DOCSLIB.ORG

UNSCN NUTRITION 44 United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UNSCN NUTRITION 44 United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition UNSCN NUTRITION 44 United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition Food environments: Where people meet the food system ACHIEVING HEALTHY AND SUSTAINABLE2019 FOOD ENVIRONMENTS FOR ALL PAGE 6 SUPPLY-SIDE MEASURES IMPROVING FOOD ENVIRONMENTS PAGE 10 DEMAND-SIDE MEASURES IMPROVING FOOD ENVIRONMENTS PAGE 71 ENABLING ACTIONS TO IMPROVE THE FOOD ENVIRONMENT PAGE 147 SPEAKERS’ CORNER PAGE 181 in this issue About UNSCN NUTRITION UNSCN NUTRITION is a publication issued by the United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition. It provides information on issues of importance to the field of international nutrition, bringing together contributions from actors around the globe. Individual authors are accountable and responsible for the content of their papers and the accuracy of the references provided. The content of UNSCN NUTRITION should not be considered an endorsement of the views contained therein and does not necessarily represent the views or official position of UNSCN or its constituencies. All website links and online information in this publication were accessible as of July 2019. The UNSCN NUTRITION Editorial Team would like to extend its sincere thanks to the external reviewers who provided such valuable feedback on Issue 44. To contribute to future issues of UNSCN NUTRITION or to be added to our mailing list, please email [email protected]. All manuscripts submitted for consideration will be reviewed, though publication is not guaranteed. Editorial Team: Christine Campeau, Denise Costa Coitinho Delmuè, Stineke Oenema. Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Inès Joffet for the reference check, Poilin Breathnach for the editing, Faustina Masini for the design and Alessandra Mora for her dedication to finalizing this publication. All rights reserved. UNSCN encourages the use and dissemination of content in this product. Reproduction and dissemination thereof for educational or other non-commercial uses are authorized provided that appropriate acknowledgement of UNSCN as the source is given and that UNSCN’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be addressed to the UNSCN secretariat at [email protected]. Table of contents Chair’s round-up 2 Editorial 3 Achieving healthy and sustainable food environments for all 6 Supply-side measures improving food environments 10 • Promoting neglected and underutilized crops to boost nutrition in LMICs 10 • The nutrition, safety and health implications of food hawking in traffic 26 • Exploring socio-cultural aspects of the food environment: Study perspectives from Pakistan 33 • Advancing healthy and sustainable food environments: The Flathead Reservation case study 38 • The changing landscape of food deserts 46 • Farmers markets as a strategy for improving food environments 54 • Retail diversity for dietary diversity: Resolving food-safety versus nutrition priorities in Hanoi 61 Demand-side measures improving food environments 71 • The fight against non-communicable diseases: A snapshot of fatty-food taxation in Tonga 71 • Nutritional implications of Tibetan Plateau resettling and urbanization programmes 83 • Using legal frameworks to build healthy and sustainable food environments 91 • Announcement: Government action to encourage nutrition labelling 97 • The evolution and spread of industrial food: Building youth resilience through food and media literacy 99 • Improving the school food environment through policy: A case study of challenges and recommendations from Mexico 107 • The digital food environment 115 • Can dietary guidelines support the transformation of food systems to foster human and planetary health? 122 • The future of food pricing: Monitoring and novel policy targets 129 • Cash transfers and the food environment: Eight ways to improve diet quality 137 Enabling actions to improve the food environment 147 • The role of government in improving urban nutrition 147 • Transforming food environments through community-led action 153 • Food environments for a healthy and nutritious diet: The contribution of academia 160 • Last-mile nutrition: What role for the private sector? 