Jörg Rogge (ed.) Cultural History in Europe
Mainz Historical Cultural Sciences | Volume 5 Editorial
The Mainzer Historische Kulturwissenschaften [Mainz Historical Cultural Sciences] series publishes the results of research that develops methods and theories of cultural sciences in connection with empirical research. The central approach is a historical perspective for cultural sciences, whereby both epochs and regions can differ widely and be treated in an all-embracing manner from time to time. The series brings together, among other things, research appro- aches in archaeology, art history and visualistic, philosophy, literary studies and history, and is open for contributions on the history of knowledge, political cul- ture, the history of perceptions, experiences and life-worlds, as well as other fields of research with a historical cultural scientific orientation. The objective of the Mainzer Historische Kulturwissenschaften series is to be- come a platform for pioneering works and current discussions in the field of historical cultural sciences.
The series is edited by the Co-ordinating Committee of the Special Research Group Historical Cultural Sciences (HKW) at the Johannes Gutenberg Univer- sity Mainz.
Jörg Rogge (ed.) Cultural History in Europe Institutions – Themes – Perspectives
The Conference on Cultural History in Europe was sponsored by the DFG. The Print was sponsored by the Research Focus Historical Cultural Sciences (HKW).
An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative ini- tiative designed to make high quality books Open Access for the public good.
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© 2011 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld Cover layout: Kordula Röckenhaus, Bielefeld Proofread by Cathleen Sarti, Mainz Typeset by Justine Haida, Bielefeld Printed by Majuskel Medienproduktion GmbH, Wetzlar ISBN 978-3-8376-1724-5 ISBN 978-3-8394-1724-9 CONTENTS
Welcome Address ...... 7 ULRICH FÖRSTERMANN
Traditions, Topics and Trends in Cultural History in Europe—an Introduction ...... 11 JÖRG ROGGE
From Ethnology and Folklore Studies to Cultural History in Scandinavia ...... 31 ANNE ERIKSEN
Traditions of Cultural History in Finland, 1900-2000 ...... 45 HANNU SALMI
