DOCSLIB.ORG

Attracting Butterflies to Your Central Florida Backyard

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Attracting Butterflies to Your Central Florida Backyard By Sharon LaPlante, Hernando Chapter FNPS Attracting butterflies to your backyard is a very Florida Nectar Plants rewarding experience and is quite possibly easier than you think. This is because the plants that are an Asclepia tuberosa integral part of a butterfly’s life cycle are all around is (Butterfly milkweed) Symphyotrichum carolinianum in nature and in our landscape. Butterflies require (Climbing aster) two entirely different types of plants to complete Bidens alba (Spanish needles) their life cycle. The food requirements of adult Carphephorus corymbosis (Paintbrush) butterflies are different than those of their young. Cirsium spp. (Thistle) Flower nectar is the preferred food choice of most Elephantopus elatus (Elephant’s foot) adult butterflies. When planting nectar flowers keep Erythrina herbacea (Coral bean) in mind that adult butterflies need sunlight in order Gaillardia pulchella (Blanket flower) to warm their wings; therefore, place the majority of Garberia heterophylla (Garberia) nectar plants in a sunny location. It is also important Glandularia tampensis (Tampa vervain) to plan your landscape to provide blooms Hamelia patens (Firebush) Ipomoea cordatotriloba (Morning glory) throughout the year to ensure a continuous supply Ipomoea hederifolia (Scarlet morning glory) of nectar. Female butterflies taste a variety of plants Liatris spp. (Blazing star) in order to locate the proper food source for their Lonicera sempervirens (Coral honeysuckle) young, and once the correct host plant is located will Prunus spp. (Wild plum and wild cherry) typically lay their eggs on the new growth. Each type Ruellia caroliniensis (Wild petunia) of butterfly uses a particular plant or family of plants Salvia coccinea (Tropical sage) to nourish its young and will on ly lay eggs on those Salvia lyrata (Lyre-leaf sage) plants. In order to attract the largest variety of Stokesia laevis (Stokes’ aster) butterflies, grow an abundance and variety of nectar Verbesina virginica (Frostweed) and larval food plants in several locations throughout Vernonia gigantea (Ironweed) your landscape. Caterpillars feed continuously and Florida Butterfly Facts voraciously for a few weeks until they have completed several molts (or instars) and are mature The giant swallowtail’s wingspan can reach up to 5 enough to pupate. Most then move away from the inches, making it our largest butterfly. host plant and search for a limb or twig on which to The eastern pygmy blue is approximately ½-inch in size, perform this last stage in their life. However, some making it our smallest butterfly. butterflies pupate in leaf litter. The last molt will Butterflies live an average of 2 to 4 weeks. develop into a very hard outer case called a chrysalis Monarch butterflies can live up to 8 months. Butterflies taste with sensory receptors on their feet. wherein metamorphosis takes place, and in The polydamas swallowtail doesn’t have tails. approximately two weeks an adult butterfly will Butterflies drink from mud puddles and water droplets. emerge. The most crucial caveat for butterfly There are over 160 species of butterflies in Florida. gardeners is do not use pesticides. A butterfly’s tongue is 3 times longer than its body. Caterpillar Food Sources BRUSH-FOOTED BUTTERFLIES If you plant it, they will come… So don’t be alarmed American painted lady –cudweed (Gnaphalium spp.) when it is eaten. It will grow back! Buckeye –blueheart (Buchnera americana), toadflax SWALLOWTAILS (Linaria canadensis), false foxglove (Agalinis) Black swallowtail – wild chervil (Chaerophyllum), wild Gulf fritillary – yellow passionflower (Passiflora lutea), carrot (Daucus), bishop’s weed (Ptilimnium capillaceum) maypop (P. incarnata), corky-stem passionvine (P. suberosa) Giant swallowtail – hoptree (Ptelea), Hercules’ club (Xanthoxylum clava-herculis), prickly ash (Xanthoxylum Phaeon crescent – carpetweed (Lippia nodiflora) americanum) Question mark – elm (Ulmus), hackberry (Celtis laevigata) Palamedes swallowtail – bay trees (Persea), spicebush Red Admiral – false nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica), (Lindera benzoin), pond spice (Litsea aestivalis) burning nettle (Urtica urens), pellitory (Parietaria) Pipevine swallowtail – pipevines (Aristolochia) Red-spotted purple – coastal plain willow (Salix caroliniana) Polydamas swallowtail – pipevines (Aristolochia) Variegated fritillary – passionvines (Passiflora), violets Spicebush swallowtail – bay trees (Persea), spicebush (Viola) (Lindera benzoin), pond spice (Litsea aestivalis) Viceroy – coastal plain willow (Salix caroliniana) Tiger swallowtail – ash (Fraxinus), tulip tree White peacock – water hyssop (Bacopa) (Liriodendrum tulipiferum), sweet bay (Magnolia Zebra – yellow passionflower (Passiflora lutea), maypop virginiana) (P. incarnata), corky-stem passionvine (P. suberosa) Zebra swallowtail – pawpaws (Asimina) BRUSH-FOOTED BUTTERFLIES WHITES Hackberry – elm (Ulmus), hackberry (Celtis laevigata) Checkered white – peppergrass (Lepidium virginicum) Tawny emperor – elm (Ulmus), hackberry (Celtis laevigata) European cabbage white – peppergrass (Lepidium MILKWEED BUTTERFLIES virginicum) Monarch – milkweeds (Asclepias), white vine Great southern white – saltwort (Batis maritima), sea (Sarcostemma) rocket (Cakile), peppergrass (Lepidium virginicum) Queen – milkweeds (Asclepias), white vine SULPHURS (Sarcostemma) Barred sulphur – joint vetch (Aeschynomene), pencil Soldier – milkweeds (Asclepias), white vine flower (Stylosanthus) (Sarcostemma) Cloudless sulphur – partridge pea (Chamaecrista), SATYRS cassia (Senna) Carolina satyr – grasses (Poaceae) such as wood oats Dainty sulphur – Spanish needles (Bidens alba) SNOUT BUTTERFLY BLUES Snout butterfly – elm (Ulmus), hackberry (Celtis laevigata) Cassius blue – milk pea (Galactia), wild plumbago SKIPPERS (partial list) (Plumbago scandens) Giant yucca skipper – yucca (Yucca) Ceraunus blue – alicia (Chapmannia floridana) Long-tailed skipper – beggarweed (Desmodium incanum) Eastern pygmy blue – glasswort (Salicornia), saltwort (Batis) HAIRSTREAKS *Consult a field guide to learn more about the butterflies in our area Gray hairstreak – partridge pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) Great purple hairstreak – mistletoe (Poradendron serotinum) Red-banded hairstreak – oaks (Quercus) White M hairstreak – oaks (Quercus) Glassberg, J., Marc Minno, & John Calhoun. Butterflies Through Binoculars: Florida Oxford University Pres 2000 Minno, Marc & Maria, Florida Butterfly Gardening. University Press of Florida: Gainesville, FL. 1999. .
Recommended publications
  • Fort Benning Training Areas

