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Spatiotemporal Patterns of Saharan Dust Outbreaks in the Mediterranean Basin
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository of the Academy's Library 1 Spatiotemporal patterns of Saharan dust outbreaks in the Mediterranean Basin 2 3 György Vargaa*, Gábor Újvárib & János Kovácsc,d 4 5 aGeographical Institute, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian 6 Academy of Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, H-1112 Budapest, Hungary (E-mail: 7 [email protected]) 8 bGeodetic and Geophysical Institute, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, 9 Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Csatkai E. u. 6-8, H-9400 Sopron, Hungary (E-mail: 10 [email protected]) 11 cDepartment of Geology & Meteorology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, H-7624 Pécs, 12 Hungary (E-mail: [email protected]) 13 dEnvironmental Analytical & Geoanalytical Research Group, Szentágothai Research 14 Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 20, H-7624 Pécs, , Hungary 15 16 *Corresponding author – E-mail: [email protected] 17 18 Abstract 19 20 Saharan dust outbreaks transport appreciable amounts of mineral particles into the atmosphere 21 of the Mediterranean Basin. Atmospheric particulates have significant impacts on numerous 22 atmospheric, climatic and biogeochemical processes. The recognition of background drivers, 23 spatial and temporal variations of the amount of Saharan dust particles in the Mediterranean 24 can lead to a better understanding of possible past and future environmental effects of 25 atmospheric dust in the region. 26 For this study the daily NASA Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer's and Ozone Monitoring 27 Instrument’s aerosol data (1979– 2012) were employed to estimate atmospheric dust amount. -
Centre Des Hautes Études Sur L'afrique Et L'asie Moderne (1929-1968)
Premier ministre ; Organismes rattachés directement ; Centre des hautes études sur l'Afrique et l'Asie moderne (1929-1968) Répertoire (20000002/1-20000002/234) Archives nationales (France) Pierrefitte-sur-Seine 2000 1 https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/IR/FRAN_IR_022876 Cet instrument de recherche a été encodé en 2012 par l'entreprise Numen dans le cadre du chantier de dématérialisation des instruments de recherche des Archives Nationales sur la base d'une DTD conforme à la DTD EAD (encoded archival description) et créée par le service de dématérialisation des instruments de recherche des Archives Nationales 2 Archives nationales (France) INTRODUCTION Référence 20000002/1-20000002/234 Niveau de description fonds Intitulé Premier ministre ; Organismes rattachés directement ; Centre des hautes études sur l'Afrique et l'Asie moderne Date(s) extrême(s) 1929-1968 Nom du producteur • Centre des hautes études sur l'Afrique et l'Asie modernes Localisation physique Pierrefitte DESCRIPTION Présentation du contenu Sommaire Art 1-234 : Mémoires des auditeurs du Centre des Hautes Etudes sur l’Afrique et l’Asie Modernes (CHEAM), mémoires verts librement communicables, 1929-1968 TERMES D'INDEXATION scolarité; asie; afrique 3 Archives nationales (France) Répertoire (20000002/1-20000002/234) 20000002/1 1 (Ancel, Roger), Oued Marsas, terre de transition entre le pays kabyle et le pays berbero - arabe, 20 pages. 1 bis (Erard), Observations sur les populations de la région de Maillot, 12 pages. 2 bis (Bouscary, L), L'attitude et les réactions des kabyles en présence de notre action économique dans la commune mixte de Mizrana, (1939), 19 pages. 3 bis (Clément, Jean-Henri), L'ouvrier indigène et l'ouvrier européen au Maroc : la question syndicale, (1938), 23 pages. -
Operation Serval. Analyzing the French Strategy Against Jihadists in Mali
ASPJ Africa & Francophonie - 3rd Quarter 2015 Operation Serval Analyzing the French Strategy against Jihadists in Mali LT COL STÉPHANE SPET, FRENCH AIR FORCE* imilar to the events that occurred two years earlier in Benghazi, the crews of the four Mirage 2000Ds that took off on the evening of 11 January 2013 from Chad inbound for Kona in central Mali knew that they were about to conduct a mis- sion that needed to stop the jihadist offensive to secure Bamako, the capital of Mali, and its population. This time, they were not alone because French special forces Swere already on the battlefield, ready to bring their firepower to bear. French military forces intended to prevent jihadist fighters from creating a caliphate in Mali. They also knew that suppressing any jihadist activity there would be another challenge—a more political one intended to remove the arrows from the jihadists’ hands. By answering the call for assistance from the Malian president to prevent jihadists from raiding Bamako and creating a radical Islamist state, French president François Hollande consented to engage his country in the Sahel to fight jihadists. Within a week, Operation Serval had put together a joint force that stopped the jihadist offensive and retook the initiative. Within two months, the French-led coalition had liberated the en- tire Malian territory after destruction of jihadist strongholds in the Adrar des Ifoghas by displaying a strategy that surprised both the coalition’s enemies and its allies. On 31 July 2014, this first chapter of the war on terror in the Sahel officially closed with a victory and the attainment of all objectives at that time. -