169 Speakers’ corner 181 • Actions that make food value chains nutrition-sensitive: Brazil’s sodium-reduction policies 181 • Communities as food environments 185 • Vertical indoor production of vegetables to reduce micronutrient deficiencies in urban areas 188 Letter to the Editor 190 Obituary 191 2 UNSCN NUTRITION 44 – 2019 Chair’s round-up CORNELIA RICHTER UNSCN Chair Vice-President of the International Fund for Agricultural Development Dear UNSCN Nutrition reader, As Chair of the United Nations System Standing Committee We involve stakeholders at the local, regional and global on Nutrition, I am delighted to have the opportunity afforded level to ensure a multifaceted and collaborative approach by this year’s edition of UNSCN Nutrition to present valuable and to drive food security, safety and nutrition forward. research to help advance high-quality and nutritious diets for Over 41 years, we have adapted and innovated, together all. UNSCN Nutrition (previously UNSCN News) 44 gives leading with our UN partner agencies, to provide research-based global thinkers from various fields and disciplines the chance policy guidance that is applicable and relevant. Further, to share their insights on ways to improve food environments we are continuously strengthening the synergies between for better nutritional status and health. We selected this year’s the strategies, work plans and priorities of our Members theme as a springboard from which to better understand the and global intergovernmental processes, bridging thematic factors that influence people’s food choices within the wider discussions and the application of policies around the food system and which enable availability, affordability and world. This has been most visible in our ongoing work to access to healthier options. highlight how nutrition is both a connecting force between the Sustainable Development Goals and a catalyst to Currently, almost two billion people are overweight or achieving them. obese – a figure that continues to grow and, with it, the risk of non-communicable diseases. Simultaneously, Our efforts to support consistent and accountable delivery almost 821 million people are chronically undernourished, and concerted roll-out has meant closer collaboration with 149 million children under the age of five are affected by the UN Network for Scaling Up Nutrition. This harmonized stunting and 49.5 million suffer from wasting. Every country approach allows us to better identify national needs to is experiencing several forms of malnutrition and trends ensure that UNSCN delivers effective, responsive policy predict that the one in three people currently malnourished guidance. will soon become one in two. As Chair of UNSCN, it is my pleasure to work with Members To tackle these challenges UNSCN works with its partners as we advance through the United Nations Decade of Action to better understand why and how diets, lifestyles and food on Nutrition towards a more just and sustainable world. environments are changing and how food systems need to respond accordingly. We challenge ourselves to systematically analyse food-system dynamics, as well as the various causes of malnutrition, to assess how issues of equity, equality and Cornelia Richter non-discrimination are impacted by nutrition. UNSCN Chair EDITORIAL 3 Editorial CHRISTINE CAMPEAU DENISE COSTA COITINHO DELMUÈ STINEKE OENEMA Every day, people buy and consume food through their food domains of food environments. The external domain includes environment. This can be defined as the interface between dimensions such as availability, prices, vendor and product people’s diet and the wider food system. It encompasses properties, and marketing and promotion, while the personal people’s ability to access nutritious food in an affordable domain includes the dimensions highlighted by Herforth and and convenient way. It is further shaped by external factors, Ahmed. All of these concepts, especially the Turner et al. such as the price and availability of food, as well as its framework, have been widely cited by authors throughout taste, the marketing that goes into promoting food and the this publication. regulations that govern it. But how useful is the concept of the food environment and The food environment has been conceptualized in various what purpose does it serve? Does it increase understanding ways, thanks to the work of many researchers over the past of how people interact with