    Fort Benning Training Areas

    FINAL REPORT Impacts of Military Training and Land Management on Threatened and Endangered Species in the Southeastern Fall Line Sandhills Communities SERDP Project SI-1302 MAY 2009 Dr. Rebecca R. Sharitz Dr. Donald W. Imm Ms. Kathryn R. Madden Dr. Beverly S. Collins Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia This document has been approved for public release. This report was prepared under contract to the Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). The publication of this report does not indicate endorsement by the Department of Defense, nor should the contents be construed as reflecting the official policy or position of the Department of Defense. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Department of Defense. i Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations …………………………………………………… iv List of Figures……………………………………………………………………...v List of Tables……………………………………………………………………...vii Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………….viii 1. Executive Summary………..………………………………………………… 1 2. Objectives……………………………………………………………………. 5 3. Background………………………………………………....………………... 6 4. Materials and Methods……..………………………………………………… 8 4.1. Characterize sandhills and related xeric woodlands and discriminate from adjacent forests………………………………………………… 8 4.2. Spatial analyses and mapping of sandhills and related xeric woodland communities and comparison with spatial information on forest management and military activities………………………… 9 4.3. Effects of forest understory control practices used to maintain RCW habitat on sandhills plant communities………………………... 9 4.4. Habitat characterization of selected TES plant species……………… 10 4.5. Development of habitat models for TES plants and identification of potential additional suitable habitat……………………………….. 11 4.6.
  • Environmental Assessment (EA) Is Tiered to Other Environmental Documents That Are Available for Review at the Lake George Ranger District Office

    Environmental Assessment (EA) Is Tiered to Other Environmental Documents That Are Available for Review at the Lake George Ranger District Office