Rebel Forces in Northern Mali
REBEL FORCES IN NORTHERN MALI Documented weapons, ammunition and related materiel April 2012-March 2013 Co-published online by Conflict Armament Research and the Small Arms Survey © Conflict Armament Research/Small Arms Survey, London/Geneva, 2013 First published in April 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of Conflict Armament Research and the Small Arms Survey, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organisation. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the secretary, Conflict Armament Research ([email protected]) or the secretary, Small Arms Survey ([email protected]). Copy-edited by Alex Potter ([email protected]) Reviewed by Alex Diehl and Nic Jenzen-Jones Cover image: © Joseph Penny, 2013 Above image: Design and layout by Julian Knott (www.julianknott.com) © Richard Valdmanis, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS About 4 3.7 M40 106 mm recoilless gun 11 Abbreviations and acronyms 5 4. Light Weapons Ammunition 12 Introduction 6 4.1 12.7 x 108 mm ammunition 12 4.2 14.5 x 115 mm ammunition 12 1. Small Arms 7 4.3 PG-7 rockets 13 1.1 Kalashnikov-pattern 7.62 x 39 mm assault 4.4 OG-82 and PG-82 rockets 13 rifles 7 4.5 82 mm mortar bombs 14 1.2 FN FAL-pattern 7.62 x 51 mm rifle 7 4.6 120 mm mortar bombs 14 1.3 G3-pattern 7.62 x 51 mm rifle 7 4.7 Unidentified nose fuzes 14 1.4 MAT-49 9 x 19 mm sub-machine gun 7 4.8 F1-pattern fragmentation grenades 15 1.5 RPD-pattern 7.62 x 39 mm light 4.9 NR-160 106 mm HEAT projectiles 15 machine gun 7 1.6 PK-pattern 7.62 x 54R mm general-purpose 5. -
March-September 2012
N°39 SAHEL AND WEST AFRICA Club MAR-SEPT 2012 Secretariat THE SAHEL AND WEST AFRICA CLUB SECRETARIAT’S NEWSLETTER IN THIS ISSUE DIRECTOR’S EDITORIAL SECURITY AND DEVELOPMENT nne de Lattre, Founder and for many years Director of the “Club du Sahel”, left us during the heart of the Dialogue on the Security-Development Nexus A summer. Her death provoked a wave of emotions within a large community of friends. To each she leaves a special heritage. Northern Mali at a glance To all and to West Africa, she leaves the Club – this particular Viewpoint by Malian Ambassador Touré space for dialogue and co-operation. Anne initiated the creation of the “Club du Sahel” in 1976 because she was convinced that the FOOD SECURITY international community could not hold West African leaders welcome an indifferent gaze to the terrible dramas the AGIR Initiative and droughts of 1973-74. At the dawn of globalisation, very little attention was paid The RPCA calls for urgent political action to this region. It was necessary to create a Food security leaders meet sustainable coalition to come to its aid. with G20 representatives Thirty-fi ve years after the creation of the Club, the Western Interview with ECOWAS Sahel is again at top of the international agenda. While during Commissioner Mr. Atouga the past decades it has made constant progress in the fi eld of Biofuels: West African farmers agriculture and in the fi ght against hunger, the Sahel has been meet with Brazilian counterparts hit by a wide range of serious international threats which found an ideal breeding ground in the fragile Sahel region. -
Panthera Pardus) Range Countries
Profiles for Leopard (Panthera pardus) Range Countries Supplemental Document 1 to Jacobson et al. 2016 Profiles for Leopard Range Countries TABLE OF CONTENTS African Leopard (Panthera pardus pardus)...................................................... 4 North Africa .................................................................................................. 5 West Africa ................................................................................................... 6 Central Africa ............................................................................................. 15 East Africa .................................................................................................. 20 Southern Africa ........................................................................................... 26 Arabian Leopard (P. p. nimr) ......................................................................... 36 Persian Leopard (P. p. saxicolor) ................................................................... 42 Indian Leopard (P. p. fusca) ........................................................................... 53 Sri Lankan Leopard (P. p. kotiya) ................................................................... 58 Indochinese Leopard (P. p. delacouri) .......................................................... 60 North Chinese Leopard (P. p. japonensis) ..................................................... 65 Amur Leopard (P. p. orientalis) ..................................................................... 67 Javan Leopard -