the wider food system and how decade. The 2017 report by the High Level Panel of Experts on dietary preferences evolve? Does it provide valuable insights Food Security and Nutrition (HLPE) defines it as “the physical, into how these dietary shifts lead to a greater prevalence economic, political and sociocultural context in which consumers of overweight, obesity and deaths from non-communicable engage with the food system to make their decisions about diseases? Does it explain the health effects of population acquiring, preparing and consuming food” (HLPE, 2017). movements from rural to urban settings? Others, including the Food and Agriculture Organization of The food environment is highly dynamic, interactive and the United Nations (FAO), have defined the food environment constantly evolving, which makes it difficult to grasp. It more in terms of food itself, namely, “all
Load more

Recommended publications
  • EDISI AGUSTUS 2017 #27 Curug Luhur Cibodas, Wana Wisata Baru
    EDISI AGUSTUS 2017 #27 r e f e r e n s i w i s a t a & g a y a h i d u p Persembahan Sembilan Desainer di Camperenik From Bandung With Love Sajian Sunda “Ngabaraga” di Aston Braga Hotel & Residence Mengetahui Bandung Masa Lalu, Masa Kini, dan Masa Depan di Bandung Planning Gallery Berenang Sambil BBQ di Aryaduta Bandung Empuknya Nasi Kikil Si Geunyal Curug Luhur Cibodas, Wana Wisata Baru di Kawasan Lembang Hotel UTC Bandung, Pilihan yang Tepat Untuk Menginap www.destinasibandung.co.id 2 Destinasi Bandung Edisi Agustus 2017 www.destinasibandung.co.id D e s t i n a s i B a n d u n g J ALAN-JALAN Penulis : Yogi Pebriansyah Curug Luhur Cibodas, Wana Wisata Baru di Kawasan Lembang awasan wisata di Bandung Utara terutama Tiba di air terjun ini, pengunjung akan di daerah Lembang dan Maribaya memang langsung dimanjakan dengan pemandangan dan K tidak ada habis untuk di jelajahi. Hawa rimbunnya pepohonan yang menutupi Curug yang sejuk dan dinginnya udara merupakan daya tarik tingginya sekitar 20 meter. wisatawan untuk mengunjungi kawasan Lembang Kejernihan air terjun ini benar-benar dan Maribaya. masih terjaga dan bersih karena hulu air di Curug Kini di kawasan Maribaya terdapat objek ini berasal dari Gunung Bukit Tunggul. wisata alam yang masih alami dan belum banyak Bagi pengunjung yang suka selfie dan di kunjungi wisatawan yakni Wana Wisata Curug wefie tidak usah khawatir, karena ada banyak Luhur Cibodas. Lokasinya ada di kawasan timur spot menarik di Curug Luhur Cibodas untuk Lembang, tepatnya di Desa Suntenjaya Kecamatan mengabadikan momen seru.
    [Show full text]
  • Plants for Tropical Subsistence Farms
    SELECTING THE BEST PLANTS FOR THE TROPICAL SUBSISTENCE FARM By Dr. F. W. Martin. Published in parts, 1989 and 1994; Revised 1998 and 2007 by ECHO Staff Dedication: This document is dedicated to the memory of Scott Sherman who worked as ECHO's Assistant Director until his death in January 1996. He spent countless hours corresponding with hundreds of missionaries and national workers around the world, answering technical questions and helping them select new and useful plants to evaluate. Scott took special joy in this work because he Photo by ECHO Staff knew the God who had created these plants--to be a blessing to all the nations. WHAT’S INSIDE: TABLE OF CONTENTS HOW TO FIND THE BEST PLANTS… Plants for Feeding Animals Grasses DESCRIPTIONS OF USEFUL PLANTS Legumes Plants for Food Other Feed Plants Staple Food Crops Plants for Supplemental Human Needs Cereal and Non-Leguminous Grain Fibers Pulses (Leguminous Grains) Thatching/Weaving and Clothes Roots and Tubers Timber and Fuel Woods Vegetable Crops Plants for the Farm Itself Leguminous Vegetables Crops to Conserve or Improve the Soil Non-Leguminous Fruit Vegetables Nitrogen-Fixing Trees Leafy Vegetables Miners of Deep (in Soil) Minerals Miscellaneous Vegetables Manure Crops Fruits and Nut Crops Borders Against Erosion Basic Survival Fruits Mulch High Value Fruits Cover Crops Outstanding Nuts Crops to Modify the Climate Specialty Food Crops Windbreaks Sugar, Starch, and Oil Plants for Shade Beverages, Spices and Condiment Herbs Other Special-Purpose Plants Plants for Medicinal Purposes Living Fences Copyright © ECHO 2007. All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced for training purposes if Plants for Alley Cropping distributed free of charge or at cost and credit is given to ECHO.