    United States Department of Environmental Agriculture Forest Assessment Service March, 2011 Hog Valley Scrub PALS No. 25932 Lake George Ranger District, Ocala National Forest Marion and Putnam Counties, Florida For Information Contact: Mike Herrin, District Ranger 17147 E. Hwy 40 Silver Springs, FL 34488 352-625-2520 [email protected] The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion. age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Table of Contents Page INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………. 2 Background ………………………………………………………………………………... 2 Purpose and Need for Action …………………………………………………………….... 2 Proposed Action ………………………………………………………………………….... 3 Decision Framework ………………………………………………………………………. 4 Public Involvement ………………………………………………………………………... 4 Issues ………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 ALTERNATIVES ………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Alternatives ………………………………………………………………………………..
  • Great Wildflowers for Dry Landscapes

    Great Wildflowers for Dry Landscapes

    Great Wildflowers for Dry Landscapes Landscaping with Florida’s native wildflowers and plants provides refuge for birds, bees and butterflies while creating “habitat highways” through urban settings. / bob peterson (cc by 2.0) / bob peterson (cc by Many Florida landscapes have sandy soils that are naturally dry and well-drained, even after heavy rain. Instead of mulching or amending lantana involucrata these soils, embrace them and create a unique landscape by planting native wildflowers and grasses suited to dry conditions. Plan for Success Your palette of native plants should be made up of species naturally found in your Florida locale. Look for small- to Planting and Establishment medium-size shrubs, perennial wildflowers and grasses Many of Florida’s native plants and found in sandhills, flatwoods, dune systems and other xeric wildflowers do well in dry conditions. However, ecosystems. Consider bloom season and mature plant size they must be established properly to get off to a when choosing and placing plants. Plan to use wildflowers good start. Dig a hole twice the circumference as in groups of five to seven for visual impact and pollinator the pot. Loosen the plant’s roots and install it even attraction. with the ground. Water liberally and keep soil moist for two to three weeks. Gradually taper off Care watering to weekly for four to six weeks if there is no substantial rainfall. A light mulching with pine Prune ground-covering plants such as vines or low- straw can help reduce evapotranspiration and branching wildflowers as needed to keep them contained wilting. to the bed.
  • Pineland Chaffhead (Carphephorus Carnosus Aka Litrisa Carnosa)

    Pineland Chaffhead (Carphephorus Carnosus Aka Litrisa Carnosa)

    Pineland chaffhead (Carphephorus carnosus aka Litrisa carnosa) For definitions of botanical terms, visit en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_botanical_terms. Pineland chaffhead is a short-lived perennial wildflower that occurs naturally in wet pine flatwoods, savannas and seepage slopes. It typically blooms in late summer through early fall and attracts butterflies, moths and other pollinators. It is endemic to only 13 Central and South Florida counties. The plant’s many purple rayless flowers are borne in broad terminal corymbs. Each flower is held by several hairy, spine-tipped bracts. The flower stalk emerges from a basal rosette of narrow, pointed leaves with entire margins. Stem leaves are significantly reduced. Stems are finely pubescent. Fruits are whitish pubescent achenes. Some botanists have separated most species of the genus Carphephorus into the genera Litrisa and Trilisa. Both genera names are anagrams of the genus Liatris, whose flowers have a similar appearance toCarphephorus Photo by Mary Keim flowers. Pineland chaffhead is the only species in the genus Litrisa. Family: Asteraceae (Aster, composite or daisy family) Native range: Central peninsula, Charlotte, Lee and Martin counties To see where natural populations of Pineland chaffhead have been vouchered, visit www.florida.plantatlas.usf.edu. Hardiness: Zones 8–9 Soil: Wet to moderately dry sandy soils Exposure: Full sun Growth habit: 1–2’ tall Propagation: Seed Garden tips: Pineland chaffhead is drought tolerant in winter and spring, but needs plenty of water to survive the hot summer months. Pineland chaffhead plants are occasionally available from nurseries that specialize in Florida native plants. Visit www.PlantRealFlorida.org to find a nursery in your area.
  • Lyonia Preserve Plant Checklist