The Practice of Cultural History in Britain ...... 63 LUDMILLA JORDANOVA
The Cultural History MA at the University of Aberdeen, DSHUVRQDOUHÀHFWLRQ ...... 79 NICK FISHER
Perspectives of the Cultural History in Latvia: The 20th century and beyond ...... 91 0Ă57,Ƅä0,17$856 A would-be science? A History of Material Culture in Poland before and after the year 1989 ...... 125 ,*25.Ć.2/(:6.,
Achievements and Contradictions in the Writing and Teaching of Cultural History in Hungary ...... 141 $1'5($3(7ł
Beyond the Alpine Myth, Across the Linguistic Ditch Cultural History in Switzerland ...... 157 CHRISTOF DEJUNG
What’s new about the New Cultural History? An exemplary survey of the Austrian academic community ...... 171 CHRISTINA LUTTER
We’ve only just begun Cultural History in Germany ...... 191 $&+,0/$1':(+5
Cultural History in Spain History of Culture and Cultural History: same paths and outcomes? ...... 211 CAROLINA RODRÍGUEZ-LÓPEZ
Cultural History in Italy ...... 239 ALESSANDRO ARCANGELI
Contributors ...... 257 Welcome Address
ULRICH FÖRSTERMANN, VICE-PRESIDENT FOR RESEARCH, JOHANNES GUTENBERG-UNIVERSITY, MAINZ
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8 Welcome Address
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Traditions, Topics and Trends in Cultural History in Europe—an Introduction1
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11 Jörg Rogge
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12 Traditions, Topics and Trends in Cultural History in Europe—an Introduction
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14 Traditions, Topics and Trends in Cultural History in Europe—an Introduction
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16 Traditions, Topics and Trends in Cultural History in Europe—an Introduction
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24 Traditions, Topics and Trends in Cultural History in Europe—an Introduction
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26 Traditions, Topics and Trends in Cultural History in Europe—an Introduction
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28 Traditions, Topics and Trends in Cultural History in Europe—an Introduction
Literature