    [Show full text]
  • Five Hundred Plant Species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java a Checklist Including Sundanese Names, Distribution and Use
    Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java A checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use Hari Priyadi Gen Takao Irma Rahmawati Bambang Supriyanto Wim Ikbal Nursal Ismail Rahman Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java A checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use Hari Priyadi Gen Takao Irma Rahmawati Bambang Supriyanto Wim Ikbal Nursal Ismail Rahman © 2010 Center for International Forestry Research. All rights reserved. Printed in Indonesia ISBN: 978-602-8693-22-6 Priyadi, H., Takao, G., Rahmawati, I., Supriyanto, B., Ikbal Nursal, W. and Rahman, I. 2010 Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java: a checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use. CIFOR, Bogor, Indonesia. Photo credit: Hari Priyadi Layout: Rahadian Danil CIFOR Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia T +62 (251) 8622-622 F +62 (251) 8622-100 E [email protected] www.cifor.cgiar.org Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) CIFOR advances human wellbeing, environmental conservation and equity by conducting research to inform policies and practices that affect forests in developing countries. CIFOR is one of 15 centres within the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). CIFOR’s headquarters are in Bogor, Indonesia. It also has offices in Asia, Africa and South America. | iii Contents Author biographies iv Background v How to use this guide vii Species checklist 1 Index of Sundanese names 159 Index of Latin names 166 References 179 iv | Author biographies Hari Priyadi is a research officer at CIFOR and a doctoral candidate funded by the Fonaso Erasmus Mundus programme of the European Union at Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • The European Parliament Should Return to a 'Dual Mandate' System
    The European Parliament should return to a ‘dual mandate’ system which uses national politicians as representatives instead of directly elected MEPs blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2014/06/16/the-european-parliament-should-return-to-a-dual-mandate-system- which-uses-national-politicians-as-representatives-instead-of-directly-elected-meps/ 16/06/2014 One of the key criticisms of European Parliament elections is that low turnout prevents the Parliament from genuinely being able to confer legitimacy on the EU’s legislative process. Herman Lelieveldt writes that while there was a small increase in turnout in the 2014 European elections, the overall trend of declining turnout necessitates a radical reform to improve the EU’s democratic legitimacy. He suggests returning to a ‘dual mandate’ system through which national parliaments appoint a proportion of their members to split time between the European Parliament and the national level. With a turnout that was only slightly higher than five years ago and a general consensus that many of the dissatisfied voters stayed home, the new European Parliament continues the paradoxical trend of declining legitimacy despite a systematic increase in its powers over the last decades. If it comes to mobilising more voters it is safe to conclude that the experiment with the Spitzenkandidat has been an utter failure. Apart from maybe in Germany, the contest did not generate much excitement in the member states nor did it bring more voters to the polls. Hence we are left with another election in which a majority of the member states (17 out of the 28) saw turn-out again decline, as shown in the Chart below.
    [Show full text]
  • Canarium Ovatum) Shells
    International Journal of Engineering Research And Management (IJERM) ISSN: 2349- 2058, Volume-04, Issue-09, September 2017 Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Utilizing Pili Nut (Canarium Ovatum) Shells Ariel B. Morales are widely used for various purposes. It is a lightweight and Abstract— This study aims to make a 200 mm x 200 mm strong kind of plastic that can be easily remolded into particleboard with nine millimeter thickness using Crushed Pili different shapes [5]. This study also helps in lessening Nut Shells (CPNS) and sawdust as raw materials with the ratios non-biodegradable wastes and be useful as a resin. This study (CPNS: sawdust) 100:0, 75:25, and 50:50 by weight and determine their physical and mechanical properties. Also, the specifically aims the following objectives: results were compared to the standard properties of commercial • To determine its physical property such as density, unit particleboard set classified by the Philippine Standard weight and thickness swelling, Association (PHILSA). The raw materials were mixed with • To determine the mechanical property, specifically High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) as an adhesive. All Modulus of Rupture (MOR). particleboards have passed and exceeded the PHILSA standard • To compare the results to the standard properties for for particle board where 100:0 mixtures with density of 1204.09 kg/m3 has the highest MOR of 110 MPa and lowest thickness commercial particleboard from Philippine Standard swelling of 1.11%. Therefore, particleboard made from Pili nut Association (PHILSA) if it will pass or exceed the given shells has an outstanding property compared to commercial standards. particleboards that depends on its application.
