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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA CURSO DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM INGLÊS: ESTUDOS LINGUISTICOS E LITERÁRIOS Silvia Cristina

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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA CURSO DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM INGLÊS: ESTUDOS LINGUISTICOS E LITERÁRIOS Silvia Cristina 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA CURSO DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM INGLÊS: ESTUDOS LINGUISTICOS E LITERÁRIOS Silvia Cristina Barros de Souza “I SPEAK ENGLISH, BUT I AM STILL ME”- THE ROLES OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN ALTER DO CHÃO, BRAZIL Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Inglês da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina para a obtenção do Grau de Doutora em Inglês: Estudos da Linguagem. Orientadora: Prof.ª Dr.ª Gloria Gil. Florianópolis 2016 Ficha de identificação da obra elaborada pelo autor, através do Programa de Geração Automática da Biblioteca Universitária da UFSC. DE SOUZA, SILVIA CRISTINA BARROS "I SPEAK ENGLISH, BUT I AM STILL ME" : THE ROLES OF ENGLISH IN ALTER DO CHÃO, BRAZIL. / SILVIA CRISTINA BARROS DE SOUZA ; orientadora, GLORIA GIL ; coorientadora, MARIA INEZ PROBST LUCENA. - Florianópolis, SC, 2016. 178 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós Graduação em Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários. Inclui referências 1. Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários. 2. SITUATED LANGUAGE PRACTICES. 3. TRANSLANGUAGING. 4. LINGUISTIC HYBRIDISM. 5. ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN CONTACT . I. GIL, GLORIA. II. PROBST LUCENA, MARIA INEZ. III. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Programa de Pós Graduação em Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários. IV. Título. 4 Para Francisco e Elza, a minha casa no mundo. 5 6 AGRADECIMENTOS Gratidão significa que a energia recebida deve ser devolvida, por isso a minha escolha de escrever esses agradecimentos em português, pois quero, antes de tudo, que as pessoas aqui citadas saibam o quanto sou grata por ter sido extremamente beneficiada, iluminada e inspirada pelas suas presenças em minha vida durante os anos de doutorado. Marla de Queiroz diz que a vida é maravilhosa porque é feita de colos, de amigos que celebram ou choram junto, de algumas pessoas que direcionam todo o seu potencial criativo para melhorar a qualidade de vida de gente que elas nem conhecem, de pessoas que se entregam, pessoas que chegam para curar, desencadeadores de poemas, de sorrisos, de lições de vida que ficarão guardadas para sempre. Eu não tenho como não concordar. Durante os longos anos de doutorado, várias pessoas atravessaram o meu caminho me fazendo relembrar as palavras da escritora. Minha gratidão profunda à minha orientadora Gloria, por todo apoio, incentivo, por acreditar em mim e aceitar trabalhar em conjunto comigo desde o mestrado, por sempre humildemente partilhar seu conhecimento, por ser um grande exemplo e inspiração e por tornar minha jornada acadêmica mais leve com sua presença e amorosidade. Agradeço imensamente à minha co-orientadora Inez, por ter despertado em mim o interesse pela perspectiva etnográfica e pela relevância social da pesquisa, por ser tão compromissada, inspiradora e por ter sempre a palavra certa, sobretudo nos momentos difíceis. Ao Mario, meu co- orientador convidado, por ter me aceitado gentilmente em sua sala de aula, e também por ser impressionantemente acessível, sábio, humilde e humano. À Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, ao Programa de Pós- graduação em Inglês e à professora Debora de Carvalho Figueiredo, por haverem contribuído com a minha formação acadêmica muito além das páginas de livros e horas de aula. Agradecimento especial ao Seu João e à Fernanda Delatorre, sempre dispostos a atender um pedido meu. À CAPES, pela ajuda financeira em todos esses anos de pós-graduação. À banca examinadora, por terem aceitado o convite de contribuir com este trabalho. Agradeço aos meus pais, Francisco e Elza, pelo apoio incondicional e amor de sempre. É esse amor que me leva até onde eu não posso ir só. Minha gratidão à toda minha família, do Sul e do Norte do país, que sempre torceram por mim. Em especial, agradeço minhas tias Suely e Vera, por todo apoio, amor e cuidado nesses anos morando 7 em Florianópolis e às minhas primas, Krishna, Karina, Julia, Mariana e Carolina que de todas as maneiras possíveis se fizeram presentes durante todo o tempo que estive fora de Santarém. Agradeço também ao Matheus, meu afilhado, por mesmo à distância construir laços comigo que só o amor reserva. Agradeço às amigas e amigos de Santarém, Florianópolis, Alter do Chão e Portsmouth, pela torcida e boas energias. Agradeço especialmente as amigas e amigos que a pós-graduação me deu, Lívia Paschoal, Marcia Tiemy, Renata Gomes, Martha Julia, Fernanda Ramos, Marina Martins, Daniela Brito e Carlos Guerola, por serem colo, família e abrigo tão longe de casa. Agradeço também à Ammie, minha colega de orientação em Portsmouth, por ser sempre tão receptiva e partilhar comigo as experiências de se viver em um outro país. Agradeço aos amigos do REAL-LCI, Renata, Fernanda, Jeová, Mayara, Adriano