ARCANGELI, ALESSANDRO HG /DVWRULDFXOWXUDOHXQDVYROWDQHOODVWRULRJUDÀD PRQGLDOH"9HURQD BURKE, PETER,3DSLHUXQG0DUNWJHVFKUHL'LH*HEXUWGHU:LVVHQVJHVHOOVFKDIW Berlin 2002. 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This reconstructionDWWKDWWLPHFRQVLVWHGLQUHYLVLQJWKHEDVHVRI WKHKXPDQLWLHVDQGVRFLDOVFLHQFHVLQWKHVHQVHRI6WDOLQLVWYXOJDU0DU[LVPWKH FRUHRIZKLFKLQWXUQUHSUHVHQWHGWKHFRQFHSWRIWKHSKLORVRSK\RIhistorical materialism7KH3ROLVK$FDGHP\RI6FLHQFHVIRXQGHGLQWKHVIDFLOLWDWHG the methodological reconstruction,WVWDVNZDVWRFHQWUDOLVH3ROLVKVFLHQFH7KH UXOHUV·LQWHQWLRQZDVWKDWWKHVFLHQWLVWVLQWKHLQVWLWXWHVRIWKH3$6FXWRIIIURP WHDFKLQJZRUNDWWKHXQLYHUVLWLHVZRXOGDWWUDFWRWKHUVFKRODUVWRIROORZWKHQDQG RUJDQLVHVFLHQFHIROORZLQJWKHPRGHORIWKH$FDGHP\RI6FLHQFHVRIWKH6RYLHW 8QLRQ7KH,QVWLWXWHRI+LVWRU\RIWKH3$6FDPHLQWREHLQJLQ7KHWDNH- RYHURILWVPDQDJHPHQWE\DJURXSRIDUGHQWprogressive historians³DVUDGLFDO 0DU[LVWVZKRZHUHOLQNHGZLWKWKHVWUXFWXUHVRIWKH3ROLVK8QLWHG:RUNHUV· 3DUW\ 38:3 ZHUHFDOOHGDWWKDWWLPH³ZDVKRZHYHUWKZDUWHG6KRUWO\DIWHU WKH,+0&3$6ZDVEURXJKWLQWREHLQJZKLFKZDVLQWHQGHGWRSURSDJDWHWKH newVSHFLÀFDOO\0DU[LVWVFLHQWLÀFEUDQFK³WKHKLVWRU\RIPDWHULDOFXOWXUH$W WKHVDPHWLPHWKH,+0&ZDVLQWHQGHGWREHFRPHDSODWIRUPIRULQWHUGLVFLSOLQ- DU\UHVHDUFKZLWKLQWKHWULDQJOHArchaeology-Ethnography-History of Material Culture,QFRQFUHWHWHUPVLWVWDVNZDVWROLQNWRJHWKHUUHVHDUFKSUREOHPVRI VRFDOOHGSUHKLVWRULFDQGHDUO\PHGLHYDODUFKDHRORJ\FODVVLFDODUFKDHRORJ\WKH KLVWRU\RIWKHPDWHULDOFXOWXUHRIWKH0LGGOH$JHVDQGWKH0RGHUQ3HULRGDV ZHOODVHWKQRJUDSK\ )URPRQDWWKHODWHVWLWVGHYHORSPHQWZDVDFFRPSDQLHGE\DZLGH PHWKRGRORJLFDOGHEDWH,WVNH\SDUWLFLSDQWZDV3URI.D]LPLHU]0DMHZVNL³a &ODVVLFDO$UFKDHRORJLVW%HIRUHWKH6HFRQG:RUOG:DUKHKDGEHHQDOHFWXUHUDW WKHWKHQ3ROLVK8QLYHUVLW\RI/ZyZDQGDWWKHVDPHWLPHVXSSRUWHURI3RODQG·V &RPPXQLVW3DUW\GXULQJWKH6RYLHWRFFXSDWLRQ DQGDJDLQDIWHU 2QWKHJHQHVLVDVZHOODVWKHRUJDQLVDWLRQDOEHJLQQLQJVRIWKH,+0&3$6FIDPRQJ others, 587.2:6.,SIDVZHOODVWKHUHSRUW,QVW\WXWS 126 A history of material culture in Poland before and after the year 1989 KHZDV+HDGRIWKH&KDLURI$QFLHQW+LVWRU\DWWKHQRZ8NUDLQLDQ6RYLHW8QL- YHUVLW\RIijYLYDIWHUKHEHFDPH3URIHVVRUDWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI:URFãDZ DQGÀQDOO\DIWHUÀUVW'LUHFWRURIWKH,+0&3$63,QKLVSURJUDPPDWLF DUWLFOHIURPKHGHÀQHGWKHKLVWRU\RIPDWHULDOFXOWXUHDVDFRPSOHWHO\VRY- HUHLJQDFDGHPLFGLVFLSOLQH³DORQJVLGHOHJDODQGHFRQRPLFKLVWRU\³for research LQWRWKHVRFLDOWHFKQLFDOVLGHRISURGXFWLRQEXWDOVRLQWRVRFDOOHGdistribution