    [Show full text]
  • Adat Budaya Siraman Pengantin Jawa Syarat Makna Dan Filosofi
    TEKNOBUGA Volume 2 No.2 – November 2015 ADAT BUDAYA SIRAMAN PENGANTIN JAWA SYARAT MAKNA DAN FILOSOFI Endang Setyaningsih, Atiek Zahrulianingdyah PKK, Fakultas Teknik UNNES Abstract: The traditional Javanese wedding ceremony is a heritage palace that used to be held by the royal family, but also with the times, wedding cultural customs prevalent in society to foreign countries. One of the indigenous culture of marriage is still held is being washed cultural customs Javanese wedding custom bridal spray Javanese culture has an idea of watering or bathing the bride in order to groom the holy birth and his inner clean and ready to begin married life. Supplies spray bride among others, tumpeng lengkap, tumpeng robyong, tumpeng gundul, jajan pasar, bunga tujuh rupa, kendi yang berisi dari tujuh sumber mata air bertuah, kain batik wahyu tumurun, cendol, uang kreweng dari tanah liat, kloso bongko, daun tolak balak, and others. Attachments are presented have meaning and philosophy of life guidance so that the bride can wade life happy and prosperous. Indigenous culture Javanese wedding splash at the present time are widespread in various layers of the Java community both in domestic and in foreign countries, even The alien keen to learn, because have noble philosophy, for it needs to be socialized by the media about the culture of indigenous customary marriage Java completely. Keywords: bride, Showers, Indigenous Java Abstrak: Upacara perkawinan adat Jawa merupakan warisan tradisi keraton yang dulu hanya boleh diselenggarakan oleh keluarga keraton saja, akan tetapi dengan perkembangan zaman, adat budaya perkawainan berkembang luas di masyarakat sampai manca Negara. Salah satu dari adat budaya perkawinan yang sampai saat ini masih dilaksanakan adalah adat budaya siraman pengantin Jawa, adat budaya siraman pengantin Jawa mempunyai pengertian menyirami atau memandikan calon pengantin agar pengantin bersih suci lahir dan batinnya dan siap memulai kehidupan berumah tangga.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Do Farmers Burn Rice Residue? Examining Farmers’ Choices in Punjab, Pakistan
    Working Paper, No 76–13 Why Do Farmers Burn Rice Residue? Examining Farmers’ Choices in Punjab, Pakistan Tanvir Ahmed Bashir Ahmad Published by the South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE) PO Box 8975, EPC 1056, Kathmandu, Nepal. Tel: 977-1-5003222 Fax: 977-1-5003299 SANDEE research reports are the output of research projects supported by the South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics. The reports have been peer reviewed and edited. A summary of the findings of SANDEE reports are also available as SANDEE Policy Briefs. National Library of Nepal Catalogue Service: Tanvir Ahmed and Bashir Ahmad Why Do Farmers Burn Rice Residue? Examining Farmers’ Choices in Punjab, Pakistan (SANDEE Working Papers, ISSN 1893-1891; WP 76–13) ISBN: 978-9937-596-05-3 Key words: Black carbon Rice residue management Seemingly unrelated regression Punjab Pakistan SANDEE Working Paper No. 76–13 Why Do Farmers Burn Rice Residue? Examining Farmers’ Choices in Punjab, Pakistan Tanvir Ahmed Associate Professor Department of Economics Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Lahore, Pakistan Bashir Ahmad President/Chief Executive Officer Innovative Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan January 2013 South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE) PO Box 8975, EPC 1056, Kathmandu, Nepal SANDEE Working Paper No. 76–13 The South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics The South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE) is a regional network that brings together analysts from different countries in South Asia to address environment-development problems. SANDEE’s activities include research support, training, and information dissemination. Please see www.sandeeonline.org for further information about SANDEE.