    Lyonia Preserve Plant Checklist

    Lyonia Preserve Plant Checklist Volusia County, Florida Aceraceae (Maple) Asteraceae (Aster) Red Maple Acer rubrum Bitterweed Helenium amarum Blackroot Pterocaulon virgatum Agavaceae (Yucca) Blazing Star Liatris sp. Adam's Needle Yucca filamentosa Blazing Star Liatris tenuifolia Nolina Nolina brittoniana Camphorweed Heterotheca subaxillaris Spanish Bayonet Yucca aloifolia Cudweed Gnaphalium falcatum Dog Fennel Eupatorium capillifolium Amaranthaceae (Amaranth) Dwarf Horseweed Conyza candensis Cottonweed Froelichia floridana False Dandelion Pyrrhopappus carolinianus Fireweed Erechtites hieracifolia Anacardiaceae (Cashew) Garberia Garberia heterophylla Winged Sumac Rhus copallina Goldenaster Pityopsis graminifolia Goldenrod Solidago chapmanii Annonaceae (Custard Apple) Goldenrod Solidago fistulosa Flag Paw paw Asimina obovata Goldenrod Solidago spp. Mohr's Throughwort Eupatorium mohrii Apiaceae (Celery) Ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia Dollarweed Hydrocotyle sp. Saltbush Baccharis halimifolia Spanish Needles Bidens alba Apocynaceae (Dogbane) Wild Lettuce Lactuca graminifolia Periwinkle Catharathus roseus Brassicaceae (Mustard) Aquifoliaceae (Holly) Poorman's Pepper Lepidium virginicum Gallberry Ilex glabra Sand Holly Ilex ambigua Bromeliaceae (Airplant) Scrub Holly Ilex opaca var. arenicola Ball Moss Tillandsia recurvata Spanish Moss Tillandsia usneoides Arecaceae (Palm) Saw Palmetto Serenoa repens Cactaceae (Cactus) Scrub Palmetto Sabal etonia Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa Asclepiadaceae (Milkweed) Caesalpinceae Butterfly Weed Asclepias
  • Plants of the Volusia Sandhill Herbaceous Plants Common Name

    Plants of the Volusia Sandhill Herbaceous Plants Common Name

    Plants of the Volusia Sandhill Herbaceous plants Common name Latin name Plant Family Twinflower Dyschoriste oblongifolia Acanthaceae Carolina wild petunia Ruellia caroliniensis Acanthaceae Adam's needle Yucca filamentosa Agavaceae Cottonweed Froelichia floridana Amaranthaceae Pinelands milkweed Asclepias humistrata Apocynaceae Butterflyweed Asclepias tuberosa Apocynaceae Velvetleaf milkweed Asclepias tomentosa Apocynaceae Florida Indian Plantain Arnoglossum floridanum Asteraceae Silkgrass Pityopsis graminfolia Asteraceae Florida paintbrush Carphephorus corymbosus Asteraceae Goldenrod Solidago odora Asteraceae Rose-rush Lygodesmia aphylla Asteraceae Florida Green-eyes Berlandiera subacaulis Asteraceae Firewheel Gaillardia pulchella Asteraceae Shortleaf gayfeather Liatris tenuifolia Asteraceae Coastal-plain palafox Palafoxia integrifolia Asteraceae Ironweed Vernonia angustifolia Asteraceae Starry rosinweed Silphium asteriscus Asteraceae Lanceleaf tickseed Coreopsis lanceolata Asteraceae Rayless sunflower Helianthus radula Asteraceae Pricklypear Opuntia humifusa Cactaceae Gopher apple Geobalanus oblongifolius Chrysobalanaceae Pinebarren frostweed Crocanthemum corymbosum Cistaceae Atlantic St. Johns-wort Hypericum tenuifolium Clusiaceae Coastalplain dawnflower Stylisma patens Convolvulaceae Rushfoil Croton michauxii Euphorbiaceae Partridge pea Chamaecrista fasciculata Fabaceae Coralbean Erythrina herbacea Fabaceae Bastard false indigo Amorpha fruticosa Fabaceae Florida alicia Chapmannia floridana Fabaceae Buckroot Pediomelum canescens Fabaceae
  • Tallamy2 -Woody Plants by Lep Ranking.Xlsx