LQ0DU[·VPHWDODQJXDJHDVZHOODVFRQVXPSWLRQ 7KHNH\UROHLQWKLVZDVSOD\HGE\PHWKRGRORJLFDOWKHRUHWLFDOSUHUHTXLVLWHV RI.DUO0DU[·Vhistoric materialismLQLWVYDULDQWULFKO\GHFRUDWHGZLWK6WDOLQ- LVWYXOJDUIRUPXODWLRQVZKLFKZDVUHJDUGHGDVWKHEDVLVIRUWKHQHZGLVFLSOLQH ,QDGGLWLRQDWWKLVWLPHLWZDVXVXDODQGLQGHHGQHFHVVDU\WRLQFOXGHTXRWDWLRQV IURPWKH6RYLHWGLFWDWRU·VVXSSRVHGFROOHFWHGZRUNVLQHYHU\PRUHLPSRUWDQW SXEOLFDWLRQ7KHVHLGHRORJLFDOSUHUHTXLVLWHVFDQEHVXPPDULVHGLQWKHIROORZLQJ ZD\7KHQHZ0DU[LVWKLVWRU\RIPDWHULDOFXOWXUHZDVLQWHQGHGWRGHDODERYH DOOZLWKWKH´VRFLDOWHFKQLFDOWKXVPDWHULDOVLGHRIWKHSURGXFWLRQSURFHVVµDQG UHVHDUFKLQWRWKH´ZRUNLQJLPSOHPHQWVDQGPDWHULDOSURGXFWVZKLFKKDGEHHQ FUHDWHGZLWKWKHKHOSRIWKHVHWRROVDVZHOODVSHRSOH·VDWWLWXGHWRWKHVHWRROV DQGWRWKHIRUFHVRIQDWXUHZKLFKZHUHXWLOLVHGLQSURGXFWLRQLQWKHLUKLVWRULFDO GHYHORSPHQWµ4 7KLVGHÀQLWLRQLVFKDUDFWHULVWLFIRUWZRUHDVRQV2QWKHRQHKDQGWKH0DU[- LVWSKLORVRSK\RIKLVWRULFDOPDWHULDOLVPFRQYLQFHGLWLVWUXHRIWKHLQWHJULW\RI WKHKLVWRULFDOSURFHVVDQGWKHQHHGIRULWVFRPSOH[YLHZSXWVWKHPDLQHPSKDVLV DERYHDOORQUHVHDUFKLQWRWKHVRFDOOHGbasis of the historical process which LVFRQQHFWHGZLWKWKHmanufacture of material cultural objects. On the other KDQGUHVHDUFKLQWRWKHVRFDOOHGsuperstructure, thus the intellectual culture, ZDVWUHDWHGLIQRWZLWKFOHDUFRQWHPSWWKHQLWZDVDWOHDVWDFFRUGHGDsubordi- QDWHKLVWRULFDOVLJQLÀFDQFHDVDFRQVHTXHQFHVRIWKHWUDQVIRUPDWLRQLQPDWHULDO culture. ,QDGGLWLRQWKHVHFRQGPDLQHPSKDVLVRI0DU[LVWKLVWRU\RIPDWHULDOFXOWXUH OD\LQUHVHDUFKDERYHDOOLQWRWKHtechnical-social side of the production pro- cessWRDVPDOOHUH[WHQWE\FRPSDULVRQLQWRWKHWHFKQLFDOVRFLDOVLGHRISKHQRP- HQDZKLFKZHUHFRQQHFWHGHJZLWKWUDGHRUFRQVXPSWLRQ%\WKHZD\WKLVTXLWH VLPSO\UHÁHFWHGWKHIDFWWKDWLQWKH&RPPXQLVWLGHRORJ\RIWKDWWLPHWKHPDLQ LPSRUWDQFHZDVDWWDFKHGWRLQGXVWULDOLVDWLRQDQGWKHGHYHORSPHQWRILQGXVWULDO SURGXFWLRQDVWKHPDLQIDFWRUVRIHFRQRPLFGHYHORSPHQWDQGDWWKHVDPHWLPH WKHVLJQLÀFDQFHRIWUDGHDQGFRQVXPSWLRQZDVEHOLWWOHG&KDUDFWHULVWLFIRUWKH 3 587.2:6.,, 2007, p. 54. 4 0$-(:6.,S 127 ,JRU.ÞDNROHZVNL QHZEUDQFKRIKLVWRULFDOVFLHQFHLQ3RODQGZDVWKDWLWIHOOEDFNRQWKH6RYLHW PRGHOWKXVWKHIDFWWKDWDQ,QVWLWXWHIRUWKH+LVWRU\RI0DWHULDO&XOWXUHDOVR RSHUDWHGLQWKH6RYLHW8QLRQ5 $WWKHVDPHWLPHLQWKHVDPHQXPEHURIWKHPDLQRUJDQRIWKH,+0&WKH SHULRGLFDO Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej 4XDUWHUO\ RI WKH +LVWRU\ RI0DWHULDO&XOWXUH ³DSDUWIURPWKHLGHRORJLVHGPDQLIHVWRE\.D]LPLHU]0D- jewski6³an authoritativeWH[WIRUWKHQHZÀHOGRIUHVHDUFKDSSHDUHGZKLFKZDV RQO\OLWWOHKDPSHUHGE\WKHVW\OLVWLFVRIWKHRIÀFLDOLGHRORJ\,WLVDQH[WHQVLYH VWXG\RIWKHEHJLQQLQJVRIWKHPRGHUQKRUVHGUDZQFDUWE\-y]HI0DWXV]HZVNL ZKRHYHQEHIRUHWKH6HFRQG:RUOG:DUWKDQNVWRDVFKRODUVKLSDWWKH)UHQFK eFROHGHV&KDUWUHVZDVZHOODFTXDLQWHGZLWKWKHODWHVW)UHQFKKLVWRULRJUDSK\7 +HDGRSWHGWKHWKHRULHVRI5LFKDUG/HIHEYUHGH1RWHVDQRXWVWDQGLQJWHFKQLFDO KLVWRULDQDQG´VKRZHGVXFFLQFWO\DOPRVWEROGO\WKHLPSRUWDQFHRIUHVHDUFKLQWR PDWHULDOFXOWXUHIRUVWXGLHVRIFLYLOLVDWLRQDVVXFKµ In his article, Matuszewski VKRZHGKRZWKHSULQFLSOHRIWKHKRUVH·VKDUQHVVGHULYHGIURPWKHDQFLHQW\RNH PHDQWWKDWWKHKRUVHE\SXOOLQJZLWKLWVQHFNZDVXQDEOHWRXWLOLVHDOOLWVPRWRU SRVVLELOLWLHVKRZHYHU0DWXV]HZVNLGLGQRWDJUHHZLWKGH1RWHVZKRFODLPHG 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WZRH[WHQVLYHWH[WVSURSDJDWLQJWKHFRPPHQFHPHQWRIODUJHVFDOHVWXGLHVRQ WKHKLVWRU\RIPDWHULDOFXOWXUH10,QWKLVFRQQHFWLRQ5XWNRZVNLVNHWFKHGRXWWKH KLVWRU\RIWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIFXOWXUDOKLVWRU\EHJLQQLQJZLWK7KRPDV%XFNOH DQG-DFRE%XUFNKDUGW³WKHIRXQGLQJIDWKHUVRIWKLVEUDQFKRIKLVWRULFDOVWXGLHV DURXQGWKHPLGthFHQWXU\³DQGDOVRLOOXVWUDWLQJthe subdivision of culture and its history into the history of material, social and intellectual culture, generally accepted at that time in European scholarship)RUWKLVUHDVRQKLVVWDQGSRLQW FDQEHGHVFULEHGDVEHLQJholistic.+HPDLQWDLQHGWKDWEDVLFDOO\LQWHOOHFWXDODQG PDWHULDOFXOWXUHVKRXOGQRWEHVHSDUDWHGIURPRQHDQRWKHUDQGWKDWreal history as a science in reality was a history of culture$W WKH VDPH WLPH KRZHYHU KHVWLSXODWHGWKHH[WHQWRIWKHUHVHDUFKRQWKHKLVWRU\RIPDWHULDOFXOWXUHDVD VSHFLDOÀHOGWKDWGLIIHUVZLWKUHJDUGWRWKHIRFXVRILQWHUHVWDQGPHWKRGVIURP HFRQRPLFRUOHJDOKLVWRU\,QKLVRSLQLRQWKHKLVWRU\RIPDWHULDOFXOWXUHGLGQRW MXVWLQWHJUDWHUHVHDUFKLQWRWKHQDUURZO\XQGHUVWRRGKLVWRU\RIWHFKQRORJ\DQG OLIHOHVVREMHFWVLQWRLWVHOIEXWDOVRLQWRZLGHO\XQGHUVWRRGeveryday culture WKH latter was nota bene³FRPSOHWHO\LQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHDSSURDFKHVRIWKHAn- nales school³FRQWUDVWHGZLWKWKHFODVVLFDOKLVWRU\RIHYHQWV 5XWNRZVNLZDVRI the opinion that the history of material culture should include interdisciplinary research, such as ethnology, archaeology and history7KHFRPSOH[RIUHVHDUFK 10 7KHVHFRQGSDSHULQWKHIRUPRIDQLQFRPSOHWHPHWKRGRORJLFDOVWXG\RQO\DSSHDUHG LQFI587.2:6.,SFIDUHYLHZDQGDQDO\VLVRIWKHFRQFHSWE\-DQ 5XWNRZVNLLQTOPOLSKIS 129 ,JRU.