e Marcia Carazzai, por serem sempre tão solidários, prestativos e ótimas companhias para assuntos acadêmicos ou não. Ao Bright Side of Alcatraz, Diego, Fernanda, Yohanne e Doris, por também colorirem a minha vida em Florianópolis. Aos amigos da Casa de Cascaes, Gabi, Mateus, Lílian, Renata e Tião, por sempre terem um cantinho com muito amor e carinho reservado para mim, apesar das minhas andanças. Agradeço à vila de Alter do Chão, pela acolhida e por dez meses incríveis e inspiradores. Gratidão às três pessoas que foram a minha família em Alter do Chão: Diego, Kaleb e Neila. Agradeço ao Diego, por ser meu professor e aluno na escola da vida, do acolhimento, do despertar, por me fazer rir quase todos os dias, e por (re) construir comigo uma das relações mais bonitas que carrego hoje. Ao Kaleb, por ter um coração quase do tamanho dele e por ser minha companhia e ombro amigo sempre que preciso. À Neila, por ter se tornado uma grande amiga, por abrir as portas da sua casa e da vida, durante o tempo que morei na vila. Gratidão especial à Neila, Gil, Lalá, Andreas, Edilberto, Thaís, Suellem, Edmilson, André e Sabrina por tornarem a geração de dados da minha tese possível, pela maneira solícita com que me receberam, entendendo a minha insistência e o meu interesse em suas vidas. Agradeço também às minhas queridas piriquitambóias penduradas no caminho, Suellem, Thaís, Adelinna, Naízes e Marise pelas risadas, cervejas, pelas mil horas de praça, e por trazerem leveza ao processo todo. Last but not least, sou grata ao meu namorado Peter, por ser tão amoroso, cuidadoso e querido, por me apoiar em meus sonhos e projetos e querer fazer parte deles, por me fazer ver sempre o lado bom de tudo e 8 por ter acreditado em nós desde o princípio. 9 10 ABSTRACT This study investigates and discusses the roles that the English language plays in the language practices of six inhabitants of Alter do Chão village, located in the state of Pará, Brazil. Placed in the area of Applied Linguistics, highly influenced by post-colonial researches and following the ethnographic perspective, this study advocates, mainly, that people are creative in their linguistic encounters and that as languages are “mobile resources” (Blommaert, 2010), they find their places in social practice and their forms change according to the uses to which they are put (Canagarajah, 2008). This investigation also highlights the unprecedented phenomena of the English language spread, which, as Siqueira (2011) points out, has provoked debate among applied linguists. One of the main goals of the discussion of this unprecedented language spread is that no one has any privileged status as a speaker and that the English language belongs to everyone who speaks it in whatever way, shape or form as Rajagopalan (2009) states. Highlighting discourses of appropriation, legitimacy, agency and authority of speakers, this study also discusses the encounters among languages and cultures (Garcia, 2009) that the technology, the recent mobility of people, the diasporas and engagements in new forms of popular culture have facilitated, which led to the possibility of new language practices, as Lucena (2015) argues. The results echo the ideas of Pennycook (2010), who points out that what we do with language in a particular place is a result of our interpretation of that place and that the language practices we engage in reinforce that reading of the place. The roles that the English language plays in Alter do Chão village, often highlighted through hybrid language practices, are constituted by locally situated discourses, related to agency and creative performances of the six participants. Keywords: The spread of the English language, situated language practices, agency, linguistic hybridism. 11 12 RESUMO Esse estudo investiga e discute os papéis que a língua Inglesa exerce nas práticas de linguagem cotidianas de seis habitantes da vila balneária de Alter do Chão, no estado do Pará, Brasil. Situado na área de Linguística Aplicada e influenciado por pesquisas pós-colonialistas, este estudo, que segue a perspectiva etnográfica, advoga, principalmente, que as pessoas são criativas em seus encontros linguísticos e que as línguas, como “recursos móveis” (Blommaert, 2010) que são, encontram seus lugares na prática social e sua forma muda de acordo com os usos que os falantes dão a elas (Canagarajah, 2008). Essa investigação também destaca a expansão sem precedentes da língua Inglesa no cenário mundial que, como aponta Siqueira (2011) vem sendo o foco de uma discussão crítica transnacional, gerando intensos debates entre linguistas aplicados. Um dos pontos centrais dessa discussão, como destaca Rajagopalan (2009) é que, como a língua inglesa está presente em todos os quatro cantos do planeta, nenhum falante tem status privilegiado, ou seja, ela pertence a todos que a falam independentemente do modo ou da forma. Trazendo discursos de apropriação, legitimidade, agência e autoridade de falantes, esse estudo também discute a colisão de língua e de culturas (García, 2009) proporcionada pela tecnologia, pela mobilidade recente de pessoas, pelas diásporas e pelo envolvimento com novas formas de cultura popular, o que fazem com que novas possibilidades de práticas da linguagem apareçam, como bem argumenta Lucena (2015).
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