    Tallamy2 -Woody Plants by Lep Ranking.Xlsx

    Family per Family per Native Exotic Total Woody/ Genus Common Name Origin USDA Robinson'02 Lep spp Lep spp Lep spp Herb. Caprifoliaceae Caprifoliaceae Abelia abelia alien 1 0 1 w Malvaceae Malvaceae Abelmoschus okra alien 11 0 11 h Pinaceae Pinaceae Abies fir native 113 4 117 w Malvaceae Malvaceae Abutilon indian mallow, velvet leaf alien 4 1 5 h Fabaceae Leguminosae Acacia acacia, wattle native 10 1 11 w Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Acalypha copperleaf native 3 0 3 h Asteraceae Asteraceae Acanthospermum starburr native 0 0 0 h Aceraceae Aceraceae Acer maple, boxelder native 287 10 297 w Asteraceae Compositae Achillea yarrow, sneezeweed native 20 1 21 h Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae Achyranthes chaff flower alien 0 0 0 h Calyceraceae Calyceraceae Acicarpha acicarpha alien 0 0 0 h Lamiaceae Lamiaceae Acinos basil thyme alien 0 0 0 h Asteraceae Asteraceae Acmella spotflower alien 0 0 0 h Ranunculaceae Ranunculaceae Aconitum monkshood native 3 0 3 h Acoraceae Acoraceae Acorus sweetflag native 0 0 0 h Ranunculaceae Ranunculaceae Actaea baneberry, bugbane native 4 0 4 h Pteridaceae Adiantaceae Adiantum maidenhair fern native 0 0 0 h Fumariaceae Fumariaceae Adlumia Allegheny vine native 0 0 0 w Ranunculaceae Ranunculaceae Adonis muskroot, pheasant's eye alien 0 0 0 h Adoxaceae Adoxaceae Adoxa adoxa native 0 0 0 h Poaceae Poaceae Aegilops goatgrass alien 0 0 0 h Apiaceae Umbelliferae Aegopodium goutweed alien 1 0 1 h Fabaceae Leguminosae Aeschynomene shyleaf, jointvetch native 1 0 1 h Hippocastanaceae Hippocastanaceae Aesculus horsechestnut, buckeye
  • Lakefront Restoration and Aquascaping

    Lakefront Restoration and Aquascaping

    TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction………………………………………………………………1 Basic Components of Aquatic Ecosystems………………………………2 Littoral Zone Planting and Aquascaping…………………………………4 Typical Plant Plan for a 100 ft Lakefront…………………………………7 Bioscape Species List……………………………………………………..8 Maintenance…...…………………………………………………………16 Permiting…………………………………………………………………17 Additional Homeowner Actions…………………………………………19 ii INTRODUCTION Lakefront homeowners can have major impacts on the water quality, habitat value and productivity of lakes and ponds. Through their actions they sometimes unwittingly promote the decline of the resource they enjoy the most. The cumulative effects of such things as clearing shoreline vegetation, installing septic tanks too close to the lake, fertilizer and pesticide run—off from lawns, and inflow of storm water have caused most urban and populated lakes to show signs of degradation or even total eutrophication. Our years of work as environmental consultants have introduced us to many examples of the problems described above and to many concerned people who want to remedy the situation as much as possible. We have found that most lakefront owners are willing to give up their white sandy beaches and work hard at protecting their lakes, once they really understand how to do so. At Biosphere Consulting we have volunteered a lot of time working with various groups and educating individuals about aquatic ecosystems. We maintain a nursery and farm where we propagate and conduct research on native plant species and restoration. One of our main projects is to introduce the concept of landscaping to improve or create habitat for native species. We have coined the word BIOSCAPE to describe this process and we are now researching and writing about methods and species to be used, both wetland and upland.
  • Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park

    Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park

    Wekiva River Basin State Parks Approved Unit Management Plan STATE OF FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Division of Recreation and Parks October 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................1 PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PARK ....................................... 1 Park Significance ................................................................................2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE PLAN..................................................... 7 MANAGEMENT PROGRAM OVERVIEW ................................................... 9 Management Authority and Responsibility .............................................. 9 Park Management Goals ...................................................................... 9 Management Coordination ................................................................. 10 Public Participation ............................................................................ 10 Other Designations ........................................................................... 10 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COMPONENT INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 13 RESOURCE DESCRIPTION AND ASSESSMENT..................................... 19 Natural Resources ............................................................................. 19 Topography .................................................................................. 19 Geology ......................................................................................
  • Understory Plant Community Response to Season of Burn in Natural Longleaf Pine Forests

    Understory Plant Community Response to Season of Burn in Natural Longleaf Pine Forests