Eartharxiv Coversheet
1 EarthArXiv Coversheet 2 Authors 1;| 2 2 3 4 1;5;♠ 3 Andrew Gunn , Giampietro Casasanta , Luca Di Liberto , Federico Falcini , Nicholas Lancaster & Douglas J. Jerolmack 4 Affiliations 1 5 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA 2 6 Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISAC), Rome, Italy 3 7 Institute of Marine Science - National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISMAR), Rome, Italy 4 8 Earth & Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, USA 5 9 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA 10 Emails | 11 [email protected] ♠ 12 [email protected] 13 Peer-review statement 14 This manuscript is not peer-reviewed. 15 What sets aeolian dune height? 1 2 2 3 16 Andrew Gunn , Giampietro Casasanta , Luca Di Liberto , Federico Falcini , Nicholas 4 1,5,* 17 Lancaster , and Douglas J. Jerolmack 1 18 Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA 2 19 Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISAC), Rome, Italy 3 20 Institute of Marine Science - National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISMAR), Rome, Italy 4 21 Earth & Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, USA 5 22 Department of Mechanical Engineering & Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA * 23 e-mail: [email protected] 24 ABSTRACT Wherever a loose bed of sand is subject to sufficiently strong winds, aeolian dunes form at wavelengths and growth rates that are well predicted by linear stability theory1–3. As dunes mature and coarsen, however, their growth trajectories become more idiosyncratic; nonlinear effects1, sediment supply4, wind variability5 and geologic constraints6,7 become increasingly relevant, resulting in complex and history-dependent dune amalgamations. -
Index Matière
Index matière 1. ABADIE (Louis), 1998, « Relizane de ma jeunesse ». Ed. Nice Jacques Gandini, France 2. ABADIE (L), 1999, « Mostaganem de ma jeunesse: 1935- 1962 ». Ed. Nice Jacques Gandini, France. 3. ABADIE (L) et LEVERONE (Gilbert), 2000, « Mascara de ma jeunesse: 1935-1962 ». Ed. Nice Jacques Gandini, France. 4. ABITBOL (M), 1981, « Les communautés juives des marges sahariennes du Maghreb », Jérusalem- Institut Ben I Ŕ1981 5. ABDELLAH (M), 1880, « La vie intime des tribus ». Extrait du journal Akhbar, juin 1880. Imprimerie de l'association ouvrière P. Fontana et Cie. Alger. 6. Abellán Pérez (Juan), 1986 « Toponimia hispano-árabe y mozárabe del Libro de Apeo de Cantoria (Almería) ». In. Anales de la Universidad de Cádiz. 7. ABDELLAN PEREZ (J), 1999, « Toponimia hispano-árabe y romance: fuentes para la historia medieval ». In. Anales de la Universidad de Cádiz. 8. ABI-AYAD (Ahmed), 1990, « Oran dans la littérature espagnole: XVI-XVII-XVIII° siècle ». In Separata de la Revista Sharq Al-Andalus n°7 de la Universidad de Alicante, Alicante. pp. 203-213. 9. ABOU ZAKKARIA, « Chroniques ». Traduites et commentées par E Masqueray. Imprimerie de l'association ouvrière, 1878, Alger. 10. ABOUBEKR (Abdesselam), 1918, « Petit dictionnaire français arabe des termes de guerre ». Ed. D. Heintz. Oran. 55 pp. 11. ACCARDO (F.), 1879, « Répertoire alphabétique des tribus et douars de l'Algérie ». Typo-Litho- Jourdan, tome 1 et 2, Alger. 12. ACEVAL (Nora), 2003, « L'Algérie des contes et légendes, hauts plateaux de Tiaret ». Co-Ed. NAS / Maisonneuve et Larose. Paris. 13. ACHARD (P), 1993, « La sociologie du langage ». PUF, 19 Toponymie et anthroponymie de l'Algérie. -
France's War in Mali: Lessons for an Expeditionary Army
CHILDREN AND FAMILIES The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and EDUCATION AND THE ARTS decisionmaking through research and analysis. ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE This electronic document was made available from www.rand.org as a public service INFRASTRUCTURE AND of the RAND Corporation. TRANSPORTATION INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LAW AND BUSINESS Skip all front matter: Jump to Page 16 NATIONAL SECURITY POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY Support RAND SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Browse Reports & Bookstore TERRORISM AND Make a charitable contribution HOMELAND SECURITY For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the RAND Corporation View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non- commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND electronic documents to a non-RAND website is prohibited. RAND electronic documents are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This report is part of the RAND Corporation research report series. RAND reports present research findings and objective analysis that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. C O R P O R A T I O N France’s War in Mali Lessons for an Expeditionary Army Michael Shurkin Prepared for the United States Army Approved for public release; distribution unlimited For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/rr770 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. -
The Roots of Mali's Conflict
