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Cultural Resources Work Plan for the Proposed Levy Nuclear Plant Project, Levy, Citrus, Marion, Hernando, Sumter, Polk, Hillsborough, and Pinellas Counties, Florida

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Cultural Resources Work Plan for the Proposed Levy Nuclear Plant Project, Levy, Citrus, Marion, Hernando, Sumter, Polk, Hillsborough, and Pinellas Counties, Florida CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE PROPOSED LEVY NUCLEAR PLANT PROJECT, LEVY, CITRUS, MARION, HERNANDO, SUMTER, POLK, HILLSBOROUGH, AND PINELLAS COUNTIES, FLORIDA MASTER CONTRACT # 442498-003 PREPARED FOR PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. BY MICHAEL A. ARBUTHNOT, M.S., ROBERT AUSTIN, PH.D., JOSH TORRES, M.A., AND NICHOLAS J. LINVILLE, M.A. CONTRIBUTIONS BY EMILY M. POWLEN, M.S., MEG GAILLARD, M.A., TRAVIS FULK, M.A., AND CHRIS ALTES, B.A. MICHAEL ARBUTHNOT, M.S., RPA PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR ROBERT AUSTIN, PH.D., RPA PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH, INC. WWW.SEARCHINC.COM APRIL 2011 This page intentionally left blank. Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc. April 2011 Work Plan for the Proposed LNP Project EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc. (SEARCH) prepared this work plan at the request of Progress Energy Florida (PEF) pursuant to the requirements outlined in two Conditions of Certification (COCs) from the Department of State, Florida Division of Historical Resources (FDHR). PEF will add 180 circuit miles of transmission lines across multiple counties in Florida in order to maintain reliability and move energy efficiently to customers throughout the region and state, where service demands are anticipated to grow by 25% over the next decade. This technical document provides a cultural resources desktop evaluation and work plan for the Levy Nuclear Plant (LNP) Project, which includes seven preferred rights-of-way (ROW) and three accessory parcels totaling 149 miles of preferred ROW and 246 acres, respectively. The project area extends through portions of eight counties: Levy, Citrus, Marion, Hernando, Sumter, Polk, Hillsborough, and Pinellas. This document includes an overview of the natural environment to identify areas best suited to prehistoric land use, and archival and cartographic research to identify areas of historic settlement. Florida Master Site File (FMSF) data were accessed to show the location of previously recorded cultural resources and areas that have formerly been surveyed and have gained agency clearance. The FMSF research revealed that 30 miles of the 149-mile-long preferred ROW has been surveyed for cultural resources. The environmental and historic research is used to estimate archaeological probability zones (high, moderate, and low), which offer a means for estimating the number of shovel tests that will be needed to complete the survey. This undertaking requires formal survey in accordance with the FDHR COCs, as well as state and federal permitting requirements. SEARCH recommends that the un-surveyed portions of the project area be subjected to a cultural resource assessment survey, employing subsurface survey methods and shovel test intervals as outlined in FDHR’s Cultural Resource Management Standards & Operational Manual. Adhering to these methods, and in accordance with the high, moderate, and low probability zones presented in this document, it is estimated that approximately 5,126 shovel test pits will be required, in addition to 514 delineation tests. In addition to shovel tests, the entire project area warrants pedestrian inspection, architectural evaluation, and assessment for Traditional Cultural Properties (TCP). A project-specific cultural resource educational program and unanticipated discoveries statement is being developed for this project. iii April 2011 Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc. Work Plan for the Proposed LNP Project This page intentionally left blank. iv Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc. April 2011 Work Plan for the Proposed LNP Project TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ........................................................................................................... iii Table of Contents .................................................................................................................v List of Figures .................................................................................................................... vi List of Tables .................................................................................................................... vii Chapter 1: Introduction .......................................................................................................1 Chapter 2: Project Environment ..........................................................................................7 Environmental Overview ............................................................................................7 Ecosystems Overview .................................................................................................7 Project Area Environment...........................................................................................9 LPC Preferred ROW Environment ...........................................................................10 LCR Preferred ROW Environment ...........................................................................12 LCFS Preferred ROW Environment .........................................................................13 CB Preferred ROW Environment .............................................................................17 BBW Preferred ROW Environment .........................................................................19 PHP Preferred ROW Environment ...........................................................................20 BDP Preferred ROW Environment ...........................................................................23 Accessory Parcels Environment ...............................................................................25 Chapter 3: Cultural Overview ...........................................................................................27 Prehistoric Overview ................................................................................................27 Woodland and Mississippian Culture Groups ..........................................................30 Historic Overview .....................................................................................................32 Chapter 4: Previous Research ...........................................................................................45 LPC Preferred ROW Previous Research (Appendix A, Sheet 2) .............................46 LCR Preferred ROW Previous Research (Appendix A, Sheet 3) .............................47 LCFS Preferred ROW Previous Research (Appendix A, Sheets 4-14) ....................47 CB Preferred ROW Previous Research (Appendix A, Sheet 15-21) ........................49 BBW Preferred ROW Previous Research (Appendix A, Sheet 22) .........................51 PHP Preferred ROW Previous Research (Appendix A, Sheet 23-32) ......................51 BDP Preferred ROW Previous Research (Appendix A, Sheet 33-34) .....................54 Accessory Parcels Previous Research (Appendix A, Sheet 35) ...............................55 Chapter 5: Proposed Research Approach .........................................................................57 Archaeological Assessment ......................................................................................57 Architectural History ................................................................................................61 Traditional Cultural Properties .................................................................................62 Submerged Cultural Resources .................................................................................62 Project-Specific Cultural Resource Educational Program ........................................62 Native American Coordination .................................................................................62 Specific Approach for Project Area ..........................................................................63 LPC Preferred ROW Approach (Appendix B, Sheet 2) ..................................63 LCR Preferred ROW Approach (Appendix B, Sheet 3) ..................................64 LCFS Preferred ROW Approach (Appendix B, Sheets 4-14) .........................65 CB Preferred ROW Approach (Appendix B, Sheet 15-21) .............................66 BBW Preferred ROW Approach (Appendix B, Sheet 22) ..............................67 v April 2011 Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc. Work Plan for the Proposed LNP Project PHP Preferred ROW Approach (Appendix B, Sheet 23-32) ...........................68 BDP Preferred ROW Approach (Appendix B, Sheet 33-34) ..........................69 Accessory Parcels Approach (Appendix B, Sheet 35) .....................................70 Considerations outside the One-Half Mile APE .......................................................71 Chapter 6: Conclusions and Recommendations ...............................................................73 References Cited ................................................................................................................75 Appendix A: Cultural Resources and Previous Investigations (Sheets 1–35) Appendix B: Survey Strategy and Predictive Model Series (Sheets 1–35) Appendix C: Cultural Resource Surveys within One-Half Mile of Project Area Appendix D: Cultural Resources within One-Half Mile of Project Area vi Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc. April 2011 Work Plan for the Proposed LNP Project LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Location of Preferred ROWs Associated within the Levy Nuclear Plant Project, Florida ...................................................................................................2 Figure 2. Schematic Illustration Depicting Direct
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