan Floriculture Growers Council/Producing Nursery and Greenhouse Plants 161 in Michigan that are Safe for Pollinators Allen Neighborhood Center/ Providing Place-Sensitive Marketing and Other 167 Services to Mid-Michigan Specialty Crop Growers to Increase Visibility, Capacity and Competitiveness Michigan Maple Syrup Association/Improved Marketing of Michigan Maple Syrup 204 Michigan Potato Industry Commission /Michigan Potato Impetus and Education 219 Institute for Sustainable Living, Art & Natural Design (ISLAND)/ 226 Specialty Crop Education in Hops, Soil Fertility for Fruit and Vegetable Crops, and Agroforestry Systems at the 2015 Northern Michigan Small Farm Conference and Preconference. 2 Project Title – Con’t. Page Cherry Marketing Institute (CMI) /Strategic Modernization of the Enviro- 240 Weather IPM Information System for Fruit Production In Michigan Lakeshore Environmental, Inc. & Peterson Farms/A study of Water Repurpose 244 and/or Water Use Reduction at Michigan Fruit and vegetable Food Processors Michigan Vegetable Council/"Survey to Develop Data on Labor-Shortage 263 Responses by Michigan Vegetable Growers for Use as Planning Tools for Future Industry Competitiveness." Michigan Nursery & Landscape Association/Michigan Nursery & Floriculture 270 Product Mix, Sales, Energy, and Labor Survey Michigan Farm Bureau/Fruit Acreage Inventory Survey 285 Michigan Food and Farming Systems - Michigan Department of Agriculture & 287 Rural Development / Food Safety Needs Assessment for Michigan Farmers MDARD Projects Michigan Department of Agriculture & Rural Development/Specialty Crop Field 311 Sanitation Septage Hauling and Food Safety International and Domestic Activities to Increase Sales for Specialty Crops - 329 FINAL Scope Change Activities Michigan Onion Committee/Evaluation of Onion Varieties for Production in 343 Michigan Cherry Marketing Institute/ Improving Understanding of Spotted Wing 348 Drosophila (SWD) Host Preference to Develop Sustainable Control Programs in Michigan Tart Cherry Michigan Apple Committee/ Advertising and Social Media to Showcase Apple 355 Availability Michigan Asparagus Advisory Board/ Michigan Asparagus Marketing 360 MI Department of Agriculture & Rural Development - International Marketing 370 Program/ Michigan Specialty Crop Booth at Gulfood 2017 Michigan Department of Agriculture & Rural Development/ Michigan Impact 374 Analysis of the Specialty Crop Block Grants Years 2012, 2013, 2014 SUB-GRANTEE REPORTS PROJECT TITLE: MICHIGAN VEGETABLE COUNCIL - Development of Irrigation and Chemigation Practices in Michigan Asparagus - FINAL PROJECT SUMMARY An increasing number of asparagus growers in MI view irrigation as potentially beneficial for i) increasing yields through improved fern growth and root carbohydrate production during dry periods in July and August, and ii) improving spear quality through cooling during the harvest season. However, the impact of irrigation on pests of asparagus, and the potential to improve pest management through irrigation delivery and activation systems has not been extensively explored in MI. To address this knowledge gap, our project investigated the impact of irrigation on the incidence of key insect and weed pests and yields of two varieties of asparagus in a long term irrigation trial. Irrigation of asparagus during July and August resulted in increases in yield for the Guelph Millennium variety of approximately 10%, but had little or no benefit for the Jersey 3 Supreme variety. Irrigation had small and inconsistent direct effects on insect pests and beneficials, and no detectable effect on key weed species during the 2015 season. Chemigation with systemic insecticides can reduce insect damage, but this is currently not a commercially available option for asparagus growers. Chemigation is a method to deliver systemic insecticides into the root-zone of a plant, which is then taken up by the plant and expressed throughout the entire tissue. This technology is able to control many pest species and is commonly used in vegetable crops, asparagus being one exception. The most common way to manage insects in asparagus post-harvest is to use broadcast foliar spray applications of contact insecticides, but this is not effective in the case of the asparagus miner, because larvae are hidden inside the stems. If a systemic insecticide is incorporated into the tissue of the plant post-harvest, growers would have to spray less, and the insecticide would be able to reach insects within the plant tissue. This would especially be important in the early stages of the planting, when it is the most susceptible to asparagus miner colonization. Reducing damage to young plants may therefore have a long-term positive effect on production. Our goal is to test the efficacy of systemic insecticides on asparagus miners, asparagus beetles, and Japanese beetles, and measure the longevity of the effect as the asparagus field ages. This knowledge will give asparagus growers practical information for insect management. PROJECT APPROACH The effects of irrigation system (none, overhead or sub-surface drip) and asparagus variety (Millenium or Jersey Supreme) on key insect and weed species, as well as crop yield, were examined in a long-term irrigation trial established from crowns in 2010. Plots were arranged in a split-plot design with irrigation as the main plot factor, and variety the sub-plot factor. Main plots are 120’ x 20’ with four rows of asparagus on five foot spacing. Overhead irrigation was accomplished with a solid-set system mimicking center-pivot systems commonly used for other vegetables in the region. Sub-surface drip irrigation was accomplished with pressure- compensated drip tubing placed below the crown at planting. Irrigation was triggered when soil volumetric water content reached 50% of available water at a depth of two feet and was applied until soil water content reached field capacity based on readings from Diviner 2000 soil moisture monitoring system. Asparagus yields were evaluated from 120 row-ft in each plot on 21 harvest dates in May and June. To better understand the impacts of irrigation on key pests, we monitored the population dynamics of two herbicide resistant weeds—marestail and Powell amaranth-- in each plot at the end of the harvest period (early-June), and prior to a killing frost in late-October. The effects of irrigation and variety on insects were evaluated in all treatments by counting the number of asparagus miner mines at the base of
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