The roots of Mali’s conflict The roots Mali’s of The roots of Mali’s conflict Moving beyond the 2012 crisis CRU Report Grégory Chauzal Thibault van Damme The roots of Mali’s conflict Moving beyond the 2012 crisis Grégory Chauzal Thibault van Damme CRU report March 2015 The Sahel Programme is supported by March 2015 © Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright holders. About the authors Grégory Chauzal is a senior research fellow at Clingendael’s Conflict Research Unit. He specialises in Mali/Sahel issues and develops the Maghreb-Sahel Programme for the Institute. Thibault Van Damme works for Clingendael’s Conflict Research Unit as a project assistant for the Maghreb-Sahel Programme. About CRU The Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’ is a think tank and diplomatic academy on international affairs. The Conflict Research Unit (CRU) is a specialized team within the Institute, conducting applied, policy-oriented research and developing practical tools that assist national and multilateral governmental and non-governmental organizations in their engagement in fragile and conflict-affected situations. Clingendael Institute P.O. Box 93080 2509 AB The Hague The Netherlands Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.clingendael.nl/ Table of Contents Acknowledgements 6 Executive summary 8 Introduction 10 1. The 2012 crisis: the fissures of a united insurrection 10 2. A coup in the south 12 3. -
Geo-Data: the World Geographical Encyclopedia
Geodata.book Page iv Tuesday, October 15, 2002 8:25 AM GEO-DATA: THE WORLD GEOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA Project Editor Imaging and Multimedia Manufacturing John F. McCoy Randy Bassett, Christine O'Bryan, Barbara J. Nekita McKee Yarrow Editorial Mary Rose Bonk, Pamela A. Dear, Rachel J. Project Design Kain, Lynn U. Koch, Michael D. Lesniak, Nancy Cindy Baldwin, Tracey Rowens Matuszak, Michael T. Reade © 2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale For permission to use material from this prod- Since this page cannot legibly accommodate Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, uct, submit your request via Web at http:// all copyright notices, the acknowledgements Inc. www.gale-edit.com/permissions, or you may constitute an extension of this copyright download our Permissions Request form and notice. Gale and Design™ and Thomson Learning™ submit your request by fax or mail to: are trademarks used herein under license. While every effort has been made to ensure Permissions Department the reliability of the information presented in For more information contact The Gale Group, Inc. this publication, The Gale Group, Inc. does The Gale Group, Inc. 27500 Drake Rd. not guarantee the accuracy of the data con- 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331–3535 tained herein. The Gale Group, Inc. accepts no Farmington Hills, MI 48331–3535 Permissions Hotline: payment for listing; and inclusion in the pub- Or you can visit our Internet site at 248–699–8006 or 800–877–4253; ext. 8006 lication of any organization, agency, institu- http://www.gale.com Fax: 248–699–8074 or 800–762–4058 tion, publication, service, or individual does not imply endorsement of the editors or pub- ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Cover photographs reproduced by permission No part of this work covered by the copyright lisher. -
E Ou La Situation Sociale Des Nord-Africains Parce Qu'il Leur Manquait Tout Simplement Un Répertoire Suffisamment Complet Sur L'algérie
O Kl A Eiudes Sociales Nord Africaines N IXI IX 6, Rue Barye, PARIS 17» 1 E * ^ • ^* ' \ • c.C.P. Paris 5565-40 Publication mensuelle Répertoire d es Localités algériennes (rxos vecteurs, ■ Les Cahiers Nord-Africains prétendent servir à deux fins : l'étude des problèmes, et le travail pratique. SOMMAIRE Le présent Cahier est un exemple type de l'instrument de travail. Combien de travailleurs sociaux se sont trouvés désemparés devant une adresse, une enquête sur l'origine ou la situation sociale des Nord-Africains parce qu'il leur manquait tout simplement un répertoire suffisamment complet sur l'Algérie. O Ce Cahier, malgré son aspect de répertoire ne sera pas moins utile, nous en sommes sûrs, que certains autres plus techniques. C'est à l'usage qu'on s'aper- cevra de son importance. D'autres Cahiers se préparent : un Cahier sur la morbidité nord-africaine et un Cahier de statistiques sortiront bientôt. Plusieurs sujets sont à l'étude pour paraître l'an prochain : tuberculose, médecine du travail, accidents, délinquance, etc.. Des spécialistes se penchent sur ces problèmes. Pour tra- PAGES vailler ils ont besoin d'une information aussi vaste que possible. Que les lecteurs d'E. S. N. A. ne soient pas des lecteurs passifs comme ceux de la plupart des ABRÉVIATIONS 5 et 6 revues. Chaque lecteur est pour nous un collaborateur qui doit apporter non seulement sa critique mais aussi son information : une note même brève, des chiffres précis sur un point déterminé, etc.. seront toujours pris en considération LES DIVISIONS ADMINISTRATIVES DE L'ALGÉRIE 7 et 8 par l'équipe qui prépare un Cahier.