    [Show full text]
  • 422 Part 180—Tolerances and Ex- Emptions for Pesticide
    Pt. 180 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–16 Edition) at any time before the filing of the ini- 180.124 Methyl bromide; tolerances for resi- tial decision. dues. 180.127 Piperonyl butoxide; tolerances for [55 FR 50293, Dec. 5, 1990, as amended at 70 residues. FR 33360, June 8, 2005] 180.128 Pyrethrins; tolerances for residues. 180.129 o-Phenylphenol and its sodium salt; PART 180—TOLERANCES AND EX- tolerances for residues. 180.130 Hydrogen Cyanide; tolerances for EMPTIONS FOR PESTICIDE CHEM- residues. ICAL RESIDUES IN FOOD 180.132 Thiram; tolerances for residues. 180.142 2,4-D; tolerances for residues. Subpart A—Definitions and Interpretative 180.145 Fluorine compounds; tolerances for Regulations residues. 180.151 Ethylene oxide; tolerances for resi- Sec. dues. 180.1 Definitions and interpretations. 180.153 Diazinon; tolerances for residues. 180.3 Tolerances for related pesticide chemi- 180.154 Azinphos-methyl; tolerances for resi- cals. dues. 180.4 Exceptions. 180.155 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid; tolerances 180.5 Zero tolerances. for residues. 180.6 Pesticide tolerances regarding milk, 180.163 Dicofol; tolerances for residues. eggs, meat, and/or poultry; statement of 180.169 Carbaryl; tolerances for residues. policy. 180.172 Dodine; tolerances for residues. 180.175 Maleic hydrazide; tolerances for resi- Subpart B—Procedural Regulations dues. 180.176 Mancozeb; tolerances for residues. 180.7 Petitions proposing tolerances or ex- 180.178 Ethoxyquin; tolerances for residues. emptions for pesticide residues in or on 180.181 Chlorpropham; tolerances for resi- raw agricultural commodities or proc- dues. essed foods. 180.182 Endosulfan; tolerances for residues. 180.8 Withdrawal of petitions without preju- 180.183 Disulfoton; tolerances for residues.
    [Show full text]
  • Detailed Final Report
    An urgent conservation call from endemic plants of Mount Salak, West Java, Indonesia I Robiansyah* and S U Rakhmawati Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanic Gardens - LIPI. Jl.Ir.H. Juanda 13 Bogor 16003, West Java, Indonesia *[email protected] Abstract. Mount Salak is part of Mount Halimun-Salak National Park in West Java, Indonesia. It is home to five endemic plant species that are very susceptible to human interference due to their close proximity to human settlements. The deforestation rate of the area was 1,473 ha or 1.3% of the total area each year. Using eleven line transects with a total length of 44.76 km, the present study aims at providing data on current population and conservation status of these five endemic plant species. The results showed that there was an urgent conservation call from Mount Salak as all five targeted species were unable to be located. Furthermore, two invasive species that might possess serious threat to the endemic plants were observed during the survey: markisa (Passiflora sp.; Passifloraceae) and harendong bulu (Clidemia hirta; Melastomataceae). Based on these results, the present study assigned all the endemic species as Critically Endangered according to the IUCN Red List Category and Criteria. To conserve all the endemic plant species in Mount Salak, several recommendations were given and discussed. 1. Introduction Plants are fundamental part of terrestrial ecosystem and provide support systems for life on earth. For human, plants provide many essential services that underpin human survival and well-being, such as source of food, clothes, timber, medicines, fresh air, clean water, and much more.