ÞDNROHZVNL WKHPHVVKRXOGFRQFHUQVXFKTXHVWLRQVDVHJWKHKLVWRU\RIWRROVLQGXVWULDODQG DJULFXOWXUDOWHFKQRORJ\WKHKLVWRU\RIWUDQVSRUWDQGFRPPXQLFDWLRQWKHKLVWRU\ RIFRQVXPSWLRQWKHPDWHULDODQGPRUDOEDVHVRIHYHU\GD\DQGLQWHOOHFWXDOOLIH LQFOXGLQJWKHWHFKQLFDODQGPDWHULDODVSHFWVRIWKHKLVWRU\RIHGXFDWLRQWKHÀQH DUWVDQGDUFKLWHFWXUH +RZHYHULQWKH3HRSOH·V5HSXEOLFRI3RODQGLQWKHÀUVWKDOIRIWKHÀIWLHV WKHUHZDVRQO\OLWWOHURRPWRSXUVXHVXFKDUHVHDUFKSURJUDPPHLQWRWKHKLVWRU\ 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GELENCSÉR KATALIN,%XGDSHVWS NIEDERHAUSER, EMIL$NXOW~UW|UWpQHWNpUGpVpKH]LQ7|UWpQHOPL6]HPOH S 3(7ł$1'5($+XQJDULDQ:RPHQLQ3ROLWLFV (DVW(XURSHDQ0RQR- JUDSKV6HULHV 1HZ 155 Beyond the Alpine Myth, Across the Linguistic Ditch Cultural History in Switzerland CHRISTOF DEJUNG 6ZLW]HUODQGNQRZVYHU\ZHOOKRZWRVHOOKHUFOLFKpV7UDYHOOHUVDUULYLQJDW=X- ULFK$LUSRUWDUHUHFHLYHGE\FRZEHOOVDQGSLFWXUHVRIVXQQ\PRXQWDLQSDVWXUHV ZKLOHEHLQJWUDQVSRUWHGZLWKXQGHUJURXQGVKXWWOHWUDLQVWRSDVVSRUWFRQWURODQG FXVWRPV$QG WKH FRPPHUFLDO ZHEVLWH swissmade.com SURPRWHV LWV UDQJH RI 6ZLVVDUP\NQLYHVZDWFKHVDQGZRRGFDUYLQJVZLWKWKHDVVHUWLRQWKDW´IROORZ- LQJWKHVWHUHRW\SHWKH6ZLVVDOOOLYHLQWKH$OSVWHQGWRWKHLUFRZVDQG\RGHO ZKHQWKH\DUHKDSS\µ1 2IFRXUVHWKHZHOONQRZQLPDJHRI6ZLW]HUODQGDVDPRXQWDLQVWDWHQHJOHFWV ODUJHSDUWVRIUHDOLW\,WGRHVQRWWDNHLQWRDFFRXQWWKDWRYHUWZRWKLUGVRIWKH 6ZLVVDUHQRWOLYLQJLQDOSLQHYLOODJHVEXWLQXUEDQFHQWUHVIDUDZD\IURPWKH PRXQWDLQV,WDOVRQHJOHFWVWKHIDFWWKDW6ZLW]HUODQGZDVRQHRIWKHÀUVWFRXQ- 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MIDDELL, MATTHIAS HG $OOHV*HZRUGHQHKDW*HVFKLFKWH'LH6FKXOHGHU´$Q- QDOHVµLQLKUHQ7H[WHQ/HLS]LJ POIRRIER, PHILIPPE HG /+LVWRLUHFXOWXUHOOH8Q´WRXUQDQWPRQGLDOµGDQVOKLV WRULRJUDSKLH"'LMRQ SCOTT, JOAN,*HQGHU$8VHIXO&DWHJRU\RI+LVWRULFDO$QDO\VLVLQ$PHULFDQ +LVWRULFDO5HYLHZ S STOLLBERG-RILINGER, BARBARA (ed.), Was heißt Kulturgeschichte des Politi- schen? Berlin 2005. TSCHOPP, SILVIA SERENA,'LH1HXH.XOWXUJHVFKLFKWH³HLQH =ZLVFKHQ %LODQ] LQ+LVWRULVFKH=HLWVFKULIW S ,':(%(5:2/)*$1*H-*UXQGIUDJHQGHU.XOWXUJHVFKLFKWH'DUPVWDGW TURNER, GRAEME,%ULWLVK&XOWXUDO6WXGLHV$Q,QWURGXFWLRQQGHG/RQGRQ 1HZ 188 What’s new about the New Cultural History? 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