    UNDERSTORY PLANT COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO SEASON OF BURN IN NATURAL LONGLEAF PINE FORESTS John S. Kush and Ralph S. Meldahl School of Forestry, 108 M. White Smith Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849 William D. Boyer U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 520 Devall Street, Auburn, AL 36849 ABSTRACT A season of burn study· was initiated in 1973 on the EscambiaExperimental Forest, near Brewton, Alabama. All study plots were established in l4-year-old longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) stands. Treatments conSisted of biennial burns in winter, spring, and summer, plus a no-burn check. Objectives of the current study were to determine composition and structure of understory plant communities after 22 years of seasonal burning, identify changes since last sampling in 1982, arid assess the structure of the communities that stabilized under each treatment regime. There were 114 species on biennial winter~burned plots, compared to 104 on spring- and summer-burned and 84 with no burning. The woody understory biomass «1 centimeter diameter at breast height) increased with all treatments compared with 1982. Grass and legume biomass increased with winter and spring burning. Forb biomass decreased across treatments. keywords: biomass, longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, plant response, prescribed fire, south Alabama, understory. Citation: Kush, 1.S., R$. Meldahl, and W.D. Boyer. 2000. Understory plant community response to season of burn in natural longleaf pine forests. Pages 32-39 inW Keith Moser and Cynthia F. Moser (eds.). Fire and forest ecology: innovative silviculture and vegetation management. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference Proceedings, No. 21. Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL.
  • Guide for Constructed Wetlands

    Guide for Constructed Wetlands

    A Maintenance Guide for Constructed of the Southern WetlandsCoastal Plain Cover The constructed wetland featured on the cover was designed and photographed by Verdant Enterprises. Photographs Photographs in this books were taken by Christa Frangiamore Hayes, unless otherwise noted. Illustrations Illustrations for this publication were taken from the works of early naturalists and illustrators exploring the fauna and flora of the Southeast. Legacy of Abundance We have in our keeping a legacy of abundant, beautiful, and healthy natural communities. Human habitat often closely borders important natural wetland communities, and the way that we use these spaces—whether it’s a back yard or a public park—can reflect, celebrate, and protect nearby natural landscapes. Plant your garden to support this biologically rich region, and let native plant communities and ecologies inspire your landscape. A Maintenance Guide for Constructed of the Southern WetlandsCoastal Plain Thomas Angell Christa F. Hayes Katherine Perry 2015 Acknowledgments Our thanks to the following for their support of this wetland management guide: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (grant award #NA14NOS4190117), Georgia Department of Natural Resources (Coastal Resources and Wildlife Divisions), Coastal WildScapes, City of Midway, and Verdant Enterprises. Additionally, we would like to acknowledge The Nature Conservancy & The Orianne Society for their partnership. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of DNR, OCRM or NOAA. We would also like to thank the following professionals for their thoughtful input and review of this manual: Terrell Chipp Scott Coleman Sonny Emmert Tom Havens Jessica Higgins John Jensen Christi Lambert Eamonn Leonard Jan McKinnon Tara Merrill Jim Renner Dirk Stevenson Theresa Thom Lucy Thomas Jacob Thompson Mayor Clemontine F.
  • Hybridization in Compositae

    Hybridization in Compositae

    Hybridization in Compositae Dr. Edward Schilling University of Tennessee Tennessee – not Texas, but we still grow them big! [email protected] Ayres Hall – University of Tennessee campus in Knoxville, Tennessee University of Tennessee Leucanthemum vulgare – Inspiration for school colors (“Big Orange”) Compositae – Hybrids Abound! Changing view of hybridization: once consider rare, now known to be common in some groups Hotspots (Ellstrand et al. 1996. Proc Natl Acad Sci, USA 93: 5090-5093) Comparison of 5 floras (British Isles, Scandanavia, Great Plains, Intermountain, Hawaii): Asteraceae only family in top 6 in all 5 Helianthus x multiflorus Overview of Presentation – Selected Aspects of Hybridization 1. More rather than less – an example from the flower garden 2. Allopolyploidy – a changing view 3. Temporal diversity – Eupatorium (thoroughworts) 4. Hybrid speciation/lineages – Liatrinae (blazing stars) 5. Complications for phylogeny estimation – Helianthinae (sunflowers) Hybrid: offspring between two genetically different organisms Evolutionary Biology: usually used to designated offspring between different species “Interspecific Hybrid” “Species” – problematic term, so some authors include a description of their species concept in their definition of “hybrid”: Recognition of Hybrids: 1. Morphological “intermediacy” Actually – mixture of discrete parental traits + intermediacy for quantitative ones In practice: often a hybrid will also exhibit traits not present in either parent, transgressive Recognition of Hybrids: 1. Morphological “intermediacy” Actually – mixture of discrete parental traits + intermediacy for quantitative ones In practice: often a hybrid will also exhibit traits not present in either parent, transgressive 2. Genetic “additivity” Presence of genes from each parent Recognition of Hybrids: 1. Morphological “intermediacy” Actually – mixture of discrete parental traits + intermediacy for quantitative ones In practice: often a hybrid will also exhibit traits not present in either parent, transgressive 2.