    [Show full text]
  • National Dietary Guidelines for Healthy Eating Brunei Darussalam
    NATIONAL DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR HEALTHY EATING BRUNEI DARUSSALAM A SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENT OF THE TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP ON THE NATIONAL DIETARY GUIDELINES Technical Working Group of the National Dietary Guidelines Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam 2020 NATIONAL DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR HEALTHY EATING BRUNEI DARUSSALAM A SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENT OF THE TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP ON THE NATIONAL DIETARY GUIDELINES Technical Working Group of the National Dietary Guidelines Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam 2020 ISBN 978-99917-50-13-2 First published in Brunei Darussalam 2020 Copyright © Technical Working Group of the National Dietary Guidelines Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam 2020 Reprinted and distributed by Ministry of Health with permission from Technical Working Group of the National Dietary Guidelines for Brunei Darussalam All right reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this book for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purpose is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Application for such permission should be addressed to the Co-Chairperson of the Technical Working Group of the National Dietary Guidelines. Secretariat: Technical Working Group of the National Dietary Guidelines Health Promotion Centre, Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan BB3910 Brunei Darussalam Tel: +673 238
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 77, No. 163/Wednesday
    50622 Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 163 / Wednesday, August 22, 2012 / Rules and Regulations CROP GROUP 14–12: TREE NUT GROUP—Continued Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) Butternut (Juglans cinerea L.) Cajou nut (Anacardium giganteum Hance ex Engl.) Candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd.) Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Chestnut (Castanea crenata Siebold & Zucc.; C. dentata (Marshall) Borkh.; C. mollissima Blume; C. sativa Mill.) Chinquapin (Castaneapumila (L.) Mill.) Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Coquito nut (Jubaea chilensis (Molina) Baill.) Dika nut (Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O’Rorke) Baill.) Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) Guiana chestnut (Pachira aquatica Aubl.) Hazelnut (Filbert) (Corylus americana Marshall; C. avellana L.; C. californica (A. DC.) Rose; C. chinensis Franch.) Heartnut (Juglans ailantifolia Carrie`re var. cordiformis (Makino) Rehder) Hickory nut (Carya cathayensis Sarg.; C. glabra (Mill.) Sweet; C. laciniosa (F. Michx.) W. P. C. Barton; C. myristiciformis (F. Michx.) Elliott; C. ovata (Mill.) K. Koch; C. tomentosa (Lam.) Nutt.) Japanese horse-chestnut (Aesculus turbinate Blume) Macadamia nut (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche; M. tetraphylla L.A.S. Johnson) Mongongo nut (Schinziophyton rautanenii (Schinz) Radcl.-Sm.) Monkey-pot (Lecythis pisonis Cambess.) Monkey puzzle nut (Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch) Okari nut (Terminalia kaernbachii Warb.) Pachira nut (Pachira insignis (Sw.) Savigny) Peach palm nut (Bactris gasipaes Kunth var. gasipaes) Pecan (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch) Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.; C. villosum (Aubl.) Pers; C. nuciferum L.) Pili nut (Canarium ovatum Engl.; C. vulgare Leenh.) Pine nut (Pinus edulis Engelm.; P. koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.; P. sibirica Du Tour; P. pumila (Pall.) Regel; P. gerardiana Wall. ex D. Don; P. monophylla Torr. & Fre´m.; P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Scrutiny of the Principle of Subsidiarity in the Procedures and Reasoned Opinions of the Italian Chamber and Senate
    11 The Scrutiny of the Principle of Subsidiarity in the Procedures and Reasoned Opinions of the Italian Chamber and Senate NICOLA LUPO I. Introduction National parliaments are generally institutions with a long history, strong proce- dural traditions and differing dynamics both externally (with their national gov- ernment as well as EU institutions, and of course with the other House, in the case of bicameral systems) and internally (ie between majority and opposition and between plenary and committees). Hence, a new procedure, like the scrutiny of the principle of subsidiarity, introduced at the EU level, does not fall on a blank page. On the contrary, it is inevitably embedded in the life of each parliament, being transformed and adapted to comply — as does naturally happen in a ‘ compos- ite ’ Constitution 1 — not only with EU requirements but also with the constraints established by each national Constitution. That is why the way in which the EWM develops in each national parliament depends on a series of elements that are typical of each constitutional system, such as the form of government, the political and institutional culture, the approach towards European integration, the confi guration of parliamentary groups and standing committees, and sometimes even the role of parliamentary bureaucracy. 2 1 For this expression and for its meaning see L Besselink , A Composite European Constitution ( Groningen , Europa Law Publishing , 2007 ) . 2 N Lupo , ‘ National Parliaments in the European integration process: re-aligning politics and poli- cies ’ in M Cartabia , N Lupo and A Simoncini (eds), Democracy and subsidiarity in the EU. National parliaments, regions and civil society in the decision-making process ( B o l o g n a , I l m u l i n o , 2 0 1 3 ) 1 0 7 – 3 2 , spec 130 (arguing that these elements could be deemed as part of the constitutional identity of each Member State).
    [Show full text]